Bird strikes Swedish Airspace 1998-2005 Nordic Birdstrike Committee Arlanda 2006-09-21 Jörgen Andersson Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 1
Objective Occurrence reports Bird population Birdstrikes between 1998 2005 International comparison Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 2
Occurrence reports Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 3
Occurrence reports 1998 2005 Occurrence reports Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 4
Occurrences 1998 2005 Top ten types of occurrence Lack of clearance Bird strikes Deviation ATC clearance Aerodrome report Top 10 TCAS Technical report Based on 17 225 reports Engine malfunction Landing gear malfunction General warning Parachute report Occurrence reports Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 5
Bird population Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 6
Bird population Birds are found all over Sweden Around 240 regular breeding species 1/3 of all species are migratory birds 50-60 million willow warblers (lövsångare) migrate during autumn! Spring migration around half as big as autumn migration Local bird movements occur throughout the year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 7
Size of bird population affected by: Access to feed Disease Change of biotope Environmental influence Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 8
Deviation from mean annual temperature Sweden, 1860-2004 Mean annual temperature, Sweden 1860 2004 Deviation from normal temperature (3.63 C) 1961-1990 Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 9
Deviation from mean annual precipitation Sweden, 1930-2004 Deviation from mean annual precipitation, mm Precipitation in mm Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 10
Birdstrike reports Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 11
Bird strikes 1998-2005 Reported by: Based on 1006 reports Air Traffic Control Pilot Technician Aerodrome Unknown Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 12
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Location of occurrence Location Strikes Percentage Swedish airspace Outside Swedish airspace 714 71,0 286 28,4 Unknown 6 0,6 Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 13
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Bird strikes Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 14
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Bird strikes vs. airspace movements Airspace movements within Swedish airspace Airspace movements Bird strikes Linear trend Bird strikes Linear trend Airspace movements Bird strikes within Swedish airspace Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 15
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Locations - northern Sweden Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 16
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Location - southern Sweden Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 17
Seasonal distribution Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 18
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Seasonal distribution Bird strikes Period Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 19
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Monthly distribution Bird strikes Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 20
Bird strikes 2005 Frequency at Arlanda, Landvetter, Sturup Movements Bird strikes per 100 000 movements Bird strikes per 100 000 movements Number of movements at aerodromes Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 21
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Distribution over the day Whole year August Based on 586 reports Bird strikes Hour Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 22
Bird strikes vs. height Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 23
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Height Based on 847 reports Height in feet Bird strikes Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 24
Size of bird Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 25
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Size of bird Large (goose) Medium (seagull) Small (starling) Based on 917 reports where size of bird has been specified Bird strikes Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 26
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Size of bird Based on 917 reports where size of bird has been specified Large (goose) Medium (seagull) Small (starling) Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 27
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Height of bird strike vs. size of bird Based on 847 reports where height has been specified Height in feet Large (goose) Medium (seagull) Small (starling) Bird strikes Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 28
Damage to aircraft Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 29
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Strikes causing damage Based on 917 reports where material damage has been specified Bird strikes 3,4 % of all reported birdstrikes have caused damage to aircraft Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 30
Force of impact Seagull House sparrow Joule Speed in knots Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 31
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Damage vs. size of bird Based on 29 reports where damage to aircraft has been specified Large (goose) Medium (seagull) Small (starling) Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 32
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Point of impact Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 33
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Cockpit Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 34
Phase of flight Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 35
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Phase of flight Based on 917 reports where phase of flight has been specified Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 36
Noise level during take-off and approach Approach direction Take-off direction Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 37
Descent and climb angles during take-off and landing Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 38
Collision avoidance behaviour of a bird in danger Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 39
Aerodromes Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 40
Bird strikes 1998 2005 Aerodromes Bird strikes Bird strikes per 100 000 movements Bird strikes per 100 000 movements Bird strikes Year Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 41
Bird strikes 2003-2005 Aerodromes Top 10 Aerodrome Based on 211 reports Bird strikes Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 42
Bird strikes 2003 2005 Frequency Top 10 Aerodrome Based on 211 reports Only aerodromes with 2 or more strikes are included Bird strikes per 100 000 movements Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 43
Bird strikes 2005 Frequency Aerodrome Based on 102 reports Only aerodromes with 2 or more strikes are included Bird strikes per 100 000 movements Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 44
Migratory bird tracks Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 45
Migratory bird tracks - autumn Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 46
International comparison Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 47
Bird strikes 2002 2004 Canada vs. Sweden Canada 2002 2004 Sweden 2002 2004 Bird strikes Bird strikes Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 48
Bird strikes 2002 2004 Expressed as percentage of bird strikes over the year Percent of bird strikes Canada Sweden Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 49
Bird strikes 2002 2004 Distribution of collisions over the day Canada Sweden Bird strikes Time of day Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 50
Bird strikes 2002 2004 Expressed as percentage of the distribution of bird strikes over the day Percent of bird strikes Canada Sweden Time of day Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 51
Bird strikes 2002 2004 Expressed as percentage of the distribution of bird strikes vs. height Height in feet Canada Sweden Percent of bird strikes Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 52
Conclusions International comparison No significant differences between the countries The smaller differences can be explained by: Geographical location Departures / Arrivals Different species Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 53
END Thanks for your attention! Jörgen Andersson, Swedish CAA 54