STOMATOPOD CRUSTACEANS FROM PHUKET AND THE ANDAMAN SEA ABSTRACT

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 281 STOMATOPOD CRUSTACEANS FROM PHUKET AND THE ANDAMAN SEA Shane T. Ahyong 1 and Phaibul Naiyanetr 2 1 Department of Marine Invertebrates, Australian Museum, 6 College St, Sydney, New South Wales 2000, Australia 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand ABSTRACT The Stomatopoda of Phuket, Thailand, is surveyed based on collections made principally by the Phuket Marine Biological Centre BIOSHELF Cruises. Forty-eight stomatopod species are recorded from Phuket. Twenty-eight species are new records for Phuket, including Carinosquilla spinosa sp. nov. Eleven species newly reported from Phuket are also new records for the Andaman Sea, an increase of 16%. Faughnia formosae, Gonodactylellus annularis, Oratosquillina manningi, Oratosquillina ornata, Levisquilla jurichi, Clorida gaillardi, Cloridina pelamidae, and Coronidopsis serenei are reported outside of the Pacific Ocean for the first time. Eighty-one stomatopod species in 11 families and five superfamilies are now known from the Andaman Sea, representing almost 60% of the Indian Ocean fauna. A checklist of the stomatopods of the Andaman Sea is given. INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the stomatopod fauna of the northern Andaman Sea is largely derived from the studies of Wood-Mason (1875), Kemp (1913), Kemp and Chopra (1921) and Tiwari and Biswas (1952), each of whom worked principally with collections now housed in the Zoological Survey of India. The stomatopod fauna of Phuket and surrounding Thai waters is known principally from a study made by Dingle et al. (1977), supplemented by Manning (1979), and Naiyanetr (1987, 1989, 1998). Dingle et al. (1977) reported 15 species from Phuket, comprising mostly coral-reef gonodactyloids. Additional species were reported from Phuket and the adjacent Andaman Sea by Manning (1979), and Naiyanetr (1987, 1989). To date, 20 species of stomatopod have been recorded from Phuket. The present report is based primarily on collections made by the Phuket Marine Biological Centre BIOSHELF Cruises, supplemented by smaller collections made by various workers. These results more than double the known fauna from Phuket to a total of 48. The known stomatopod fauna of the Andaman Sea is increased to 81 species in 11 families and five superfamilies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Synonymies are restricted to the original citation, primary synonyms and references relevant to the Andaman Sea. All measurements are in millimetres (mm). Terminology and size descriptors generally follow Manning (1969b, 1977, 1978d) and Ahyong (1998). Total length (TL) is measured along the midline from the apex of the rostral plate to the apices of the submedian teeth of the telson. Carapace length (CL) is measured along the midline and excludes the rostral plate. Corneal index (CI) is given as 100CL divided by corneal width. Other abbreviations: antennule (A1), antenna (A2), abdominal somite (AS), maxilliped (MXP), median (MD), intermediate (IM), lateral (LT), marginal (MG), submedian (SM), thoracic somite (TS). Specimens are deposited in the Phuket Marine Biological Centre (PMBC); Australian Museum, Sydney (AM); Chulalongkorn University Museum

282 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea of Zoology (CUMZ); Queensland Museum, Brisbane (QM); Zoological Reference Collection, Raffles Museum, National University of Singapore (ZRC); National Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden (NNM); and National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. (USNM). TAXONOMY Eurysquilloidea Manning, 1977 Eurysquillidae Manning, 1977 Coronidopsis serenei (Moosa, 1973) Coronidopsis serenei Moosa, 1973: 2, 5, fig.1 [type locality: off Elat Bay, Tjut Island, Kai Islands, Indonesia, 5 40 S, 132 59 S, 70m]. Manning and Garcia, 1982: 595, figs. 1e, f, 2, 3. PMBC 16039, 1 female, TL 28 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. G2, 08 00 N, 098 10 E, SM, 63 m, muddy-sand, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.04.1996. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 28 mm. The specimen agrees well with the accounts of Moosa (1973) and Manning and Garcia (1982). As with specimens of Coronidopsis reported by Manning and Garcia (1982), the present specimen was taken on muddy-sand. Distribution Northern South China Sea, Indonesia, the Philippines and now the Andaman Sea. Manningia australiensis Manning, 1970 Manningia australiensis Manning, 1970: 78, fig. 1 [type locality: off Gillett Cay, Swain Reefs, Australia, 21 40 S, 152 15 E]. Manningia thorsoni Naiyanetr 1987: 239, figs. 2, 3; 1998: 122 [type locality: Airport Beach, Phuket]. Manningia vinogradovi Makarov, 1978: 183, fig. 4 [type locality: Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam, 20 11.5 N, 113 02 E]. NNM S1042, 1 male, TL 20 mm, Airport Beach, Phuket, 20 m, grab, coll. J. Hylleberg, 15.12.1980 (holotype of Manningia thorsoni Naiyanetr). Measurements Male (n = 1) TL 20 mm. Previously reported from Phuket by Naiyanetr (1987; 1998) as M. thorsoni. The holotype and paratype of M. thorsoni were both collected by grab at depths between 18 and 20 m. The paratype was collected from a substrate of clay, coarse sand to gravel (Naiyanetr, 1998). Distribution New Caledonia, Australia, Vietnam, and Phuket, Thailand. Gonodactyloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 Gonodactylidae Giesbrecht, 1910 Gonodactylaceus falcatus (Forskål, 1775) Cancer falcatus Forskål, 1775: 96 [type locality: Red Sea]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. mutatus Lanchester, 1903: 450 [type locality: Furnadu Velu, Miladummadulu Atoll, Maldive Islands, 6 00 N, 73 10 E]. Gonodactylus glaber var. rotundus Borradaile, 1907: 211 212, pl. 22: fig. 2 [type locality: Coetivy, Seychelle Islands, 7 08 S, 56 16 E, and Zanzibar, 6 10 S, 39 12 E]. Gonodactylus mutatus. Dingle et al., 1977: 14 15, fig. 8c, d. Manning, 1978a: 7 9, figs. 4, 5, 11. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44, 1998: 122.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 283 Dingle et al. (1977), Manning (1978a) and Naiyanetr (1998) reported G. falcatus (as G. mutatus) from Phuket. Dingle et al. (1977) reported the species from coral rubble habitats. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Phuket, the Gulf of Thailand, Vietnam and the central Pacific. Gonodactylaceus ternatensis (de Man, 1902) Gonodactylus glabrous var. ternatensis de Man, 1902: 914 [part, type locality: Ternate, Indonesia, 0 48 N, 127 20 E]. Gonodactylus ternatensis. Dingle et al., 1977: 14 15, fig. 8a, b. Manning, 1978a: 10 12, figs. 7, 8, 13. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44. Gonodactylaceus ternatensis. Naiyanetr, 1998: 122. Dingle et al. (1977) and Manning (1978a) reported G. ternatensis from live coral habitats at Phuket. Distribution Japan, Samoa, New Caledonia, the Philippines, and Vietnam to Phuket, Thailand. Gonodactylellus affinis (de Man, 1902) Gonodactylus chiragra var. affinis de Man, 1902: 912 [type locality: Ternate, Indonesia, 0 48 N, 127 20 E]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. confinis de Man, 1902: 912, pl. 27, fig. 66 [type locality: Ternate, Indonesia, 0 48 N, 127 20 E]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. segregatus a Lanchester, 1903: 448, pl. 23, fig. 6 [type localities: Goidu, Goifurfehendu Atoll, Maldives; Hulule, Male Atoll, Maldives; South Nilandu Atoll, Maldives; Minikoi, Laccadive Islands; Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. segregatus b Lanchester, 1903: 448, pl. 23, fig. 7 [type localities: North Male Atoll and South Nilandu Atoll, Maldives]. Gonodactylus affinis. Dingle et al., 1977: 15, 16, fig. 9d. Manning, 1978c: 2 4, fig. 1. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44. Gonodactylellus affinis. Naiyanetr, 1998: 122. PMBC 16040, 1 male, TL 26 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. E3, 08 32 N, 097 46 E, TD, 79 m, sand with shell fragments, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16041, 1 male, TL 26 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07 44 N, 098 17 E, TD, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16042, 3 males, TL 11 19 mm, 4 females, TL 9 19 mm, 1 male postlarva, TL 8 mm, 2 female postlarvae, TL 7 8 mm, Racha Noi Island, 20 m, coral rubble, coll. K. Larsen, 14.12.1998; PMBC 16043, 2 males, TL 12 26 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. E4, 08 30 N, 097 33 E, TD, 74 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.04.1996; AM P60571, 2 males, TL 22 26 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996. Measurements Males (n = 9) TL 11 26 mm, female (n = 4) TL 9 26 mm, male postlarva (n = 1) TL 8 mm, female postlarvae (n = 2) TL 7 8 mm. Previously reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977), and Naiyanetr (1998). Specimens were collected from sand, shell and coral rubble habitats at depths between 20 and 79 m. Distribution Western Pacific Ocean to the Philippines, the South China Sea, Vietnam and Thailand (Manning, 1995). Gonodactylellus annularis Erdmann and Manning, 1998 Gonodactylellus annularis Erdmann and Manning, 1998: 617 618, fig. 1b [type locality: Kapoposang, Spermonde, Indonesia].

284 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea PMBC 16044, 3 males, TL 9 12 mm, 2 females, TL 8 mm, Racha Noi Island, 20 m, coral rubble, coll. K. Larsen, 14.12.1998; AM P60570, 1 male, TL 13 mm, Racha Noi Island, 20 m, coral rubble, coll. K. Larsen, 14.12.1998 Measurements Males (n = 4) TL 9 13 mm, female (n = 2) TL 8 mm. The specimens agree well with the type description (Erdmann and Manning 1998) and represent the first record of the species from the Indian Ocean. As with type series of G. annularis, the present specimens were collected from coral rubble. Distribution Indonesia and now the Andaman Sea. Gonodactylinus viridis (Serène, 1954) Gonodactylus chiragra var. viridis Serène, 1954: 6, 7, 10, 74 76, 87, fig. 13 3 [type locality: Cauda Bay, Vietnam]. Gonodactylus viridis. Dingle et al., 1977: 16 17, fig. 9a c. Manning, 1978c: 4, fig. 2a c. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44. Gonodactylinus viridis. Naiyanetr, 1998: 123. CUMZ (unregistered), 3 males, TL 32 42 mm, Naiyang Beach, Phuket, coll. P. Naiyanetr, 21.04.1966; USNM (unregistered), 3 males, TL 22 41 mm, 2 females, TL 33 42 mm, Phuket, 0 1.5 m, in shale and coral, coll. R. Caldwell, Aug 1973. Measurements Males (n = 3) TL 32 42 mm. Dingle et al. (1977) and Manning (1978c) reported G. viridis from Phuket. Gonodactylinus viridis is common amongst rubble on coral and rocky reef flats. Distribution Japan, New Caledonia, the Philippines, and Vietnam to Phuket, Thailand. Gonodactylus chiragra (Fabricius, 1781) Squilla chiragra Fabricius, 1781: 515 [type locality: restricted to Ambon, Indonesia, 3 43 S, 128 12 E, by neotype selection (Manning, 1981a: 217)]. Gonodactylus chiragra. de Man, 1888b: 299 [part]. Kemp, 1913: 4, 11, 147, 155, fig. 2, pl. 9, fig. 107 [part]. Dingle et al., 1977: 17, fig. 10b, c, e. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43; 1998: 123. CUMZ (unregistered), 2 males, TL 55 63 mm, 1 female, TL 89 mm, Phuket Province, 23.04.1968; CUMZ (unregistered), 3 males, TL 78 81 mm, 1 female, TL 66 mm, Saku Bay, Phuket Province, coral, coll. P. Naiyanetr, 28.04.1968; CUMZ (unregistered), 1 male, TL 69 mm, 1 female, TL 62 mm, Hnai Island, Satun Province, coll. Dumri and Watanachai, 16.01.1966; ZRC 1999.2079, 1 male, TL 88 mm, 2 females, TL 14 82 mm, Phuket, coral reef, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1998; USNM 150798, 4 males, TL 20 81 mm, 3 females, TL 14 75 mm, Phuket, 0 1.5 m, in coral and shale, coll. R. Caldwell, Aug 1973. Measurements Males (n = 11) TL 20 88 mm, female (n = 8) TL 14 89 mm. The present specimens of G. chiragra were collected on reef flats from cavities in reef rock and amongst coral rubble, especially in the upper intertidal zone. The species was reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977). Distribution French Polynesia to Japan, Australia, and Indo-Malayan region to the western Indian Ocean.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 285 Gonodactylus platysoma (Wood-Mason, 1895) Gonodactylus platysoma Wood-Mason, 1895: 11, pl. 3, figs. 3 9 [type locality: restricted to Society Islands, 17 00 S, 150 00 W, by lectotype selection (Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 654)]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. tumidus Lanchester, 1903: 447, 456, pl. 23: fig. 1 [type locality: Minikoi, Laccadive Islands (= Lakshadweep), 8 17 S, 73 02 E]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. acutus Lanchester, 1903: 447, 456, pl. 23: fig. 3 [type locality: Minikoi, Laccadive Islands (= Lakshadweep), 8 17 S, 73 02 E]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. platysoma. Kemp, 1913: 4, 11, 147, 162, fig. 1. Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 654. Gonodactylus platysoma. Dingle et al., 1977: 17, fig. 10a, d. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43; 1998: 123. Dingle et al. (1977) reported G. platysoma from Phuket amongst live intertidal coral. Distribution French Polynesia to Okinawa and Australia to the western Indian Ocean. Gonodactylus smithii Pocock, 1893 Gonodactylus Smithii Pocock, 1893: 475, pl. 20B [type locality: Arafura Sea]. Gonodactylus chiragra var. anancyrus Borradaile, 1900: 395, 397, 401 [type localities: Talili Bay (4 12 S, 152 08 E), New Britain and Lifu (20 53 S, 167 13 E), Loyalty Islands]. Gonodactylus smithii. Dingle et al., 1977: 19, fig. 11. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Gonodactylus minikoiensis Ghosh, 1990: 201, 202, fig. 1 [type locality: Minikoi, 8 17 S, Lakshadweep, 73 02 E]. Gonodactylus arabica Ghosh, 1990: 201, 205, figs. 2, 3e [type locality: Kavaratti, Lakshadweep, 10 33 N, 72 38 E]. CUMZ (unregistered), 1 female, TL 60 mm, Sak Island, Andaman Sea, from coral, coll. Surapol Sudara, 15.02.1963. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 60 mm. Gonodactylus smithii commonly occurs intertidally amongst live corals and rubble, and was reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977). Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Vietnam, Australia, New Caledonia and Okinawa (Manning, 1995). Odontodactylidae Manning, 1980 Odontodactylus japonicus (de Haan, 1844) Gonodactylus japonicus de Haan, 1844, pl. 51: fig. 7 [type locality: Japan]; 1849: 255 [text]. Miers, 1880: 116. Gonodactylus Edwardsii Berthold, 1845: 48. Odontodactylus japonicus. Manning, 1965: 260; 1967: 7 10, fig. 2. PMBC 16045, 1 male, TL 90 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16046, 1 male, TL 148 mm, 1 female, broken, CL 27.75 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; QM25564, 1 male, TL 135 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; ZRC 2001.1116, 1 female, TL 124 mm, Phuket fishing port, Andaman Sea, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998; AM P58289, 1 male, TL 117 mm, Andaman Sea off Pichai, Phuket, fishing port, trawled, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1999. Measurements Male (n = 4) TL 90 148 mm, female (n = 1) TL 124 mm.

286 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea The precise habitat of O. japonicus from Phuket is not known, but all specimens were trawled on soft, sandy-mud substrates at depths of 30 40 m. Distribution Japan, Australia, the Western Indian Ocean and now from Phuket, Thailand. Odontodactylus scyllarus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cancer Scyllarus Linnaeus, 1758: 633 [type locality: Indonesia]. Gonodactylus Bleekeri A. Milne Edwards, 1868: 65, footnote [type locality: Batavia, Indonesia (= Jakarta, 6 10 S, 106 48 E)]. Gonodactylus elegans Miers, 1884: 566, 575, pl. 52: fig. b [type localities: Providence Island (9 14 S, 51 02 E) and Providence Reef (9 23 S, 51 03 E), Seychelles]. Odontodactylus scyllarus. Manning, 1967: 10 15, fig. 3. Dingle et al., 1977: 12 13, fig. 6c e. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44; 1998: 123. Previously reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977). Distribution Western Indian Ocean to the central Pacific. Raoulius cultrifer (White, 1851) Gonodactylus cultrifer White, 1851: 96, pl. 16: figs. 1, 2 [type locality: China]. Gonodactylus carinifer Pocock, 1893: 478, pl. 20B, fig. 4 [type locality: Holothuria Bank, 13 25 S, 126 00 E]. Odontodactylus cultrifer. Manning, 1967: 18 22, fig. 5. Odontodactylus mindanaoensis Roxas and Estampador, 1930: 94, 115, pl. 4: figs. 1 3 [type locality: Cotabato, Mindanao, Philippines, 7 13 S, 124 15 E]. Odontodactylus cultrifer var. tridentata Serène, 1954: 6, 7, 8, 72, pl. 6: figs. 7, 8 [type locality: Nhatrang Bay, Vietnam]. PMBC 19047, 1 male, TL 100 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., 08.12.1998; ZRC 2001.1118, 1 male, TL 79 mm, Pichai fishing port, Phuket, coll. P. Ng, Apr 1999; ZRC 2001.1117, 1 male, TL 105 mm, Pichai fishing port, Phuket, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998; ZRC 1999.2088, 2 males, TL 98 mm; 1 broken, CL 21 mm, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. P. Ng, 24.09.1999; AM P58290, 3 males, TL 90 104 mm, Andaman Sea off Pichai, Phuket, fishing port, trawled, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.12.1999. Measurements Males (n = 8) TL 79 105 mm. Like O. japonicus, R. cultrifer was trawled on soft, sandy-mud substrates. Distribution Reported from Japan, to Australia and Vietnam (Manning, 1995), the Gulf of Thailand (Naiyanetr, 1980; 1998), southern Malacca Strait (Kemp and Chopra, 1921), and now from Phuket. Protosquillidae Manning, 1980 Haptosquilla glyptocercus (Wood-Mason, 1875) Gonodactylus glyptocercus Wood-Mason, 1875: 232 [type locality: Nicobar Islands, 8 00 N, 93 30 E]. Kemp, 1913: 186 187: 11. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 311. Tiwari and Biswas, 1952: 362. Protosquilla cerebralis Brooks, 1886b: 22, 72, pl. 14: figs. 2, 3, pl. 16: figs. 2, 3 [type locality: Levuka, Fiji, 17 42 S, 178 50 E]. Haptosquilla glyptocercus. Manning, 1969c: 161. Dingle et al., 1977: 13, fig. 7. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44; 1998: 123.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 287 AM P58293, 1 female, TL 25 mm, Kalim Beach, Patong, Phuket, coral reef, from hole in reef rock, low tide, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 26.12.1999. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 25 mm. Previously reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977). The present specimen was collected from a cavity in intertidal reef rock. Distribution Andaman Sea to Japan, Vietnam, the Philippines, New Caledonia, the Marshall Islands, Fiji and Australia. Haptosquilla tuberosa (Pocock, 1893) Gonodactylus tuberosus Pocock, 1893: 476, pl. 20B, fig. 2 [type locality: Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea]. Gonodactylus nefandus Kemp, 1911: 93 [type localities: Andaman Islands, Cheduba, and Malacca Straits]; 1913: 179 180, pl. 10: figs. 119, 120. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 311. Chopra, 1934: 41 42. Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 654. Haptosquilla nefanda. Manning, 1969c: 162. PMBC 16048, 1 female, TL 22 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 22 mm. Distribution Philippines, Indonesia, Burma, Nicobar Islands, Andaman Sea and now from Phuket. Siamosquilla hyllebergi Naiyanetr, 1989 Siamosquilla hyllebergi Naiyanetr, 1989: fig. 1 [type locality: Similan Island, Andaman Sea, Phangnga Province, Thailand]; 1998: 123. Paratypes: ZRC 1999.0932, male, TL 16 mm, Similan Island, Thailand, 5 m, associated with corals, 14.02.1982; NNM S1098, male, TL 17 mm, Similan Island, Thailand, 5 m, associated with corals, 15.02.1981. Siamosquilla hyllebergi occupies pre-formed cavities amongst live corals. Measurements Males (n = 2) TL 16 17 mm. Distribution Known only from the eastern Andaman Sea, Thailand. Pseudosquillidae Manning, 1977 Pseudosquilla Dana, 1852 Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787) Squilla ciliata Fabricius, 1787: 333 [type locality: Indian Ocean]. Squilla stylifera Lamarck, 1818: 189 [type locality: unknown]. Squilla quadrispinosa Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842: 362, pl. 5: fig 1 [type locality: Sandwich Islands (= Hawaii), 24 00 N, 167 00 E]. Pseudosquilla ciliata var. occidentalis Borradaile, 1900: 398, 402 [type locality: West Indies]. Pseudosquilla ciliata. Kemp, 1913: 10, 96 100. Chopra, 1934: 39. Dingle et al., 1977: 12, fig. 6a, b. Naiyanetr, 1980: 44; 1998: 124. CUMZ (unregistered), 2 females, TL 70 71 mm, Phuket Province, coral, coll. S. Sudara, 10.03.1963.

288 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Measurements Female (n = 2) TL 70 71 mm. Pseudosquilla ciliata was reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977) and Naiyanetr (1998). The species is common amongst rubble and seagrass on intertidal reef flats. Distribution All tropical oceans except the Eastern Pacific. Lysiosquilloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 Lysiosquillidae Giesbrecht, 1910 Lysiosquilla tredecimdentata Holthuis, 1941 Lysiosquilla maculata. Kemp, 1913: 115, pl. VIII: figs. 86 91 [part, not Lysiosquilla maculata (Fabricius, 1793)]. Lysiosquilla maculata var. tredecimdentata Holthuis, 1941: 273 274, fig. 6 [type locality: Hedjaff, near Aden]. Lysiosquilla tredecimdentata. Dingle et al., 1977: 8, fig. 4c e, h. Manning, 1978b: 3, 13, 15, fig. 13; 1995: 132 133, pl. 24, figs. 68b, 69c, f. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42; 1998: 124. ZRC 2001.1119, 1 female, TL 154 mm, Pichai fishing port, Phuket, coll. P. Ng, Apr 1999. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 154 mm. The single specimen agrees well with published accounts (Holthuis, 1941; Manning, 1978b; 1995). The dactyli of the raptorial claws each bear ten teeth and a low tubercle is present on the uropodal protopod adjacent to the endopod articulation. The present specimen was trawled on sandy-mud but Dingle et al. (1977) also reported the species from deep burrows on intertidal reef flats. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to India, Thailand, and Vietnam (Manning, 1995). Nannosquillidae Manning, 1980 Acanthosquilla phalangium (Fabricius, 1798) Squilla phalangium Fabricius, 1798: 416 [type locality: Bombay India, by neotype selection (Holthuis, 2000)]. Holthuis, 2000: 14 16, figs. 1, 2. Coronis acanthocarpus Claus, 1871: 129 [type locality: Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia, 11 10 S, 132 08 E]. Lysiosquilla acanthocarpus Miers, 1880: 3, 11, pl. 1: figs. 7 9 [type locality: Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia, 11 10 S, 132 08 E]. Kemp, 1913: 4, 11, 120 122. Acanthosquilla sarasinorum Müller, 1886: 471, 478, pl. 4: fig. 3 [type locality: Trincomali, Ceylon, 8 34 N, 81 14 E]. Acanthosquilla phalangium. Holthuis, 2000: 16, figs. 1, 2. CUMZ (unregistered), 1 male, TL 36 mm, Naiyang Beach, Phuket, 21.04.1966. Measurements Male (n = 1) TL 36 mm. The single specimen bears seven teeth on the dactylus of both raptorial claws, although the usual number is five or six (Kemp, 1913). Acanthosquilla phalangium is common on intertidal sandflats where it constructs deep, U-shaped burrows. Dingle et al. (1977) speculated that A. phalangium (as A. acanthocarpus) may occur in Phuket, and the present record confirms their suspicion. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to the western Pacific including northern Australia. A new record for Phuket.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 289 Acanthosquilla multifasciata (Wood-Mason, 1895) Lysiosquilla multifasciata Wood-Mason, 1895: 11 12, figs. 22 24 [type locality: Bombay, India]. Acanthosquilla multifasciata. Dingle et al., 1977: 6, 8, fig. 4a, b. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42; 1998: 124. Dingle et al. (1977) reported A. multifasciata from Phuket burrowing in intertidal mudflats in the ouflows from mangrove streams. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Australia and the western Pacific. Acanthosquilla tigrina (Nobili, 1903) Lysiosquilla tigrina Nobili, 1903: 28 [type locality: Santubong, Borneo]. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42. CUMZ (unregistered), 1 male, TL 30 mm, 1 female, TL 43 mm, Naiyang Beach, Phuket, 21.04.1966; ZRC 1999.2346, 1 male, TL 42 mm, Naiyang Beach, Phuket, 21.04.1966. Measurements Male (n = 2) TL 30 42 mm, female (n = 1) TL 43 mm. The specimens agree well with Kemp s (1913) account and figures of the holotype of A. tigrina. The number of posterior spines on the sternum varies from 7 10, and the number of teeth on the dactylus of the raptorial claws varies from 9 12. Like A. phalangium, A. tigrina was collected from intertidal sand flats. Distribution Borneo, the Gulf of Thailand and now from Phuket, Thailand. Parasquilloidea Manning, 1995 Parasquillidae Manning, 1995 Faughnia formosae Manning and Chan 1997 Faughnia formosae Manning and Chan, 1997: 546 551, figs. 1 4 [type locality: Taiwan]. PMBC 16049, 1 female, TL 54 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, trawled, sandy-mud, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., 08.12.1998. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 54 mm. The specimen agrees well with the type material in the USNM and differs only in having the telson carinae slightly more slender than in the holotype, a feature related to size. The presence of F. formosa in the Andaman Sea, previously known only from Japan and Taiwan, represents a significant range extension for the species. Distribution Japan, Taiwan, and for the first time from Phuket, Thailand. Squilloidea Latreille, 1802 Squillidae Latreille, 1802 Anchisquilla fasciata (de Haan, 1844) Squilla fasciata de Haan, 1844 (atlas): pl. 51, fig. 4 [type locality: Japan]; 1849 (text): 224. Kemp, 1913: 3, 10, 20, 34 36, pl.1, figs. 21 23. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42; 1998: 126. PMBC 16050, 1 male, TL 76 81 mm, Phuket, fishing port, trawled, sandy-mud, coll. P. Davie and P. Ng, Dec 1998.

290 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Measurements Male (n = 2) TL 76 81 mm. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Australia, Japan and New Caledonia. A new record for Phuket. Carinosquilla multicarinata (White, 1849) Squilla multicarinata White, 1849: 144, pl. 6, fig. 1 [type localities: Nagasaki Bay, Japan, and the Philippines]. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. PMBC 16051, 2 males, TL 64 70 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtongya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16052, 2 females, TL 71 80 mm, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, TD, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16053, 2 males, TL 64 66 mm, 2 females, TL 69 84 mm, Phuket, fishing port, trawled, 40 80 m, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, 08.12.1998; QM W25565, 1 male, TL 74 mm, 1 female, TL 65 mm, Phuket, fishing port, trawled, 40 80 m, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, 08.12.1998; ZRC 2001.1121, 1 male, TL 76 mm, Pichai fishing port, Phuket, coll. P. Ng, Apr 1999; ZRC 2001.1120, 2 males, TL 54 80 mm, 4 females, TL 75 85 mm, Phuket fishing pier, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998; ZRC 1999.2069, 1 female, TL 69 mm, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. P. Ng, 24.09.1999; AM P58285, 1 male, TL 72 mm, 2 females, TL 67 76 mm, Andaman Sea off Pichai, Phuket, fishing port, trawled, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.11.1999. Measurements Male (n = 9) TL 54 80 mm, female (n = 12) TL 67 101 mm. Distribution Japan to southern India, the Philippines, Thailand and Burma. Reported for the first time from Phuket. Carinosquilla spinosa sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Squilla carinata. Ingle, 1963: 17 18, figs. 6 8, 10 12, 67. Manning, 1968: 21 23, fig. 6. Squilla multicarinata. Dollfus, 1938: 196, fig. 7 [not Squilla multicarinata White, 1849]. Carinosquilla carinata. Tirmizi and Manning, 1968: 4. Moosa and Cleva, 1984: [not C. carinata (Serène, 1950)]. Holotype: PMBC 16054, male, TL 94 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Paratypes: All paratypes Andaman Sea, Phuket, Thailand. PMBC 16055, 2 males, TL 68 82 mm, 6 females, TL 57 84 mm, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; ZRC 2001.1122, 1 female, TL 102 mm, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; AM P58294, 1 male, TL 86 mm, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; AM P58286, 1 male, broken; CL 20.4 mm, 1 female, TL 95 mm, Pichai fishing port, trawled, 30 40 m, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.11.1999; AM P58287, 1 male, TL 82 mm, Pichai fishing port, trawled, 30 40 m, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1999; ZRC 2001.1123, 1 male, TL 94 mm, Pichai fishing port, coll. P. Ng, Apr 1999; ZRC 2001.1124, 1 male, TL 111 mm, Pichai fishing port, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998. Diagnosis Eyestalk with short, irregular carinae. Ocular scales with bifurcate apices. Rostral plate with long, distinct, MD carina and LT carinae, and several short intervening carinae or elongate tubercles. Carapace with anterior bifurcation of MD carina opening anterior to dorsal pit. Mandibular palp 3- segmented. Raptorial claw dactylus with 6 teeth; merus outer face with longitudinal carina or irregular vermiform sculpture. TS5 dorsal carinae longitudinal or reticulate. TS6 8 and AS1 4 each

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 291 with posterior margin between SM carinae armed with 3 or more spines; carinae of normal complement armed posteriorly as follows: SM 1 6, IM 1 6, LT 1 6, MG 1 5. Telson dorsolateral surface numerous supplementary longitudinal carinae, interrupted proximally. Uropodal protopod inner margin with serrations or short spines. Figure 1 Carinosquilla spinosa sp. nov. Holotype male TL 94 mm (PMBC16054). A, anterior cephalon, dorsal; B, ocular scale, right dorsal; C, A1 somite dorsal process, right lateral; D, carapace, posteromedian; E, raptorial claw, right lateral; F, TS5 8, right dorsal; G, TS5, right lateral; H, TS8 sternal keel, right lateral; I, AS4 6, telson and uropod, dorsal; J, AS6 and telson, ventral; K, uropod, right ventral; L, PLP 1 endopod, right anterior. Scale: A K = 5 mm, L = 2.5 mm.

292 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Description Eyestalk with short, irregular carinae; CI 418 477. Ocular scales bifurcate. A1 peduncle 1.01 1.15CL. A1 somite dorsal processes with acute apices, directed anterolaterally. A2 scale length 0.70 0.83CL. Rostral plate with length and breadth subequal, but appearing elongate; margins convergent; apex rounded to subtruncate; with long, distinct, MD carina and lateral carinae, and short, elongate tubercle lateral to MD carina. Carapace anterior width 0.39 0.43CL; anterior bifurcation of MD carina opening anterior to dorsal pit. Raptorial claw dactylus with 6 teeth; merus with longitudinal carina or irregular sculpture on outer face. Mandibular palp 3-segmented. MXP1 4 each with epipod. TS6 lateral process with anterior lobe broad, quadrate, apex truncate; posterior lobe broad, triangular; anterior margin straight to sinuous; apex blunt. TS7 lateral process anterior lobe triangular, apex blunt; posterior lobe broad, triangular, anterior margin straight to sinuous; apex blunt. TS8 anterolateral margin triangular, apex blunt; sternal keel rounded. TS5 dorsal carinae longitudinal or reticulate. TS6 8 and AS1 4 each with 3 or more spines on posterior margin between SM carinae. AS5 with up to 3 posterior spines between SM carinae; with spine adjacent to SM spine; carinae of normal complement armed posteriorly as follows: SM 1 6, IM 1 6, LT 1 6, MG 1 5. AS6 SM carinae tricarinate; laterally and medially with short, irregular carinae and tubercles; sternum with continuous transverse proximal carina, short median and numerous, irregular transverse carinae and tubercles lateral to MD carina; with ventrolateral spine anterior to uropodal articulation. Telson with length and breadth subequal; prelateral lobe longer than margin of LT tooth, with spiniform apex; dorsolateral surface numerous supplementary longitudinal carinae, interrupted proximally; denticles SM 3 5, IM 7 10, LT 2. Uropodal protopod outer margin smooth; inner margin with 12 19 serrations or short spines; with minute ventral tubercle anterior to endopod articulation; protopod terminal spines with lobe on outer margin of inner spine rounded, narrower than adjacent spine, proximal margin concave. Exopod proximal segment outer margin with 10 12 movable spines, distalmost not exceeding midlength of distal segment; distal margin 2 ventral spines, outer longest. Exopod distal segment black entirely or on proximal 3/4; length subequal to or shorter than proximal segment; dorsally and ventrally carinate. Endopod dorsally and ventrally carinate. Colour in life Overall pale grey-brown with dark brown grooves on carapace and posterior margin of thoracic and abdominal somites. Primary teeth of telson with red apices. Terminal spines of uropodal protopod and outer spines of uropodal exopod red. Distal portion of proximal segment of uropodal exopod and central proximal third of distal segment black. Uropodal endopod apex black. Measurements Male (n = 8) TL 68 111 mm, female (n = 7) TL 57 102 mm. Other measurements of holotype: CL 20.8 mm, anterior carapace width 8.4 mm, CW 4.5 mm, A1 peduncle 21.7 mm, A2 scale 16.3 mm. Carinosquilla spinosa sp. nov. closely resembles C. carinata, in the carinate eyestalks, colouration and general habitus, but differs in the spination of the thoracic and abdominal somites. In C. carinata, the posterior margin between the submedian carinae of AS1 5 is smooth or crenulate, or rarely has 1 or 2 small spinules on AS4 5 based on examination of type material (USNM) and specimens in other collections (ZRC, CUMZ). In C. spinosa, however, the posterior margins between the submedian carinae of TS6 8 and AS1 4 are lined with spines, as well as often having 1 or 2 spines lateral to the spines of each submedian carina of the abdomen. The type series of C. spinosa shows little variation except in typically size-related, meristic and morphometric features such as the relative size of the eyes (decreasing with increasing size) and number of spines on the inner margin of the uropodal protopod (increasing with increasing size).

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 293 Carinosquilla spinosa is presently known only from the Indian Ocean and all previous reports of C. carinata from the Indian Ocean are referable to the present new species. Carinosquilla carinata appears to be restricted to the South China Sea. Thus, the ranges of C. carinata and C. spinosa are apparently discrete, but conceivably could overlap in the Malacca Strait. Although Moosa (1991) reported C. carinata from New Caledonia (and in doing so synonymized C. thailandensis Naiyanetr, 1983, with the latter), his material is composite and referable to one or more additional undescribed species of Carinosquilla (Ahyong, in press). Moreover, C. thailandensis is itself a distinct species (Naiyanetr et al., 2000). All specimens of C. spinosa were trawled on sandymud substrates at depths of 30 40 m. Distribution Indian Ocean, from Madagascar and the Red Sea to Phuket, Andaman Sea. Clorida albolitura Ahyong and Naiyanetr, 2000 Clorida albolitura Ahyong and Naiyanetr, 2000: 317-320, fig. 2 [type locality: Ang Sila, Gulf of Thailand]. PMBC 16056, 1 female, TL 28 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. B2, 09 15 N, 097 54 E, TD, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16057, 1 female, TL 13 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. K 20 m, 07 00 N, 099 24 E, BC, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; ZRC 1999.2194, 1 female, TL 45 mm, Phuket, Thai Danish Expedition. Measurements Female (n = 3) TL 13 45 mm. The present species was previously reported as C. latreillei Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842 (e.g. Ingle, 1963; Manning, 1991; 1995), and is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific ranging from the Western Indian Ocean to Phuket, Vietnam, and several localities in the western Pacific. Clorida gaillardi Moosa, 1986 Clorida gaillardi Moosa, 1986: 396 399, fig. 9 [type locality: Philippines]. AM P57961, 1 male, TL 50 mm, Phuket, Thai Danish Expedition; CUMZ (unregistered), 1 female, TL 62 mm, Phuket, Thai Danish Expedition; ZRC 1999.2195, 1 male, TL 49 mm, Phuket, Thai Danish Expedition. Measurements Males (n = 2) TL 40 50 mm, female (n = 1) TL 62 mm. The series of C. gaillardi agrees well the type material in the MNHN, differing only in showing more variation in the degree of spination on the abdominal carinae: SM 6, IM (2)3 6, LT (2)3 6, MG 2 6. Distribution New Caledonia, the Philippines and for the first time from Phuket. Clorida rotundicauda (Miers, 1880) Cloridella rotundicauda Miers, 1880: 3, 15, pl. 2: figs. 5, 6 [type locality: Formosa (= Taiwan)]. Squilla choprai Tweedie, 1935: 49, pl. 1 [type locality: Singapore]. Clorida rotundicauda. Manning, 1979: 394 396, fig. 1. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42; 1998: 126. USNM 173098, 1 male, TL 81 mm, Nam Bor Bay, Phuket, coll. D. Frith, 24.06.1977; USNM 173099, 1 male, TL 73 mm, Nam Bor Bay, Phuket, coll. D. Frith, 24.06.1977. Measurements Males (n = 2) TL 73 81 mm. These specimens were reported by Manning (1979). Both specimens were collected from

294 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea intertidal mudflat burrows in association with mangroves. Distribution China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore and Phuket. Cloridina chlorida (Brooks, 1886) Squilla chlorida Brooks, 1886b: 21, 40, pl. 2, figs. 1 5 [type locality: Amboina, Indonesia, 3 43 S, 128 12 E, 27m]. Clorida chlorida. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Cloridina chlorida. Naiyanetr, 1998: 126. PMBC 16058, 1 female, TL 55 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. I2, 07 30 N, 098 30 E, OS, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16059, 1 male, TL 19 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. J1, 07 15 N, 099 04 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998. Measurements Male (n = 1) TL 19 mm, female (n = 1) TL 55 mm. The specimens agree well with published accounts (Brooks, 1886; Manning, 1968). The postanal carina is present in the 55 mm specimen but absent in the 19 mm specimen. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to the Gulf of Thailand, Vietnam and New Caledonia. A new record for Phuket. Cloridina ichneumon (Fabricius, 1798) Squilla ichneumon Fabricius, 1798: 416 [type locality: Bombay India, by neotype selection (Holthuis, 2000)]. Holthuis, 2000: 16 17, fig. 3. Squilla microphthalma H. Milne-Edwards, 1837: 523 [type locality: coast of India]. Clorida microphthalma. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Cloridina ichneumon. Holthuis, 2000: 17, fig. 1. ZRC 2001.1125, 1 female, TL 43 mm, Phuket fishing pier, Andaman Sea, trawled, sandy-mud, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998. Measurements Female (n = 1) TL 43 mm. The specimen agrees well with published accounts (e.g. Kemp, 1913; Tirmizi and Manning, 1968; Holthuis, 2000). Distribution Vietnam, New Caledonia to Gulf of Thailand and the Western Indian Ocean. A new record for Phuket. Cloridina pelamidae (Blumstein, 1970) Clorida pelamidae Blumstein, 1970: 220, figs. 2, 3 [type locality: Gulf of Tonkin, 20 20 N, 106 47 E]. Clorida thailandica Naiyanetr, 1980: 38, pl. 35 [type locality, Sichang Island, Chonburi Province, Thailand]. PMBC 16060, 1 male, broken; CL 13.8 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB8, 07 44 N, 098 51 E, TD, 22 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; ZRC 2001.1128, 1 male, TL 47 mm, Phuket fishing pier, Andaman Sea, Thailand, trawled, sandy-mud, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998. Measurements Males (n = 2) TL 47 mm. The specimens agree in most respects with published accounts. The 47 mm specimen bears five instead of four teeth on the dactylus of the raptorial claw. Both specimens in the present series were collected from sandy-mud substrates.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 295 Distribution Vietnam, the Gulf of Thailand, and now from Phuket. Cloridina verrucosa (Hansen, 1926) Squilla microphthalma. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 299 [part, not S. microphthalma H. Milne- Edwards, 1837]. Squilla verrucosa Hansen, 1926: 3, pl. 1: figs. 1a d [type locality: Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, 8 27 S, 122 54.5 E, by lectotype selection (Manning, 1976c)]. Squilla microphthalma. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 299 300 [Mergui Archipelago specimen, not S. microphthalma H. Milne-Edwards, 1837]. Squilla merguiensis Tiwari and Biswas, 1952: 350, fig. 1a [type locality: 6.4 km N of Kabusa Island, Mergui Archipelago, Andaman Sea]. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 658. Cloridina verrucosa. Naiyanetr, 1998: 126. PMBC 16061, 1 male, TL 21 mm, BIOSHELF St. G2, 08 00 N, 098 10 E, OS, 63 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.04.1996; PMBC 16062, 1 female, TL 12 mm, between Rocha Yai Island and Kaew Noi Island, 60 m, coll. G. Dineson, 27.11.1997; PMBC 16063, 1 female, TL 27 mm, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07 15 N, 98 51 E, OS, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996; PMBC 16064, 1 female, TL 13 mm, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06 45 N, 099 21 E, OS, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16065, 1 female, broken; CL 3.6 mm, BIOSHELF St. B1, 09 14 N, 098 00 E, OS, 45 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya,17.02.1998; PMBC 16066, 1 female, TL 14 mm, BIOSHELF St. I2, 07 30 N, 098 29 E, OS, 60 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16067, 1 male, TL 11 mm, 1 female, TL 11 mm, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07 00 N, 099 24 E, OS, 45 m, mud and shell fragments, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16068, 1 female postlarva, TL 10 mm, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06 46 N, 099 21 E, OS, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16069, 1 female, TL 13 mm, BIOSHELF St. I2, 07 30 N, 098 30 E, OS, 59 m, sandy mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16070, 1 female, TL 25 mm, Andaman Sea, BIOSHELF St. H2, 07º46 N, 098º16 E, OS, 40 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16071, 2 males, TL 15 19 mm, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07 45 N, 098 16 E, OS, 31 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16072, 2 males, TL 14 16 mm, 1 female, TL 14 mm, BIOSHELF St. J1, 07 15 N, 099 04 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; AM P60572, 2 males, TL 23 25 mm, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07 00 N, 099 16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; AM P60574, 3 males, TL 12 13 mm, BIOSHELF St. L2, 06 44 N, 099 05 E, OS, 56 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 05.05.1996. Measurements Male (n = 11) TL 11 25 mm, female (n = 9) TL 11 27 mm, female postlarva (n = 1) TL 10 mm. The adults in the present series of C. verrucosa agree well with published accounts (Hansen, 1926; Manning, 1976). In the postlarva and 11 mm juveniles, the mandibular palp is undeveloped. Additionally, the anterolateral margins of the carapace are angular, but unarmed in the postlarva. Cloridina verrucosa was taken on sandy-mud or mud with shell fragments at depths of 21 60 m. Distribution Indonesia, the Philippines, New Caledonia, Vietnam, the Mergui Archipelago, and now from Phuket. Cloridopsis bengalensis (Tiwari and Biswas, 1952) Squilla bengalensis Tiwari and Biswas, 1952: 352, fig. 1b, c [type locality: Bay of Bengal]. Cloridopsis bengalensis. Manning, 1979: 396 397. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42; 1998: 126.

296 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea USNM 173097, 1 male, TL 106 mm, Nam Bor Bay, Phuket, Thailand, mangrove mud, coll. D. Frith, 24.06.1977. Measurements Male (n = 1) TL 106 mm. The present specimen was studied by Manning (1979). Distribution Bay of Bengal, India to Phuket, Thailand. Erugosquilla woodmasoni (Kemp, 1911) Squilla wood-masoni Kemp, 1911: 99; 1913: 74 76, pl. V: figs. 63 65 [type locality: Madras, India]. Oratosquilla tweediei Manning, 1971b: 11 14, fig. 4 [type locality: Singapore]. Oratosquilla jakartensis Moosa, 1975: 13 17, fig. 1 [type locality: Jakarta Bay, Indonesia]. Oratosquilla woodmasoni. Dingle et al., 1977: 10, fig. 5b d. Manning, 1978d: 36 39, figs. 21 22. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43; 1998: 126. PMBC 16073, 2 females, TL 109 130 mm, BIOSHELF St. A2, 09 30 N, 097 57 E, trawl, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 16074, 2 females, TL 118 120 mm, Phuket, trawl, 34 m, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16075, 3 males, TL 99 125 mm, 2 females, TL 66 129 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; PMBC 16076, 1 male, TL 115 mm, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; QM25566, 1 male, TL 104 mm, 1 female, TL 92 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; ZRC 2001.1126, 1 female, TL 84 mm, Phuket fishing pier, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998; ZRC 1999.2075, 1 male, TL 90 mm, 1 female, TL 120 mm, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. P. Ng, 24.08.1999; ZRC 2001.1127, 2 males, TL 108 123 mm, Pichai Phuket, fish port, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1999; AM P58283, 6 males, TL 102 105 mm, 1 female, TL 98 mm, Andaman Sea off Phuket, Pichai fishing port, trawled, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.11.1999. Measurements Male (n = 14) TL 99 125 mm, female (n = 10) TL 66 129 mm. Erugosquilla woodmasoni was reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977). The present specimens of E. woodmasoni exhibit morphological variation as described by Manning (1978d): the submedian carinae of AS4 may or may not be armed, and the lobe between the terminal spines of the uropodal protopod varies from low and rounded to pointed and angular. Around Phuket, Erugosquilla woodmasoni burrows in sandy-mud from the shoreline to a depth of at least 70 m. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Japan and Australia. Fallosquilla fallax (Bouvier, 1914) Squilla fallax Bouvier, 1914: 699 [type locality: Mauritius, 20 18 S, 57 35 E]. Squilla ambigua Hansen, 1926: 6, pl. 1: figs. 2a e [type locality: east of Dangar Besar, Saleh- Bay, Indonesia, 8 26 S, 117 40 E]. Clorida fallax. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Fallosquilla fallax. Naiyanetr, 1998: 127.?Levisquilla incerta. Naiyanetr, 1998: 127 [not Levisquilla incerta (Hansen, 1926)]. PMBC 16077, 1 female, TL 50 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16078, 1 female, TL 20 mm, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07 45 N, 098 41 E, box corer, 29 m, sand and shell fragments, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997;

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 297 PMBC 16079, 1 female postlarva, TL 14 mm, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09 00 N, 098 03 E, BC, 40 m, muddy-sand and shell fragments, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996. Measurements Female (n = 2) TL 20 50 mm, female postlarva (n = 1) TL 14 mm. The two larger specimens agree well with published accounts (e.g. Manning, 1968; 1995). The postlarva differs from juveniles and adults in bearing a low median carina on the carapace and lacks anterolateral spines on the carapace. Postlarval F. fallax superficially resemble Levisquilla incerta (Hansen, 1926) and species of Pontiosquilla Manning, 1995, all of which lack anterolateral spines on the carapace. Naiyanetr s (1998) record of L. incerta from the Andaman Sea is probably based on postlarval F. fallax; unfortunately, the specimen on which the record is based could not be located for restudy. Fallosquilla fallax was taken on muddy-sand with shell fragments at depths of 28.6 40.0 m. Distribution Indo-West Pacific from Mauritius and the Comoro Islands (Manning, 1968), the Red Sea (Holthuis, 1967), Indonesia (Hansen, 1926), Vietnam, to the Solomon Islands (Manning, 1995). Harpiosquilla annandalei (Kemp, 1911) Squilla annandalei Kemp, 1911: 99 [type locality: Gulf of Martaban, Burma, 14 48 N, 95 52 E]; 1913: 3, 10, 24, 92, pl. 7, figs. 78 80. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 307. Harpiosquilla annandalei. Manning, 1969a: 5 9, pl. 27, figs. 1 3. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42. PMBC 16080, 1 female, TL 98 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., 08.12.1998; PMBC 16081, 1 female, TL 21 mm, off Phuket, BIOSHELF St. L2, 06 44 N, 099 05 E, OS, 56 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 05.05.1996; AM P58281, 2 females, TL 103 107 mm, Andaman Sea off Phuket, Pichai fishing port, trawled, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.11.1999. Measurements Female (n = 4) TL 21 107 mm. The present specimens of H. annandalei agree well with published accounts (Kemp, 1913; Manning, 1969a; 1995). Diagnostic characters for H. annandalei are fully developed by 21 mm: the TS8 sternal keel is pointed and inclined posteriorly, the submedian carinae on AS5 are armed posteriorly, and the apices of the submedian teeth of the telson are fixed. Harpiosquilla annandalei was trawled on muddy-sand at depths of 40 80 m. Distribution Japan, Taiwan and the South China Sea, to the western Indian Ocean (Manning 1995). A new record for Phuket. Harpiosquilla harpax (de Haan, 1844) Squilla harpax de Haan, 1844 (atlas): pl. 51, fig.1 [type locality: Japan]; 1849: 222 (text). Tiwari and Biswas, 1952: 358, figs. 3b, d, f. Harpiosquilla harpax. Manning, 1969a: 6, 25 33, figs. 28 38; 1995: 148, 153 158, pl. 28, figs. 90a, 92b, 93, 95, 96. Naiyanetr, 1980: 42; 1998: 125. PMBC16082, 1 male, TL 173 mm, 4 females, TL 135 172 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; PMBC 16083, 1 female postlarva, TL 18 mm, BIOSHELF St. F1, 08 15 N, 098 10 E, OS, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16084, 1 male postlarva, TL 18 mm, BIOSHELF St. L2, 06 44 N, 099 04 E, TD, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 25.02.1998; PMBC 16085, 1 male postlarva, TL 17 mm, BIOSHELF St. I1, 07 29 N, 098 56 E, TD, 40 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; ZRC 1999.2080, 1 male,

298 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea TL 149 mm, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. P. Ng, 24.08.1999; AM P58280, 3 males, TL 107 129 mm, 5 females, TL 110 154 mm, Andaman Sea off Phuket, Pichai fishing port, trawled, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1999. Measurements Male (n = 5) TL 107 173 mm, female (n = 9) TL 110 172 mm, male postlarvae (n = 2) TL 17 18 mm, female postlarva (n = 1) TL 18 mm. Most specimens agree well with previous accounts (Tiwari and Biswas, 1952; Manning, 1969a; 1995). Variation is present in the relative lengths of the lateral carina of the telson, which varies from being less than one third to about half the length of the marginal carina. The 135 mm female, differs from typical H. harpax in lacking an anterior projection on the rostral plate; it otherwise agrees well with onter specimens and bears a lateral carina of the telson measuring about one third of the length of the marginal carina. The postlarval specimens bear a median carina on the rostral plate and movable apices of the submedian teeth of the telson, as in postlarval H. melanoura reported below. The present specimens of H. harpax were collected from soft substrates at depths of 39.6 59.0 m. Manning (1969a) reported a bathymetric range of 2 93 m for H. harpax. Distribution Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, from the western Indian Ocean to Japan and Australia. A new record for Phuket. Harpiosquilla melanoura Manning, 1968 Harpiosquilla melanoura Manning, 1968b: 14, 18 21, fig. 5 [type locality: Banc de Pracel, W coast of Madagascar 17 00 S, 43 30 E]; 1969a: 6, 21 25, figs. 18 27. PMBC 16086, 2 males, TL 60 71 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16087, 1 male, TL 42 mm, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09 30 N, 097 56 E, TD, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; AM P60566, 1 male, TL 140 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, coll. P. Ng et al., 08.12.1998. Measurements Male (n = 4) TL 42 140 mm. Most specimens agree well with published accounts (Manning, 1968; 1969a; 1995). The 42 mm juvenile male differs from the adults in bearing a low median carina on the rostral plate, 9 instead of 8 teeth on the dactylus of the raptorial claw, and movable instead of fixed submedian teeth on the telson. The present specimens were trawled at depths between 32 and 40 80 m. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Thailand, Vietnam and Australia. A new record for Phuket. Lenisquilla lata (Brooks, 1886) Squilla lata Brooks, 1886b: 21, 34 37, pl. 1: figs. 1 3 [type locality: Arafura Sea, 08 56 S, 136 05 E]. Kemp, 1913: 3, 10, 21, 37, pl. 2: fig. 24. Squilloides latus spinosus Blumstein, 1970: 223, figs. 4, 5 [type locality: Gulf of Tonkin, 17 48 N, 109 32 E]. Squilloides espinosus Blumstein, 1974: 121, fig. 7 [type locality: Gulf of Tonkin, 18 00 N, 109 32 E]. PMBC 16088, 1 female, TL 72mm, BIOSHELF St. T1, 07 02 N, 098 49 E, TD, 76 m, sandy mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; AM P60569, 1 female, TL 82mm, BIOSHELF St. T1, 07 02 N, 098 49 E, TD, 76 m, sandy mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 299 Measurements Female (n = 2) TL 72 82 mm. Both specimens were collected from sandymud at a depth of 76 m. Distribution Japan, New Caledonia, and Australia to the western Indian Ocean; for the first time from Thailand. Levisquilla jurichi (Makarov, 1979) Clorida jurichi Makarov, 1979: 40, fig.1 [type locality: Tonkin Bay, Vietnam, 21 13.5 N, 109 45.8 E]. PMBC 16089, 1 male, TL 14 mm, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09 30 N, 097 57 E, box corer, 43 m, sand with shell fragments, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 16090, 1 male, TL 17 mm, BIOSHELF St. K 20 m, 07 00 N, 099 24 E, box corer, 21 m, mud with shell fragments, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16091, 1 male, TL 13 mm, BIOSHELF St. E 20 m, 08 30 N, 098 12 E, box core, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996. Measurements Male (n = 3) TL 13 17 mm. The specimens agree well with published accounts (Makarov, 1979; Moosa, 1991). The petasma is well developed in the two larger specimens. The present series of L. jurichi were collected from mud or sand with shell fragments at depths of 20 43 m. Distribution Vietnam, New Caledonia and now from off Phuket. Miyakea nepa (Latreille, 1828) Squilla nepa Latreille, 1828: 471 [type localities: China, and Pondicherry, India]. de Man, 1888b: 295 296. Squilla Edwardsi Giebel, 1861: 320 [type locality: Insel Banka, Indonesia, 2 15 S, 106 00 E]. Oratosquilla nepa. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Miyakea nepa. Naiyanetr, 1998: 128. PMBC 16092, 1 male, TL 85 mm, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16093, 1 male, TL 77 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16094, 2 males, TL 81 88 mm, 3 females, TL 116 123 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998; AM P58284, 1 male, TL 110 mm, 2 females, TL 72 140 mm, Andaman Sea off Phuket, Pichai fishing port, trawled, 30 40 m, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.11.1999. Measurements Male (n = 5) TL 77 110 mm, female (n = 5) TL 72 140 mm. Miyakea nepa was trawled on sandy-mud at depths of 30 70 m. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to Thailand including Phuket, Vietnam, Taiwan, the Philippines, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, and Australia. Oratosquillina gonypetes (Kemp, 1911) Squilla gonypetes Kemp, 1911: 96 [type locality: restricted to vicinity of Cheduba Island, Burma, 18 48 N, 93 38 E, 13 m, by lectotype selection (Manning, 1978d)]; 1913: 3, 10, 22, 54, pl. 4, figs. 42 44 [part]. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 300 301.

300 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Oratosquilla gonypetes. Manning, 1978d: 7, 12 14, fig. 5. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Oratosquillina gonypetes. Naiyanetr, 1998: 128. PMBC 16095, 1 male, TL 23 mm, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07 44 N, 098 33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1996; PMBC 16096, 1 female, TL 23 mm, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09 00 N, 097 53 E, OS, 64 m, muddy-sand, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16097, 1 female, TL 16 mm, BIOSHELF St. C3, 09 00 N, 097 43 E, BC, 79 m, sandy-mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16098, 1 female, TL 15 mm, BIOSHELF St. I 20 m, 07 30 N, 099 01 E, BC, 21 m, mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16099, 1 male, TL 19 mm, BIOSHELF St. I1, 07 30 N, 098 55 E, OS, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16100, 1 female, TL 24 mm, BIOSHELF St. L1, 07 49 N, 099 21 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16101, 5 males, TL 38 63 mm, 9 females, TL 44 67 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; AM P60568, 3 males, TL 44 58 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Measurements Male (n = 10) TL 19 63 mm, female (n = 13) TL 16 67 mm. The present series agree well with Manning s (1978d) account of O. gonypetes. The apices of the dorsal processes of the antennular somite are acute, instead of rounded as mis-diagnosed by Manning (1995). Oratosquillina gonypetes was taken on mud or sand at depths of 20 79 m. Distribution Western Indian Ocean to the western Pacific. A new record for Phuket. Oratosquillina inornata (Tate, 1883) Squilla inornata Tate, 1883: 51, pl. 2 [type locality: Gulf of St. Vincent, South Australia, Australia]. Oratosquilla inornata. Dingle et al., 1977: 10, fig. 5e g. PMBC 16102, 1 male, TL 80 mm, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16103, 1 male, TL 82 mm, Phuket, fishing port, 40 80 m, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., 08.12.1998; AM P58279, 2 females, TL 94 95 mm, Andaman Sea off Phuket, Pichai fishing port, trawled, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1999. Measurements Male (n = 3) TL 23 82 mm, female (n = 2) TL 94 95 mm, male postlarva (n = 1) TL 16 mm. The 16 mm postlarva lacks anterolateral spines on the carapace and the outer inferodistal spine on the merus of the raptorial claw is relatively undeveloped. Oratosquillina inornata constructs burrows in mudflats from the intertidal zone to at least 70 m depth. The species was reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977). Distribution Australia and the eastern Indian Ocean, to Taiwan. Oratosquillina manningi Ahyong, Chan and Liao, 2000 Oratosquillina manningi Ahyong, Chan and Liao, 2000: 42 47, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Tai-Shi, Northeast Taiwan]. PMBC 16105, 1 male, TL 60 m, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; AM

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 301 P60567, 1 male, TL 71 mm, Andaman Sea, SW of Phuket, BIOSHELF St. PB7 6, 07 43 44 N, 098 36 40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Measurements Male (n = 2) TL 60 71 mm. The specimens agree well with type material. As with the type series of O. manningi, the present specimens were collected on a sandy-mud substrate, but at a shallower depth (32 m instead of 53 78 m). Distribution Taiwan, Australia and now the Andaman Sea. Oratosquillina ornata (Manning, 1971) Oratosquilla ornata Manning, 1971: 9, fig. 3 [type locality: Hong Kong, 21 53 N, 115 51 E]. Oratosquilla vietnamica Blumstein, 1974: 119, fig. 6 [type locality: Gulf of Tonkin, 18 00 N, 109 32 E]. PMBC 16106, 1 male, TL 24 mm, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07 15 N, 098 48 E, OS, 63 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16107, 1 female, TL 25 mm, BIOSHELF St. K2, 07 00 N, 099 04 E, OS, 53 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Measurements Male (n = 1) TL 24 mm, female (n = 1) TL 25 mm. The two juveniles agree in most respects with the type description of O. ornata (Manning, 1971). The petasma of the male is not fully developed, and the penes have not reached full length, but meet in the midline. The abdominal spination is as follows: SM 5 6, IM (2)4 6, LT (2)4 6, MG 1 5. Both specimens were taken on sandy-mud at depths of 53 63 m. Distribution South China Sea off Hong Kong, Vietnam and now from off Phuket, Thailand. Oratosquillina perpensa (Kemp, 1911) Squilla oratoria var. perpensa Kemp, 1911: 98 [part] [type locality: Hong Kong]; 1913: 70, pl. 5: figs. 57 59 [part]. Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 659. Oratosquilla perpensa. Manning, 1978d: 21 23, fig. 11. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Oratosquillina perpensa. Naiyanetr, 1998: 128. PMBC 16108, 6 males, TL 50 85 mm, 2 females, TL 84 87mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. S. Chaitiamvong et al., Dec 1998; PMBC 16109, 1 male, TL 84 mm, 1 female, TL 92 mm, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16110, 1 male, TL 24 mm, 1 female, TL 29 mm, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07 45 N, 098 16 E, OS, 31 m, mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; AM P58282, 2 males, TL 73 81 mm, 6 females, TL 80 90 mm, Andaman Sea off Phuket, Pichai fishing port, trawled, 30 40 m, sandy-mud, coll. S. and R. Ahyong, 24.12.1999; QM 25568, 1 male, TL 77 mm, 2 females, TL 81 82 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; USNM 143575, 1 male, TL 64 mm, 1 female, TL 63 mm, off Irrawaddy delta, Burma, 15 20 N, 94 55 E, 37 m, Investigator (paralectotypes of Squilla perpensa Kemp, 1911). Measurements Male (n = 12) TL 24 85 mm, female (n = 13) TL 29 92 mm. The present series from Phuket agrees well with the account given by Manning (1978d) and the paralectotypes from Burma, although the length of the rostral plate is variable. Oratosquillina perpensa was taken on sandy-mud at depths between 30 40 m and 70 m.

302 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Distribution Hong Kong, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, the Gulf of Thailand, Burma and now from Phuket. Oratosquillina quinquedentata (Brooks, 1886) Squilla quinquedentata Brooks, 1886: 21, 26, pl. 1: fig. 3, pl. 2: fig. 6 [type locality: Arafura Sea, 09 59 S, 139 42 E]. Kemp, 1913: 52. Oratosquilla quinquedentata. Dingle et al., 1977: 8, 10, fig. 5a. Naiyanetr, 1980: 43. Oratosquillina quinquedentata. Naiyanetr, 1998: 128. PMBC 16111, 1 male, TL 82 mm, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07 45 N, 097 58 E, BC, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16112, 3 females, TL 98 124 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; QM W25567, 1 male, TL 113 mm, Phuket, fishing port, coll. P. Ng and P. Davie, Dec 1998; ZRC 1999.2087, 1 male, TL 104 mm, 2 females, TL 95 114 mm, Andaman Sea, Thailand, coll. P. Ng, 24.08.1999; AM P58288, 1 male, TL 128 mm, Phuket, fish port, coll. P. Ng, Dec 1999. Measurements Male (n = 4) TL 82 128 mm, female (n = 5) TL 95 124 mm. Previously reported from Phuket by Dingle et al. (1977) from intertidal mudflats to a depth of 50 m. The present specimens were taken on sandy-mud to a depth of at least 70 m. Distribution The Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea to northern Australia. Oratosquillina subtilis (Manning, 1978) Oratosquilla subtilis Manning, 1978d: 33 34, fig. 19 [type locality: off Visakhapatnam coast, Madras, India]. Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 656. Oratosquillina subtilis. Manning, 1995: 225, 226. PMBC 16113, 1 male postlarva, TL 16 mm, between Hae Island and Maithon Island, BIO- SHELF St. NBD, 07 44 N, 098 24 E, OS, 40 m, coarse sand, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 09.12.1997; PMBC 16114, 1 male, TL 22 mm, 1 female, TL 20 mm, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07 45 N, 098 16 E, OS, 31 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996. Measurements Male (n = 2) TL 22 mm, female (n = 1) TL 20 mm, male postlarva (n = 1) TL 16 mm. The two larger specimens agree well with the type description (Manning, 1978d). The smallest specimen bears fewer armed abdominal carinae than adults (SM 6, IM 4 6, LT 4 6, MG 1 5) and the mandibular palp is present only as a short bud. The present specimens were collected from coarse sand or mud at depths of 31 40 m. Distribution New Caledonia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Burma to India (Manning, 1995). A new record for Thailand. Toshimitsu tiwarii (Blumstein, 1974)?Squilla costata. Kemp and Chopra, 1921: 303 [not Squilla costata de Haan]. Squilla sp. prox. costata. Tiwari and Biswas, 1952: 354, fig. 2. Lophosquilla tiwarii Blumstein, 1974: 123 124, fig. 8 [type locality: Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam, 20 20 N, 108 25 E]. Ghosh and Manning, 1988: 655. Toshimitsu tiwarii. Manning, 1995: 235 236, fig. 142. Naiyanetr, 1998: 128.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 303 PMBC 16115, 1 male, TL 21 mm, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06 45 N, 099 21 E, BC, 38 m, sandy-mud, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996. Measurements Male (n = 1) TL 21 mm. The single specimen was taken from sandymud at a depth of 38 m. Distribution Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia, Burma, and now Phuket. DISCUSSION Eighty-one species of stomatopods are now known from the Andaman Sea in 11 families and five superfamilies. Eleven species reported herein represent new records for the entire Andaman Sea. Forty-eight species of stomatopods are now known from Phuket, of which 26 are new records based on Naiyanetr (1998). Consequently, the results of this study increase the known stomatopod fauna of the Andaman Sea by 16% and that of Phuket by 118%. Eight species represented here are also new records for the Indian Ocean, namely Faughnia formosae, Gonodactylellus annularis, Oratosquillina manningi, O. ornata, Levisquilla jurichi, Clorida gaillardi, Cloridina pelamidae, and Coronidopsis serenei. Manning (1989) reported 132 species from the Indian Ocean. Since 1989, only four additional species have been described from the Indian Ocean (Manning, 1990a; 1990b; Ahyong, 1998). Hence, the stomatopod fauna of the Andaman Sea represents a substantial proportion of the known Indian Ocean fauna almost 60%. Most species reported herein were collected via trawling on soft substrates. Consequently, squilloids dominated samples. The largest proportion of new records for Phuket (20 of 28) are squilloids and these were collected by trawl or dredge. Relatively little collecting effort in coralreef environments around Phuket accounts for the smaller proportion of gonodactyloids collected. The large increase in the known fauna as the result the limited sampling conducted for present study suggests that the stomatopod fauna is not yet well characterized. Moreover, the fact that several species newly reported from the Indian Ocean also represent significant range extensions suggest that intermediate localities are also poorly sampled. Particular attention should be paid to the coralreef stomatopods which are generally smaller and more difficult to collect than species living on soft substrates. Checklist of Stomatopoda known from the Andaman Sea. The checklist below includes all stomatopod species known from the Andaman Sea. New records for Phuket are indicated *, and new records for both Phuket and the Andaman Sea are indicated**. Moosa (1986) synonymized Chorisquilla andamanica Manning, 1975, with C. excavata (Miers, 1880) based on similar telson morphology. Chorisquilla andamanica, however, is a distinct species and differs from C. excavata in lacking posterolateral spines on AS6. Naiyanetr s (1998) record of C. excavata from the Andaman Sea is based on C. andamanica. Mesacturoides brevisquamatus (Paulson, 1875) is included in the fauna of the Andaman Sea following Kemp (1913), but as noted by Manning (1962), the record is probably based on M. fimbriatus (Lenz, 1905).

304 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Eurysquilloidea Manning, 1977 Eurysquillidae Manning, 1977 Coronidopsis bicuspis Hansen, 1926. Andaman Sea (Manning and Garcia, 1982; Makarov, 1976; Naiyanetr, 1998). **Coronidopsis serenei (Moosa, 1973). Off Phuket (present record). Manningia andamanensis Ghosh, 1975. Aerial Bay, North Andaman Island, Andaman Sea (Ghosh, 1975; Ghosh and Manning, 1988). Manningia australiensis Manning, 1970. Phuket (Naiyanetr, 1983, 1998) as M. thorsoni Naiyanetr. Manningia pilaensis (de Man, 1888). Elphinstone Island, Mergui Archipelago (de Man, 1888b; Kemp, 1913). Gonodactyloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 Gonodactylidae Giesbrecht, 1910 Gonodactylaceus falcatus (Forskål, 1775). Kemp (1913); Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Gonodactylaceus ternatensis (de Man, 1902). Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Gonodactylellus affinis (de Man, 1902). Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Racha Noi Island, off Phuket (present record). **Gonodactylellus annularis Erdmann and Manning, 1998. Racha Noi Island, off Phuket (present record). Gonodactylinus viridis (Serène, 1954). Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Gonodactylus acutirostris de Man, 1898. Mergui Archipelago (de Man, 1898). Gonodactylus chiragra (Fabricius, 1781). Mergui Archipelago (de Man, 1888b); Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998, present record); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Hnai Island, Satun, Andaman Sea (present record). Gonodactylus platysoma Wood-Mason, 1895. Port Blair, Andaman Islands (Wood-Mason, 1895; Kemp, 1913); Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Gonodactylus smithii Pocock, 1893. Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Sak Island, Andaman Sea (present record). Odontodactylidae Manning, 1980 Odontodactylus brevirostris (Miers, 1884). Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913; Ghosh and Manning, 1988) **Odontodactylus japonicus (de Haan, 1844). Off Phuket (present record). Odontodactylus scyllarus (Linnaeus, 1758). Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). **Raoulius cultrifer (White, 1851). Off Phuket (present record). Protosquillidae Manning, 1980 Chorisquilla andamanica Manning, 1975. Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913; Manning, 1969c, 1975; Ghosh and Manning, 1988).

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 305 Chorisquilla gyrosa (Odhner, 1923). Brooksabad, Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913; Manning, 1969c). Chorisquilla spinosissima (Pfeffer, 1888). Port Blair, Andaman Islands (Kemp and Chopra, 1921). Haptosquilla glabra (Lenz, 1905). Great Coco Island, Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913); Camorta Island (Chopra, 1934); Ross Island, Andaman Islands (Tiwari and Biswas, 1952). Haptosquilla glyptocercus (Wood-Mason, 1875). Great Coco Island, N Andamans, Kabusa Island, Mergui Archipelago, Kemp (1913); Port Blair, Andaman Islands (Kemp and Chopra, 1921; Manning, 1969c); Nancouri Harbour, Andaman Islands (Tiwari and Biswas, 1952); Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998; present record); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Haptosquilla pulchella (Miers, 1880). Camorta Island, Nicobars (Chopra, 1934); Phuket (Naiyanetr, 1998). Haptosquilla tuberosa (Pocock, 1893). Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1911, 1913; Manning, 1969c; Ghosh and Manning, 1988); Nicobar Islands (Chopra, 1934; Manning, 1969c); off Phuket (present record). Siamosquilla hyllebergi Naiyanetr, 1989. Similan Island, Surin Island, Phangnga, Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1998). Pseudosquillidae Manning, 1977 Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787). Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913); Outram Island, Nicobars (Chopra, 1934); Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998; present record); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Takuidae Manning, 1995 Mesacturoides brevisquamatus (Lenz, 1905). Mergui (Kemp, 1913). Lysiosquilloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 Lysiosquillidae Giesbrecht, 1910 Lysiosquilla sulcirostris Kemp, 1913. Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913). Lysiosquilla tredecimdentata Holthuis, 1941. Andaman Islands (Manning, 1978b), Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980), Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998; present record). Lysiosquillina lisa Ahyong and Randall, 2001, Similan Islands, Andaman Sea (Debelius, 1999; Ahyong and Randall, 2001). Lysiosquillina maculata (Fabricius, 1793). Nicobar Islands, Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913, part); Phuket, Phangnga (Naiyanetr, 1998). Nannosquillidae Manning, 1980 Acanthosquilla multifasciata (Wood-Mason, 1895). Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; Naiyanetr, 1998); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). **Acanthosquilla phalangium (Fabricius, 1768). Port Blair, Andamans (Kemp, 1913, as Lysiosquilla acanthocarpus (Claus)); Naiyang Beach, Phuket (present record). Acanthosquilla tigrina (Nobili, 1903). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Naiyang Beach, Phuket (present record). Pullosquilla thomassini Manning, 1978. Kamala Bay, Phuket (Naiyanetr, 1998).

306 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Tetrasquillidae Manning and Camp, 1993 Heterosquilloides insignis (Kemp, 1911). Off North Andaman Island (Kemp, 1911, 1913; Ghosh and Manning, 1988). Parasquilloidea Manning, 1995 Parasquillidae Manning, 1995 **Faughnia formosae Manning and Chan 1997. Off Phuket (present record). Squilloidea Latreille, 1802 Squillidae Latreille, 1802 Areosquilla indica (Hansen, 1926). Octavia Bay, Nancoury harbour, Nicobars (Chopra, 1934). *Anchisquilla fasciata (de Haan, 1844). Andaman Islands, Mergui Archipelago (Kemp, 1913); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Satun, Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1998); off Phuket (present record). Busquilla quadraticauda (Fukuda, 1911). Gulf of Martaban (Kemp, 1911, 1913, as Squilla boops Kemp) *Carinosquilla multicarinata (White, 1849). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980), off Phuket (present record). **Carinosquilla spinosa sp.nov. Off Phuket (present record). Clorida decorata Wood-Mason, 1895. Port Blair, Andaman Islands (Wood-Mason, 1895; Kemp, 1913; Ghosh and Manning, 1988); off Irrawaddy Delta and Ye River entrance, lower Burma (Kemp, 1913); Jack and Una Island, Mergui Archipelago (Kemp and Chopra, 1921). **Clorida gaillardi Moosa, 1986. Off Phuket (present record). *Clorida albolitura Ahyong and Naiyanetr, 2000. Off Phuket (Ahyong and Naiyanetr, 2000). Clorida rotundicauda (Miers, 1880). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Nam Bor Bay, Phuket (Manning, 1979). *Cloridina chlorida (Brooks, 1886). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998); off Phuket (present record). *Cloridina ichneumon (Fabricius, 1798). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998, as C. microphthalama (H. Milne-Edwards)); off Phuket (present record). Cloridina malaccensis (Moosa, 1973). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). **Cloridina pelamidae (Blumstein, 1970). Off Phuket (present record). *Cloridina verrucosa (Hansen, 1926). Mergui Archipelago (Tiwari and Biswas, 1952; Ghosh and Manning, 1988; as C. merguiensis Tiwari and Biswas); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, as C. merguiensis Tiwari and Biswas, 1998); off Phuket (present record). Cloridopsis bengalensis (Tiwari and Biswas, 1952). Phuket (Manning, 1979); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998). Cloridopsis immaculata (Kemp, 1913). Ranong (Naiyanetr, 1998). Cloridopsis scorpio (Latreille, 1828). Satun, Ranong (Naiyanetr, 1998). Dictyosquilla foveolata (Wood-Mason, 1895). Ye River entrance and off Amherst Island, Burma (Kemp, 1913). Erugosquilla woodmasoni (Kemp, 1911). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Phuket, Krabi (Naiyanetr, 1998); off Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977, present record). *Fallosquilla fallax (Bouvier, 1914). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998); off Phuket (present record).

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 307 *Harpiosquilla annandalei (Kemp, 1911). Gulf of Martaban (Kemp, 1911, 1913); Mergui Archipelago (Manning, 1969a); NNE of Kabusa Island, Mergui Archipelago (Kemp and Chopra, 1921); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); off Phuket (present record). *Harpiosquilla harpax (de Haan, 1844). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Kantang, Trang, Satun, Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1998); off Phuket (present record). Harpiosquilla indica Manning, 1969a. Aerial Bay, North Andaman Island (Gosh, 1976). *Harpiosquilla melanoura Manning, 1968. Mergui Archipelago and off Burma (Manning, 1969a); off Phuket (present record). Harpiosquilla raphidea (Fabricius, 1798). Port Blair, Andaman Islands, Mergui Archipelago (de Man, 1888b; Kemp, 1913); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980). Satun, Ranong (Naiyanetr, 1998). *Lenisquilla lata (Brooks, 1886). Gulf of Martaban (Kemp, 1913); off Phuket (present record). Leptosquilla schmeltzii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873). Port Blair, Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913). Levisquilla incerta (Hansen, 1926). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1998) (but see remarks under account of Fallosquilla fallax). Levisquilla inermis (Manning, 1965). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998). Levisquilla minor (Jurich, 1904). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1998). **Levisquilla jurichi (Makarov, 1979). Off Phuket (present record). Miyakea nepa (Latreille, 1828). King Island Bay, Mergui Archipelago (de Man, 1888b); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980); Satun, Phuket, Krabi, Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1998); off Phuket (present record). *Oratosquillina gonypetes (Kemp, 1911). Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1911, 1913; Ghosh and Manning, 1988); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998); off Phuket (present record). Oratosquillina interrupta (Kemp, 1911). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998). Oratosquillina inornata (Tate, 1883). Off Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977; present record). **Oratosquillina manningi Ahyong, Chan and Liao, 2000. Off Phuket (present record). **Oratosquillina ornata (Manning, 1971). Off Phuket (present record). *Oratosquillina perpensa (Kemp, 1911). Mergui Archipelago; Port Blair, Andaman Islands; off Irrawaddy Delta, Burma (Kemp, 1913; Manning, 1978d; Ghosh and Manning, 1988); Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998); off Phuket (present record). Oratosquillina quinquedentata (Brooks, 1886). Andaman Sea (Naiyanetr, 1980, 1998); off Phuket (Dingle et al., 1977, present record). *Oratosquillina subtilis (Manning, 1978). Off Phuket (present record); off Kabusa Island, Burma (Manning, 1978d; Ghosh and Manning, 1988). Squilloides leptosquilla (Brooks, 1886). NW of Andamans, S of Port Blair, Andaman Islands (Kemp, 1913). Squilloides tenuispinis (Wood-Mason, in Wood-Mason and Alcock, 1891). Off Andaman Islands (Wood- Mason and Alcock, 1891; Kemp, 1913). *Toshimitsu tiwarii (Blumstein, 1974). NNE of Kabusa Island, Mergui Archipelago (Kemp and Chopra, 1921, as?squilla costata de Haan; Ghosh and Manning, 1988); off Phuket (present record). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to thank Matz Berggren, Niel Bruce, Somchai Bussarawit and Charatsee Aungtonya for facilitating access to the BIOSHELF collections. Thanks are due to Somnuk Chaitiamvong, Peter Davie, and Peter Ng for making collections in Phuket, 1998, and to Rachel Ahyong for assisting one of us (STA) with fieldwork in Phuket, 1999. Peter Ng (ZRC) and Charles Fransen (NNM) also kindly provided complete access to the stomatopod collections in their care.

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310 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Latreille, P. A. 1828. Squille, Squilla. Encyclopédie Méthodique. Entomologie ou Histoire naturelle des Crustacés, des Arachnides et des Insectes 10: 467 475. Agasse, Paris. Lenz, H. 1905. Ostafrikanische Dekapoden und Stomatopoden gesammelt von Herrn Prof. Dr. A. Voeltzkow. In: A. Voeltzkow(ed.). Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Reisen in Madagaskar und Ostafrika in den Jahren 1889 95, volume 3. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 27(4): 341 392, pls. 47, 48. Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis Locis. Edition 10, vol. 1. Holmiae. 824 pp. Makarov, R. R. 1976. A new species of the rare genus of mantis shrimps Coronidopsis andamanensis sp.n. (Crustacea, Stomatopoda). Zoologischeskij zhurnal 55(12): 1908 1912. 1978. New data on crustaceans of the families Lysiosquillidae and Gonodactylidae (Crustacea, Stomatopoda) from Tonkin Bay (Vietnam). Zoologischeskij zhurnal 57:176 189 [in Russian]. Makarov, R. R. 1979. A collection of stomatopod crustaceans of the genus Clorida Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842, from Tonkin Bay, Vietnam. Crustaceana 37(1): 39 56. Man, J. G. de. 1888a (1887 1888). Bericht über die von Herrn Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 53 (I, 2): 215 288, pls. 7 10 [issued 1887]; 53 (I, 3): 289 600, pls. 11 22a [issued 1888] [fide Clark et al., 1990]. 1888b. Report on the podophthalmous Crustacea of the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, by Dr. John Anderson, F.R.S., Superintendent of the Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society, London, (Zoology) 22: 1 312, pls. 1 19. 1898. Bericht über die von Herrn Schiffscapitän Storm zu Atjeh, an den westlichen Küsten von Malakka, Borneo and Celebes sowie in der Java-See gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden, sechster (schluss-) Theil. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere 10: 677 708, pls. 28 38. 1902. Die von Herrn Professor Kükenthal im Indischen Archipel gesammelten Dekapoden und Stomatopoden. In: W. Kükenthal (ed.). Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise in den Molukken und Borneo. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 25: 467 929, pls. 19 27. Manning, R. B. 1962. Stomatopod Crustacea collected by the Yale Seychelles Expedition, 1957-1958. Postilla 68: 1 15. 1965. Stomatopoda from the collection of His Majesty The Emperor of Japan. Crustaceana 9(3): 249 262, pls. 11, 12. 1967. Review of the genus Odontodactylus (Crustacea: Stomatopoda). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 123: 1 35. 1968. Stomatopod Crustacea from Madagascar. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 124: 1 61. 1969a. A revision of the genus Harpiosquilla (Crustacea, Stomatopoda), with descriptions of three new species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 36: 1 41. 1969b. Stomatopod Crustacea of the western Atlantic. Studies in Tropical Oceanography, Miami 8: viii + 380 pp. 1969c. Notes on the Gonodactylus section of the family Gonodactylidae (Crustacea, Stomatopoda), with descriptions of four new genera and a new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 143 166. 1970. A new genus and species of stomatopod crustacean from Madagascar. Bulletin du Muséum National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris, séries 2, 42 (1): 206 209. 1971. Keys to the species of Oratosquilla (Crustacea: Stomatopoda), with descriptions of two new species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 71: 1 16. 1975. Two new species of the Indo-West Pacific genus Chorisquilla (Crustacea, Stomatopoda), with notes on C. excavata (Miers). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 88: 253 261.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 281 312 (2002) 311 Manning, R. B. 1976. Redescriptions of Oratosquilla indica (Hansen), with accounts of a new genus and two new species (Crustacea, Stomatopoda). Beaufortia 25 (318): 1 13. 1977. A monograph of the West African stomatopod Crustacea. Atlantide Report 12: 25 181. 1978a. Notes on some species of the Falcatus group of Gonodactylus (Crustacea: Stomatopoda: Gonodactylidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 258: 1 15. 1978b. Synopses of the Indo-West Pacific species of Lysiosquilla Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Stomatopoda: Lysiosquillidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 259: 1 16. 1978c. New and rare stomatopod crustacea from the Indo-West Pacific region. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 264: 1 36. 1978d. Further observations on Oratosquilla, with accounts of two new genera and nine new species (Crustacea: Stomatopoda: Squillidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 272: 1 44. 1979. Notes on two species of stomatopod Crustacea from Phuket Island, Thailand. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 92(2): 394 398. 1989. Zoogeographical relationships of stomatopod Crustacea from the northern Arabian Sea. Marine Science of the Arabian Sea Proceedings 10: 113 119. 1990a. Stomatopod Crustacea from the Persian Gulf, with the description of a new Manningia. Steenstrupia 16(6): 93 108. 1990b. Mortensenenus minus, a new genus and species of coronidid stomatopod from Mauritius. Journal of Crustacean Biology 10(1): 162 164. 1995. Stomatopod Crustacea of Vietnam: the legacy of Raoul Serène. Crustacean Research, Special No. 4: 1 339. The Carcinological Society of Japan. Shimoda Printing, Kumamoto, Japan. Manning, R. B. and T. Y. Chan. 1997. The genus Faughnia from Taiwan, with the description of a new species (Stomatopoda: Parasquillidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 17(3): 546 554. Manning, R. B and D. K. Camp. 1993. Erythrosquilloidea, a new superfamily and Tetrasquillidae, a new family of stomatopod crustaceans. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96(2): 85 91. Manning, R. B. and R. G. Garcia. 1982. Notes on species of Coronidopsis (Crustacea, Stomatopoda, Eurysquillidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 2(4): 593 599. Miers, E. J. 1880. On the Squillidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5: 1 30, 108 127. 1884. Crustacea. In: Report on the zoological collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the voyage of H.M.S. Alert, 1881 2, pp.178 322, 513 575, pls. 18 35, 46 52. Milne Edwards, A. 1868. Observations sur la faune carcinologique des Iles du Cap Vert. Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d Histoire Naturelle, Paris 4: 49 69, pls. 16 18. 1873. Descriptions de quelques Crustacés nouveaux ou peu connus provenant du Musée de M. C. Godeffroy. Journal du Muséum Godeffroy 4: 77 88, pls. 12, 13. Milne Edwards, H. 1837. Histoire naturelle des Crustacés, comprenant l anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux 2: 1 532. Atlas: 32 pp, pls. 1 14, 14 bis, 15 25 bis, 26 42. Roret, Paris. Moosa, M. K. 1973. The stomatopod Crustacea collected by the Mariel King memorial expedition in Malaku waters. Marine Research in Indonesia 13: 1 30. 1975. Notes on stomatopod Crustacea from Seribu Islands and adjacent waters with a description of a new species. Marine Research in Indonesia (Penelitian Laut di Indonesia) 15: 1 20. Moosa, M. K. 1986. [for 1985] Stomatopod Crustacea. Résultats du Campagnes MUSORSTOM I & II Philippines, 2. Mémoires du Muséum National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris, séries A, Zoologie 133: 367 414. 1991. The Stomatopoda of New Caledonia and Chesterfield Islands (in) Richer de Forges (ed.) Le benthos de fonds meubles des lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie 1: 149 219. Editions de l ORSTOM, Paris. Müller, F. 1886. Zur Crustaceenfauna von Trincomali. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 8 (1): 470 479, pl. 4.

312 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Naiyanetr, P. 1980. Stomatopoda of Thailand. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok. 95 pp. 1983. [for 1982] Two stomatopod crustaceans from the Gulf of Thailand with a key to the genus Carinosquilla Manning, 1968. Senckenbergiana biologica 63(5/6): 393 399. 1987. Two new stomatopod crustaceans from Thailand with a key to the genus Manningia Serène, 1962. Crustaceana 53(3): 237 242. 1989. Siamosquilla hyllebergi, a new genus and new species of stomatopod crustacean from Thailand. In: E.A. Ferrero (ed.). Biology of Stomatopods, Selected symposia and monographs. U.Z.I., vol. 3, pp. 281 284. Mucchi, Modena. 1998. Checklist of Crustacean Fauna in Thailand (Decapoda and Stomatopoda). OEPP Biodiversity Series 5: 1 161. Naiyanetr, P., S.T. Ahyong and P.K.L. Ng. 2000. Reinstatement of Carinosquilla thailandensis Naiyanetr, 1983, with first record of Alima orientalis Manning, 1978, from the Gulf of Thailand, and notes on Cloridina pelamidae (Blumstein, 1970) (Stomatopoda: Squillidae). Crustaceana 73(10): 1291-1295. Nobili, G. 1903. Contributo alla fauna carcinologica di Borneo. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia comparata della R. Università di Torino 18 (447): 27 32. Odhner, T. 1923. Indopazifiche Stomatopoden. Göteborgs kungl. Vetenskaps-och Vitterhets-Sämhalles Handlingar 27(4): 1 16, pl. 1. Pfeffer, G. 1888. Übersicht der von Herrn Dr. Franz Stuhlmann in Ägypten, auf Sansibar und dem gegenüberliegenden Festlande gesammelten Reptilien, Amphibien, Fische, Mollusken und Krebse. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen zoologische Museum und Institut 6: 28 35. Pocock, R. I. 1893. Report upon the stomatopod crustaceans obtained by P. W. Bassett-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the cruise, in the Australian and China seas, of H.M.S. Penguin, Commander W. U. Moore. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 6, 11: 473 479, pl. 20B. Roxas, H. A. and E. Estampador. 1930. Stomatopoda of the Philippines. Natural and Applied Science Bulletin, University of the Philippines 1(1): 93 131. Serène, R. 1950. Deux nouvelles espèces Indo Pacifiques de Stomatopodes. Bulletin du Muséum National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris, séries 2, 22(5): 571 572. 1954. Observations biologiques sur les stomatopodes. Mémoires de l Institut Océanographique de Nhatrang 8: 1 93, pls. 1 10. Tate, R. 1883. Descriptions of some new species of Squilla from South Australia. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia 6: 48 53, pl. 2. Tirmizi, N. M. and R.B. Manning. 1968. Stomatopod Crustacea from West Pakistan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 125: 1 48. Tiwari, K.K. and S. Biswas. 1952. On two new species of the genus Squilla Fabr., with notes on other stomatopods in the collections of the Zoological Survey of India. Records of the Indian Museum 49(3 4): 349 363, figs. 1 5. Tweedie, M. W. F. 1935. Two new species of Squilla from Malayan waters. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 10: 45 52, pl. 1. White, A. 1849 [for 1848]. Description of two new species of Crustacea. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 15: 144, pl. 6 [also published in The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 2, 4: 381 382, 1849]. 1851 [for 1850]. Descriptions of two species of Crustacea in the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 18: 95 97, pls. 15, 16. Wood-Mason, J. 1875. [On some new species of stomatopod Crustacea]. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 1875: 231 232 [untitled]. Wood-Mason, J. and A. Alcock. 1891. Note on the result of the last season s deep-sea dredging, no. 21. Natural history notes from H. M. Indian Marine Survey steamer Investigator, Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N., Commanding. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History series 6, 7: 258 272. Wood-Mason, J. 1895. Figures and descriptions of nine species of Squillidae from the collection in the Indian Museum. Calcutta. 11 pp.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 313 ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF BRACHYURA (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA) PRINCIPALLY OBTAINED DURING THE BIOSHELF SURVEY OFF WESTERN THAILAND FROM 1996 1998 Peter J.F. Davie 1, Peter K.L. Ng 2, Arwut Kaenphet 3, Charatsee Aungtonya 4 1 Queensland Museum, P.O Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia 2 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore 3 The Centre for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand 4 Phuket Marine Biological Center, P.O. Box 60, Phuket 83000, Thailand ABSTRACT A large collection of brachyurans trawled from off the western coast of Thailand were sorted and identified. Of the 102 species, 38 appear to be new distributional records for Thailand, and a number of others are probably new to science. This highlights the poor state of knowledge of the shallow-water crustacean fauna of this part of Thailand, and of the north-eastern Indian Ocean in general. INTRODUCTION This contribution reports on work was undertaken during the International Workshop on the Biodiversity of Crustacea in the Andaman Sea and Island of Phuket, Thailand, held from 29 November to 20 December 1998. The study material was largely collected by the R.V. Chakratong Tongyai from the BIOSHELF project field surveys of the west coast of Thailand during the years 1996 1998, financed by the DANIDA PMBC Scientific Cooperation Programme. The material is maintained as part of the PMBC Reference Collection. All the current study material was sourced from the Andaman Sea off the west coast of Thailand. Full details for the BIOSHELF stations is given in The Thai Danish BIOSHELF surveys (1996-1998) off western Thailand part of the Andaman Sea (Bussarawit and Aungtonya 2002). Specific collection data for additional older material is available on request from the PMBC. To date the most important scientific study of the Brachyura of the west coast of Thailand was undertaken by the 1966 Thai Danish Expedition, and reported on by Serène and Soh (1976). This survey differed in that it was largely based on material collected by the use of a benthic grab. The BIOSHELF survey used a variety of collecting techniques, including a bottom trawl, triangular dredge (TD), and Ockelmann Sledge (OS). Serène and Soh (1976) recorded 67 species, including four new genera and seven new species. They predicted that a more extensive survey would probably provide around 100 species of Brachyura, which would correspond to the brachyuran fauna of the soft bottom (sand and mud) of the continental shelf in the region. The present study in fact recorded 102 species, and there is no doubt that more will be found. Another important study of the Thai fauna was that by Rathbun (1909, 1910), however, her study was based on material from the Gulf of Thailand.

314 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Rathbun recorded 205 species, but her study was based on a much broader range of habitats. The decision as to whether a species is new to the Thai fauna was based on the Checklist of Crustacean Fauna in Thailand (Decapoda and Stomatopoda) compiled by Phaibul Naiyanetr (1998) from published sources as well as his own records. Naiyanetr has recorded around 526 species of marine brachyurans from Thai waters, and his distributional data is an invaluable tool for assessing overall biodiversity and biogeographical influences. In the following list a subfamily classification where it exists has been adopted only when there were a sufficient number of species in the family concerned to warrant assigning the genera. For a full classification of all species known from western Thailand see Ng and Davie (2001, this volume). ANNOTATED CHECKLIST Dromiidae De Haan, 1833 Conchoecetes andamanicus Alcock, 1900 PMBC 16869, 1 females, Andaman Sea, no station data. This is a rare species, and the present specimen, although a juvenile, conforms with the characters enumerated in McLay (1993). Dromia dormia (Linnaeus, 1763) PMBC 16872, 1 males, BIOSHELF St. C3, 09º00 N, 097º43 E, trawl, 81 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16870, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º48 E, trawl, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16871, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16873, 1 females, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º42 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. This species has a widespread Indo-West Pacific distribution, but has not previously been recorded from Thailand (fide Naiyanetr, 1998). Homolidae Henderson, 1888 Latreillopsis tetraspinosa Dai and Chen, 1980 PMBC 16900, 1 females, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, 80 m, TD, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16885, 1 males, BIOSHELF St. C3, 09º00 N, 097º43 E, TD, 79 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998. This species has been reviewed and figured by Guinot and Richer de Forges (1995). The present specimens represent a new record for Thailand. Previously recorded from China, Japan, Philippines and Indonesia. This is also the first record of a Homolidae from Thai waters. Latreilliidae Alcock, 1899 Latreillia valida De Haan, 1835 PMBC 16834, 4 males, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º31 N, 097º38 E, TD, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16929, 1 males, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16848, 6 males, 5 females, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16843, 1 male, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º48 E, trawl, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02. 1998; PMBC 17049, 1 male, 1 females, BIOSHELF St. C3, 09º00 N, 097º43 E, TD, 79 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 17053, 1 females, BIOSHELF St. C3, 09º00 N,

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 315 097º43 E, trawl, 81 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16923, 1 females, BIOSHELF St. D3, 08º45 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 17060, 1 females, BIOSHELF St. E3, 08º32 N, 097º46 E, TD, 79 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996. The genus Latreillia has been revised by Williams (1982). Latreillia valida is widespread in the Indo-West Pacific, and has been previously recorded from the nearby Mergui Archipelago. However, the present specimens represent the first formal record of the species and family for Thailand. Raninidae De Haan, 1839 Notopoides latus Henderson, 1888 PMBC 15358, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998 This is a new distributional record from Thailand, but within the known range of the species. It is rarely collected. The present specimen was taken from a much shallower depth than previously recorded (148 255 m). It has been well described and figured by Goeke (1985: 221 223). Notosceles serratifrons (Henderson, 1893) PMBC 16820, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. B2, 09º15 N, 097º54 E, OS, 58 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16819, 2 males, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16818, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 097º02 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16884, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. F2, 08º15 N, 098º03 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16821, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. RY1, 07º36 N, 098º19 E, TD, 55 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996. Dorippidae Macleay, 1838 Dorippe quadridens (Fabricius, 1798) PMBC 16963, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16952, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16948, 2 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º48 N, 098º28 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16953, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 29 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16949, 6 males, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16956, 1 male, PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16960, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º40 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. Dorippoides nudipes Manning and Holthuis, 1986 PMBC 16955, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. I20 m, 07º30 N, 099º01 E, TD, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16951, 12 males, 11 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16962, 3 males, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16954, 8 males, 4 females, BIOSHELF St. PB6, TD, 07º46 N, 098º31 E, 27 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16958, 4 male, 1 female, PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl,

316 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24 m, 27.02.1998. This species was redescribed and figured by Holthuis and Manning (1990). They considered it to be restricted to the western Indian Ocean from the southern Red Sea south to Madagascar and South Africa, and eastward to Pakistan. The present specimens thus mark a significant easterly range extension in the Indian Ocean and a new record for Thailand. Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819 Subfamily Leucosiinae Miers, 1886 Leucosia anatum (Herbst, 1783) PMBC 16932, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Leucosia haematosticta Adams and White, 1848 PMBC 17068, 1 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16936, 1 male, 1 female, St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Leucosia rhomboidalis De Haan, 1841 PMBC 17064, 1 male, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21 m, 21.02.1998. A new record for Thailand. Leucosia unidentata De Haan, 1841 PMBC 17061, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º52 N, 098º31 E, TD, 22 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 23.04.1997. A new record for Thailand. Subfamily Ebaliinae Stimpson, 1871 Drachiella morum (Alcock, 1896) PMBC 17065, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º57 E, OS, 46 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16940, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B2, 09º15 N, 097º54 E, OS, 58 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998. Ebalia glans (Alcock, 1896) PMBC 16945, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. I3, 07º33 N, 098º19 E, OS, 68 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 17071, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K2, 07º00 N, 099º04 E, OS, 53 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. This species was previously listed from the west coast of Thailand by Serène and Soh (1976: 13) as Randallia glans. It has been discussed and figured by Chen (1989: 187, fig. 2, pl. 2, figs 2, 3) who transferred it from Randallia to Ebalia. It is distributed from India to the Philippines and north to Japan. Nuciops modesta (Ihle, 1918) PMBC 16938, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G2, 07º59 N, 098º08 E, OS, 72 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16942, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07º46 N, 098º16 E, OS, 40 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya,

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 317 20.02.1998; PMBC 16920, 2 male, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, OS, 45 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16919, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Subfamily Philyrinae Rathbun, 1937 Arcania quinquespinosa Alcock and Anderson, 1894 PMBC 17063, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º01 N, 098º03 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 17048, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 098º02 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16935, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 17067, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. First described from the Madras coast of India this species is wide-ranging in the Indian Ocean from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, India, Sri Lanka and Laccadive Islands. Also known north to Japan in the Pacific. A new record for Thailand. Arcania undecimspinosa (De Haan, 1841) PMBC 16931, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. I3, 07º33 N, 098º19 E, OS, 68 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 17052, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998. Iphiculus spongiosus Adams and White, 1848 PMBC 17069, 2 juv., BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º56 E, OS, 60 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16943, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º51 E, OS, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996; PMBC 16941, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16922, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Ixa pulcherrima (Haswell, 1879) PMBC 17057, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. A2, 09º32 N, 097º50 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 17058, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16927, 1male, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º41 E, BC, 29 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1997. This species seems to have had a rather confused synonymy. Serène and Lohavanijaya (1973: 40 41, pl. 6A) felt that this species (and its allies which they included in its synonymy), was doubtfully referred to Ixa Leach, although Chen (1989: 225 226, pl. 6, figs 4, 5) considered their material to belong to I. investigatoris Chopra, 1933. Chen (1989) felt that the only two definite localities were northern Australia and Philippines. The present specimens are a new record for Thailand. Ixoides cornutus MacGilchrist, 1905 PMBC 17051, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. G1, 07º59 N, 098º14 E, TD, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.04.1996. First described from the Persian Gulf, this species has also been recorded in the Western Pacific from eastern Australia north to Japan. A new record for Thailand.

318 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Myra acutidens Ihle, 1918 PMBC 17059, 1female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. A new record for Thailand. Most recently recorded from northern Papua New Guinea by Ovaere (1986). Myra elegans Bell, 1855 PMBC 17062, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 17072, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K2, 07º00 N, 099º04 E, OS, 53 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Myra fugax (Fabricius, 1798) PMBC 17073, 1female, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º56 E, TD, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16926, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J1, 07º45 N, 099º03 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16934, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998: PMBC 17066, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º41 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16947, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. NBD, 07º44 N, 098º24 E, OS, 40 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 09.12.1997. Nursilia tonsor Alcock, 1896 PMBC 16930, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. F2, 08º15 N, 098º03 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16924, 1male, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º48 E, OS, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996. Pariphiculus mariannae (Herklots, 1852) PMBC 16944, 1male, BIOSHELF St. G2, 08º01 N, 098º10 E, TD, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.04.1996; PMBC 17088, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. J1, 07º15 N, 099º03 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16928, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º51 E, TD, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996; PMBC 17055, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Randallia eburnea Alcock, 1896 PMBC 17070, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. F3, 08º15 N, 097º58 E, TD, 78 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 17087, 4 males, 5 females, BIOSHELF St. G3, 07º58 N, 098º02 E, TD, 79 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16939, 1male, BIOSHELF St. H2, 07º46 N, 098º14 E, TD, 57 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998. Subfamily Cryptocneminae Stimpson, 1907 Cryptocnemus siamensis SerHne and Soh, 1976 PMBC 16933, 1female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º43 N, 098º33 E, OS, 37 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Previously known from the Gulf of Thailand, this specimen represents a new distributional record for the Andaman Sea.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 319 Calappidae De Haan, 1833 Calappa clypeata (Borradaile, 1903) PMBC 16823, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. H1, 07º45 N, 098º16 E, OS, 31 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16817, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16828, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º48 N, 098º28 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16814, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16827, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º40 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. Widespread in the Indo-West Pacific from eastern Africa to Japan, Philippines and New Caledonia (see Galil, 1997), but as far as we know, a new record for Thailand. Calappa capellonis Laurie, 1906 PMBC 16811, 2 males, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16816, 2 males, 13 juv., St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Originally described from Sri Lanka, this is a widespread species in the Indo-West Pacific from Seychelles and Madagascar to South China Sea, Japan and New Caledonia, but has not previously been formally recorded from Thailand (see Galil, 1997). Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) PMBC 14606, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996. Calappa hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) PMBC 17110, 2 males, 1 female, Andaman Sea, no station data, 24.12.1971. Calappa lophos (Herbst, 1785) PMBC 16809, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º31 N, 097º38 E, TD, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16810, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J3-J2, 07º14 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 76 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16824, 2 juv., BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 097º58 E, trawl, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 08.04.1997; PMBC 17127, 1 female, off Rak Island, trawl, 74 m, 15.03.1989. Calappa bilineata Ng, Lai and Aungtonya, 2001 PMBC 14609, 1 male, outside Phuket, no station data, 28.08.1973; PMBC 17029, 1 male, off Surin Island, 25 m, 01.06.1985; PMBC 14607, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º31 N, 097º38 E, TD, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 17090, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 29 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 14610, 1 male, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 14608, 1 male, 3 female, Andaman Sea, no station data. Calappa pustulosa Alcock, 1896 PMBC 14612, 1 female, off Rak Island, trawl, 74 m, 15.03.1989; PMBC 17114, 1 female, Myanmar waters, trawl, 115-135 m, 09.11.1989; PMBC 14613, 2 juv., BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 097º58 E, trawl, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.04.1997; PMBC 14611, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J3-J2, 07º14 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 76 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998.

320 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Recorded from India, Philippines, China and Japan (Galil, 1997); a new record for Thailand. Calappa undulata Dai, 1991 PMBC 16813, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. F2, 08º15 N, 098º04 E, TD, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16825, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º51 E, TD, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996. Matutidae Alcock, 1896 Izanami curtispina (Miers, 1886) PMBC 16815, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16822, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16826, 29 females, BIOSHELF St. I3, 07º30 N, 098º10 E, TD, 78 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 02.05.1996; PMBC 16812, 4 female, M/V Paknam, trawl, 76 m, 17.03.1989. Widespread in the Indo-West Pacific from Madagascar, Arafura Sea, China Sea and Japan (see Galil and Clark, 1994: 28). Within the known range but a new record for Thailand. Majidae Samouelle, 1819 Subfamily Majinae Samouelle, 1819 Chlorinoides longispinus (De Haan, 1839) PMBC 16623, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996. Schizophrys aspera (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) PMBC 16632, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K2, 07º00 N, 099º04 E, trawl, 52 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Subfamily Pisinae Dana, 1851 Doclea armata (De Haan, 1839) PMBC 16638, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. PB1, 07º59 N, 098º29 E, TD, 14 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.04.1997; PMBC 16621, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º41 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. Previously recorded from the Gulf of Thailand (Naiyanetr, 1998); this is a new record for Thailand s Andaman coast. Hyastenus aries (Latreille, 1825) PMBC 16640, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º01 N, 097º53 E, trawl, 64 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16631, 3 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º48 E, trawl, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16639, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º48 N, 098º28 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16618, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Phalangipus hystrix (Miers, 1886) PMBC 16622, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16620, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. F2, 08º15 N, 098º03 E, TD, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16635, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. F3, 08º15 N, 097º58 E, TD, 78 m, coll. S. Bussarawit

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 321 and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16627, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. I3, 07º33 N, 098º19 E, TD, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16628, 2 male, BIOSHELF St. I3-I2, 07º33 N, 098º19 E, OS, 55 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16626, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. RN3, 07º30 N, 098º18 E, TD, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996. This species is widespread throughout the Indo-West Pacific, but apparently not previously recorded from Thailand (see Griffin, 1973; Griffin and Tranter, 1986). Phalangipus longipes (Linnaeus, 1767) PMBC 16643, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º48 N, 098º31 E, OS, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16642, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16634, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º41 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16624, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 29 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16636, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º44 N, 098º33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16619, 2 male, 1 female, St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16637, 2 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º40 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16625, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. NBA, 07º37 N, 098º17 E, OS, 50 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 23.11.1997; PMBC 16641, 1 female, BIOSHELF St., NBD, 07º44 N, 098º24 E, OS, 40 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 09.12.1997. Parthenopidae Macleay, 1838 Subfamily Parthenopinae Macleay, 1838 Aulacolambrus hoplonotus (Adams and White, 1848) PMBC 16897, 3 males, 1 female BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º01 N, 098º03 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16904, 3 juvs, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 098º02 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16903, 1 male, St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Aulacolambrus whitei (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) PMBC 16916, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1996. Parthenope longimanus (Linnaeus, 1764) PMBC 16898, 2 juvs, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16892, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16912, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16886, 2 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º48 N, 099º28 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16890, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16888, 5 males, 2 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16910, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º44 N, 098º33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya,

322 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea 21.02.1998; PMBC 16887, 10 male, 4 females, St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16889, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º40 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16893, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16914, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. NBD, 07º44 N, 098º24 E, OS, 40 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 09.12.1997. Rhinolambrus pelagicus PMBC 16917, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16907, 1 female, St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Rhinolambrus sisimanensis Serène and Umali, 1972 PMBC 16915, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16894, 1 male, 6 juv. BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 098º02 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16905, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16896, 1juv., BIOSHELF St. E20 m, 08º29 N, 098º12 E, TD, 20 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16902, 2 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16911, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16913, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. L3, 06º46 N, 098º45 E, OS, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 05.05.1996; PMBC 16918, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º43 N, 098º33 E, OS, 37 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16908, 3 females, St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Previously known from Sisiman Bay, Philippines (type locality), and the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. These records are the first for Thailand waters, and mark a considerable westerly range extension into the Indian Ocean. Bathymetric range: 6 54 m (see Davie and Turner, 1994). Subfamily Cryptopodiinae Stimpson, 1871 Cryptopodia collifer Flipse, 1930 PMBC 16906, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996. This species has been recently redescribed by Chiong and Ng (1998). It is a rarely collected species only known previously from the type locality off southern Sulawesi, Indonesia, and from southern China. These specimens are thus a new record for Thailand, and a significant westerly range extension of the species into the eastern Indian Ocean. Cryptopodia fornicata (Fabricius, 1781) PMBC 16909, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB2, 08º00 N, 098º39 E, BC, 17 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. Cryptopodia pan Laurie, 1906 PMBC 16901, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 097º58 E, TD, 71 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996. This species has been recently redescribed by

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 323 Chiong and Ng (1998). It is widespread in the Indo- West Pacific and has been recorded from the Seychelles, Gulf of Manaar, north-western Australia, Macclesfield Bank, New Caledonia, and the Nansha Islands in the South China Sea. This specimen represents a new record for Thailand. Corystidae Samouelle, 1819 Jonas formosae (Balss, 1922) PMBC 16829, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. The species of this distinctive genus are poorly known and currently under revision by the second author. Jonas formosae was originally described from Taiwan; the present specimen marks a significant westerly range extension and is a new record for Thai waters. Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamily Portuninae Rafinesque, 1815 Lupocyclus philippinensis Semper, 1880 PMBC 16688, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16761, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. F3, 08º15 N, 097º58 E, TD, 78 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998. This species is widely distributed in the Indo- West Pacific, with records from Madagascar east to northern Australia and north to Philippines and Japan. The present specimens are the first record for Thai waters, although previously recorded from the nearby Andaman Islands. Bathymetric range: 50 100 m (Sakai, 1976). Lupocyclus rotundatus Adams and White, 1848 PMBC 16800, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16774, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16672, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Portunus argentatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1861) PMBC 16744, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º57 E, trawl, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 16709, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º56 E, TD, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16665, 3 males, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º31 N, 097º38 E, TD, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16767, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16772, 5 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16734, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16770, 2 males, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º48 E, 70 m, trawl, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16687, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. C3, 09º00 N, 097º43 E, TD, 79 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16701, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 12.02.1998; PMBC 16704, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. D3, 08º45 N, 097º43 E, OS, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16661, 22 males, 23 females, BIOSHELF St. D3, 08º45 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16707, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E20 m, 08º30 N, 098º12 E, OS, 20 m, 22.04.1996;

324 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea PMBC 16727, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E20 m, 08º29 N, 098º12 E, TD, 20 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16670, 2 male, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16702, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. F3, 08º15 N, 097º58 E, TD, 78 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16690, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G1, 08º00 N, 098º13 E, TD, 46 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16691, 2 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G3, 07º58 N, 098º02 E, TD, 79 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16763, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J3-J2, 07º14 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 76 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16739, 40 juv., BIOSHELF St. RN1, 07º30 N, 098º22 E, OS, 64 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996; PMBC 16717, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16758, 1 male, 5 females, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16714, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º43 N, 098º33 E, OS, 37 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16789, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º44 N, 098º33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16666, 1 male, 2 females, PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16645, 48 males, 25 females, BIOSHELF St. PB7-6, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16736, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. NBC, 07º43 N, 098º24 E, OS, 45 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 03.12.1997. Portunus gracilimanus (Stimpson, 1858) PMBC 16793, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16689, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16648, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB 3-4, 07º51 N, 097º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16782, 1 female; BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º44 N, 098º33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16733, 3 males, 1 female, PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16742, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º40 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16728, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. NBD, 07º44 N, 098º24 E, OS, 40 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 09.12.1997. Portunus haanii (Stimpson, 1858) PMBC 16683, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16659, 3 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 08º48 N, 098º28 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16647, 1 male, 3 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16765, 1 male, 4 females, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16657, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16743, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 08º45 N, 098º42 E, 30 m, TD, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16644, 9 males, 8 females, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, 21.02.1998. Previously recorded from both eastern and western coasts of Thailand as Portunus gladiator (Fabricius, 1798). P. gladiator (sensu lato) consisted of a complex of closely related species and was revised by Stephenson and Cook (1973), although there are indications that there is actually more than one species.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 325 Portunus hastatoides (Fabricius, 1798) PMBC 16738, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. I20 m, 07º30 N, 099º01 E, TD, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16663, 3 males, 8 females, BIOSHELF St. PB1, 07º59 N, 098º29 E, TD, 14 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 23.04.1997; PMBC 16741, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB2, 08º00 N, 098º38 E, TD, 15 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16673, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º34 E, OS, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16762, 13 males, 36 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16669, 7 males, 19 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.02.1998. Portunus orbitosinus Rathbun, 1911 PMBC 16713, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16788, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) PMBC 16654, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Portunus pulchricristatus (Gordon, 1931) PMBC 16680, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G1, 08º00 N, 098º14 E, OS, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.04.1996; PMBC 16753, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, OS, 45 m, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16780, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º45 N, 099º21 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 16786, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16710, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Portunus rugosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1861) PMBC 16674, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. RY2, 07º39 N, 098º24 E, TD, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996; PMBC 16696, 3 males, 2 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, 21.02.1998. Stephenson and Rees (1967) recognised two forms, and the present material agrees closely with the description of their form 1. This is a new distributional record for western Thailand. Previously known from New Caledonia, Australia (Western Australia and Torres Strait), Malaysian area, and the Philippines, at depths of 18 20 metres. Portunus tenuipes (De Haan, 1835) PMBC 16692, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16791, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16706, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º40 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. Portunus tuberculosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1861) PMBC 16785, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E2, 08º31 N, 098º00 E, OS, 60 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16700, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G1, 07º59 N, 098º14 E, TD, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.04.1996; PMBC 16802, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. G1, 08º00 N, 098º12 E, OS, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998;

326 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea PMBC 16790, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G1, 08º00 N, 098º13 E, TD, 46 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16715, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16695, 2 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16749, 2 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998; PMBC 16697, 5 males, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Subfamily Caphyrinae Paulson, 1875 Lissocarcinus laevis Miers, 1886 PMBC 16679, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16795, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16754, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16699, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. F2, 08º15 N, 098º03 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16798, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. G1, 08º00 N, 098º12 E, OS, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16804, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. I3-I2, 07º33 N, 098º19 E, OS, 55 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16784, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. RN1, 07º30 N, 098º22 E, OS, 64 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996; PMBC 16752, 2 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º43 N, 098º33 E, OS, 37 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16716, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º42 E, TD, 30 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. This species is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, with records from Southern Africa, Madagascar, north-western Australia and Japan. The present specimens are the first record for Thai waters. Bathymetric range: 30 85 m (Sakai, 1976). Lissocarcinus polybioides Adams and White, 1848 PMBC 16723, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º01 N, 098º03 E, OS, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16794, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º43 N, 098º33 E, OS, 37 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16684, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6,, 07º45 N, 098º36 E trawl, 24 m,, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya 27.02.1998; PMBC 16682, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. NBD,, 07º44 N, 098º24 E OS, 40 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 09.12.1997. This species is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, with records from the Seychelles east to northern Australia and north to Japan. The present specimens are the first record for Thai waters, although previously recorded from the nearby Andaman Islands. Bathymetric range: 30 100 m (Sakai, 1976). Subfamily Thalamitinae Paulson, 1875 Charybdis granulata De Haan, 1835 PMBC 16646, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º31 N, 097º38 E, TD, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996. This species has been redescribed and illustrated by Wee and Ng (1995). It is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific with records from East Africa, Singapore, Hong Kong and Japan. The present specimen is a new record for Thai waters. Bathymetric range: 15 35 m.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 327 Charybdis feriatus (Linnaeus, 1758) PMBC 16747, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J3-J2, 07º14 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 76 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16651, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16760, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16685, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Charybdis hongkongensis Shen, 1934 PMBC 16718, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º57 E, OS, 46 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16705, 2 female, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º56 E, TD, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16662, 2 males, 5 females, BIOSHELF St. B1, 09º15 N, 098º02 E, TD, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16746, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º55 E, TD, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16769, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. F2, 08º15 N, 098º03 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16671, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. H2, 07º46 N, 098º14 E, TD, 57 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16668, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. I20 m, 07º30 N, 099º01 E, OS, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16750, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. I1, 07º30 N, 098º55 E, OS, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16751, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J1, 07º15 N, 099º03 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998;.PMBC 16775, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º51 E, OS, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996; PMBC 16655, 1 male, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16776, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º44 N, 098º33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16721, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Charybdis miles De Haan, 1835 PMBC 16658, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A2, 09º32 N, 097º50 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 16649, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º48 E, trawl, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16773, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º48 E, trawl, 70 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16665, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998. Charybdis natator (Herbst, 1794) PMBC 16698, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º48 N, 098º28 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.02.1997; PMBC 16737, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Charybdis truncata (Fabricius, 1798) PMBC 16712, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. I20 m, 07º30 N, 099º01 E, TD, 21m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16759, 3 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16660, 9 males, 6 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16686, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º46 N, 098º30 E, TD, 27 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16724, 1 male,

328 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea BIOSHELF St. PB8, 07º44 N, 098º51 E, TD, 22 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. Charybdis variegata (Fabricius, 1798) PMBC 16667, 3 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, 09º01 N, 098º03 E, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16678, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3-4, 07º51 N, 098º37 E, trawl, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16677, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07º52 N, 098º40 E, TD, 28 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Thalamita muusi SerHne and Soh, 1976 PMBC 16806, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 098º02 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16805, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º56 E, OS, 60 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16792, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16803, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16807, 2 males, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, OS, 39 m coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya,, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16722, 4 males, BIOSHELF St. RN1, 07º30 N, 098º22 E, OS, 64 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996. Thalamita sexlobata Miers, 1886 PMBC 16781, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya,, 27.02.1998. Thalamita sima H. Milne Edwards, 1834 PMBC 16719, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998. Thalamita spinifera Borradaile, 1902 PMBC 16732, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º33 N, 097º38 E, trawl, 83 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16731, 3 males, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16757, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16797, 1 male, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 098º02 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16778, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. D1, 08º45 N, 098º05 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.02.1998; PMBC 16730, 1 male, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 078º58 E, TD, 71 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 16801, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16799, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. RY2, 07º40 N, 098º24 E, OS, 44 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996; PMBC 16783, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º44 N, 098º33 E, TD, 34 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16694, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º44 N, 098º40 E, trawl, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16681, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 097º58 E, trawl, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 08.04.1997. Subfamily Podophthalminae Borradaile, 1907 Podophthalmus nacreus Alcock, 1899 PMBC 16756, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. NBB, 07º40 N, 098º20 E, OS, 60 m, coll. N. Bruce and G. Dinesen, 27.11.1997. Although originally described from the Andaman Sea, this rather uncommon species has apparently not previously been recorded from Thai

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 329 territorial waters. It is also known from east India, Gulf of Martaban, and north to Japan in the Western Pacific. Bathymetric range: 35 50 m (Sakai, 1976). Podophthalmus vigil (Fabricius, 1798) PMBC 16676, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. G1, 07º59 N, 098º14 E, TD, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.04.1996. Xanthidae Macleay, 1838 Gaillardiellus orientalis Odhner, 1925 PMBC 16879, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. This species is quite common in shallow waters in many parts of South-East Asia. It is, however, a new record, for Thailand. Nanocassiope alcocki (Rathbun, 1902) PMBC 16878, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C5, 09º01 N, 097º27 E, TD, 191 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.04.1996. N. alcocki was previously known only from the western Indian Ocean; the present record marks a significant easterly range extension. The genus has been most recently discussed by Davie (1995). Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819 Subfamily Pilumninae Samouelle, 1819 Actumnus obesus Dana, 1852 PMBC 16880, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º02 N, 098º03 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.04.1996; PMBC 16874, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 097º58 E, TD, 71 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996. Bathypilumnus sinensis (Gordon, 1930) PMBC 16881, 2 juv., BIOSHELF St. E20 m, 08º29 N, 098º12 E, TD, 20 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996. This species, originally described as a Pilumnus, was redescribed and figured by Ng and Tan (1984: 18 19, fig. 5, pl. 2C, D), and made the type species of Bathypilumnus Ng and Tan, 1984. It is known from 22 130 m depth on substrata of sand, shell and mud, from Hong Kong and the South China Sea west to the Gulf of Thailand, the Andaman Islands and the Laccadive Archipelago. While the present material is within the known range, it has apparently not been previously reported from Thai territorial waters (Naiyanetr, 1998). Nanopilumnus rouxi (Balss, 1935) PMBC 16875, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. Pilumnus longicornis Hilgendorf, 1878 PMBC 16883, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998.

330 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Subfamily Rhizopinae Stimpson, 1858 Ceratoplax sp. PMBC 15356, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, OS, 45 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 06.05.1996; PMBC 15357, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K2, 07º00 N, 099º04 E, TD, 55 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 15360, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. L2, 06º43 N, 099º03 E, OS, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 25.02.1998; PMBC 15361, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. T2, 06º43 N, 098º58 E, TD, 71 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 25.02.1998. The taxonomy of this genus is still not very satisfactory (see Ng, 1987), and while we are unable to key the present specimens to any species with confidence, it may not be undescribed. The genus is in an urgent need of revision. Typhlocarcinus (?) craterifer Rathbun, 1914 PMBC 15362, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, BC, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 15336, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. This species is poorly known. It was originally described from the Philippines, but Serène (1964) dramatically extended its known distribution to off Durban, South Africa. The present specimens accord reasonable well with the figures and descriptions of Rathbun and Serène; however, they are still identified with some doubt because of the small amount of material known, and the lack of male specimens. Comparison with the type material will be necessary for certainty. A new record for Thailand. Typhlocarcinops (?) canaliculata Rathbun, 1909 PMBC 15355, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07º45 N, 098º16 E, OS, 31 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 15354, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB1, 08º00 N, 098º29 E, OS, 17 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 23.04.1997. The present specimens agree well with the description and figures of Serène (1964: 226 227, fig. 9, pl. 19C), however his specimen, a male from Edam Island, north of Jakarta, Indonesia, was also doubtfully identified. More work looking at a range of material is needed to be certain of the identity of our species. According to Naiyanetr (1998), T. canaliculata has been recorded from several sites in the Gulf of Thailand; however, the present record would be a westerly range extension. Typhlocarcinops gallardoi Serène, 1964 PMBC 15363, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB8, 07º44 N, 099º51 E, TD, 22 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997. This species was described from Indonesia (Java Sea, and off Sarnalona, Makassar). The present specimen is a new record for Thailand. Typhlocarcinops sp. 1 PMBC 15371, 2 females, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, BC, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 15368, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB2, 08º00 N, 098º39 E, BC, 17 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 15364, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB5, 07º52 N, 098º48 E, BC, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 331 Although Ng (1987) reviewed the state of taxonomy for this genus, and the genus is easy to identify; nothing short of a full revision will settle the uncertainties of the identities of the various species in the genus. As such, we prefer not to identify the two species encountered until then. Typhlocarcinops sp. 2 PMBC 15365, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E4, 08º30 N, 097º33 E, BC, 74 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.04.1996. Xenophthalmodes dolichophallus Tesch, 1918 PMBC 15343, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 15366, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07º45 N, 098º16 E, OS, 31 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 15367, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. H2, 07º45 N, 098º15 E, OS, 56 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; PMBC 15352, 1 male, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Goneplacidae Macleay, 1838 Subfamily Goneplacinae Macleay, 1838 Ommatocarcinus pulcher Barnard, 1950 PMBC 16835, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º56 E, TD, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998. This species appears to have been rarely collected. Originally described from off Natal, South Africa, it has subsequently been reported from Guangdong, China (Dai and Yang, 1991: 408, fig. 199(2, 3), pl. 55(3)). The present specimen is a new record for Thailand. Singhaplax ockelmanni (SerHne, 1971) PMBC 16852, 1 female, Andaman Sea, no station data. Subfamily Chasmocarcininae Serène, 1964 Chasmocarcinops gelasimoides Alcock, 1900 PMBC 16846, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º57 E, BC, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 16854, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. H1, 07º46 N, 098º16 E, OS, 40 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16844, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. I20 m, 07º30 N, 098º01 E, OS, 21 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16850, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. I1, 07º30 N, 098º57 E, BC, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16831, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. I1, 07º30 N, 098º57 E, OS, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 03.05.1996; PMBC 16856, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J3, 07º15 N, 098º36 E, OS, 77 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16845, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, OS, 45 m, 06.05.1996; PMBC 15334, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16849, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16840, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06º49 N, 099º21 E, TD, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16857, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. RY1, 07º35 N, 098º16 E, OS, 68 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.02.1998; PMBC 16855, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB3, 07º51 N, 098º32 E, TD, 33 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 21.02.1998.

332 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Hephthopelta mortenseni SerHne, 1964 PMBC 15353, 6 males, 14 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º48 E, OS, 63 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998. Scalopidia spinosipes Stimpson, 1858 PMBC 15335, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º15 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Subfamily Carcinoplacinae H. Milne Edwards, 1852 Carcinoplax bispinosa Rathbun, 1914 PMBC 16833, 2 males, BIOSHELF St. A1, 09º30 N, 097º56 E, TD, 49 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16851, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. B1, 09º14 N, 098º00 E, OS, 45 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16863, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B2, 09º15 N, 097º54 E, OS, 58 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16836, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B2, 09º15 N, 097º54 E, TD, 61 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16858, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. C2, 09º00 N, 097º56 E, OS, 60 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16864, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. G2, 08º00 N, 098º10 E, OS, 63 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.04.1996; PMBC 16859, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. H2, 07º46 N, 098º14 E, TD, 57 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 20.02.1998; PMBC 16842, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. I2, 07º30 N, 098º31E, TD, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 01.05.1996; PMBC 16832, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. J1, 07º15 N, 099º03 E, TD, 42 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16868, 1 male, 1 juv., BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º15 N, 098º48 E, OS, 63 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16861, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07º16 N, 098º49 E, trawl, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 16867, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K2, 07º00 N, 099º04 E, trawl, 52 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16841, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. K3, TD, 76 m, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16847, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. RN1, 07º30 N, 098º22 E, TD, 63 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 08.05.1996; PMBC 16839, 4 males, BIOSHELF St. T1, OS, 61 m, 25.02.1998; PMBC 16830, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. L2, 06º44 N, 099º04 E, TD, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 25.02.1998; PMBC 16838, 2 males, 3 juv., BIOSHELF St. T2, 06º43 N, 098º57 E, OS, 72 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 25.02.1998; PMBC 16703, 3 males, BIOSHELF St. T2, 07º43 N, 098º58 E, TD, 71 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 25.02.1998. C. bispinosa has recently been redescribed and figured as part of her generic revision by Guinot (1989: 307 309, fig. 23A, B, 30A, B, pl. XI, A F). It was previously only known from the Philippines, China and Japan, so the present specimens are the first to be found in the Indian Ocean, and mark a significant westerly range extension. Hexapodidae Miers, 1886 Hexapinus sp. 1 PMBC 16735, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. The partial revision of the family by Manning and Holthuis (1981) has solved many outstanding problems with the generic structure within the family. Unfortunately, many of the Indo-West Pacific species in the various genera are rather poorly known. We are not confident to assign species names to the three species on hand at the

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 333 moment. Raymond Manning was in the midst of a revision of these crabs but his untimely death has resulted in a complete stop. Currently, the first two authors are looking into this matter, together with extensive material from the South China Sea and Australia. Hexapinus sp. 2 PMBC 16745, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. K1, 07º00 N, 099º16 E, OS, 41 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998. Hexapinus sp. 3 PMBC 16755, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A2, 09º32 N, 097º50 E, OS, 66 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.04.1996; PMBC 16766, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º41 E, OS, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.97. Palicidae Bouvier, 1897 Palicus woodmasoni (Alcock, 1900) or Rectopalicus woodmasoni (Alcock, 1900) PMBC 16196, 1spec. (damaged), BIOSHELF St. H3, 07º46 N, 097º58 E, TD, 71 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996. This species will be referred to a new genus in an upcoming revision of the family by P. Castro. It is a new record for Thailand waters. Parapalicus ambonensis Moosa and Serène, 1981 PMBC 16197, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09º15 N, 097º42 E, TD, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998. A new record for Thailand waters. Pinnotheridae De Haan, 1833 Tetrias fischeri (A. Milne Edwards, 1867) PMBC 16877, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. C1, 09º00 N, 098º02 E, TD, 43 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 17.02.1998; PMBC 16882, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, TD, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; PMBC 16876, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB6, 07º45 N, 098º36 E, trawl, 24 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 27.02.1998. DISCUSSION The most interesting result to come out of this study is the remarkable number of new records for Thailand. Of the 102 species recorded, over one-third (38) have not been previously reported. While it is true that many are wide-ranging species, and may have been expected to be found off western Thailand, this further illustrates the existing poor state of knowledge of the biodiversity of this region. In addition, for some groups, such as the Goneplacidae and Hexapodidae, it is clear that there are a number of new species to be described, several of which may prove to be endemic to the north-eastern Indian Ocean. It is intended that parts of the present collection will be the subject of revisionary studies now underway by the first two authors. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank the organisers of the International Workshop on the Biodiversity of Crustacea in the Andaman Sea and Island of Phuket, Thailand, for their invitation to attend, and for creating such a pleasant work environment during our stay, and in particular Drs Niel Bruce and Matz Berggren. Dr Peter Castro is also gratefully acknowledged for his assistance in identifying the species of Palicidae. Paul Clark and Daniele Guinot made valuable comments on the manuscript which have improved the paper.

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Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 337 Milne Edwards, H. 1852. De la famille des ocypodides (Ocypodidae). Second Mémoire, in, Observations sur les affinités zoologiques et la classification naturelle des Crustacés. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoology)18: 128 166 pls 3, 4. Milne Edwards, A. 1861. Etudes zoologiques sur les Crustacés récents de la famille des Portuniens. Archives du Muséum National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris 10: 309 428, pls 28 38 Milne Edwards, A. 1867. Descriptions de quelques espèces nouvelles de CrustacIs Brachyures. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (4)7: 263 288. Milne Edwards, A. 1878. Notes sur quelques Crustacés nouveaux appartenant au groupe des Oxyrhyniques. Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7)2: 222 225. Moosa, M.K. and R. Serène. 1981. Observations on the Indo-West-Pacific Palicidae (Crustacea: Decapoda) with descriptions of two new subfamilies, four new genera and six new species. Marine Research in Indonesia 22: 21 66, figs 1 14, pls 1 3. Naiyanetr, P. 1998. Checklist of Crustacean Fauna in Thailand (Decapoda and Stomatopoda). Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand. 161 p. Ng, P.K.L. and L.W.H. Tan. 1984. The Indo-Pacific Pilumnidae I. Description of four new species of the genus Pilumnus Leach, 1815, and definition of a new genus, Bathypilumnus. Journal of the Singapore National Academy of Science 13: 13 19. Ng, P.K.L. and P.J.F. Davie. 2002. A checklist of the brachyuran crabs of Phuket and western Thailand. Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 369 384. Ng, P.K.L., Lai, J.C.Y. and C. Aungtonya. 2002. The box and moon crabs of Thailand, with description of a new species of Calappa (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Calappidae and Matutidae). Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360. Odhner, T. 1925. Monographierte Gattungen der Krabbenfamilie Xanthidae. I. Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps-och Vitterhets-samhälles Handlingar. Ny Tidsföljd 29(1): 1 92 figs 1 7 pls 1 5. Ovaere, A. A. 1986. A new record and redescription of Myra acutidens Ihle, 1918 (Brachyura, Leucosiidae) from northern Papua New Guinea. Bulletin Institute Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Biologie 56: 121-124. Paul son, O.M. 1875. Studies on Crustacea of the Red Sea with notes regarding other Seas. Part I. Podophthalmata and Edriophthalmata (Cumacea). The Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem. 164 pp., 21 pls. Rafinesque-Schmaltz, C.S. 1815. Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l univers et de corps organisés. Palermo 224 pp. Rathbun, M.J. 1902. Crabs from the Maldive Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 39(5): 123 138, 1 pl. Rathbun, M.J. 1909. New crabs from the Gulf of Siam. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 22: 107 114. Rathbun, M.J. 1910. The Danish Expedition to Siam 1899 1900. V. Brachyura. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes. Selskabs Skrifteri. Kjøbenhavn (Ser. 7) 5(4): 303 368, pls 1 2. Rathbun, M.J. 1911. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. III. No. XI. Marine Brachyura. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zool.) 14(2): 191 261, text figs 1, 2, pls 15 20. Rathbun, M.J. 1914. A new genus and some new species of the family Goneplacidae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 48(2067): 137 154.

338 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Rathbun, M.J. 1937. The oxystomatous and allied crabs of America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 166: i vi, 1 278, pls 1 86. Rüppeel, E. 1830. Beschreibung und Abbildung von 24 Arten kurzschwdnzigen Krabben, als Beitrag zur Naturgeschichte des rothen Meeres. Frankfurt am. Main. H.L. Brönner, 28 pp. pls 1 6 Sakai, T. 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. Kodansha, Tokyo. 3 vols, pp. i-xxix + 1 773, text figs 1 379, maps 1 3 (English); pp. 1 16, pls 1 251 (Plates); pp. 1 461, text figs 1, 2 (Japanese). Samouelle, G. 1819. The entomologist s useful Compendium; or an introduction to the knowledge of British Insects, comprising the best means of obtaining and preserving them, and a description of the apparatus generally used; together with the genera of Linné, and modern methods of arranging the Classes Crustacea, Myriapoda, spiders, mites and insects, from the affinities and structure, according to the views of Dr. Leach. Also an explanation of the terms used in entomology; a calendar of the times of appearance and usual situations of near 3,000 species of British Insects; with instructions for collecting and fitting up objects for the microscope. Thomas Boys, London. 496 pp. 12 pls. Semper, C. 1880. In, Nauck, E., Des Kaugerust der Brachyuren. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 34: 1 69, 1 pl. Serène, R. 1964. Gonoplacidae et Pinnotheridae: In: Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen s Pacific Expedition 1914 1916, 80. Récoltes par le Dr. Mortensen. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Danske Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn 126: 181 282, text figs 1 22, pls 16 24. Serène, R. 1971. Observations préliminaires sur des brachyoures nouveaux ou mal connus du Sud-Est asiatique (Crustacea Decapoda). Bulletin du Muséum National d Histoire Naturelle. Paris (2)42(5): 903 918, pls 1 6. Serène, R. and P. Lohavanijaya. 1973. The Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) collected by the Naga Expedition, including a review of the Homolidae. In: Scientific Results of Marine Investigations of the south China Sea and the gulf of Thailand 1959 1961. Naga Report 4(4): 1 186, figs 1 21, 1 chart. Serène, R. and C.L. Soh. 1976. Brachyura collected during the Thai Danish Expedition (1966). Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin 12: 1 37, figs 1 28, pls 1 7. Serène, R. and A.F. Umali. 1972. The family Raninidae and other new and rare species of brachyuran decapods from the Philippines and adjacent regions. Philippine Journal of Science 99(1 2): 21 105, text figs 1 131, pls 1 9. Shen, C.-J. 1934. The Crabs of Hong Kong. Part 4. Family Portunidae (cont.). Hong Kong Naturalist Suppl. no. 3: 37 56, text figs 1 18. Stephenson, W. and S. Cook. 1973. Studies of Portunus gladiator complex and related species of Portunus (Crustacea: Decapoda). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 16(3): 415 34. Stephenson, W. and M. Rees. 1967. Some portunid crabs from the Pacific and Indian Oceans in the collections of the Smithsonian Institution. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 120(3556): 1 114, 9 pls. Stimpson, W. 1871. Preliminary report on the Crustacea dredged in the Gulf Stream in the Straits of Florida, by L.F. de Pourtales, Assist. U.S. Coast Survey. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 2: 109 160. Stimpson, W. 1858. Crustacea Cancroidea et Coryoidea: Prodromus descriptionis animalium evertebratorum quae in Expeditione ad Oceanum Pacificum Septentrionalem, a Republica Federata missa, Cadwaladaro Ringgold et Johanne Rodgers Ducibus, observavit et descripsit W. Stimpson. Pars IV. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 10: 31 40.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 313 339 (2002) 339 Stimpson, W. 1907. Report on the Crustacea (Brachyura and Anomura) collected by the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, 1853 1856. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 49(3): 1 240, pls 1 26. Tesch, J.J. 1918. The Decapoda Brachyura of the Siboga-Expedition. II, Goneplacidae and Pinnotheridae. Siboga Expeditie Monogr. 39(c1): 149 295, pls 7 18. Wee, D.P.C. and P.K.L. Ng. 1995. Swimming crabs of the genera Charybdis De Haan, 1833, and Thalamita Latreille, 1829 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae) from Peninsula Malaysia and Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement No. 1: 1 128. Williams, A.B. 1982. Revision of the genus Latreillia Roux (Brachyura: Homoloidea). Quaderni del Laboratorio Technologia della Pesca 3(2 5): 227 255.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 341 THE BOX AND MOON CRABS OF THAILAND, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF CALAPPA (CRUSTACEA: BRACHYURA: CALAPPIDAE, MATUTIDAE) Peter K. L. Ng 1, Joelle C. Y. Lai 1 and Charatsee Aungtonya 2 1 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 11920, Republic of Singapore 2 Phuket Marine Biological Center, P.O. Box 60, Phuket 83000, Thailand ABSTRACT Eleven species of box crabs (Calappidae: Calappa bicornis, C. calappa, C. capellonis, C. clypeata, C. gallus, C. hepatica, C. lophos, C. philargius, C. bilineata sp. nov., C. undulata, Mursia africana) and five species of moon crabs (Matutidae: Ashtoret lunaris, A. miersii, Izanami curtispina, Matuta planipes, Matuta victor) are recorded from Thailand. Of these, one (Calappa bilineata) is a new species allied to C. philargius, while six are new records for Thailand (Calappa capellonis, C. bicornis, C. undulata, Mursia africana, Ashtoret miersii, Izanami curtispina). Six species are known only from the Andaman Sea, western Thailand. The record of Mursia africana is interesting as it was previously only known from East Africa. Keys are provided for all 16 species now known from Thailand. INTRODUCTION The box and moon crabs of the families Calappidae and Matutidae (sensu Stevcic, 1983; Bellwood, 1996) respectively, are well represented in Thailand, with Naiyanetr (1998) listing nine species, viz. Calappidae: Calappa calappa (Linnaeus, 1758), C. gallus (Herbst, 1803), C. hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758), C. lophos (Herbst, 1782), C. philargius (Linnaeus, 1758), C. terrareginae Ward, 1936, and Matutidae: Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål, 1775), Matuta planipes Fabricius, 1798, and Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781). In her recent revision, Galil (1997) synonymised C. terrareginae Ward, 1936, under C. clypeata Borradaile, 1903. The taxonomy of the moon crabs of the genus Matuta have also been re-appraised by Galil and Clark (1994) and the generic affinities and specific identities of many species have changed. The Calappidae has long been considered to contain two distinct subfamilies, Calappinae De Haan, 1833, and Matutidae De Haan, 1835. There have been calls, however, to recognise both these taxa as separate families (e.g. Stevcic, 1983), but most carcinologists adopt a more conservative approach in regarding them as only distinct subfamilies (e.g. Ng, 1998). A recent analysis of the intrafamilial relationships (Bellwood, 1996) supports the idea that they should be considered as separate families and are here recognised as such. All calappids can be distinguished by having all their ambulatory dactyli normal and not paddle-like, the right and always larger chela armed with a pair of special cutting teeth designed for cutting open gastropods (Ng and Tan, 1984), and the posterolateral part of carapace usually well expanded and forming a clypeiform structure which covers most of the legs (Ng, 1998). The Matutidae are distinguished by their ambulatory dactyli being distinctly paddle-like, both chelae being subequal in size and neither with special cutting teeth, and the carapace having distinct median lateral spines of varying lengths but with the posteorlateral part never expanded (Ng, 1998). Of the above species, all but Calappa clypeata (as C. terrareginae) have been reported from western Thailand. Recent collections in Phuket and

342 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea surrounding waters of western Thailand (Andaman Sea) have obtained numerous calappid and matutid specimens, six of which represent new records for the country, viz. Calappa capellonis Laurie, 1906, C. bicornis Miers, 1884, C. undulata Dai and Yang, 1991, Mursia africana Galil, 1993, Ashtoret miersii (Henderson, 1887) and Izanami curtispina (Sakai, 1961). One species of Calappa, C. bilineata, is here described as new. Although most of the above new records are not remarkable in that most of the species have an Indo-West Pacific distribution, their presence in Thai waters is noteworthy nevertheless. A total of sixteen species from these two families are now recorded from Thailand. Of these, thirteen occur in western Thailand. Seven species, Calappa capellonis, C. bicornis, C. bilineata, C. undulata, Mursia africana, Ashtoret miersii and Izanami curtispina are not yet known from eastern Thailand (including the Gulf of Thailand). With the possible exceptions of Mursia africana and Ashtoret miersii, which are only known from the Indian Ocean, we do not believe that the rest of the observed trends are real, with their absence only reflecting poor collecting. Most of the specimens used for this study were collected during the biodiversity study of the marine fauna and flora on the Andaman Sea shelf which was conducted aboard the research vessel, Chakratong Tongyai, and operated by the Phuket Marine Biological Center (PMBC) between 1996 1998. Additional samples were collected around Phuket Island during the Biodiversity Workshop on Crustacea in the Andaman Sea (29 November to 20 December 1998). Specimens which were collected by two other research vessels, R.V. Paknam and R.V. Chulabhorn, and obtained during the 5 th Thai Danish Expedition were also included. The specimens examined are deposited primarily in the Reference Collection at Phuket Marine Biological Center, Thailand. Additional specimens collected from Phuket in the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC); and Zoological Reference Collection of the Raffles Museum (ZRC), National University of Singapore, have also been included in this study for completeness. For the study of Calappa philargius and C. bilineata sp. nov., additional specimens have also been examined from the National Science Museum, Tokyo (NSMT), Japan; Berlin Museum (ZMB), Germany; Australian Museum (AMS), Sydney, Australia; Western Australian Museum (WAM), Perth, Australia; Queensland Museum (QM), Brisbane, Australia; Uppsala University Zoological Museum (UUZM), Sweden; Muséum National d Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France; Natural History Museum (NHM), London, England; and Nationaal Natuurhistorish Museum (previously known as the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie (RMNH), Leiden, The Netherlands. The lobes or teeth of the posterior carapace margin are counted from the posterolateral corner inwards, with the first tooth being outermost. Measurements provided are of the maximum carapace width and length respectively (spines inclusive). The abbreviations G1 and G2 are used for the male first and second pleopods respectively. Colour photographs are provided for the species obtained recently. Unless otherwise stated, all specimens are from Phuket Island. Complete synonymies and author citations for species are not provided for the taxa treated, and the readers are asked to consult Galil (1997) and Galil and Clark (1994) instead. TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT Family Calappidae De Haan, 1833 Key to Thai species of Calappidae 1. Lateral margin of carapace with long, well developed spine; no clypeiform process evident...mursia africana Lateral margin of carapace rounded, never with distinct spine; clypeiform process well developed...2

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 343 2. Margin of entire clypeiform (expanded posterior edge) part of carapace smooth, entire, not armed...c. calappa Clypeiform (expanded posterior edge) part of carapace with at least some part of the margin armed with spines or teeth...3 3. Dorsal surface of carapace completely smooth, sometimes with scattered very low granules on gastric and branchial regions...4 Dorsal surface of carapace distinctly covered with numerous granules of various types (bead-like to squamate or mammilate)...7 4. Lateral and posterolateral margins of clypeiform part of carapace with distinct but low to very low, obtusely triangular teeth...c. clypeata Lateral margins of clypeiform part of carapace with distinct acutely triangular, laterally directed projections, posterolateral margin with distinct obliquely directed spines or teeth...5 5. Posterolateral margin of carapace (including clypeiform part) armed with broad teeth, each of which has the outer edge produced into a sharp tooth or spine; carapace with purple lines on lateral regions, purple spots on median and posterior regions in life...c. lophos Posterior margin of carapace (including clypeiform part) armed with strong, acutely triangular teeth; purple ring around each orbit in life...6 6. Dorsal surface of carapace without longitudinal purple or maroon stripes; carpus and palm of cheliped each with large, prominent purple spot on outer surface...c. philargius Dorsal surface of carapace with 2 prominent longitudinal purple or maroon stripes medially; carpus and palm of cheliped uniformly coloured, without any purple spot on outer surface...c. bilineata 7. Frontal margin rounded to subtruncate but not distinctly bilobed...c. gallus Frontal margin distinctly bilobed to differing degrees...8 8. Carapace surface and outer surface of chela with numerous with numerous flattened, rounded...c. capellonis Dorsal surface of carapace distinctly covered with numerous granules of various types (bead-like or squamate); posterolateral margin of carapace with low but distinct teeth whose margins are distinctly granulated...9 9. Carapace much broader than long, egg-like, length to width ratio 1.5 1.7; posterolateral margin appears rounded or with 2 3 very sharp spines on each side; life colour a uniform yellowish-grey to grey or greenish...c. hepatica Carapace broader than long, appears rounded, length to width ratio less than 1.4; posterolateral margin distinctly dentate, never with sharp spines; life colour otherwise...10 10. Dorsal surface of carapace with numerous bead-like granules which may be sharp on most parts; frontal margin deeply clefted medially; carapace colour uniform brown in life; carpus of cheliped uniformly coloured, without large coloured spot...c. bicornis Dorsal surface of carapace with many very low, rounded granules on anterior part of carapace, posterior part with striae; frontal margin gently clefted medially; carapace appears bi-coloured in life, with posterior one-third mainly dirty white to yellow and anterior two-thirds brown to blackish-brown; carpus of cheliped with large, prominent yellow spot on outer surface in life...c. undulata

344 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Calappa bicornis Miers, 1884 (Fig. 1A) PMBC 14605, 1 female, 72.6 by 57.0 mm, Pichai fish port, trawl, 24.12.1990; ZRC 2000.0870, 1 female, 78.2 by 62.0 mm, Pichai fish port, trawl, August 1999. Two specimens collected by trawlers from somewhere off Phuket represents the first record of this species from Thailand. The deeply-cleft rostrum of this species is distinctive. The fresh colours of this species are diagnostic (Fig. 1A), with the large conical granules on the outer surface of the chela being blood-red. Calappa calappa (Linnaeus, 1758) None from Thailand. This is the largest Calappa species in the Indo- West Pacific (Galil, 1997). The species exists in two colour morphs (one plain beige and one beige with numerous distinct unecen spots), but as far as is known, only the uniformly coloured beige or light brown form is present in the Indian Ocean. The taxonomy of these two morphs is now being investigated by the first two authors using morphological and molecular methods. Naiyanetr (1998) records this species from western Thailand but we have not examined any specimens from this area as yet. Calappa calappa is essentially a coral-reef species, occurring in the sandy areas between coral heads, usually in the sub-littoral region. Calappa capellonis Laurie, 1906 (Fig. 1B) PMBC 2033, 1 male, Phuket; PMBC 16811, 2 males, 3 females, BIOSHELF St. PB3 4, 07º51 N, 098º38 E, trawl, 27 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16816, 2 males, 13 juveniles, Kai Island Dok Mai Island, trawl, 24 m, 27.02.1998; PMBC 17005, 1 female, ZRC 1999.0122, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, December 1998; ZRC 1999.0123, 4 males, 5 females, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, April 1999. This is a distinctive species with its large mammilate granules which are distributed all over the carapace including on the clypeiform process. The life colours are also diagnostic among all Thai species, being essentially dark brown all over (Fig. 1B). Calappa capellonis can easily be confused with C. gallus, but in C. capellonis, the front is more distinctly cleft, the carapace appears more transverse (against more rounded) and the gonopods are differently structured (Galil, 1997). Records of C. gallus by Nateewathana et al. (1981) and Naiyanetr (1998) should be referred to C. capellonis instead (see later). Calappa capellonis was originally described from Sri Lanka. Calappa clypeata Borradaile, 1903 (Fig. 1C) PMBC 16814, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. PB3 4, 07º51 N, 098º38 E, trawl, 27 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 21.02.1998; PMBC 16828, 1 female, Andaman Sea, trawl, 43 m, 21.04.1997; PMBC 16827, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. PB7, 07º45 N, 098º41 E, triangular dredge, 29 m, coll. S. Bussarawit, 22.04.1997; PMBC 16817, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. L1, 06 49 N, 099 21 E, triangular dredge, 39 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 24.02.1998; PMBC 16823, 1 juvenile, BIOSHELF St. H36, 07 44 N, 098 17 E, Ockelmann dredge, 32 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 09.05.1996; ZRC 2000.1067, 4 females, 1 male; PMBC 17010, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, December 1998; ZRC 1999.0125, 3 males (1 with sacculinid parasite), 18 females (1 ovigerous), Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawlers, April 1999.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 345 Figure 1 Live coloration. A, Calappa bicornis; B, C. capellonis; C, C. clypeata; D, C. pustulosa; E, C. lophos (adult); F, C. lophos (juvenile); G, C. bilineata (adult); H, C. bilineata (juvenile).

346 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea This species has long been known as Calappa terraereginae Ward, 1936 (type locality Australia), and it was only recently that Galil (1997) synonymised it under C. clypeata (type locality Maldives). In the Andaman Sea, it appears to be very common in relatively shallow waters. Calappa clypeata is distinct among the Thai calappids in being the only species which is greenish-yellow in colour all over with large pinkish patches. In this respect, however, it seems to differ somewhat from the more pinkish carapace colour reported for the Australian and Pacific specimens (as C. terraereginae) (Galil, 1997). The significance of these colour differences cannot be ascertained and may just be geographical variation, our recent direct comparisons of specimens from the Andamans with those from the South China Sea and Australia do not reveal any obvious differences at the moment. Figure 2 Live coloration. A, B, Calappa undulata (different colour morphs); C, C. lophos (chelae); D, C. bilineata (chelae); E, Ashtoret miersii; F, Izanami curtispina; G, Matuta victor.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 347 Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) PMBC 14606, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08 30 N, 098 06 E, triangular dredge, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996. Calappa gallus had been reported from Phuket by Nateewathana et al. (1981) and Naiyanetr (1998) but this record is incorrect. Their record was based on a specimen identified by S. Lundoer in 1974 and deposited in the Reference Collection (PMBC 2033) we have examined it and it should be referred to C. capellonis instead. Calappa gallus is easily confused with C. undulata or C. capellonis (see Galil, 1997) but they can be separated by several distinct features (see discussion for C. capellonis). The present specimen (PMBC 14606) is thus the first true record of C. gallus from Phuket and western Thailand. Galil (1997) discusses in depth and resolves most of the taxonomic problems associated with this species (see also Ng, 2000). Specimens of C. gallus the first author has seen from East and South China Seas have been collected on reef flats, with the animals hopping from rock to rock when foraging. See also discussion for C. capellonis. Calappa hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) PMBC 17110, 2 males, 2 females, Andaman Sea, trawled outside PMBC, 24.02.1971. This is a common littoral and sublittoral species from coral reefs. We have observed specimens from amongst sea-grass beds, and appears to be one of the preferred habitats of this species. Calappa lophos (Herbst, 1782) (Figs 1D, E; 2C) PMBC 16809, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09 31 N, 097 38 E, triangular dredge, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16810, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J3 J2, 07 14 N, 098 37 E, trawl, 76 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 17127, 1 female, R.V. Paknam, off Rak Island, trawl, 74 m, 15.03.1989; PMBC 16824, 2 juveniles, Andaman Sea, 8.04.1997; PMBC 17031, 1 female, ZRC 1998.1141, 10 males, 4 females, QMW 25760, 2 males, 2 females, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawlers, December 1998; ZRC 1999.0126, 5 males, 1 juvenile, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, April 1999. This is one of the largest calappids known from Thailand (greater than 100 mm carapace width), and second only to Calappa calappa in size (see Ng, 1998). Smaller specimens tend to have a somewhat more granulose carapace, especially on the anterior half. The markings on clypeiform process and chelipeds are distinctive (Figs. 1E, 2C). In smaller specimens, the ventral surface of the whole specimen (including the chelipeds) are dirty orange in colour. Small specimens also have two to four regularly arranged ocelli on the carapace which are lost when the specimen becomes larger (Fig. 1F). Galil (1997) synonymised C. quadrimaculata Takeda and Shikatani, 1990 (known only from Japan and Taiwan) with this species, arguing that their specimens were merely juveniles. This is incorrect and C. quadrimaculata is in fact a valid species (Ng et al., 1999). The problems associated with the taxonomy of this species has been discussed in some depth by Ng et al. (1999).

348 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Calappa philargius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figs 3, 4A, 5A, 6A, C) Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758: 626. Galil, 1997: 307, Figs. 17d, 20d, 21, 33. Ng, 1998: 1097. Sakai, 1999: 20 21, pl. 9a, fig. A. Cancer inconspectus Herbst, 1794: 162, pl. 40 fig. 3. Calappa cristata Fabricius, 1798: 346. (See Galil, 1997: 307, 308, for full synonymy with the exception of those listed for C. bilineata sp. nov.) Types: ZRC 1998.67, 1 male, 81.4 by 56.8 mm, neotype of Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758, and Calappa cristata Fabricius, 1798, Changi Beach, seine, 1.5 m, coll. P.K.L. Ng, 27.03.1998; ZMB 774, 1 dried female, 52.0 by 49.0 mm (excluding lateral teeth), lectotype of Cancer inconspectus Herbst, 1794, Asia. Other material: UUZM #240, 1 female, 84.0 by 62.0 mm, Linnaean material, Gustavo IV Adolf collection, no precise data, no date; THAILAND: ZRC 1999.0318, 1 male, 2 females, 1 ovigerous female, Pattani Fishing Port, Gulf of Thailand, April 1999; SINGAPORE: ZRC 2000.1175, 1 female, 07.06.2000; ZRC 1992.10537, 1 carapace, Changi, no other data; ZRC 2000.2384, 1 ovigerous female, east coast, June 1926; ZRC 2000.2385, 1 male, 1 female, Tuas, 05.03.1984; ZRC 1984.5356 5357, 2 males, 100.2 by 67.8 mm, Tuas, 08.09.1982; ZRC 1984.5352 5355, 4 males, 109.0 by 71.0 mm, Tuas, 13.09.1982; ZRC 1984.5358 5361, 3 males, 104.3 by 68.5 mm, Tuas, 09.10.1982; ZRC 1984.154 157, 3 males, 1 female, 110.3 by 76.1 mm, Tuas, 15.07.1983; ZRC 1981.8.14.150, 1 female, 92.7 by 64.0 mm, Tuas, 13.06.1981; ZRC 1984. 5362, 1 male, 113.5 by 73.5 mm, Tuas, 16.10.1982; ZRC 1984.5907, 1 male, 90.7 by 59.3 mm, Tuas, 15.02.1984; ZRC 1984.5367 5368, 2 males, 116.2 by 73.9 mm, Tuas, 07.01.1983; ZRC 1981.8.14.138, 1 male, 104.4 by 69.3 mm, Tuas, 02.05.1981; ZRC 1984.5351, 1 male, 115.3 by 73.0 mm, Tuas, 08.04.1982; ZRC 1984.146-148, 3 males, Tuas, no date; ZRC 1984.151 153, 3 males, 102.0 by 66.4 mm, Tuas, 15.07.1983; ZRC No 425, 1 male, 64.8 by 46.1 mm, 1 female, 58.1 by 40.5 mm, Tuas, no date; ZRC 1965.10.11.63 73, 4 males, 6 females, Siglap, June 1933; ZRC 1965.10.11.75, 1 male, 89.0 by 60.2 mm, Ponggol, 1941; ZRC No. 1965.10.11.77, 1 female, 106.9 by 74.3 mm, Ponggol, September 1926; ZRC 1984.5363-5366, 3 males, 1 female, 117.5 by 76.6 mm, Horsburgh Lighthouse, 26.11.1982; ZRC 1984.5369, 1 male, 93.5 by 62.3 mm, Horsburgh Lighthouse, 10.09.1983; ZRC 1984.5343 5344, 2 females, larger 114.9 by 80.8 mm, Horsburgh Lighthouse, 19.09.1983; ZRC 1984.5994, 1 male, 80.7 by 60.3 mm, South China Sea, 24.11.1955; ZRC 1984.5997, 1 female, 93.9 by 63.0 mm, South China Sea, no date; ZRC 1984.5998-5999, 1 male, 1 juvenile male, South China Sea, 27.03.1956; ZRC 1988.2232, 1 male, Singapore, no date; ZRC 5995 5996, 2 males, larger 103.5 by 68.1 mm, Singapore, 10.01.1956; ZRC 1984.6000 6001, 1 male, 1 female, 103.7 by 66.8 mm, Raffles Lighthouse, 17.09.1956; TAIWAN: ZRC 1995.580, 1 male, 1 female, off northeastern coast, shallow water <100m depth by gill net, June 1993; ZRC 1999.0804, 1 juvenile male, 25.1 by 19.2 mm, I-Lan County, Nan-Fang Ao fish port, Su-Ao, May 1999; ZRC 1997.741, 1 female, 30.0 by 23.1 mm, southwestern coast, Kao-Shiung, port at Tung-Kang, 05.09.1996; ZRC 1998.208, 3 juvenile males, largest 32.4 by 23.9 mm, ZRC 1997.709, 4 males, 2 females, 51.5 by 35.8 mm, 43.1 by 30.1 mm, Tai-Chi Port, I-Lan County, commercial inshore trawlers, shallow waters, 03 04.08.1996; ZRC 1999.0756, 1 male, 77.9 by 51.4 mm, Tai- Chi Port, I-Lan County, commercial in-shore trawlers, shallow waters, May 1999; CHINA: ZMUC 125, 1 male, 72.5 by 51.2 mm, identified as Calappa cristata Fabricius, 1798; VIETNAM: MNHN B 13466, 2 males, 106.3 by 69.2 mm, 70.0 by 47.4 mm, Cape Saint Jacques (Annam), 1962; JAPAN: NSMT 6089, 1 male, Kainoura, Wakayama, 11.01.1979; NSMT 6112, 1 male, Kii- Nagasima, Wakayama, 19.07.1979; NSMT 7603, 1 female, Kii-Nagasima, Wakayama, 16.12.1976; NSMT 6137, 1 male, Kainoura, Wakayama, 25.02.1979; NSMT 3027, 1 male, Tanabe Bay, Wakayama; NSMT 6159, 1 male, Owase, Mie, 21.02.1979; NSMT 3060, 1 male, Misaki, Sagami

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 349 Bay, 09.11.1962; NSMT 9670, 1 juvenile, Osima Passage, Anami-Osima, Ryukyus, 06.08.1988; NSMT 3152, 1 male, no other data; NSMT 3136, 1 female, no other data; NSMT 9625, 1 female, no other data; BORNEO: MNHN B 16286, 1 male, 83.3 by 55.4 mm, 1899; PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: ZRC 1965.10.11.74, 1 male, off East Coast of Malay Peninsula; ZRC 2000.2383, 1 male, 34.1 by 25.2 mm, Pangkor, rocky beach with sandy patches, 07.08.1965; WESTERN AUSTRALIA: WAM C.5575, 1 male, 67.1 by 97.1 mm, Dirk Hartog Island, Western Australia, 17.05.1938; WAM C.8676, 1 male, 73.6 by 110.5 mm, Shark Bay, Western Australia, September 1963; WAM C.8677, 1 male, Coral Bay, Shark Bay, Western Australia; WAM C.11216, 1 male, 52.2 by 72.8 mm, Shark Bay, Western Australia, 19.05.1973; WAM C.11556; 1 male, 52.5 by 76.0 mm, Exmouth Gulf Area, Western Australia, 14.09.1973; WAM C.7757, 1 male, 91.7 by 64.5mm, Canarvon, trawled, Western Australia, October December 1959; WAM C.20057, 1 female, Carnarvon, Western Australia, 24.01.1990. Diagnosis Width to length ratio of carapace ca. 1.5; dorsal surface smooth, convex; anterior part with minute flat tubercles. Rostrum slightly projecting, with 2 triangular teeth separated by deep sulcus. Median endostomial septum anteriorly visible with third maxillipeds closed. Anterolateral margin cristate, beaded. Clypeiform expansion well developed, with 4 teeth on posterolateral margin, fringed with setae. Posterior carapace margin with 7 well-developed granulated teeth, surface and base of teeth usually weakly granulate, tips of teeth usually slightly turned upwards; median tooth usually shorter than lateral teeth, sometimes subequal in length, never longer in adult specimens. Crest of chela with 7 teeth, distalmost 5 triangular, proximal 2 with relatively broader base, subtruncate. Lateral margin of fifth thoracic sternal segment margin rounded. Second abdominal segment with broadly rounded lateral margin. G1 curved distally, tapering apically to spinulate tip. Colour. Dorsal surface of carapace uniformly light grey to pale pink; external subdorsal surface Figure 3 Linnaean specimen of Calappa philargius. Dried female (84.0 by 62.0 mm) (UUZM #240).

350 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea of manus and carpus each with large purple to maroon spot. Inner surface of cheliped with red blotches arranged longitudinally. Dorsal surface of carapace uniformly coloured, without markings; purple to maroon horseshoe-shaped marking surrounding orbit. See also Sakai (1976), Ng (1988, 1998) and Ho (1996). Distribution Australia, Pacific Ocean to South-east Asia and Straits of Malacca. Calappa philargius (Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the better known species of box crabs in the Indo-West Pacific and large specimens can grow to sizes of 120 mm in carapace width (Ng, 1998). The taxonomy of Calappa philargius has long been regarded as very stable, with both Cancer inconspectus Herbst, 1794, and Calappa cristata Fabricius, 1798, regarded as junior synonyms for over a century (see Galil, 1997). The colour pattern of this species is very diagnostic, with a prominent red to purple spot each on the manus and carpus of the cheliped, and a maroon horseshoe-shaped marking encircling the orbit. In the waters off western Thailand, however, the specimens which have been referred to C. philargius differ from this typical form (which occurs all over South-East Asia and the western Pacific) most obviously in its colour pattern it has two longitudinal maroon stripes on its carapace and the outer surface of the chelipeds (manus and carpus) do not have spots. The present study shows that these two colour morphs are actually distinct species. The problem is to ascertain which is the real C. philargius. However, given the rather vague locality description given by Linnaeus (1758) ( Seas of Asia ), C. philargius could well have been collected anywhere in the Pacific or Indian Oceans. Thus the name C. philargius could belong to either morphotype. In the Linnaean collections in Uppsala, Sweden, there is specimen of Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758 (see Holm, 1957: 56). This specimen has not been figured before (Fig. 3). In September 1999, Mr. S. H. Tan examined the dried female specimen in question at the request of the first author and took numerous photographs. Even though the specimen, a dried female 84.0 by 62.0 mm (UUZM #240), was rather bleached and one of the median spines was broken, very faint red pigments could still be identified on the manus and carpus, and the slight upward tilt of the posterior spines were apparent, with the tilt on the damaged and regrown spine most obvious. These characters conform with what is now diagnosed as C. philargius s. str. The problem is that this specimen is clearly not one of Linnaeus type(s) of Cancer philargius. The specimen in question was labelled as from the collection of Gustav IV Adolf. The Gustav IV Adolfo collection was obtained by Linnaeus only after 1758, and was reported in his paper of 1764 (Holm, 1957: 56) (see also Wallin, 1997: 16). The present specimen in question was thus obtained only after Linnaeus s description of Cancer philargius in 1758. While Linnaeus himself probably identified the specimen, it certainly cannot be regarded as a type. The type of Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758, is thus almost certainly lost. Because two closely related species are recognised here, there is a need to establish a neotype to stabilise the nomenclature and taxonomy of the two taxa. It is best to designate a neotype for Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758, for the typical colour morph (without carapace stripes but with cheliped spots) as it is the one most commonly cited, figured and studied. To this effect, a male specimen, 81.4 by 56.8 mm recently collected from Singapore (ZRC 1998.67) is here designated as the neotype of the species. We have decided against naming the female lectotype of Cancer inconspectus Herbst, 1794 (see below), as the neotype of Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758, as it is dried, bleached and without obvious colours. Selecting a fresh specimen clearly recognisable as C. philargius, with colours and tissues (which can be used for future molecular work) intact seems preferable. The same rationale applies for not choosing the Linnaean specimen (UUZM #240) in Uppsala as the neotype. The identity of C. inconspectus Herbst, 1794, is not a problem. From Herbst s plates and figures (1974: 162, pl. 40 fig. 3), it is obvious that they are the same species as C. philargius. Sakai (1999)

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 351 recently provided photographs of a syntype female specimen in the Berlin Museum that confirmed this prognosis. The specimen, collected from somewhere in Asia, is typical of C. philargius as currently recognised, with a broad concavity on the teeth of the posterior margin of the carapace, even though it was also bleached such that the spots that are so diagnostic of C. philargius could not be clearly seen. In any case, Herbst s orginal figure of the species clearly shows the spots on the chelipeds and the absence of any stripes on the carapace. This specimen is here designated the lectotype of Cancer inconspectus Herbst, 1794. Calappa cristata, Fabricius, 1798, originally obtained from China, is more problematic as the type specimen of is believed to be lost (Zimsen, 1964: 650). There is one specimen labelled as C. cristata in the Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, which according to an attached label, was regarded by Rathbun to be a possible type specimen. However, the specimen was actually originally labelled by Krøyer, who was curator after Fabricius, and is very unlikely to be the said Fabricius type (T. Wolff, pers. comm.). The type, as Zimsen (1964) correctly concluded, is almost certainly lost. As no type material of Calappa cristata is extant, in the interest of taxonomic stability, it is best to select a neotype for this species. The most simple and rational thing to do here is to select as its neotype, the neotype of Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758. As such, Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758, and Calappa cristata Fabricius, 1798, become objective synonyms. Calappa bilineata sp. nov. (Figs 1G, H, 2D, 4B, 5B, 6B, D) Calappa philargius. Alcock, 1896: 145 (part). De Man, 1888: 196. Henderson, 1893: 396. Laurie, 1906: 353. Laurie, 1915: 409. Stephensen, 1946: 66. Guinot, 1962: 26, figs. 11 15, 17a b, 18a b, pl. 1 fig. 1, pl. 2 fig. 1. Guinot, 1967: 245. Sankarankutty, 1962: 153. Sekharan, 1961: 238 239. Galil, 1997: 307, 308 (part). Rice, 1999: 82. (not Cancer philargius Linnaeus, 1758) Holotype: PMBC 15789, male (93.1 by 64.9 mm), Andaman Sea, from Pichai Fishing Port, Thailand, December 1998. Paratypes: PMBC 14607, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09 31 N, 097 38 E, triangular dredge, 87 m, coll., 19.04.1996; PMBC 14608, 1 male, 3 females, no station data; PMBC 14609, 1 male, outside Phuket, 28.08.1973; PMBC 146101, male, 1 juvenile, Kai Island Dok Mai Island, trawl, 24 m, 27.02.1998; PMBC 17090, 1 juvenile male, BIOSHELF St. PB4, 07 52 N, 098 40 E, triangular dredge, 28 m, 21.02.1998; PMBC 17138, 1 female, outside Phuket, 28.08.1973; PMBC 17029, 1 male, St. 341, off Surin Island, 25 m, 1.06.1985; ZRC 1998.1140, 5 males, 2 females, 7 juveniles, QMW 25763, 2 males, 2 females, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fishing Port, Thailand, December 1998; PMBC 16965, 1 male, 3 females (ovigerous), Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, December 1998; ZRC 1999.0127, 10 males, 12 females, 3 juveniles, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, April 1999; ZRC 2000.1071, 4 males, 16 females, ZRC 2000.1072, 20 juveniles, Andaman Sea, 22.08.1999; AMS P60,1 male, 1 female, Andaman Sea, December 1999; ZRC 2000.811, 3 males, 3 females, Andaman Sea, 03 06.05.2000; ZRC 2000.975, 2 males, 5 females, 5 juveniles, Andaman Sea, 17 20.01.2000. Other materials: ZMUC 1803, 2 males, off Malay Peninsula, just clear of station 1023, Thai waters, trawl, 5th Thai Danish Expedition, 14.01.1966; NHM 1934.1.16.10 11, 3 juveniles, Gulf of Manaar, Sri Lanka; RMNH 2507, 1 female, Red Sea, Kossmann collection. Diagnosis Width to length ratio of carapace ca. 1.5; dorsal surface smooth, convex; anterior area with minute flat tubercles. Rostrum slightly projecting, with 2 triangular teeth separated by deep sulcus. Median endostomial septum visible with third maxillipeds closed. Anterolateral margin crested, beaded. Clypeiform expansion well developed, with 4 teeth on posterolateral margin, fringed with setae. Posterior carapace margin with 7 well-developed granulated teeth, median tooth subequal to adjacent teeth, occasionally longer, surface and base of teeth

352 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea prominently granulated, tips rounded in most adults. Crest of chela with 7 teeth, distalmost 5 triangular, proximal 2 with relatively broader base, subtruncate. Lateral margin of fifth thoracic sternite almost straight. Lateral margin of second abdominal segment angular. G1 curved distally, tapering apically to spinulate tip. Colour. Dorsal surface of carapace with two prominent maroon longitudinal lines medially; purplish to maroon horseshoe-shaped marking surrounding each orbit. External subdorsal surface of manus and carpus uniformly coloured, both without large maroon spots; inner surface of cheliped with red blotches arranged longitudinally. Etymology The name bilineata refers to the two distinctive longitudinal red stripes on the carapace. At first glance, the external morphology of Calappa bilineata sp. nov. is very similar to C. philargius (Linnaeus, 1758), the most striking difference being the colour pattern. While C. philargius possesses a large maroon spot each on the outer surface of the carpus and manus of the cheliped, these markings are absent on C. bilineata. This difference in colour pattern is valid for all the specimens we have examined of both species thus far. C. bilineata also has two prominent maroon longitudinal stripes flanking the gastric and cardiac region, which are absent in the specimens of C. philargius s. str. This pattern is very apparent even in specimens of C. bilineata as small as 20 mm in carapace width. In C. philargius s. str., the median part of the carapace is usually uniformed coloured, but some specimens may have two greyish longitudinal stripes but these are never as prominent or brightly coloured as those on C. bilineata. Other characters that separate the two species are the shape of the broad concavity between the posterior carapace teeth and the relative length of the posterior median carapace tooth in relation to the adjacent ones, shape of the second abdominal, margin of the fifth thoracic sternal segment, relative length of the posterior carapace spines and structure of the G1. In C. bilineata, the concavity between the posterior carapace spines is usually less pronounced than in specimens of C. philargius of equivalent sizes, with the median posterior spine subequal in length to the adjacent spines. These spines are relatively straight, either rounded at the tips or sharp, and extend further posteriorly away from the carapace margin (vs. a shorter median tooth compared with adjacent teeth, and the teeth not extending so posteriorly from the posterior carapace margin, with the tips slightly turned upwards in C. philargius). The bases and surfaces of the posterior carapace teeth are also usually very heavily granulated, much more so in C. bilineata than in C. philargius. The lateral margins of the second abdominal segment are also relatively more angular in C. bilineata compared with C. philargius which is usually more rounded and broader. The anterior margin of the fifth thoracic sternal segment is also almost straight whereas it is more rounded in C. philargius. The G1 structures of both species are different; with that of C. bilineata wider basally (before it curves outwards), compared with C. philargius which has this part appearing somewhat narrower. Most of the adult specimens of C. bilineata and C. philargius examined in this study show the above features, although in some cases, especially with juveniles and damaged specimens, discerning these differences may not be easy. The colour differences, however, are always clear and distinct in fresh specimens. In addition to the specimens listed here, the first two authors have between them, examined hundreds of fresh and/or live specimens of C. bilineata in Phuket and C. philargius in Taiwan, South China Sea and Singapore brought in by commercial trawlers over the years, and the colour differences observed (especially for the chelipeds) are completely reliable. Although Calappa philargius has been reported from the Indian Ocean (see Alcock, 1896), it is unclear whether those specimens were actually those of C. bilineata, since it has already been established that the known range of C. philargius is confined to South-East Asia and the Pacific. Calappa philargius occurs in waters south of Phuket through the Straits of Malacca and the west Pacific whereas all the C. bilineata specimens used in this study were from the Andaman Sea, Sri Lanka

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 353 Figure 4 Calappa philargius, Dorsal views: A, neotype male (81.4 by 56.8 mm) (ZRC 1998.67), Singapore; B, C. bilineata; holotype male (93.1 by 64.9 mm) (PMBC 15789), Andaman Sea.

354 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea and Red Sea. Alcock (1896) mentioned C. philargius in comparison with C. lophos (actually C. guerini), and very little detail regarding the life colour and morphology was discussed. Rice (1999: 82) provides a beautiful colour plate of a specimen (which was identified as C. philargius) from Ceylon (= Sri Lanka) painted by Pieter de Bevere in the Natural History Museum s Loten Collection of paintings. The markings on the specimen figured clearly identify it as C. bilineata. On the available evidence, specimens previously reported as C. philargius from the northern part of the Indian Ocean at least, should be referred to C. bilineata. The records of C. philargius by Jones and Morgan (1994) from the Indian Ocean along the coast of western Australia, however, belong to C. philargius, and are clearly not C. bilineata. The colour figure of C. philargius in Jones and Figure 5 Calappa philargius, Frontal views: A, neotype male (81.4 by 56.8 mm) (ZRC 1998.67), Singapore; B, C. bilineata; holotype male (93.1 by 64.9 mm) (PMBC 15789), Andaman Sea.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 355 Morgan (1994) matches perfectly what is here defined for this species, as confirmed through examination of their specimens. As such, C. bilineata seems to be restricted to the northern part of the Indian Ocean. We also have a large female specimen (RMNH 2507) from the Kossmann collection, supposedly collected from the Red Sea it is clearly referable to C. bilineata as presently defined, with its colour markings still evident. Calappa philargius, C. bilineata and C. dumortieri Guinot, 1962 (Red Sea) form a distinct group within the genus Calappa, with their welldeveloped and posteriorly-directed teeth being the most diagnostic character. Of these, C. philargius has the widest distribution while C. dumortieri appears to be confined to the Red Sea, with C. bilineata occuring in the northern part of the Indian Ocean and apparently also entering the Red Sea. Calappa philargius and C. bilineata have not been found sympatrically, although both may be expected in the northern part of the Malacca Straits which meets the Andaman Sea. Calappa pustulosa Alcock, 1896 (Fig. 1D) PMBC 14611, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J3 J2, 07 14 N, 098 37 E, trawl, 76 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 23.02.1998; PMBC 14612, 1 female, off Rak Island, trawl, 74 m, R.V. Paknam, 15.03.1989; PMBC 14613, 2 juveniles, Andaman Sea, 08.04.1997; ZRC 1999.0085, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Andaman Fisheries Research Station in Phuket, December 1998; PMBC 17114, 1 female, St. 36A, Andaman Sea, Myanmar, trawl, 115 135 m, R.V. Chulabhorn, 09.01.1989. This easily recognised species (originally described from the Indian Ocean) is characterised by deep carapace grooves and poorly developed clypeiform processes which do not completely cover the ambulatory legs. Comparisons with specimens from the South and East China Seas do not reveal any differences in colour or morphology. The pale white carapace with broad longitudinal reddish-brown streaks is diagnostic life coloration for this species (Fig. 1D), and is evident even in specimens the first author has examined from Taiwan. Calappa undulata Dai and Yang, 1991 (Fig. 2A, B) PMBC 16813, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. F2, 08 15 N, 098 04 E, triangular dredge, 59 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 16.02.1998; PMBC 16825, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. J2, 07 15 N, 098 51 E, triangular dredge, 62 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 04.05.1996; PMBC 14614, 1 male, 47.0 by 34.5 mm, BIOSHELF St. E1, 08º30 N, 098º06 E, triangular dredge, 38 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 22.04.1996; ZRC 1999.0121, 1 male, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, April 1999. Calappa undulata was originally described from the South China Sea. The present record of this apparently rare species from the Indian Ocean extends its range substantially into the Indian Ocean. The live colour of this species is very distinctive, with the posterior part lighter coloured than the rest of the carapace, the two colour zones being demarcated marked by undulating patterns and/or blotches (Fig. 2A, B). The darker anterior part may be dark maroon-brown (Fig. 2B) to orange-brown (Fig. 2A). One consistent character seems to be the presence of a bright yellow ocellus which has a red rim on the dorsal surface of the carpus of the cheliped. Chen (1993) had also clearly described and figured this colour pattern. Ng et al. (1999) provides additional comments on several aspects of the nomenclature of this species.

356 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Mursia africana Galil, 1993 PMBC 17003, 1 male, 68.3 mm (including lateral spines, excluding spines, 54.7 mm) by 42.2 mm, Andaman Sea, Thailand, 06 50 N, 097 54 E, 20.03.1989. The presence of this species in the Andaman Sea is very noteworthy as the species was previously known from only three specimens collected off East Africa. The present Thai specimen is an adult and keys best to Galil s (1993) description and figures for the species. One of the diagnostic features of this species, according to Figure 6 A, C, Calappa philargius: A, neotype male (81.4 by 56.8 mm) (ZRC 1998.67), Singapore; C, male (77.9 by 51.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.0756), Taiwan. B, D, Calappa bilineata; holotype male (93.1 by 64.9 mm) (PMBC 15789), Andaman Sea. A, B, male abdominal segments 1-6 (schematic); C, D, left G1. Scales: A, B = 5.0 mm, C, D = 1.0 mm.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 357 Galil (1993), is that the three posterior carapace lobes are low and rounded. This is certainly not the case with the Andaman Sea specimen, with the above mentioned structures being sharp and clearly dentiform, with the median lobe rounded but still distinctly triangular. The value of this character is difficult to determine, but from what is known with many other calappids, it may well vary (e.g. through wear and tear) and may not be reliable. For the moment, we think it is better to regard the Thai specimen as belonging to M. africana. Family Matutidae De Haan, 1835 Key to species of Matutidae 1. Lateral carapace spines very short, dentiform to granuliform; outer surface of palm with median longitudinal stridulatory ridge on outer surface; second abdominal segment transversely carinate...izanami curtispina Lateral carapace spines well developed; outer surface of palm without median longitudinal stridulatory ridge on outer surface; third abdominal segment transversely carinate...2 2. Outer face of palm with ridge subparallel to ventral margin...3 Outer face of palm with oblique ridge...4 3. Outer median ridge of chela with 2 prominent sharp, anteriorly directed teeth, one of which is distinctly larger; carapace in life covered with numerous evenly and closely spaced fine spots on yellow background...ashtoret lunaris Outer median ridge of chela with 1 prominent sharp, anteriorly directed tooth; carapace in life colored with red spots, interlaced with reticulate pattern of white patches...ashtoret miersii 4. Carapace distinctly longer than broad (excluding lateral spine); in life, carapace surface with pattern of fine red lines forming distinct mesh- or net-like pattern...matuta planipes Carapace as long as broad (excluding lateral spine); in life, carapace surface with numerous small black spots on yellowish background...matuta victor Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål, 1775) None. As discussed by Galil and Clark (1994) most of the old records of this species are either incorrect or had been based on material containing more than one species and must be rechecked. It is most frequently confused with M. victor (see discussion for this species). Considering the known range of A. lunaris (see Galil and Clark, 1994; Ng, 1998), however, it is likely that A. lunaris is also present in Thailand. It had been recorded from the area by Nateewathana et al. (1981) and from the Gulf of Thailand by Naiyanetr (1998), and as such, we have retained this species in our keys. Ashtoret miersii (Henderson, 1887) (Fig. 2E) PMBC 16990, 4 males, 2 females; ZRC 1999.0128, 4 males, 4 females, QMW 25762, 1 male, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, December 1998. This is a very distinctively coloured and patterned species (Fig. 2E) and therefore cannot be mistaken for almost any other taxon. The white patch on the gastric region of the carapace varies considerably in shape and size. It is the only species thus or similarly patterned which has a smooth chelipedal dactylus (in other species, e.g. A. picta, the outer surface of the dactylus has a milled ridge).

358 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Galil and Clark (1994) commented that in this species, there is no prominent median granule on the posterolatral margin, but this is not the case. The series of specimens at hand indicates that the median posterolateral granule is often present, although its strength does vary and may be small. In some specimens, the granule is not clearly discernible. In some specimens, the strong ridges on the outer dorsal surface of the palm are also relatively weaker and less prominent. In other aspects, however, the present specimens agree well with the description and figures of the species by Galil and Clark s (1994). Ashtoret miersii was originally described from nearby Madras, India, and has also been reported from Sri Lanka and Japan (Laurie, 1906; Sakai, 1976). Izanami curtispina (Sakai, 1961) (Fig. 2F) PMBC 16815, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09º31 N, 097º38 E, triangular dredge, 87 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996; PMBC 16812, 4 females (3 ovigerous), trawl, 76 m, R.V. Paknam, 17.03.1989; PMBC 16822, 1 male, BIOSHELF St. B3, 09 15 N, 097 42 E, triangular dredge, 80 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 18.02.1998; PMBC 16826, 29 females (22 ovigerous), BIOSHELF St. I3, 07 30 N, 098 10 E, triangular dredge, 78 m, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 02.05.1996; ZRC 1998.1114, 5 males, 7 females, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, December 1998. This is a common species in the waters off Phuket. The species agrees well with the descriptions of Sakai (1976), Galil and Cark (1994) and Ng and Huang (1997). The species was described from Japan, but has been reported over a wide area from Madagascar to Japan. Surprisingly, it has not been formally recorded from Thailand before. The colour of the many specimens examined is very uniform, being an even pinkishred on all dorsal surfaces, with a semi-reticulate pattern of pale red lines on the median part of the carapace (Fig. 2F). Matuta planipes Fabricius, 1798 PMBC 14615, 1 male, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, Phuket, trawl, December 1999; ZRC 1999.0129, 1 male, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, trawl, April 1999; ZRC 1999.0303, 1 male, 1 female, Pattani Fishing Port, Gulf of Thailand, 25.10.1998. This is well-known and widely distributed Indo-West Pacific species. Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) (Fig. 2G) PMBC 16998, 1 male, 1 female, Cape Panwa, reef outside PMBC, 24.12.1971; PMBC 17020, 1 male, PMBC reef, Phuket, 08.12.1998; PMBC 17008, 1 male, 2 females, 2 juveniles, Yao Yai Island, Phangnga, 02.07.1983; PMBC 14616, 1 female, Satul, 1994; PMBC 16972, 4 males, 9 females (2 ovigerous); ZRC 1998.1121, 6 males, 2 females, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, 11.12.1998; ZRC 1999.0130, 5 males, 4 females, 1 juvenile, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, April 1999; PMBC 17017, 1 female, Andaman Sea, Pichai Fish Port, 13.12.1998; PMBC 17023, 1 female, Hua Hin beach, Satun Province, 15.12.1994; ZRC 1999.0307, 1 male, Pattani Fishing Port, Gulf of Thailand, trawl, 25.10.1998. The long standing problems with the taxonomy of Matuta lunaris (Forskål, 1775), M. banksi Leach, 1817, and M. victor (Fabricius, 1781) was resolved by Galil and Clark (1994) who regarded the first two names as synonyms and referred it to Ashtoret, while retaining M. victor in Matuta. As noted earlier, many of the older records of these species are probably not reliable. The specimens we have examined all belong to M. victor as defined by Galil and Clark (1994). In western Thailand at least, the specimens we have examined supposedly of Matuta lunaris thus far all belong to Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781). The fresh

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 341 360 (2002) 359 colours of the specimens examined agree well with each other, all of which have a pale yellow carapace background and covered with numerous, very small and evenly scattered black dots. The pereopods are usually brighter yellow (especially the dactylus), the areas near the joints often have purplish-red patches (Fig. 2G). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The first author is grateful to the PMBC and DANIDA for arranging for his stay and research stint in Thailand. He is grateful to the head of the Reference Collection, Somchai Bussarawit, for his support, Matz Berggren and Niel Bruce for inviting him for the workshop (and the free beer), as well as the staff of the Andaman Fisheries Development Center for their kindness and help in obtaining specimens. Peter Davie, Patsy McLaughlin, Somnuk Chaitiamvong and Ladda Wongrat provided fantastic field support and encouragement. The authors are grateful to the curators of the various museums for their very kind help in sending specimens for study. Thanks are especially due to Torben Wolff for his help in resolving the problems with the Fabricius types. Tan Swee Hee kindly helped check the Linnaean specimens in Uppsala. The study has been partially supported by a research grant to the first author from the National University of Singapore. REFERENCES Alcock, A. 1896. Materials for a carcinological fauna of India. No. 2. The Brachyura Oxystoma. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 65(2): 134 296, pls 6 8. Bellwood, O. 1996. A phylogenetic study of the Calappidae H. Milne Edwards 1837 (Crustacea: Brachyura) with a reappraisal of the status of the family. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 118: 165 193. Chen, H.-L. 1993. The Calappidae (Crustacea: Brachyura) of Chinese waters. In: B. Morton (ed.), Marine Biology of the South China Sea, pp. 675 704. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Marine Biology, Hong Kong, South China Sea, Hong Kong Univ. Press. Dai, A.-Y. and S.-L. Yang. 1991. Crabs of China Seas. China Ocean Press, Beijing and Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Pp. 21+608, figs. 1 295, pls. 1 74. Fabricius, J. C. 1798. Supplementum Entomologiae systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae. 573 pp. Galil, B. 1993. Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the genus Mursia Desmarest, 1823 (Calappidae). In: A. Crosnier (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 10, pp. 347 379, Mémoires du Muséum national d Histoire naturelle. Galil, B. 1997. Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the genus Calappa Weber, 1795 (Calappidae). In: A. Crosnier (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 18, pp. 271 335. Mémoires du Muséum national d Histoire naturelle. Galil, B. and P.F. Clark. 1994. A revision of the genus Matuta Weber, 1795 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Calappidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden 294: 1 55. Guinot, D. 1962. Sur une collection de Crustacés Brachyoures de mer Rouge et de Somalie. Remarques sur les genres Calappa Weber, Menaethiops Alcock, Tyche Bell, Ophtalmias Rathbun et Stilbognathus Von Martens. Bolletino del Museo Civico di Storia naturale di Venezia 15: 7 63, figs 1 39, pls 1 4. Guinot, D. 1967. La faune carcinologique (Crustacea Brachyura) de l Océan Indien occidental et de la Mer Rouge. Catalogue, remarques biogéographiques et bibliographie. Mémoires de L Institut Fondamental D Afrique Noire 77: 235 352. Henderson, J.R. 1893. A contribution to Indian Carcinology. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology), (2)5: 325 458, pls. 36 40. Ho, P.-H. 1996. Crabs. In: K. C. Shao (Ed.), Common Seafood of Taiwan. Part 1. Pp. 71 90. Taiwan Fisheries Department, Taipei. (in Chinese)

360 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Holm, Å. 1957. Specimina Linnaeana I Uppsala Bevarade Zoologiska Samlingar Från Linnés Tid. Uppsala Universitet Årsskrift 6: 1 68. Jones, D.S. and G.J. Morgan. 1994. A Field Guide to Crustaceans of Australian Waters. Reed: Western Australian Museum, 216 pp. Laurie, R.D. 1906. Report on the Brachyura collected by Prof. Herdman at Ceylon in 1902. Reports on the Pearl Oyster Fishery in Gulf Manaar 5: 349 432, pls. 1, 2. Laurie, R.D. 1915. Report on the Marine Biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. XXI. On the Brachyura. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 31: 407 475, pls 42 45. Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymies locis. 10th Edition, 1: 1 854, Holmiae. Man, J.G.De. 1888. Report on some Podophtalmous Crustacea of the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, by Dr. John Anderson, F.R.S., Superintendant of the Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 22 (139): 177 240. Naiyanetr, P. 1998. Checklist of crustacean fauna in Thailand (Decapoda and Stomatopoda). OEPP Biodiversity Series, vol. 5. Office of Environment Policy and Planning, Bangkok. 161 pp. Nateewathana, A., P. Tantichodok, S. Bussarawit and R. Sirivejabandhu. 1981. Marine organisms in the Reference Collection. Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin 28: 43 86. Ng, P.K.L. 1988. Can-opener Crab. Nature Malaysiana 13(3): 26 29. 1998. Crabs. In: K. E. Carpenter and Niem, V. H. (eds.), FAO Species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 2, pp. 1045 1155. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks, Food and Agriculture Org., Rome. 2000. Calappa pokipoki, a new species of box crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Calappidae) from Hawaii. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 113(4): 945 955. Ng, P.K.L., K.-L. Chen and T.-Y. Chan. 1999. Taxonomic notes on three Indo-West Pacific species of Calappa (Decapoda: Brachyura: Calappidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 47(2): 607 616. Ng, P.K.L. and J.-F. Huang. 1997. Unrecorded crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from Taiwan and Tungsha Islands, with description of a new genus and species of Xanthidae. Zoological Studies, Taipei 36(4): 261 276. Ng, P.K.L. and T.W.H. Tan. 1984. The shell peeling structure of the box crab Calappa philargius (L.) and other crabs in relation to mollusc shell architecture. Journal of the Singapore National Acaemy of Science, Singapore 13: 195 199. Rice, T. 1999. Voyage of Discovery. Three centuries of natural history exploration. The Natural History Museum, London, 335 pp. Sakai, K. 1999. J.F.W. Herbst-Collection of Decapod Crustacea of the Berlin Zoological Museum, with remarks on certain species. Naturalists, Tokushima Biological Laboratory 6: 1 45, pls. 1 21. Sakai, T. 1976. Crabs of Japan and Adjacent Seas. Kodansha, Tokyo. English Vol., xxix+773 pp., pls. 1 251. Sankarankutty, C. 1962. On the Decapoda Brachyura from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India 4: 151 162, 23 figs. Serène R. and C.L. Soh. 1976. Brachyura collected during the Thai Danish Expedition (1966). Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin 12: 37, figs. 1 28, pls. I VII. Stephensen, K. 1946. Brachyuran of the Iranian Gulf. With an appendix: the male pleopoda of the Brachyura. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 1945, 4: 57 237, text figs 1 60. Stevcic, Z. 1983. Revision of the Calappidae. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 18: 165 171. Wallin, L. 1997. Catalogue of type specimens. 4. Linnaean specimens. Uppsala University, Zoological Museum, 128 pp. Zimsen, E. 1964. The type material of I. C. Fabricius. Copenhagen, pp. 1 656, 2 pls.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 361 367 (2002) 361 NEW RECORDS OF TRAPEZIID CRABS (XANTHOIDEA, TRAPEZIIDAE) FROM THE ANDAMAN SEA COAST OF THAILAND, WITH NOTES ON THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF TRAPEZIA PLANA WARD, 1941 Peter Castro Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768-4032, U.S.A. ABSTRACT A small collection of trapeziid crabs, symbionts of reef corals and other colonial anthozoans, from Phuket Island, Andaman Sea coast of Thailand, has resulted in three new records for the region: Quadrella coronata Dana, 1852, Q. maculosa Alcock, 1898, and Q. serenei Galil, 1986. There are now ten species of trapeziids known from the region. A key to these ten species is provided. The taxonomic status of one of these species, Trapezia plana Ward, 1941, is reviewed. Trapezia punctipes Castro, 1997, is found to be a junior subjective synonym of T. plana. INTRODUCTION Our knowledge of the trapeziid crabs of the Andaman Sea is very much incomplete. Lundoer (1974: 7) recorded four species from Phuket: Trapezia cymodoce (Herbst, 1801), T. septata Dana, 1852 (as T. areolata Dana, 1852), an unidentified species of Tetralia (as T. glaberrima (Herbst, 1799), a name that used to include several species of Tetralia), and an unidentified species of Quadrella. Naiyanetr (1998: 87) added two species (Trapezia ferruginea Latreille, 1828 and T. tigrina Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842, as T. wardi Serène, 1970) to Lundoer s list. Castro (1999a) listed four additional species (Tetralia fulva Serène, 1984, Trapezia guttata Rüppell, 1830, T. punctipes Castro, 1977 [= T. plana Ward, 1941, see below], and T. richtersi Galil and Lewinsohn, 1983). The T. ferruginea record of Naiyanetr (1998) is highly questionable as this species has been confused with others. The record possibly resulted from the misidentification of T. plana. Three species of Quadrella (Q. coronata Dana, 1852, Q. maculosa Alcock, 1898, and Q. serenei Galil, 1986) are now added to the trapeziids known from the area, a total of ten species. MATERIALS AND METHODS The material examined is deposited in the Reference Collection of the Phuket Marine Biological Center (PMBC), Thailand; Zoological Reference Collection (ZRC) of the Raffles Museum, Nation University of Singapore; and the American Museum of Natural History, New York, N.Y., U.S.A. (AMNH). LIST OF SPECIES Quadrella coronata Dana, 1852 For synonymy see Galil, 1986: 282. PMBC 16194, 1 female, BIOSHELF St. A3, 09 33 N, 097º38 E, 83 m, triangular dredge, coll. S. Bussarawit and C. Aungtonya, 19.04.1996. Host Unknown. Previously collected from alcyonaceans, antipatharians, and gorgonians (Castro, 1999a: 96).

362 International Workshop on the Crustacea of the Andaman Sea Known from unspecified locations along the Indian coasts and islands (Alcock, 1898: 226), the Maldive Islands (Borradaile, 1902: 266), and the Maldive Islands and Sri Lanka (Galil, 1986: 282). Also known from across the Indo-West Pacific region from the Red Sea to the western Pacific (see Castro, 1999a: 95 96). Previously recorded from the Andaman Islands at depths of 7 18 m (Alcock, 1898: 227). Also known from the Maldive Islands (Garth, 1971: 188; Galil, 1986: 286), Sri Lanka (Galil, 1986: 285), and from locations across the Indo-West Pacific region from the Red Sea to Japan and French Polynesia (see Castro, 1999a: 96). Quadrella maculosa Alcock, 1898 (Fig. 1) For synonymy see Galil, 1986: 285. ZRC 2001.2258, 1 females, Phuket fishing port, coll. Andaman Sea Fisheries Development Center, December 1998. Host Unknown but most probably from branching antipatharians (black corals), their only known host. Quadrella serenei Galil, 1986 (Fig. 2 A, B) For synonymy see Castro, 1999a: 96. PMBC 16195, 1 male, 1 female, ZRC 2001.2259, 1 female, Racha Noi Island, Phuket, 14.12.1998. Host The Phuket specimens were collected from antipatharians (black corals), their only known host. Figure 1 Quadrella maculosa Alcock, 1898. Female, off Phuket Island fishing pier. Photograph by Peter K.L. Ng.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 23(2): 361 367 (2002) 363 Figure 2 A, B Quadrella serenei Galil, 1986. Female, Racha Noi Island, Phuket Province. Photograph by Peter K.L. Ng.