SF-ASSSSMNT - MODU 3-5: Gas Movemen. NFORMATON NDD TO CACUAT PATNT FOW NDS A. CACUATONS: 1. Weigh in Weigh in pounds.. f 3. f 4. f 5. Paien peak inspiraory flow demand (PF) = ( ) 6. Paien peak inspiraory flow demand (PF) = 60 B. ADUT NORMA AUS: 1. nspiraory Time: 8 1. seconds. Tidal olume: sponaneous 5 8 m/ of BW 3. Respiraory Rae: 10 0 breahs/ 4. Minue volume: 5 10 / 5. : Raio: 1 : o 1 : 4 6. Normal range for adul inspiraory flow: 4 30 /, bu may be as high as 60-100 /. C. XRCSS: 1. A paien s weigh is measured as 150 pounds. Wha is he range of normal idal volumes? Weigh in pounds 150 lbs Weigh in 68. 18 68... lbs Tidal olume 5-8 m 68. 5 m 341 m 68. 8 m 545 m
. A paien s weigh is measured as 00 pounds. Wha is he range of normal idal volumes? Weigh in pounds 00 lbs Weigh in 9 9.. lbs Tidal olume 5-8 m 99 5 m 455 m 99 8 m 77 m 3. A paien s weigh is measured as 40 kilograms. Wha is he range of normal idal volumes? Tidal olume 5-8 m 40 5 m 00 m 40 8 m 30 m 4. A paien has a idal volume of 600 m and a frequency of 0/. Calculae he ue venilaion ( ). m breahs, m f 600 0 1 000 1 breah 5. A paien has a idal volume of 350 m and a frequency of 15/. Calculae he ue venilaion ( ). m breahs, m f 350 15 5 50 5. breah 3 6. A paien has a of 1.5 / and a frequency of 5/. Calculae he average idal volume. f 1. 5 5 breahs 5 breah 7. A paien has a of 8.4 / and a frequency of 14/. Calculae he average idal volume. f 8. 4 14 breahs 6 breah
8. A paien has a of 10 / and a idal volume of 500 m. Calculae he frequency. f 10 500 m breah 10 5 breah 0breahs 9. A paien has a of 5.8 / and a idal volume of 400 m. Calculae he frequency. f 10 500 m breah 10 5 breah 0breahs 1 f he paien s is 550 m, and he inspiraory ime is 9 seconds, calculae he paiens peak inspiraory flow. PF = 550m 55 60 60sec. 611 60 36. 9sec 9sec 7 11. f he paien s is 680 m, and he inspiraory ime is 1. seconds, calculae he paiens peak inspiraory flow. PF = 680m 68 60 60sec. 56760 34 1. sec 1. sec 1. f he paien s is 15 /, he f is 1/, and he inspiraory ime is 1.0 seconds, calculae he peak inspiraory flow. PF = 15 875 f 1breahs breah 88 60 sec.733 60 53 1.0sec 13. f he is 7.6 /, he f is 16/, and he inspiraory ime is 8 seconds, calculae he peak inspiraory flow PF =. 7 6. 0 475 f 16breahs breah 48 60sec. 660 36 8sec
14. Given a frequency of 0/ and a idal volume of 500 m, calculae he paien s ue venilaion. m breahs, m. f 500 0 10 000 10 0 breah 15. Given a frequency of 15/ and a idal volume of 600 m, calculae he paien s ue venilaion. m breahs, m. f 600 15 9 000 9 0 breah 16. Given a frequency of 5/ and a idal volume of 800 m, calculae he paien s ue enilaion. m breahs, m. f 800 5 0 000 0 0 breah 17. Given a ue venilaion of 7.5 / and a frequency of 16/, calculae he average idal volume. 7. 5 m 469 469 f 16breahs breah breah 18. Given a ue venilaion of 1 0 / and a frequency of 1/, calculae he average idal volume. 10 m 833 833 f 1breahs breah breah 19. Given a ue venilaion of 1.5 / and a frequency of 1, calculae he average idal volume. 1. 5 m 595 595 f 1breahs breah breah Given a ue venilaion of 8.4 / and a idal volume of 600 m, calculae he frequency. f 8. 4 600 m breah 8. 4 6 breah 14 breahs
1. Given a ue venilaion of 8.8 / and a idal volume of 550 m, calculae he frequency. f 8. 8 550 m breah 8. 8 55 breah 16breahs. Given a ue venilaion of 6.4 / and a idal volume of 400 m, calculae he frequency. f 6. 4 400 m breah 6, 4 4 breah 16breahs 3. Given an inspiraory ime of 1. seconds and a peak inspiraory flow of 35 /, calculae he idal volume. PF 35 1. sec PF 60, 7 700 m 60 60 sec 4. Given an inspiraory ime of 1.0 second and a peak inspiraory flow of 8 /, calculae he idal volume. PF 8 1. 0 sec PF 60, 467 467 m 60 60 sec 5. Given a idal volume of 450 m and an inspiraory ime of 1.4 seconds, calculae he peak inspiraory flow. PF 450 m 60 60sec 19, 86 m 19. 3 1. 4 sec 6. Given a idal volume of 65 m and an inspiraory ime of 8 seconds, calculae he peak inspiraory flow. PF 65 m 60 60sec 46, 875 m 46. 9 8 sec 7. Given a ue venilaion of 1 /, and a : raio of 1:3, calculae he imal inspiraory flow needed o mee he paiens inspiraory needs. ( ) 1 1 3 1 4 48 PF =
8. Given a ue venilaion of 8.6 /, and a : raio of 1:, calculae he imal inspiraory flow needed o mee he paiens inspiraory needs. ( ) 8. 6 1 8. 6 3 5. 8 PF =. CACUATNG SYSTM TOTA FOW A. An air-enrainmen nebulizer is se a an FO of 40 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 8 liers/. Calculae he following: 100 FO 100 40 60 1. Air:O raio: air : oxygen 3. 3 : 1 FO 1 40 1 19. O lier Flow: 8 / 3. Air ier Flow: Air Flow Air Raio Oxygen Flow 3 8 4 4. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 8 / + 4 / = 3 / B. The air-enrainmen mask is se a an FO of 0,8 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 3 liers/. Calculae he following: 1. Air:O raio:. O lier Flow: 3 / 100 FO 100 8 7 air : oxygen 1 3 10 : 1 FO 1 8 1 7 3. Air ier Flow: Air Flow Air Raio Oxygen Flow 10 3 30 4. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 3 / + 30 / = 33 / C. An air-enrainmen nebulizer is se a an FO of 70 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 6 liers/. Calculae he following: 1. Air:O raio:. O lier Flow: 6 / 100 FO 100 70 30 air : oxygen 61 6 : 1 FO 1 70 1 49 3. Air ier Flow: Air Flow Air Raio Oxygen Flow 0. 6 6 3. 6 4. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 6 / + 3.6 / = 9.6 /
D. An air-enrainmen mask is se a an FO of 50 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 8 liers/. Calculae he following: 1. Air:O raio:. O lier Flow: 8 / 100 FO 100 50 50 air : oxygen 1. 7 : 1 FO 1 50 1 9 3. Air ier Flow: Air Flow Air Raio Oxygen Flow 1. 7 8 13. 6 4. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 8 / + 13.6 / = 1.6 /. An air-enrainmen nebulizer is se a an FO of 1.0 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 15 liers/. Calculae he following: 1. Air:O raio:. O lier Flow: 15 / 100 FO 100 100 0 air : oxygen 0 : 1 FO 1 100 1 79 3. Air ier Flow: Air Flow Air Raio Oxygen Flow 0 15 0 4. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 15 / + 0 / = 15 / F. Assug he flowrae says he same on an air-enrainmen device, wha happens o oal lier flow as he FO increases? T GOS DOWN G. The concenraion of oxygen delivered by an air-enrainmen sysem can be varied by: 1. Alering he size of he je orifice. Alering he size of he air enrainmen pors 3. Boh 1 and. H. Backpressure on an air-enrainmen sysem decreases he volume of fluid or gas enrained. This causes he oxygen concenraion delivered by he sysem o. 1. ncrease. Decrease 3. Say he same
. PATNT NDS AND DC DRY A. You are seing up an air-enrainmen mask a an FO of 40 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 1 l/. The paien s idal volume is 600 m and he inspiraory ime is 1.5 seconds. s he flow from his sysem meeing he paien s inspiraory needs? 1. Air: Oxygen Raio: 100 FO 100 40 60 air : oxygen 3. 3 : 1 FO 1 40 1 19. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 1 / + 36 / = 48 / 6 sec 3. Peak nspiraory Flowrae: 60 60 460 4 1. 5 sec 4. s he FDO > FO? YS NO 5. Wha FO would he paien acually receive? 40 b. ess han 40 c. Greaer han 40 B. You are seing up an air-enrainmen nebulizer wih an aerosol mask a an FO of 70 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 1 /. The paien s ue venilaion is 8 /, he inspiraory ime is 5 seconds, and he respiraory rae is 10/. s he flow from his sysem meeing he paien s inspiraory needs? 100 FO 100 70 30 1. Air: Oxygen Raio: air : oxygen 61 6 : 1 FO 1 70 1 49. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 1 / + 7. / = 19. / 3. Peak nspiraory Flowrae: 8 0, 8 f 10breahs breah 8 60 60sec 1. 660 96 5 sec 4. s he FDO > FO? YS NO 5. Wha FO would he paien acually receive? 70 b. ess han 70 c. Greaer han 70
C. You are seing up an air-enrainmen nebulizer wih a racheosomy mask a an FO of 35 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 15 /. The paien s ue venilaion is 8 / and he : raio is 1:3. s he flow from his sysem meeing he paien s inspiraory needs? 1. Air: Oxygen Raio: 100 FO 100 35 65 air : oxygen 4. 6 5 : 1 FO 1 35 1 14. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 15 / + 75 / = 90 / 3. Peak nspiraory Flowrae: 4. s he FDO > FO? YS NO 1 3 8 4 3 ( ) 8 5. Wha FO is he paien acually receiving? 35 b. ess han 35 c. Greaer han 35 D. You are seing up an air-enrainmen nebulizer wih a Briggs (-) adaper a an FO of 60 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 1 /. The paien s idal volume is 400 m and he inspiraory ime is 9 seconds. s he flow from his sysem meeing he paien s inspiraory needs? 100 FO 100 60 40 1. Air: Oxygen Raio: air : oxygen 1: 1 FO 1 60 1 39. Toal ier Flow: Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 1 / + 1 / = 4 / 3. Peak nspiraory Flowrae: 4 60 60sec 4460 6. 7 9 sec 4. s he FDO > FO? YS NO 5. Wha FO would he paien receive? 60 b. ess han 60 c. Greaer han 60
. Given a ue venilaion of 6.8 / and a : raio of 1:1.5, calculae he imal inspiraory flow needed o mee he paien s inspiraory needs. ( ) 6.8 1 1.5 6.8.5 17.0 1. PF:. The docor has ordered an air-enrainmen mask se a an FO of 40 and he oxygen flowmeer is se a 6 /. s he oal flowrae from his sysem sufficien o mee he paien s inspiraory needs? 100 FO 100 40 60 air : oxygen 3. 3 : 1 FO 1 40 1 19 Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 6 / + 18 / = 4 / 3. Wha will happen o he FO we are giving he paien? TH DC S TOTA FOW XCDS TH PATNT S NSPRATORY FOW RAT SO TH DSRD FO W B DRD. F. Given a ue venilaion of 11 / and an : raio of 1:, calculae he imal inspiraory flow needed o mee he paiens inspiraory needs. ( 1. PF: ) 11 1 11 3 33. The docor has ordered an air-enrainmen nebulizer wih an aerosol mask a an FO of 60 and he oxygen flowrae is se a 10 /. s he oal flowrae from his sysem sufficien o mee he paien s inspiraory needs? 100 FO 100 60 40 air : oxygen 1: 1 FO 1 60 1 39 Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 6 / + 18 / = 4 / 3. Wha will happen o he FO we are giving he paien? TH DC S TOTA FOW DOS NOT XCD TH PATNT S NSPRATORY FOW RAT SO TH DSRD FO W NOT B DRD.. OXYGN DRY SYSTMS A. According o gan, here are four caegories of oxygen delivery sysems, 1. OW-FOW DCS. HGH-FOW DCS 3. RSROR SYSTMS 4. NCOSURS B. The mos common low-flow sysem is he NASA CANNUA. 1. This sysem should be run beween 1 / 4 & 8 liers per ue oxygen flow and will deliver approximaely 4-40 % oxygen.
. The oxygen concenraion of his sysem depends on he paiens respiraory paern. As he paien begins o breahe more deeply and rapidly, he oxygen concenraion will go (up or down). C. ven hough reservoir sysems run a close o he same flow raes of oxygen, he concenraions of oxygen provided are higher. Why is his? RSROR SYSTMS NCORPORAT A MCHANSM FOR GATHRNG AND STORNG OXYGN BTWN PATNT BRATHS. D. Why is he oxygen concenraion wih mos low-flow, reservoir and enclosure sysems variable? TH TOTA FOW S SS THAN TH PATNT S NSPRATORY FOW RAT.. Wha do all high flow sysems have in common? TOTA FOW XCDS TH PATNT S NSPRATORY FOW RAT. F. Name four differen sysems or se ups ha will provide a fixed oxygen concenraion. 1. AR-NTRANMNT MASKS. AR-NTRANMNT NBUZRS 3. BNDRS 4. DUA FOWMTRS G. Scenario: You are called o se up oxygen on a paien in he mergency Deparmen. You are old he paien is 7 years old wih a hisory of emphysem He is in obvious respiraory disress (respiraory rae 8, accessory muscle use and bilaeral wheezing) and his oximery (SpO ) on room air is 86%. You decide you would like o begin a approximaely 30% oxygen. Which oxygen delivery sysem(s) would be appropriae? 1. AR-NTRANMNT MASK TO DR A PRCS CONCNTRATON N TH FAC OF A ARAB RSPRATORY RAT AND PATTRN. H. Wha is he formula for calculaing ue venilaion ( )? f. Wha is he formula for calculaing peak inspiraory flow (PF)? Paien peak inspiraory flow demand (PF) = ( ) or 60 J. Wha is he calculaion for normal sponaneous idal volume ( )? 5 o 8 m / BW
K. Conver 180 pounds o kilograms. Weigh in pounds Weigh in. 180 lbs Weigh in 81. 8.. Wha is he frequency of a person wih a ue venilaion of 10 / and a idal volume of 500 m? 10 10 f 0breahs m. 500 0 5 breah breah M. Wha is he idal volume of someone wih a ue venilaion of 8 / and a frequency of 15 breahs/ue? 8 m 533 533 f 15 breahs breah breah N. You have a nebulizer and aerosol mask se up a an FO of 75. Calculae he air:oxygen enrainmen raio. 100 FO 100 75 5 air : oxygen 46 5 : 1 FO 1 75 1 54 1. f you run your oxygen flow a 10 /, wha will he air enrainmen be? Air Flow Air Raio Oxygen Flow 5 10 5. Wha is he oal flow provided o he aerosol mask? Toal Flow = Oxygen Flow + Air Flow = 10 / + 5 / = 15 / 3. Your paien needs 30 / flow. Are you delivering enough flow wih your device o mee heir inspiraory needs? YS NO 4. f no, wha will happen o he inspired oxygen concenraion? T W B RDUCD. 5. f no, wha can you do o correc he siuaion? US AN ATRNAT SYSTM K A BNDR OR A DUA FOWMTR SYSTM. O. have a paien who needs 16 / inspiraory flow and an FO of 4 have an air and oxygen flowmeer and wan o mix (blend) hese gases ogeher in he proper raios and flows o mee my paien s needs. 100 FO 100 40 60 air : oxygen 3. 3 : 1 FO 1 40 1 19 1. Where should se he oxygen flowmeer? 4 /. Where should se he air flowmeer? 1 /
P. f an oxygen flowmeer is se a 10 / and an air flowmeer is se a 17 /, wha is he oxygen concenraion being delivered? FDO FDO Oxygen Flow Rae (. Air Flow Rae) Toal Flow 10. 17 10 3. 4 13. 4. 496 50 7 7 7 Q. Which saes of maer are considered fluids? 1. GASS. QUDS R. Define flow and give an example of one of is uni of measure. 1. Definiion: TH BUK MOMNT OF A SUBSTANC THROUGH SPAC XPRSSD AS OUM OF FUD MOD PR UNT OF TM.. Uni of measure: TRS PR MNUT, TRS PR SCOND S. Pressure is defined as force/specific surface are For a saic fluid, pressure is dependen on OCTY x CROSS-SCTONA ARA. T. SCOSTY is he propery of a fluid ha opposes flow. U. Three paerns of fluid flow are: 1. AMNAR. TURBUNT 3. TRANSTONA. Poiseuille s aw describes he facors effecing laar flow. Wrie he formula below and define he variables. 8n P 4 r P Driving pressure (o move gas hrough a ube) fluid viscosiy (n) ube lengh (l) flow (?) radius (r) W. f viscosiy of gas or he lengh of he ube increases, wha happens o driving pressure? (if flow is o remain he same) NCRASS
X. f he radius of he ube decreases, wha happens o driving pressure? (if flow is o remain he same) NCRASS 1. n wha siuaion migh his apply clinically? BRONCHOSPASM Y. A fluids flow becomes urbulen when he Reynolds number is >,000 Z. Wha is he formula for Reynolds number? Define he variables. AA. Reynold' s Number d r h v linear velociy (disance/ime) d fluid densiy (weigh/volume) r ube radius (size of opening) h fluid viscosiy (hickness, sickiness) f fluid velociy, fluid densiy or ube radius go up, he Reynolds number will NCRAS. BB. CC. DD.. FF. f fluid viscosiy goes down, Reynolds number will DCRAS. Wha is he Bernoulli ffec? AS FUD FOWS THROUGH A TUB AND MTS A RSTRCTON, TH FORWARD OCTY W NCRAS AND TH ATRA WA PRSSUR W DCRAS. Fluid velociy a a consan flow varies inversely wih is ATRA WA PRSSUR. Wha is he enuri Principle? F GAS FOWNG THROUGH A TUB MTS A SMA NOUGH CONSTRCTON, TH PRSSUR W DROP TO SUB ATMOSPHRC AND ACTUAY NTRAN A SCOND GAS (FUD). Fluids have hree kinds of energy 1. POTNTA. KNTC 3. PRSSUR GG. HH.. JJ. Graviy increases he effec of POTNTA energy. KNTC energy is he resul of fluid in moion (velociy). PRSSUR energy is he laeral force exered by moving fluid on he walls of is conainer. One of he aws of Thermodynamics saes ha he energy a any poin in a fluid sream is he same hrough he sream where energy = elociy or Kineic nergy x aeral Pressure nergy. As a ube narrows, he velociy will NCRAS and he laeral pressure will DCRAS.
KK.. This Bernoulli ffec will allow for fluid NTRANMNT a he poin of narrowing. nrainmen wih an air injecor is dependen on he size of he 1. JT ORFC OPNNG. AR NTRANMNT PORT MM. Clinical examples of Respiraory Therapy equipmen ha uses his heory are 1. AR-NTRANMNT MASKS. AR-NTRANMNT NBUZRS NN. OO. PP. A clinical example of Respiraory Therapy equipmen ha uses he Bernoulli ffec is AR-NTRANMNT NBUZRS. Pressure pas he narrowing poin can be almos compleely resored if he angle of he ube dilaion does no exceed 15 degrees. A smaller je or larger enrainmen por will allow GRATR air enrainmen.