US Offshore Wind An Industry in the Making November 14, 2017 Alla Weinstein Founder, Trident Winds LLC
Trident Winds Page 2 Agenda Offshore Wind Development in the US Governing bodies Resource potential o Shallow waters (< 60 meters) o Deep waters (> 60 meters) East Coast Offshore Wind Development Development areas Case studies o Block Island Offshore Wind Farm state waters o New York federal waters West Coast Offshore Wind Development Case study Morro Bay Offshore, California
Trident Winds Page 3 Want to develop an offshore wind farm where to start? Federal Waters Baseline - low-tide water line along the coast Territorial Sea 12 nautical miles o The territorial sea is a maritime zone over which the United States exercises sovereignty. o Sovereignty extends to the airspace above and to the seabed below the territorial sea. Contiguous Zone 24 nautical miles o The contiguous zone of the United States is a zone contiguous to the territorial sea. In this zone, the U.S. may exercise the control necessary to prevent and punish infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration, cultural heritage, or sanitary laws and regulations within its territory or territorial sea. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) - 200 nautical miles o The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the U.S. extends 200 nautical miles from the territorial sea baseline and is adjacent to the 12 nm territorial sea of the U.S., overlapping the 12-24nm contiguous zone. State Waters State Coastal Zone Boundaries 3 nautical mile territorial sea for most states
Trident Winds Page 4 Offshore Wind Development Who Governs? Federal Waters The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA) of 1953 o Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) implements an Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil and gas exploration and development The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct) o Authorized BOEM to issue leases, easements and rights of way to allow for renewable energy development on the OCS o BOEM is not authorized to issue leases in the National Park, National Monument or a National Marine Sanctuary o BOEM website for Renewable Energy activities: https://www.boem.gov/renewable-energy/ State Waters Requirements vary for each state laws Marine Sanctuaries - Prohibited and allowed activities In the State Sanctuaries such activities are defined by the State laws Federal Sanctuaries are managed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) o Prohibited activities disturbance of the ocean floor, discharge, flying below 200 feet of altitude
US Onshore and Offshore Wind Speeds at 80 meters Source: NREL Trident Winds Page 5
US Offshore Wind Gross Potential Source: NREL Trident Winds Page 6
NREL Wind Prospector Source: NREL Trident Winds Page 7
Trident Winds Page 8 How Much Energy Can We Get from Offshore Wind?
Trident Winds Page 9 Agenda Offshore Wind Development in the US Governing bodies Resource potential o Shallow waters (< 60 meters) o Deep waters (> 60 meters) East Coast Offshore Wind Development Development areas Case studies o Block Island Offshore Wind Farm state waters o New York federal waters West Coast Offshore Wind Development Case study - California
Trident Winds Page 10 East Coast Offshore Wind Development
Trident Winds Page 11 Block Island Offshore Wind Farm by Deepwater Wind Location 3.8 miles from Block Island, Rhode Island in the Atlantic Ocean. Construction 2015 2016 Cost: 290 million USD Capacity 30 MW 5 GE/Alstom 6 MW turbines
Trident Winds Page 12 Block Island Offshore Wind Farm by Deepwater Wind
Trident Winds Page 13 New York State Offshore Wind Master Plan Study Area
New York State Offshore Wind Master Plan NY Clean Energy Standard Mandate - by 2030, 50% of the State s electricity come from renewable sources Plan to reach the CES 2017 - Governor Andrew M. Cuomo sets an unprecedented commitment to develop 2,400 megawatts of offshore wind - enough to power up to 1.2 million homes Source: NYSERDA NY Offshore Wind Master Plan Trident Winds Page 14
Trident Winds Page 15 Agenda Offshore Wind Development in the US Governing bodies Resource potential o Shallow waters (< 60 meters) o Deep waters (> 60 meters) East Coast Offshore Wind Development Development areas Case studies o Block Island Offshore Wind Farm state waters o New York federal waters West Coast Offshore Wind Development Case study - California
Trident Winds Page 16 West Coast Offshore Wind Development
Offshore Wind Experience Fixed: > 14 GW installed capacity in Europe as of the mid 2017 UK alone has > 5.3 GW of installed capacity Sep 14, 2017 announcement: Offshore Wind Costs Fall Below New Nuclear Plants in UK with PPA prices of 57.50 ($75.99) Floating: 15 MW installed capacity world-wide 2009 Norway 2011 Portugal 2013 Japan 2013 Japan 2015 Japan Floating projected after 2020: > 200 MW in UK, Portugal, Japan and France Trident Winds Page 17
CA Offshore Wind Resource / Site Selection Source: NREL 50 mi arc from coastal facility Trident Winds Page 18
Trident Winds Page 19 Morro Bay Offshore: Project Fundamentals Market Demand State laws: o 2030 50% RPS - passed o 2045 100% RPS (proposed) CA needs to add 30-60 GW of Renewables to meet 2030 RPS requirements Market demand will grow significantly post 2020 Technology Readiness Floating offshore wind is now proven and a maturing technology A number of technical solutions will be available post 2020 timeframe Permitting The 2005 Energy Act designated BOEM as the lead agency for leasing OCS for offshore wind CA state agencies participate under BOEM s leadership per Federal regulations
California s Duck-Curve Issue Adding offshore wind into California s electricity portfolio may help alleviate over generation and ramping challenges from the solar and land-based wind generation Source: NREL Trident Winds Page 20
Trident Winds Page 21 Energy Production Profiles of CA Solar, Land, and Offshore wind
Trident Winds Page 22 Morro Bay Offshore: Unsolicited Lease Location
Trident Winds Page 23 Morro Bay Offshore PG&E Substation Existing water outflow
Trident Winds Page 24 Morro Bay Offshore: Project Location - Clean Energy, Clean Views Site Selection Process Wind resource > 8.5 m/sec Distance to Shore o Pt. Estero 24.5 nmi o Cambria 20.9 nmi o San Simeon >30 nmi o Los Osos 33 nmi o Morro Bay 32.1 nmi to the water outflow tunnel entrance Site has been OPTIMIZED to reduce impacts on: Minimize visibility Fishing grounds and habitats Offshore birds and marine mammals Shipping lanes
Trident Winds Page 25 Morro Bay Offshore: Permits a total of 33 permits and licenses Federal Agencies Jurisdiction CA State Agencies Jurisdiction Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Leasing, lead agency for NEPA CA Department of Fish and Wildlife Listed species, managed species U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ESA, MBTA CA Lands Commission CZMA, Territorial Sea Plan, NOAA Fisheries U.S. Army Corp of Engineers Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ESA, MMPA, MSFCA, CZMA CWA 404; Rivers and Harbors Act CA State Historic Preservation Office CA Department of Environmental Quality Cultural/Archeology CWA: WQ & Sediment transport Interconnect CA State Parks and Recreation Parks and Recreation U.S. Coast Guard Navigation CA Lands Commission Cable route and crossing Federal Aviation Administration Aviation, Flight paths CAISO/PG&E Substation connection and hookup DOD Military operations CA Ocean Protection Council CEC/CPUC PPA/RPS
Trident Winds Page 26 Morro Bay Offshore: City, Tribes and Stakeholders City/Tribes Interests Stakeholder Groups Interests NCTC Sanctuary nomination MBCFO Fishing interests City of Morro Bay Cooperation Agreement The Sierra Club Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and Endangered Species Act City of Morro Bay Local permits The Audubon Society Birds Surfrider Foundation Surfing The Nature Conservancy Wildlife The Environmental Defense Fund Natural Resources Defense Council Smart economics, practical partnerships & rigorous science Wildlife and wild places
Trident Winds Page 27 Thank you The Future for Offshore Wind is Bright. and it will also be FLOATING DNVGL 10 Years, 10 Lessons, 2013