Taekwondo Student Handbook Blue Belt 4 th Kup Copyright James Seaman 2017
Contents Belt Meaning... 1 Pattern Meaning... 1 Joong-Gun... 1 Advanced Pattern Meaning (for information only)... 1 Joong-Gun (Advanced)... 1 Theory... 2 Positioning... 2 Stances... 4 Moa Junbi Sogi B (Close Ready Stance B)... 4 Dwitbal Sogi (Rear Foot Stance)... 4 Nachuo Sogi (Low stance)... 5 Body Parts... 6 Hand Parts (Sang Basin)... 6 Pyun Joomuk... 6 Yop Joomuk... 6 Foot Parts (Habansing)... 7 Balkal Dung... 7 Yop Baldung... 7 Kicks(Chagi)... 8 Hooking Kick... 8 Pressing Kick... 8 (Noolo Chagi)... 8 Attacking Tool... 8 Footsword (balkal)... 8 Side sole (yop bal badak) or Reverse footsword (balkal dung)... 8 Techniques... 9 Kyocha Joomuk... 9 Giokja Jirugi... 9 Sang Sewo Jirugi... 9 Bandal Jirugi... 10 Dollyo Jirugi... 10 Digutja Makgi... 10 Momchau Makgi... 11
2 Step Sparring (Ibo Matsoki)... 12 Number 5... 12 Number 6... 13 Number 7... 14 Number 8... 15 Semi Free / 3 Step Semi Free Sparring (Ban Jayoo Matsoki)... 16 Advanced... 16 Joong Gun... 17 Grading Revision Sheets... 34 4 th Kup (blue belt)... 34 Blue Belt (4th Kup) Grading... 36
Belt Meaning Blue Blue signifies the heaven towards which the plant matures into a towering tree as training in Taekwon-do progresses Red Red signifies danger cautioning the student to exercise control and warning the opponent to stay away Pattern Meaning You must learn this pattern meaning for your grading: Joong-Gun (32 moves) Joong-Gun is named after the Patriot An Jung-Gun who assassinated Hiro-Bumi Ito the first Japanese Governor General of Korea, known as the man who played the leading part in the Korea-Japan merger. There are 32 movements in this pattern to represent Mr An s age when he was executed in Lui-Shung prison in 1910 Advanced Pattern Meaning (for information only) Joong-Gun (Advanced) Ahn Joong Gun/An Jung Gun (originally An Eung-chil later renamed Thomas during a Catholic Baptism) was born in 1879 and was a Korean activist who rallied against the Japanese occupation of Korea. In 1909, Ahn assassinated Hiro Bumi Ito who was previously Japan s first prime minister. Hiro had forced through the Protectorate Treaty which led to the legal right of Japan to occupy Korea. An hid a gun in a lunch box which he used to shoot Hiro three times and also seriously injure 3 others. An believed he had paved the way for unification between Korea and Japan which was one of his great beliefs (along with unification with China). Page 1
Theory Positioning Ap Front On the centre line of the body Yop ap - Side front On the shoulder line of the body Yop Side On the flank (beyond the shoulder line) Yop dwi - Side back Behind the shoulder Page 2
Dwit Back Behind the body Page 3
Stances Moa Junbi Sogi B (Close Ready Stance B) This is either a full-facing or side-facing stance. - As Moa Junbi Sogi A but the side of the fist is parallel to the floor and in front of your navel Dwitbal Sogi (Rear Foot Stance) This is side facing - Most of the weight is on the back foot - The ball of the front foot is resting on the floor - One shoulder width long in total from front to rear footsword - Page 4
Nachuo Sogi (Low stance) This is either full facing or half facing - See walking stance but one half a foot s length (not 6 inches) longer Page 5
Body Parts Hand Parts (Sang Basin) Pyun Joomuk Open fist Wrist bent backwards, second and third knuckles bent towards the palm of the hand. The base of the palm strikes, not the fingers Yop Joomuk Sidefist Page 6
Foot Parts (Habansing) Balkal Dung Reverse footsword Yop Baldung Side instep Page 7
Kicks(Chagi) Hooking Kick (Golcho chagi) Attacking Tool Side instep (Yop baldung) Like a hooking block with the hand, bends over the attacking tool and pushes it down Pressing Kick (Noolo Chagi) Attacking Tool Footsword (balkal) Side sole (yop bal badak) or Reverse footsword (balkal dung) Breaks the knee or calf normally, target is lower than the knee of the load bearing leg (which is bent slightly on impact). Page 8
Techniques Kyocha Joomuk X Fist Giokja Jirugi Keep the body upright, the front leg should denote the front hand (unlike the picture shows!) Angle punch Sang Sewo Jirugi Finish on the shoulder line Twin vertical punch Aim for the cheek bones, don t extend the arms too far Page 9
Bandal Jirugi Crescent punch Finishes on the centre line, travels in an arc Dollyo Jirugi Turning punch Finishes on the centre line, travels in a sharp curve, only middle section Digutja Makgi U-Shape Block Keep the lower arm just in front of the hip and make sure the arms are in line with each other Page 10
Momchau Makgi Checking Block Page 11
2 Step Sparring (Ibo Matsoki) Number 5 Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Right (spin clockwise) Reverse side kick Middle Solar plexus Right Right L stance Palm waist block Middle Tibia Place the right leg down then step forwards with the left Left walking stance Open fist strike High Face Left Right L stance Outer forearm inward block High Outer forearm Left walking stance Counter attack Right (foot shift) Right walking stance Reverse knifehand strike Middle Solar plexus Page 12
Number 6 Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Right Turning kick High Head Left Sitting stance Twin forearm checking block High Tibia Place right leg down then step forwards with the left Left walking stance Arc hand strike High Neck Right Right L stance Hooking block High Inner forearm Left walking stance Counter attack Left Side kick Middle Solar plexus Page 13
Number 7 Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Right Left L stance Side fist side punch Middle Ribs Left Left L stance Twin forearm block Middle and high Outer forearm Left (spin anticlockwise) Reverse turning kick Middle Ribs Right Right L stance Knifehand guarding block Middle Calf/heel Left Right L stance Counter attack Right (spin clockwise) Turning kick High Face Page 14
Number 8 Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Attacker Defender Right Side kick Middle Solar plexus Right Right L stance Inner forearm inward block Middle Calf/heel Place right leg down then continue spin anticlockwise Right L stance Knifehand side strike Middle Ribs Left steps behind the right then right steps back again Right L stance Knifehand guarding block Middle Outer forearm Right L Stance Counter attack Left steps across and forward then right steps in front X stance Backfist side strike High Temple Page 15
Semi Free / 3 Step Semi Free Sparring (Ban Jayoo Matsoki) Advanced The attacker may choose to do any hand or foot technique (starting with either leg) but excluding flying techniques. The defender will choose any 3 blocks and a counter which can be any technique including flying techniques. Example: High turning kick Double forearm block Backfist downward strike Rising block Front kick X fist pressing block Flying front kick counter Page 16
Joong Gun Foot shifting is introduced in this pattern as well as another release from a grab after a backfist strike. You also perform slow motion for the first time which should use all normal techniques to generate power (hip twist, breath control, knee spring, tension on impact etc.) without speed. 0 This pattern commences with close ready stance B. This is like Won Hyo but with the fists turned over and level with the navel. Moa junbi sogi B 1 Release the left foot, turn anticlockwise a quarter turn and chamber for a reverse knifehand block, don t forget to pick the hands up straight away. Step the left leg out into a right L stance and execute a middle section reverse knifehand block. The fingertips are normally level with the shoulder and the arm should be bent at 90 degrees at the elbow (which gives the best range/coverage combination). Niunja sogi sonkal dung kaunde makgi Page 17
2 Perform a fast front snap kick by picking the front leg straight up and firing out the kick. This doesn t chamber like a normal front kick where you pull the hips right back before execution. Don t forget to leave your hand out as you perform the kick and pull the toes back so you use the ball of the foot. This is low section so below belt height. Najunde ap cha busigi 3 Lower the kicking (right) leg and step on with the right whilst chambering a palm upward block. Move the right foot forwards into a left rear foot stance and use the hip rotation to force the hand up and generate power. Dwitbal sogi sonbadak ollyo makgi Page 18
4 Pull the front (right) leg backwards and spin on the rear (left) foot one half a turn clockwise whilst chambering for another reverse knifehand block. Step the right foot out forming a left L stance and execute the block, try not to lean forward too much as you block. Niunja sogi sonkal dung kaunde makgi 5 Just as before we perform a fast front kick, raise the knee directly up whilst leaving the blocking hand in place. Execute a low section front snap kick. Najunde ap cha busigi Page 19
6 Step the kicking foot down then move the other (left) leg forwards as you chamber another upward block Continue to step the left leg through and form a right rear foot stance (make sure you don t step the front foot too far when making a rear foot stance), and perform an upward block. Be sure to use the hips to generate power in the block. Dwitbal sogi sonbadak ollyo makgi 7 Pull the front leg (left) back as you rotate one quarter turn anticlockwise and chamber for a knifehand guarding block. Step the left leg out forming a right L stance and execute the block. Niunja sogi sonkal kaunde daebi makgi Page 20
8 Break the stance and chamber the arms for an upper elbow strike, the elbow should originate from the hip as with a punch. Slide the front (left) foot forwards into a left walking stance and perform the reverse elbow strike. Gunnon sogi wi palkup bandae taerigi 9 Step the back (right) leg forwards and rotate the hips one eighth of a turn beyond full facing whilst chambering another knifehand guard. Position the right foot forwards into a left L stance and execute the block. Niunja sogi sonkal kaunde daebi makgi Page 21
10 Reposition for an elbow strike. Step the right foot out (foot shift) into a right walking stance whilst performing the strike. Gunnon sogi wi palkup bandae taerigi 11 Continue to move forwards bringing the back (left) leg towards the right, as usual no closer than shoulder width, and chamber with both hands on your hips. Extend the left leg into a left walking stance and perform a twin vertical punch. Make sure the hands are not too far apart (imagine you are punching cheekbones on an opponent the same size as yourself). Gunnon sogi sang sewo jirugi Page 22
12 Step forwards again making a circular motion with the hands, turn the hips as part of the chamber as usual. Step the right foot out to form a right walking whilst executing a twin upset punch. Gunnon sogi sang dwijibo jirugi 13 Step the front (right) foot onto the centre line to perform a step turn. Spin one half a turn anticlockwise on the front foot pulling the left foot backwards whilst chambering for an X fist rising block. Page 23
Move the left leg out into a left walking stance and perform your rising block. Make sure the X fist is well above your head, your hands should be well above eye level. Gunnon sogi Kyocha joomuk chookyo makgi 14 Pull the front (left) leg back and rotate one quarter turn anticlockwise whilst chambering for a backfist side strike. Step the left foot forwards into a right L stance and execute a high section strike. Make sure the fist does not extend beyond the shoulder line because this weakens the strike. Niunja sogi dung joomuk nopunde yop taerigi Page 24
15 Foot shift the left leg forwards into a walking stance and execute a release from a grab. Twist the wrist to pull against the opponent s thumb and push the arm forwards then pull back in a large circular movement. Gunnon sogi jappyosul tae Immediately execute move 16 in fast motion. 16 Leave the feet in a walking stance and rechamber a reverse punch. Execute a high section punch in walking stance. Note 15 and 16 are performed in fast motion. Gunnon sogi ap joomuk nopunde bandae ap jirugi 17 Bring the front (left) foot to the right foot so they touch and then chamber a backfist strike. Turn one half turn clockwise. Page 25
Step the right foot forwards into a left L stance and execute a high section (eye level) backfist side strike. Niunja sogi doong joomuk nopunde yop taerigi 18 Slip the front foot into a walking stance and execute a release from a grab. Gunnon sogi jappyosul tae 19 Rechamber on the spot for a reverse punch. Execute a high section reverse punch. Perform 18 and 19 in fast motion. Gunnon sogi ap joomuk nopunde bandae ap jirugi Page 26
20 Bring the front (right) foot to the left foot until they meet and chamber a double forearm block. Turn one quarter turn anticlockwise. Step the left foot forwards into a left walking stance and execute a high section double forearm block. ` Gunnon sogi doo palmok nopunde makgi 21 Pull the front (left) foot back and chamber for a reverse punch in L stance (don t forget a reverse punch in L stance is different to a reverse punch in walking stance i.e. the front leg does not dictate the stance due to the 70/30 weight distribution). Execute a reverse punch, you should finish with the hips and shoulders at 45 degrees to the opponent. Niunja sogi ap joomuk kaunde bandae yop Page 27
jirugi 22 Step the back (right) leg forwards and execute a middle section side piercing kick. Yop cha jirugi 23 Lower the kicking leg in a controlled manner and chamber for a double forearm block. Step the right leg out into a right walking stance and perform the high section block. Gunnon sogi doo palmok nopunde makgi Page 28
24 Slide the front (right) leg backwards so that you can chamber a reverse punch with the hips one eighth of a turn from the final resting position. Slide the right leg forward forming a left L stance and execute the side punch. Niunja sogi ap joomuk kaunde yop jirugi 25 Bring the back (left) leg forwards and execute a middle section side kick, don t forget to pick the knee up nice and high before kicking and make sure your static leg (the one that is on the floor) rotates all the way round as you kick. 26 Lower the kicking leg and then prepare for a forearm guarding block. Page 29 Step the left leg forwards into a right L Stance and execute a middle section forearm guard.
Niunja sogi kaunde palmok daebi makgi 27 Bring the front (left) leg back slightly and chamber for a palm pressing block. Both hands should make a circle shape when executing this block. Footshift the left leg forwards and form a low stance whilst executing the palm pressing block. Nachuo sogi sonbadak noollo makgi Page 30
28 Bring the back (right) leg through and chamber for another forearm guarding block. Move the right leg out forming a left L stance and execute the forearm guarding block. Be sure to use hip twist properly in this set of moves moving in a straight line, it is obvious when this is being done wrong. Niunja sogi kaunde palmok daebi makgi 29 Retract the front leg slightly and chamber the hands for a palm pressing block. Execute another palm pressing block in low stance. Nachuo sogi sonbadak noollo makgi Page 31
30 Bring the right hand back to the hip as you step up into a close stance. Execute an angle punch whilst tuning one quarter turn anticlockwise. The punch should finish level with the shoulder (not the chest) and at the same height as the top of the shoulder. Moa sogi ap joomuk giokja jirugi 31 Pivot the left foot and chamber the hands for a U-shaped block. Step the right leg out into a fixed stance and perform a U-shaped block. Make sure the lower arm is lodged against the hip and that the top arm is in line with the bottom arm. The blocking tool is the same part as a reverse knifehand (bandal son), not between the thumb and forefinger as people often expect. Page 32
Gojung sogi digutja makgi 32 Bring the front (right) foot to the back (left) foot and turn the body one half a turn anticlockwise whilst chambering another U- shaped block the other side. Step the left foot out creating a right L stance whilst executing another U-shaped block. Ki ap to signify the end of the pattern. Niunja sogi digutja makgi Completion The left leg was the last leg to move out so you bring this leg back in to form your junbi position. Moa junbi sogi B Page 33
Grading Revision Sheets 4 th Kup (blue belt) Patterns up to: Sparring: Joong Gun 3 Step Semi-Free advanced (Ban Jayoo matsoki) 2 Step (5-8) Ibo Matsoki Intermediate free sparring, Jayoo Matsoki, (you can add some light contact into the techniques and should using good positioning and combinations of more advanced moves including jumping techniques) Continue to practice 3 step (sambo Matsoki) 1-10, 3 Step Semi-Free (Basic and intermediate), 2 step 1-4 and basic free sparring Theory: - Define double stepping (ibo omgyo didigi) - Define single stepping (ilbo omgyo didigi) - Describe slow motion - Baldung Instep (top of the foot) Advanced - Turning punch Dollyo jirugi - Crescent punch - Bandal jirugi - Techniques - Open Fist High Punch Pyon Joomuk Nopunde Jirugi - Arc Hand High Strike Bandal Son Nopunde Taerigi - Twin Straight Forearm Checking Block Sang Sun Palmok Momchau Makgi - Side Fist Side Strike Yop Joomuk Yop Taerigi - Palm Waist Block Sonbadak Hori Makgi - Reverse Turning Kick Bandae Dollyo Chagi - Inner Forearm Inward Waist Block An Palmok Anuro Hori Makgi - Pad routine - Reverse Knifehand Block Sonkal Dung Makgi - Upper Elbow Strike Wi Palkup Taerigi - X-Fist Rising Block Kyocha Joomuk Chookyo Makgi - Palm Pressing Block Sonbadak Noollo Makgi - Angle Punch Giokja Jirugi - U-Shape Block Digutja Makgi - A power test is required because breaking boards is no longer permitted at this level. The test is normally your choice of: i. Front kick ii. Turning kick iii. Side kick Page 34
iv. Reverse side kick You should be able to perform at least two of the above well with both feet. Make sure you take a measure, show the correct foot shape and perform a powerful kick that finishes behind the pad. Stances 1. Rear foot stance (Dwitbal Sogi) Most of the weight on the back foot, ball of the front foot resting on floor, one shoulder width long 2. Low stance (Nachuo Sogi) As walking stance but once foot s length longer 3. Close ready stance B (Moa junbi sogi B) Feet together, 50/50 weight and hands in front of tha navel Page 35
Blue Belt (4th Kup) Grading State your name and grade Examiner s choice pattern Student s choice pattern Pattern: Joong-Gun 3 Step Semi-Free Sparring (advanced any hand or foot technique excluding flying, any block and counter including flying techniques) 2 Step Sparring (5-8) Power Test, choice technique Free Sparring Page 36