Design Matters October 21 Tom Tavella FASLA Jeff Potter FAIA Bill Anderson FAICP
Design Matters a Landscape Architect s Perspective Thomas R Tavella, FASLA, LEED-AP President American Society of Landscape Architects
1. Community health 2. How we design our communities
Physical Inactivity and Diet Account for almost 300,000 deaths or 14% of deaths per year It is estimated that we can save more than $147 billion dollars in health care cost by increasing physical activity levels
Physical Inactivity is Associated With: Obesity and Overweight Stroke and High Blood pressure Cardiovascular diseases Diabetes Colon Cancer
Physical Activity Physical Activity is the magic potion Includes any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in an energy expenditure Can lead to improved health if practiced regularly
Physical Activity, U.S. Adults Vigorous + Moderate 8% Moderate 15% Vigorous 4% Not Regularly Active 44% Inactive 29%
Prevalence of Obesity* among U.S. Adults 1988 no data <10% 10% to 15% >15% Source: Mokdad AH, et al. J Am Med Assoc 1999;282:16.
Prevalence of Obesity* among U.S. Adults 1990 no data <10% 10% to 15% >15% Source: Mokdad AH, et al. J Am Med Assoc 1999;282:16.
Prevalence of Obesity* among U.S. Adults 1995 no data <10% 10% to 15% >15% Source: Mokdad AH, et al. J Am Med Assoc 1999;282:16.
Prevalence of Obesity* among U.S. Adults 2000 No Data <10% 10%-14% 15-19% 20% Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc 2000;284:13
Obesity* Trends Among U.S. Adults 2008-2010
31% of US adults are obese, 65% are obese or overweight -- and gaining 1-2 lbs a year Between 10% and 15% of children and teens are overweight/obese -- and more likely to become obese adults Overweight/obesity rates highest in low-income and minority populations Obesity health and productivity costs exceed $147 billion per year $956 Billion in cost 2030
What Happened??? Cartoon courtesy of Walter Kulash
AutoCentric Transportation Philosophy Emphasis Capacity Operational Efficiency Vehicular LOS Minimize Vehicular Delay Sometimes Prohibited Speeds Lower Than 45 mph Narrow Lanes Two Lane Roads On Street Parking Street Trees/Furniture Crosswalks/Sidewalks 16
Paradigm Shift for Public Health Research: Community Design and Transportation Matter August 2002
April 22, 2003
Perceptual Qualities of Place: Delightful Density Human Scale Linkage Definition/Visual Enclosure Complexity/Intricacy Coherence/Order Transparency Sense of Place/Identity Perceived Safety
CENTRAL PARK, NEW YORK NY Fredrick L. Olmsted Conducted by Erin Research, Inc. for CLARB Well Designed Places have a direct Connection Public health & well-being Grounded in research on public health Directly affects the health of individuals and community
Conducted by Erin Research, Inc. for CLARB Well Designed Places Builds Community It encourages people to engage in their surroundings Strengthens social cohesion Results in healthier, more dynamic communities PEARL DISTRICT PORTLAND, OR Portland Planning Bureau
Guidance Today ITE Designing Walkable Urban Thoroughfares: A Context Sensitive Approach This report has been developed in response to widespread interest for improving both mobility choices and community character through a commitment to creating and enhancing walkable communities. From Chapter 1 of the Recommended Practice, 2010 Local guidelines are popping up all over the country and are a great resource. Model for LIVING STREETS Design Manual -Los Angeles County 2011 22
Green Streets Complete Streets
Context Sensitivity: Transit centers Phoenix Washington DC
Summary Livable communities are healthy communities. We have evidence for a broad range of health outcomes. We need a vision to design and build healthy communities. We need broad, cross-cutting thinking. We need to identify and collaborate with unexpected allies
The American Institute of Architects Jeff Potter, FAIA 2012 President Dallas, Texas
The American Institute of Architects founded 1857 80,000 members 55% of licensed architects in the US average age 52
Practice in Transformation site edifice > community aesthetics + proof individual > collaborative
The Proposition of Proof urbanization high performance places public health disaster mitigation Place-Based Knowledge in the Digital Age, Thomas Fisher, ArcNews Fall 2012 http://www.esri.com/news/arcnews/
High Performance Places IgCC green code RUDATS SDATS AIA 2030 Initiative AIA Communities by Design Web pages: http://www.aia.org/about/initiatives/aias075265
Public Health American Design for Health Initiative Clinton Global Initiative - Decade of Design Designing Healthy Communities, Jackson, PBS television, 2012 Local Leaders - Healthier Communities by Design, AIA Communities by Design, 2012 http://www.aia.org/advocacy/localleaders/
Disaster Mitigation AIA Regional initiatives AIA Dept of State Haiti Project AIA Disaster Response Web pages: http://www.aia.org/disasterresponse/index.htm
Looking in the Mirror Re-positioning Project Emerging Professionals AIA Repositioning Web pages: http://www.aia.org/about/repositioning/
Thank you