Use of monitoring tools in Atlantic Cod Knut Jorstad Institute of Marine Research, Norway
2002-2006 STATUS 2002 2006: About 90 locations Samples from nearly 10 000 specimens Biological recording: Length, weight, sex, mature stage, age, otolith characteristics Genetic markers: Genetiske Samples prøver Haemoglobin, five allozymes loci, Broodstock Stamfisk Pan1, six microsatellite loci (ongoing) Broodstock: 10 populations
7 4 5 6 29 25 26 28 27 10-22 23 24 8 9 Sample no. Designation 1 WS-02 2 WS-03 3 UraG-03 4 Smor-02 5 Smor-03 6 Mag-02 7 Repp-03 8 Bals-02 9 Bals-03 10 Eids-03 11 st247-02 12 st249-02 13 st250-02 14 st253-02 15 st254-02 16 st255-02 17 st222-03 18 st232-03 19 st236-03 20 st241-03 21 st246-03 22 st248-03 23 Tyss-02 24 Tyss-03 25 Vega-02 26 Vega-03 27 Vikn-03 28 Lange-03 29 Smol-03 3 2 1
More than 20 000 ESTs have been sequenced and these are now used as basic for large scale characterization of new microsatellite and SNP markers. Delgandi, M., Stenvik, J., Moen, T., Wesmajervi, M.S., Tafese, T., Westgård, J.I., Fjalestad, T.T., Kettunen, A. & Nilsen, F. 2006. Development and characterization of microsatellite- and single nucleotide polymorphism markers in Atlantic cod. Genetic in Aquaculture, Montpiller, France, June 2006. Symonds, J. & Bowman, S. 2006. The Atlantic Cod Genomics and broodstock Development Project. Genetic in Aquaculture, Montpiller, France, June 2006. (see also: http://www.codgene.ca/).
Symonds, J. & Bowman, S. 2006. The Atlantic Cod Genomics and broodstock Development Project. Genetic in Aquaculture, Montpiller, France, June 2006. (see also: http://www.codgene.ca/).
Genetically marked cod strain: Genotype: GPI-1*30/30 Svåsand, T. K.E. Jørstad and T.S. Kristiansen (1990). Enhancement studies of coastal cod in western Norway. Part I. Recruitment of wild and reared cod to a local spawning stock. J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer, 47: 5-12. Jørstad, K.E. (rapporteur). (1991). Epidemiology and effects on gene pools (Workshop Report). ICES mar. Sci. Symp., 192: 211-212. Skaala, Ø., G. Dahle, K.E. Jørstad and G. Nævdal (1990). Interaction between natural and farmed fish population: Information from genetic markers. J. Fish. Biol. 36: 449-460. Jørstad, K.E., Ø. Skaala and G. Dahle. (1991). The development of biochemical and visible genetic markers and their potential use in evaluating interaction between cultured and wild fish populations.ices mar. Sci. Symp. 192: 200-205. Jørstad, K.E., G. Nævdal, O.I. Paulsen and S. Torkildsen. 1994. Release and recapture of genetically tagged cod fry in a Norwegian fjord system. In: Beaumont, A.R. (ed.) Genetic and Evolution of Aquatic Organisms, pp. 519-528. Jørstad, K.E., Paulsen, O.I., Nævdal, G. and Thorkildsen, S. 1994. Genetic studies of cod, Gadus morhua L., in Masfjord, western Norway: comparisons between the local stock and realed, artificially reared cod. Aquaculture and Fisheries anagement, 25, (Supplement 1): 77-91. Jørstad, K.E., Ø. Skaala and G. Nævdal. 1999. Genetic diversity and the Norwegian Sea Ranching Programme: a retrospective perspective. In: Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching (eds. Howell, B., Moksness, E., & Svåsand, T). Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science Oxford, UK. Jørstad, K.E. 2004. Genetic studies in marine stock enhancement in Norway. In: K. Leber, S. Kitada, H.L. Blankenship & T. Svåsand (eds.). Proceedings of Second International Symposium on Stock Enhancement and Sea Ranching. Blackwell Science Ltd., Oxford. Jørstad, K.E., Nævdal, G., Karlsen, Ø., Torkildsen, S., Paulsen, O.I., Otterå, H. 2004. Long term studies on genetic interaction between wild and ranched cod (Gadus morhua) by use of a genetic marked strain. Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, 19-23 July 2004, Imperial College, London.
Masfjorden Øygarden Bergen Austevoll 0 5 10 Kilometers 0 0.25 0.5 Kilometers
Masfjorden 0,3 Frequency 0,2 0,1 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Jørstad (2004)
Genetic marked (CM) coastal cod Homozygote in a rare allele in phosphoglucose isomerase (GPI*30) Originate from 1983 yearclass (Hyltropollen) Used in stock enhancement studies 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 Øygarden 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Aquaculture Station Austevoll 2002 - : Establishing a new GM strain The new yearclass is 5. generation Performance testing as farmed strain? Large scale genetic interaction studies farmed and wild stocks? Banding pattern
Jørstad, K.J., van der Meeren, T., Paulsen, O.I., Thomsen. T., & Svåsand, T. 2006. Escapement of eggs from farmed cod spawning in net pens and offspring intermingling with natural spawned larvae. Sea Ranching and Stock Enhancement Symposium, Seattle, September 2006.
Heimarks pollen n =132