DG AGRI DASHBOARD: CITRUS FRUIT Last update:

8.000 7.000 6.000 5.000 4.000 3.000 2.000 1.000 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Small citrus (group mandarines): clementines, satsumas and other. DG AGRI DASHBOARD: CITRUS FRUIT Last update: 12.12.2018 EU AVG PRICES MS PRICES /100 kg EUROPEAN UNION - Orange prices, weighted avg ( /100kg) 85 Current 2018/2019 82 () 2017/2018 80 Monthly 5 year MAX 76 Monthly 5 year MIN 75 75 74 5 year avg 73 72 69 70 70 68 67 65 63 64 65 64 61 63 61 60 59 58 53 50 52 52 51 50 49 49 48 45 46 44 43 40 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep /100 kg GREECE - Orange prices ( /100kg) 77 75 Current 2018/2019 () 2017/2018 70 68 Monthly 5 year MAX 68 Monthly 5 year MIN 65 5 year avg 61 61 60 60 56 53 54 52 52 50 49 47 49 48 47 45 45 45 45 44 43 41 40 40 40 41 41 40 39 38 35 37 37 36 36 36 36 34 30 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep /100 kg ITALY - Orange prices ( /100kg) 125 Current 2018/2019 121 () 2017/2018 115 Monthly 5 year MAX Monthly 5 year MIN 106 5 year avg 105 99 97 95 95 91 94 89 86 83 86 86 85 86 83 81 81 81 79 78 77 75 77 75 74 72 70 69 69 65 68 66 64 60 60 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep /100 kg PORTUGAL - Orange prices ( /100kg) 90 85 Current 2018/2019 80 80 () 2017/2018 Monthly 5 year MAX 70 70 Monthly 5 year MIN 70 70 5 year avg 62 62 60 61 60 59 54 52 53 50 52 50 50 48 48 45 43 43 41 40 38 38 38 35 35 30 30 30 28 29 29 28 28 28 29 28 20 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep EU citrus production: oranges, small citrus* and lemons (in.000 tonnes) 8 000 Citrus fruit production (in 000 tonnes) 4 500 Orange production (in.000 tonnes) 7 000 4 000 6 000 Spain 3 500 Oranges Small citrus 5 000 Italy Greece 3 000 2 500 Spain Italy Lemons 4 000 Portugal 2 000 Greece Portugal 3 000 1 500 2 000 1 000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 1 000 500 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 A r e a EU Import of main citrus varieties [tonnes] EU orange imports per marketing year (Sept-Aug) [tonnes] EU export of citrus fruit [Tonnes] 1.100.000 Oranges 40 000 450.000 Oranges 1.000.000 900.000 800.000 Small citrus Lemons Grapefruit 35 000 30 000 25 000 Turkey Swaziland Mexico Chile Tunisia Israel Honduras Peru Turkey 400.000 350.000 300.000 Small citrus Lemons 700.000 250.000 600.000 20 000 Peru 200.000 500.000 15 000 Tunisia 150.000 400.000 10 000 100.000 300.000 5 000 50.000 200.000 Source: Eurostat, Comext 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 Source: Eurostat, Comext - Source: Eurostat, Comext 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 KEY MARKET BALANCE INDICATORS FOR CITRUS FRUITS (oranges, small citrus, lemons) - tonnes Month Extra-EU imports Extra-EU exports EU production EU consumption estimates 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 1 88.737 102.216 122.218 94.765 83.836 82.681 2.091.487 1.996.818 2.134.658 1.991.446 1.851.914 1.977.640 2 91.915 117.249 109.238 82.074 86.443 69.494 1.702.299 1.615.595 1.736.854 1.635.620 1.514.289 1.616.673 3 95.450 112.920 135.592 79.436 84.121 66.157 1.404.320 1.328.9 1.396.484 1.357.210 1.249.083 1.337.334 4 95.714 115.587 124.757 68.397 59.913 43.759 862.986 812.046 827.635 851.512 801.316 832.426 5 86.460 111.240 106.950 42.547 29.748 24.030 605.469 561.768 545.943 622.166 597.323 578.594 6 111.848 173.674 121.090 21.903 10.150 13.090 313.602 287.176 270.810 389.451 427.216 353.875 7 184.200 205.190 231.910 10.897 6.720 7.437 147.865 131.903 116.663 314.522 319.587 330.393 8 258.076 288.607 277.336 6.712 6.758 7.489 87.282 78.381 70.577 334.723 353.820 333.925 9 254.900 271.040 264.615 8.051 11.198 8.768 261.480 241.988 239.483 496.575 482.042 473.279 10 171.469 125.159 188.416 30.084 41.629 33.3 0.381 583.837 548.515 667.026 619.625 653.070 11 60.578 63.560 68.144 88.218 97.296 82.692 1.615.508 1.767.964 1.664.085 1.515.250 1.589.656 1.496.312 12 84.374 95.820 67.054 122.594 110.809 109.407 1.715.322 1.890.570 1.776.293 1.599.997 1.720.984 1.570.383 Annual 1.583.720 1.782.261 1.817.319 6.677 628.621 548.360 11.358.000 11.297.000 11.328.000 11.775.496 11.526.8 11.3.903 Market access (imports/consumption): 13,4% 15,5% 15,7% Exports/production : 5,8% 5,6% 4,8% Apparent consumption, kg per capita: 23,2 22,7 22,8 Sources: Eurostat, MSs notifications, PSD, DG Agri, Eurostat, Comext, Comtrade, ITC, GTA, Expert groups

/100 kg 85 80 75 70 75 69 73 68 EUROPEAN UNION - Orange prices, weighted avg Current 2018/2019 () 2017/2018 Monthly 5 year MAX Monthly 5 year MIN 5 year avg 67 70 76 82 72 74 ( /100kg) 65 60 61 59 63 61 58 63 64 64 65 53 50 45 40 52 52 51 46 43 44 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 49 48 49 50 2

Citrus prices /100kg and % changes CURRENT PRICES COMPARED TO 5 YEAR AVERAGE CURRENT PRICES COMPARED TO ONE MONTH AGO November 2018, Price, /100 kg November 2018, comparison to 5 year avg, base = 100 % 5 year avg price '13-'17, changes from November to October % 2018, changes from November to October % EU 73 125 % - 4% - 3% EL-Greece 117 % - 13% - 10% ES-Spain 70 142 % - 7% - 8% IT-Italy 89 111 % + 4% + 6% PT-Portugal 70 117% - 1% + 13 % 3

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/100 kg 75 70 65 60 50 45 40 35 30 68 61 54 41 GREECE - Orange prices ( /100kg) Current 2018/2019 () 2017/2018 Monthly 5 year MAX Monthly 5 year MIN 5 year avg 60 53 52 49 47 49 47 45 45 44 43 41 40 40 38 37 37 36 36 36 36 77 68 61 56 52 48 45 41 40 39 34 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 5

/100 kg 125 115 105 95 85 75 65 70 89 83 86 83 77 Current 2018/2019 () 2017/2018 Monthly 5 year MAX Monthly 5 year MIN 5 year avg 79 77 91 81 74 ITALY - Orange prices ( /100kg) 86 72 64 97 75 99 78 60 60 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 6 106 69 121 86 86 66 94 68 95 81 81 69

/100 kg 90 80 70 60 80 70 70 62 61 60 62 PORTUGAL - Orange prices ( /100kg) Current 2018/2019 () 2017/2018 Monthly 5 year MAX Monthly 5 year MIN 5 year avg 70 85 59 50 50 54 50 48 48 52 53 52 40 43 38 38 38 41 43 45 30 30 35 35 28 28 28 29 28 29 29 28 30 20 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 7

8.000 EU citrus production: oranges, small citrus* and lemons (in.000 tonnes) 7.000 6.000 5.000 Oranges Small citrus 4.000 Lemons 3.000 2.000 1.000 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Small citrus (group mandarines): clementines, satsumas and other. 8

8 000 Citrus fruit production (in 000 tonnes) 7 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 Spain Italy Greece Portugal 3 000 2 000 1 000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 9

4 500 Orange production (in.000 tonnes) 4 000 3 500 3 000 2 500 2 000 Spain Greece Italy Portugal 1 500 1 000 500 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 10

Small citrus production (in.000 tonnes) 3.000 2.500 2.000 1.500 Spain Italy Greece Cyprus France Portugal 1.000 500 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 11

EU Import of main citrus varieties [tonnes] 1.100.000 1.000.000 900.000 Oranges Small citrus Lemons Grapefruit 800.000 700.000 600.000 500.000 400.000 300.000 200.000 Source: Eurostat, Comext 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 12

EU orange imports per marketing year (Sept-Aug) [tonnes] 40 000 35 000 Turkey Swaziland Tunisia Israel 30 000 Mexico Chile Honduras Peru Turkey 25 000 20 000 Peru 15 000 Tunisia 10 000 5 000 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 Source: Eurostat, Comext 13

EU export of citrus fruit [Tonnes] 450.000 400.000 350.000 Oranges Small citrus Lemons 300.000 250.000 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 - Source: Eurostat, Comext 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 14

Further detail Source: Climate Prediction Center 15

EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS IN EUROPE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES +/- C ON AVG 13 Nov 2018 to 12 Dec 2018 (+/- 30 days) Further detail Source: Climate Prediction Center 16

Source: JRC Further detail 17

EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS IN EUROPE 90 DAY PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS OF ANOMALIES 13 Sep 2018 to 12 Dec 2018 (90 days) - % of normal Further detail Source: Ag Weather 18

EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS IN EUROPE 30 DAY PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS OF ANOMALIES 13 Nov 2018 to 12 Dec 2018 (30 days) - % of normal Further detail Source: Ag Weather 19

EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS IN EUROPE 01 Nov 2018 to 14 Dec 2018 Source: Severe weather database 20

KEY MARKET BALANCE INDICATORS FOR CITRUS FRUITS (oranges, small citrus, lemons) - tonnes Month Extra-EU imports Extra-EU exports EU production EU consumption estimates 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 1 88.737 102.216 122.218 94.765 83.836 82.681 2.091.487 1.996.818 2.134.658 1.991.446 1.851.914 1.977.640 2 91.915 117.249 109.238 82.074 86.443 69.494 1.702.299 1.615.595 1.736.854 1.635.620 1.514.289 1.616.673 3 95.450 112.920 135.592 79.436 84.121 66.157 1.404.320 1.328.9 1.396.484 1.357.210 1.249.083 1.337.334 4 95.714 115.587 124.757 68.397 59.913 43.759 862.986 812.046 827.635 851.512 801.316 832.426 5 86.460 111.240 106.950 42.547 29.748 24.030 605.469 561.768 545.943 622.166 597.323 578.594 6 111.848 173.674 121.090 21.903 10.150 13.090 313.602 287.176 270.810 389.451 427.216 353.875 7 184.200 205.190 231.910 10.897 6.720 7.437 147.865 131.903 116.663 314.522 319.587 330.393 8 258.076 288.607 277.336 6.712 6.758 7.489 87.282 78.381 70.577 334.723 353.820 333.925 9 254.900 271.040 264.615 8.051 11.198 8.768 261.480 241.988 239.483 496.575 482.042 473.279 10 171.469 125.159 188.416 30.084 41.629 33.3 0.381 583.837 548.515 667.026 619.625 653.070 11 60.578 63.560 68.144 88.218 97.296 82.692 1.615.508 1.767.964 1.664.085 1.515.250 1.589.656 1.496.312 12 84.374 95.820 67.054 122.594 110.809 109.407 1.715.322 1.890.570 1.776.293 1.599.997 1.720.984 1.570.383 Annual 1.583.720 1.782.261 1.817.319 6.677 628.621 548.360 11.358.000 11.297.000 11.328.000 11.775.496 11.526.8 11.3.903 Market access (imports/consumption): 13,4% 15,5% 15,7% Exports/production : 5,8% 5,6% 4,8% Apparent consumption, kg per capita: 23,2 22,7 22,8 21

TOP WORLD CITRUS IMPORTERS FROM ALL ORIGINS CN CODE 0805-2016 Further detail 22

TOP WORLD CITRUS IMPORTERS FROM ALL ORIGINS Further detail 23

TOP WORLD CITRUS IMPORTERS FROM ALL ORIGINS Further detail 24

TOP WORLD CITRUS IMPORTERS FROM ALL ORIGINS Importers Value imported in 2016 (USD thousand) Trade balance in 2016 (USD thousand) Quantity imported in 2016 Quantity Unit Unit value (USD/unit) Annual growth in value between 2012-2016 (%) Annual growth in quantity between 2012-2016 (%) Annual growth in value between 2015-2016 (%) Share in world imports (%) Average distance of supplying countries (km) Concentration of supplying countries World 14531025-1036618 161526 Tons 900 2 2 7 100 4685 0.1 Average tariff (estimated) applied by the country (%) France 1198011-1074766 1101543 Tons 1088 1 1 11 8.2 2258 0.45 2.6 Germany 1194130-1092824 1123067 Tons 1063 0 0 7 8.2 2585 0. 2.6 Russian Federation 1158958-1152433 1522102 Tons 761-8 -2-3 8 4899 0.16 3.2 Netherlands 1129565-250119 1135271 Tons 995 3 3 14 7.8 7027 0.13 2.6 United States of America 1059833-20290 10438 Tons 1014 16 9 8 7.3 90 0.28 1.1 United Kingdom 824478-798571 797595 Tons 1034 4 4 4 5.7 4308 0.21 2.6 Canada 549901-549377 494213 Tons 1113 4 1 2 3.8 5335 0.23 0 Italy 382087-106956 356496 Tons 1072 0-2 -8 2.6 4093 0.24 2.6 Hong Kong, China 373871-2261 358538 Tons 1043 11 8 13 2.6 9910 0.25 0 Japan 368542-362794 253973 Tons 1451-5 -9 9 2.5 10668 0.45 12.9 Poland 364958-335466 428408 Tons 852 0 0 2 2.5 3577 0.24 2.6 China 354850 948991 295641 Tons 1200 24 25 33 2.4 9982 0.24 18.5 Saudi Arabia 349834-329447 669234 Tons 523 5 4 12 2.4 3989 0.24 0 Belgium 331660-252429 268812 Tons 1234 1 1 15 2.3 1439 0.31 2.6 Spain 298985 3180603 277391 Tons 1078 9 7 50 2.1 6746 0.25 2.6 Korea, Republic of 287873-285137 193939 Tons 1484 3-2 16 2 10850 0.8 75.4 United Arab Emirates 2624-230113 367748 Tons 695 12 7-10 1.8 93 0.25 0 Iraq 217990-217990 505262 Tons 431-7 9 2 1.5 1279 0.89... Viet Nam 217615-199176 194126 Tons 1121 15-5 23 1.5 2826 0.82 29.1 Switzerland 200270-200011 145932 Tons 1372 3 2 7 1.4 2341 0.41 1.4 Romania 179434-178327 266925 Tons 672 14 11 16 1.2 1674 0.19 3.5 Sweden 178575-175264 184905 Tons 966 2 2 7 1.2 2325 0.22 2.6 Austria 178220-142371 168352 Tons 1059 2 2 6 1.2 1133 0.23 2.6 Malaysia 170754-164656 201182 Tons 849 13 4 19 1.2 7548 0.22 3.9 25

180 Orange area - 000 ha 160 140 120 100 80 60 Spain Portugal Greece Italy Cyprus 40 20 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Further detail 26

250 Area of small citrus - 000 ha 200 Spain Italy Greece 150 Portugal France Cyprus 100 50 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Further detail 27

50 45 Lemons area - 000 ha 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 Spain Cyprus Greece Italy Portugal 5 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 28

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