The preliminary data presented in the following PDF is not to be used without the author s consent. James Sulikowski, Ph.D. Marine Science Center University of New England 11 Hills Beach Rd. Biddeford, ME 04005 jsulikowski@une.edu
Dismissing Dogma: Using satellite tag technology to gain new insights into the horizontal and vertical movement patterns of spiny dogfish.
Segregation voracious and opportunistic Dogfish Along the U.S. Highly piscivorous, but maintains broad diet Potentially makes extended North -South migrations Atlantic Coast
Contentious topic
NMFS Spring Survey Three year moving averages SSB (2005) SSB (2007) ~ 53,600 mt 155,800 mt Biologically does not make sense
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90 55 80 70 60 50 45 35 Calculated Averaged Argos Start Point End Point 25
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 11/12/07 11/14/07 11/16/07 11/18/07 11/20/07 11/22/07 11/24/07 11/26/07 11/28/07 11/30/07 12/2/07 12/4/07 12/6/07 12/8/07 12/10/07 12/12/07 12/14/07 12/16/07 12/18/07 12/20/07 12/22/07 12/24/07 12/26/07 12/28/07 12/30/07 1/1/08 1/3/08 1/5/08 1/7/08 1/9/08 1/11/08 1/13/08 1/15/08 1/17/08 35 40 45
0 100 200 300 400 11/12/07 11/14/07 11/16/07 11/18/07 11/20/07 11/22/07 11/24/07 11/26/07 11/28/07 11/30/07 12/2/07 12/4/07 12/6/07 12/8/07 12/10/07 12/12/07 12/14/07 12/16/07 12/18/07 12/20/07 12/22/07 12/24/07 12/26/07 12/28/07 12/30/07 1/1/08 1/3/08 1/5/08 1/7/08 1/9/08 1/11/08 1/13/08 1/15/08 500 600
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 10/31/07 11/7/07 11/14/07 11/21/07 11/28/07 12/5/07 12/12/07 12/19/07 12/26/07 1/2/08 1/9/08 1/16/08 1/23/08 1/30/08 2/6/08 2/13/08 2/20/08 2/27/08 3/5/08 3/12/08 3/19/08 3/26/08 4/2/08 4/9/08 4/16/08 4/23/08 160 180 200
0 10/31/07 11/7/07 11/14/07 11/21/07 11/28/07 12/5/07 12/12/07 12/19/07 12/26/07 1/2/08 1/9/08 1/16/08 1/23/08 TAG 1 1/30/08 2/6/08 2/13/08 2/20/08 2/27/08 3/5/08 3/12/08 3/19/08 3/26/08 4/2/08 4/9/08 4/16/08 4/23/08 TAG 3 100 Depth (meters) 200 300 400 TAG 2 500 600
Nmfs trawl
0 50 100 150 11/12/07 11/14/07 11/16/07 11/18/07 11/20/07 11/22/07 11/24/07 11/26/07 11/28/07 11/30/07 12/2/07 12/4/07 12/6/07 12/8/07 12/10/07 12/12/07 12/14/07 12/16/07 12/18/07 12/20/07 12/22/07 12/24/07 12/26/07 12/28/07 12/30/07 1/1/08 1/3/08 1/5/08 1/7/08 1/9/08 1/11/08 1/13/08 1/15/08 1/17/08 90% in survey area 0% at a catch able depth 200 250
35% of time in survey area 0 100 200 300 400 11/12/07 11/14/07 11/16/07 11/18/07 11/20/07 11/22/07 11/24/07 11/26/07 11/28/07 11/30/07 12/2/07 12/4/07 12/6/07 12/8/07 12/10/07 12/12/07 12/14/07 12/16/07 12/18/07 12/20/07 12/22/07 12/24/07 12/26/07 12/28/07 12/30/07 1/1/08 1/3/08 1/5/08 1/7/08 1/9/08 1/11/08 1/13/08 1/15/08 24% at a catch able depth 500 600
SSB (2007) SSB tag (2007) 155,800mt 623,200mt Total biomass (2007) 478,600 Total biomass tag (2007) 1,914,400
Anomalies????? SSB (2005) SSB (2007) ~ 53,000mt 155,800mt NEFSC male to female ratio is 4-1 East Carolina male to female ratio is 1-11 Gulf of Maine male to female ratio was 1-7 Groundfish to dogfish ratio was 1-30
Trophic perspective SSB= 155,800 mt 478,000 metric ton biomass estimates from NEFSC trawl surveys in 2007 (males + females) Dogfish consume about 1.5% of their body weight per day. Dogfish eats 6x it s body weight every year 2.8 million metric tons of prey were needed to support last years biomass estimate of spiny dogfish
Gadoids, herring, sand lance
Trophic perspective 1.9 million metric ton biomass estimates from Sat Tag data Dogfish consume about 1.5% of their body weight per day. Dogfish eats 6x it s body weight every year 11.5 million metric tons of prey were needed to support last years biomass estimate of spiny dogfish
Where do we go from here 1. Quantify sex-specific horizontal and vertical movements patterns of spiny dogfish in the northwest Atlantic ocean. 2. Compare the vertical and horizontal movement patterns of satellite tagged dogfish to the NEFSC bottom trawl survey over the same temporal time period foranomalies in catchability. 3. Compare movement patterns of males and females within the northwest Atlantic ocean to ascertain the true sex ratio of the population.
Ben Galuardi Large Pelagics Research Center UNE Marine Science Center All my undergrads NEC
Genetic Studies 6 Locations 50 fin clips each DNA extracted 50 North Cape Cod 50 South Cape Cod
Diet: previous studies segregation and packs voracious and opportunistic highly piscivorous, but maintains broad diet diet tracks prey abundance Seasonal and ontogenic shifts Potential competition
Reproductive Biology
50 0.6 Size (mm) 40 30 20 10 Parturition Copulation Ovulation ProportionMatureSperm FollicleSize PupL st 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Proportion mature spermatocysts 0 Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Month 0.0
Asynchronous reproduction
Future Studies More Satellite tags Mature males vs. females Different stocks/ migration Competition for resources with local species Ontogenic shifts Investigate anomalies in the reproductive cycle
0 50 100 150 11/12/07 11/14/07 11/16/07 11/18/07 11/20/07 11/22/07 11/24/07 11/26/07 11/28/07 11/30/07 12/2/07 12/4/07 12/6/07 12/8/07 12/10/07 12/12/07 12/14/07 12/16/07 12/18/07 12/20/07 12/22/07 12/24/07 12/26/07 12/28/07 12/30/07 1/1/08 1/3/08 1/5/08 1/7/08 1/9/08 1/11/08 1/13/08 1/15/08 1/17/08 200 250
0 100 200 300 400 11/12/07 11/14/07 11/16/07 11/18/07 11/20/07 11/22/07 11/24/07 11/26/07 11/28/07 11/30/07 12/2/07 12/4/07 12/6/07 12/8/07 12/10/07 12/12/07 12/14/07 12/16/07 12/18/07 12/20/07 12/22/07 12/24/07 12/26/07 12/28/07 12/30/07 1/1/08 1/3/08 1/5/08 1/7/08 1/9/08 1/11/08 1/13/08 1/15/08 500 600
Nov Dec Jan Feb March April 78183 (1) 20.5 22 18.1 11.3 10.7 8.517 78185 (2) 96.3 151 226.9 53.8 111 122.7 78184 (3) 22.2 45.5 125.4 102.4 66.23 70.3 23.4 12.5 34.92 6.819 47.58 18.4 NEFSC/NMFS 69.05 117 76.38 72