Symposium Biarritz 2011 18 to 21 October 2011 4th Session : Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management Interactions between aquaculture and capture fisheries in Mediterranean coastal lagoons U1 Henri FARRUGIO General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean Scientific Advisory Committee
Diapositive 1 U1 please insert name of country Unset; 30/05/2011
Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons distribution and surfaces n total surface min max ha surface surface Egypt 6 203000 78000 Italy 190 143000 10 57700 France 17 53000 86 15000 Tunisia 6 52000 Greece 76 34511 30 15000 Albania 12 26171 Spain 13 19553 Morocco 1 11500 Turkey 72 3738 4 6500 Lybia 5 3490 Montenegro 2 1642 150 1492 Algeria 1 865
Main species fished and /or cultivated in the lagoons Sea Bass FISHES SHELLFISHES Sea Bream Oysters 3% Eel Sole Mussels Clams Grey Mullets
Fike nets Main fishing gears U3 Traps lines Rakes + gillnets, trammel nets and dredges
Diapositive 4 U3 apart from capture fisheries and aquaculture Unset; 01/06/2011
Main fishing gears Permanent fixed capture systems (extensive fish farming + wild fish catches) Italy Greece Turkey
Shellfish culture ETANG DE THAU France U3 Tortolì lagoon Italy (+
Diapositive 6 U3 apart from capture fisheries and aquaculture Unset; 01/06/2011
Fish farming
Other activities carried out in coastal lagoons U3
Diapositive 8 U3 apart from capture fisheries and aquaculture Unset; 01/06/2011
Impacts of aquaculture on fisheries & on environnement Fry collection : catching the juveniles for farming (fattening) contribute to the overexploitation of the wild populations Wild fish species used as food for cultured ones Introduction of new species : translocation of animal from different geographic areas can lead to territorial competition with indigenous species, and subsequently to negative effects on biodiversity. Release of cultured organisms in the wild Use of hormones and other chemicals Release of nutrients and feces and eutrophication
Water management : for aquaculture flowrate of the water entering or leaving the lagoons is often regulated through doors : problems for the migratory wild species
Main threats for fisheries and aquaculture Pollution : uncontrolled & illegal waste disposal, untreated or partially treated urban sewage Dystrophic crises : Algal blooms, Anoxy, Eutrophication, fish and shellfish mortalities Chemical pollution from oil & chemical industry, Agriculture, massive freshwater inputs from hydroelectric plants. Heavy metals and other xenobiotic substances in sediments and fish Shellfishes mortalities due to Herpes virus, Bactérias, DSP (Diarrheic Shellfish Poison) & PSP (Paralitic S.P)
A common problem for fishermen and aquaculturists : the Ichthyophagous birds The Cormorant problem Up to 10% of the lagoons fish production can be eaten by this bird In 2008, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on the application of a European cormorant management plan to minimise the increasing impact of cormorants on fish stocks, fishing and aquaculture cormorants have caused proven permanent damage to aquaculture undertakings and stocks of many wild fish species... European population of cormorants increased 20x over the past 25 years, 1.7-1.8 million birds estimated Total number of Cormorants in Oristano Province Sardinian lagoons (January census)
General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean The LaMed Project Objective: stimulate the preparation of an Action Plan for coastal lagoons conservation and management within the GFCM context, based on a realistic evaluation of the institutional failure that partly affected the conservation strategy over the years EXPECTED OUTPUTS Output 1: Strengthening the regional cooperation on lagoon management and interactions between aquaculture and capture through the establishment of a network of experts on Mediterranean coastal lagoons Output 2: Made progress towards the understanding of the interactions between aquaculture and capture fisheries through an inventory of Mediterranean coastal lagoons Output 3: Guidelines for a sustainable management of Mediterranean coastal lagoons
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