Sanctum Study Notes 23 rd Nov Useful for SSC/BANK/CDS/NDA If followed, one can easily score 70% in any exam Three New Video Courses on Unacademy 51 Most Frequently asked common error questions 300 plus one words Error Detection - Conjunction ------------------------------------------------------------- Cloze Test - Ever since the Wright Brothers flew the world s first plane more than a century ago, aircraft have typically flown with the (1) of moving parts such as propellers, turbine blades and fans, and powered by the combustion of fossil fuels or battery packs. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) engineers are (2) a revolutionary change. They have built and flown a (3) plane with no moving parts. Instead of propellers or turbines, the aircraft is powered by electrohydrodynamic thrust or the so-called ionic wind, a phenomenon first (4) in the 1960s. When a current passes between two electrodes, it creates a wind in the air between. If enough voltage is applied, the resulting ionic wind can produce a thrust without the help of motors or fuel and power a small plane. Steven Barrett, associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT, and his team flew the plane 60m (5) the gymnasium at MIT s dupont Athletic Center, and found that it produced enough ionic thrust to sustain flight the entire time. They repeated the flight 10 times, with similar results that were published in the journal Nature. 1. (a) need (b) help (c) idea (d) demand 2. (a) producing (b) attempting (c) asking (d) proposing 3. (a) regular (b) professional (c) prototype (d) protocol 4. (a) traced (b) tracked (c) identified (d) lined up 5. (a) across (b) through (c) under (d) beyond Parajumble A. The initial hesitation over, within a week, her colleagues were inviting her for coffee breaks in the evening, or for lunch, introducing her to others. B. Every day, she would bring something new to office, sweet or savoury, and made it a point to walk across to a couple of colleagues at mid-morning, introduce herself and offer them snacks. C. Three years ago, when Thadani joined her current company, an MNC based in Mumbai, the newness of the office was overwhelming. D. When it comes to building relationships with Indian colleagues, it s food that matters the most, according to Mumbai-based operations manager Neha Thadani. E. Most people took a breather, talked about what kind of food they loved, and this camaraderie continued as our personal conversations started, says Thadani. F. It was a disconcerting experience, says the 35-year-old, I didn t know anyone, I didn t know how things worked, so I decided to change that with food. Grammar Exercise All topics 11. 1980 that Voyager transmitted photographs of Saturn to earth. A) When it was B) During C) It was D) It was in 12. It was in 1901 Roosevelt became President of the United States. A) when B) which C) that D) who
13. He must run very fast he wants to catch the bus. A) so that B) because C) unless D) so 14. Father is not going to light the bonfire we have gathered enough wood. A) because B) although C) if D) so 15. I will come to the meeting, Tom said to me. Tom promised me that. A) he will come to the meeting. B) I will come to the meeting. C) I would come to the meeting. D) he would come to the meeting. 16. I will help you, Bob said to me. A) Bob told me he would help me. B) Bob told me that I will help you. C) Bob said that he would help you. D) Bob told me that he would help you. 17. was more than mere nervousness: it was a real phobia. A) He was afraid of flying B) His fear of flying C) Afraid of flying D) If he was afraid of flying 18. It was Albert Einstein who developed the theory relativity. A) of B) that C) was D) in 19. The icy conditions made road travel dangerous, so going by car we took the subway. A) therefore B) instead of C) as well as D) in spite of 20. the many hardships they had to face, the balloonists managed to reach their destination. A) Despite B) In addition to C) Because of D) In accordance with Common Error 1. The dominance of the informal (a)/ sector and micro and small enterprises (b)/ mean that much of the economy is off the books. (c)/ No 2. The attack with deadly weapons (a)/ left two Sikhs dead and (b)/ three wounding. (c)/ No 3. Sectoral and job creation policies (a)/ must consequently deal with many variables (b)/ that are difficult to pinned down. (c)/ No 4. Changing a society s behaviour involves changing (a)/ the predominant norms, rituals (b)/ and beliefs in a society. (c)/ No 5. The geospatial mapping of drones (a)/ yields aerial images (b)/ of the slums. (c)/ No Error (d) Phrase Replacement 1. The Odisha Land Rights to Slum Dwellers Act, 2017, intended to provide files to over 200,000 households, is a landmark legislation for many reasons. a) Titles b) Forms c) Access d) Success 2. The angel was in the detail of the turgid press note that the RBI issued after the meeting of its board of directors on November 19. a) Taken b) Terse c) Directed d) Detained 3. The precise relationship between the RBI board and the RBI management is something of a white area. a) Red b) Grey c) Blue d) Black Upper level Vocabulary Questions 1. I had to sign for this letter because it came in envelope. A) a recommended B) a registered C) an endorsed D) a receipted E) a sealed 2. When I bought this clock I was given a six months. A) reservation B) guarantee C) undertaking D) safeguard E) security
3. A for the company said that the question of safety regulations was being looked into. A) speaker B) spokesman C) officer D) reporter E) interpreter 4. During the war there was so little food that it had to be. A) preserved B) regulated C) rationed D) retained E) re-distributed 5. Mr Jackson is permanently as the result of a car accident. A) dislocated B) incapable C) disabled D) powerless E) inactive 6. She all her savings form the bank to pay for her flight to Australia. A) drew in B) drew up C) drew along D) drew out E) drew off 7. Her shopping bag broke, its contents all over the road. A) dispersing B) dispensing C) scattering D) overflowing E) distributing - 8. When you come to the crossroads, you will see the showing the way to Middleton. A) advertisement B) signal C) signpost D) announcement E) indicator 9. The crops in this field have all been with insecticide. A) sprayed B) washed C) rinsed D) cleaned E) disinfected 10. I can t use my hair-drier because I forgot to buy a for it. A) tap B) switch C) socket D) pin E) plug Answers:- Cloze Test BBCCA Parajumble DCFBEA Grammar Exercise - 11-D 12-C 13-B 14-B 15-D 16-A 17-B 18-A 19-B 20-A Common Error 1. No Error 2. C wounded in place of wounding 3. C pin down in place of pinned down 4. C in a society in place of of a society 5. A by drones in place of of drones Phrase Replacement ABB Vocabulary Questions 1-B 2-B 3-B 4-C 5-C 6- D 7-C 8-C 9-E 10-E Cricket s final frontier: Can India win a test series in Australia? Cricketing reputations are sometimes made or shattered based on how a player performs against Australia. That s been something of a trend ever since the West Indies began its free fall after losing to Australia in the mid-1990s. And Australia, in its own backyard, is considered the ultimate opposition. Sachin Tendulkar has scored 100 international centuries, but even today his splendid 114 at Perth during the 1992 tour of Australia is regarded as one of his finest. For Virat Kohli s men, who have just set foot in Australia and narrowly lost their first Twenty20 encounter, the long tour presents an opportunity for India to reiterate its credentials. The International Cricket Council has ranked India as number one in Tests and placed it at the second spot in both ODIs and Twenty20 Internationals. Incidentally, in all three lists, Kohli s men are ranked above Australia. The hosts remain a powerful force at home, but having been weakened by the ban-induced absence of Steve Smith and David Warner following the ball-tampering incident earlier this year in South Africa, they are shorn of their usual domineering aura. Australia is placed fifth, sixth and fourth in Tests, ODIs and Twenty20s, respectively. The dip in performance has been matched by intense self-analysis about the manner in which Australia plays its sport. The result-justifies-the-unsavoury-methods philosophy has been put through a wringer ever since Cameron Bancroft was caught rubbing a sandpaper on the ball. It is in this theatre of tumult that the Indian team has landed. But the sobering truth is that Kohli s men, like many of their predecessors, have been poor travellers beyond the subcontinent. There has been the odd upset but largely it has been a tale of debilitating defeats. In the previous tour of England, India lost the Tests 1-4 while honours were shared between the ODIs and Twenty20s. Cut to the present, the three Twenty20s are a prelude to four Tests and three ODIs. Batsman Kohli reigns supreme but his captaincy has come under scrutiny. The constant shuffling of the playing XI has triggered churn and the Indian skipper has to work on getting his nucleus right. There are some fine batsmen, a bunch of incisive fast bowlers and spinners with guile. The ingredients are there
and there is some confidence in dealing with what may be viewed as a somewhat enfeebled Australia. But a potent pace attack led by Mitchell Starc offers a clear and present danger, especially in Tests. India has to exorcise the ghosts of the past, having never won a Test series in Australia. The circumstances are promising for it to correct that record. Daily Vocab the Hinu Editorial 23 rd Nov 18 Can India win a test series in Australia? Shattered very shocked and upset व त Free fall a sudden drop in the value of sth that can t be stopped त ज स गरन Reiterate repeat द हर न Shorn cut, cropped व चत Aura a particular quality that is very noticeable भ म डल Go through a Wringer to have a difficult or unpleasant experience म कल थ त स ग जरन Tumult a confused situation in which there is usually a lot of noise क ल हल Debilitating to make sb s body or mind weaker कमज र करन Prelude an action that happens before another more important one र भक Scrutiny careful and through examination ज च Nucleus the central part of sth around which other parts are located म य भ ग Incisive showing clear thought and good understanding of what is important भ वश ल Exorcise to make an evil spirit leave a place by special prayer or magic भ त भ गन Guru Nanak s teachings transcend barriers Once Guru Nanak, while travelling to Kashmir, met Pandit Brahm Das, a learned but proud man. Brahm Das approached the Guru with two camel loads of books and texts and with a stone idol suspended from his neck. Unable to find out the religious identity of the Guru, he questioned Guru Nanak on his faith, the rituals he observed and the food he ate. The Guru replied, There is but one highway and there is but one entrance; He created Himself and Himself He recognised. God is Himself the relish, the thing relished and the relisher. Brahm Das further asked him how the Lord existed before creation. There was neither night nor day, neither sun nor moon, no earth, nor firmaments. He alone was there. There was neither birth nor speech, neither air nor water, neither creation nor destruction, neither coming nor going. There was neither male nor female, neither caste nor reincarnation, neither pain nor pleasure. The Unspeakable One was Himself the speaker, the Unknowable One had alone the knowledge of Himself, answered Guru Nanak. The Almighty, as seen by Guru Nanak, is Ik Onkar, the One. He is the Creator and the creation. The Nirakar (Formless) manifests through creation so the question of divisions does not emerge. The Supreme is Satnam, the only Truth and it is futile to please Him through rituals and sacrifices. Outward forms, formulas, incantations, image-worship and superstitions are of no use. Guru Nanak exhorted the people to establish a direct link with the Almighty through a simple marg of Nam-simran, chanting the Name. Divine love is the only way of salvation. When he was weighing wheat-flour in the provision store, as Nanak would reach the number 13 (tera), which in Punjabi means yours, Nanak could only utter, Tera, Tera, Tera ( Lord, I am Thine, I am Thine). Can there be a love of God without service? All living beings are God s own and none can obtain any reward without rendering service, says Guru Nanak. In fact, we shall be rewarded according to the service we render. Vand-chchakna, sharing, incorporates another aspect of Sikh faith. It is like providing service to society and people. But this sharing should be based on kirat karni, honest livelihood. Nam japna, vandchchakna and kirat karna along with seva, form the main pillars of Sikhism as propounded by Guru Nanak. In Japji Sahib, Guru Nanak explains the five stages in the path of realisation. Dharam-khand is where a man performs his duties towards himself, family and society. Jnana-khand symbolises knowledge where man realises the vastness of God s creation. Saram-khand is the realm of spiritual effort and a man tries to imbibe the qualities of God like truth, justice and compassion. Jaisa sewai taisa hoi you become what you meditate on. Karam-khand is grace. With the grace of Guru, he gets a vision of God s realm and becomes a Gurmukh. The last stage shows him Sach-khand, the Almighty, the Truth. These stages are a part of householder s way of life, not of a renouncer. Guru Nanak says that this highway of illumination is open to one
and all. The learned and the illiterate can both attain the highest spiritual stage, says the Guru. Hence, listening to the Word, Gurbani and its acceptance, and then carrying out the Guru s instructions in everyday life is what distinguishes the Sikh way of life. Follow these courses on unacademy Links For Grammar & Vocab Videos 1. How to learn English for SSC CGL? 2. Vocab 3. One Word 4. CGL Mains Papers 2017 5. CGL 2017 One Words 6. Preposition 7. Articles 8. Daily English Quiz 9. Infinitive 10. Gerund Vs Infinitive 11. Adjectives 12. Pronouns 13. Tense 14. Adverb Clause 15. Sentence Structures 16. PQRS 17. Grammar Concepts 18. Sentence Improvement 19. Fillers SSC