PROGRESS IN PHOTOTHERMAL AND PHOTOACOUSTIC SCIENCE AN D TECHNOLOGY Editor ANDREAS MANDELIS Director Photoacoustic and Photothermal Sciences Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineerin g University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road Toronto, Canada M5S 1A 4 Volume I PRINCIPLES AND PERSPECTIVE S OF PHOTOTHERMAL AND PHOTOACOUSTIC PHENOMENA
Editorial Preface List of Contributors Preface to Volume I 1. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES A.C. BOCCARA AND D. FOURNIER I. Introduction 4 II. Experimental Methodology 6 III. Understanding the Phenomena : Models and Theory 1 6 IV. The Main Applications of Photoacoustic and Photothermal Techniques 1 8 V. Conclusions and Recommendations 2 8 VI. References 30 2. PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOTHERMAL DETECTION IN SOLID S J.C. MURPHY, L.C. AAMODT AND J.W.M. SPICER I. Introduction 43 II. The Temperature Field 4 6 III. Influence of Detection Method on Photothermal Observations 77 IV. Summary 90 V. References 9 2 3. PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOTHERMAL SPECTROSCOPY IN FLUIDS R. GUPTA I. Introduction 9 6 II. Temperature Distribution 9 9 III. Photothermal Phase-Shift Spectroscopy 104 IV. Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy 11 3 V. Photothermal Lensing Spectroscopy 12 9 VI. Conclusions 146 VII. References 149 4. PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOACOUSTIC AND PHOTOTHERMAL DETECTION IN GASES
P. HES S I. Introduction 15 5 II. Basic Principles 15 5 III. Experimental Methods 159 IV. Theoretical Models 167 V. Spectroscopy 17 9 VI. Energy Transfer 18 4 VII. Chemical Reactions 19 1 VIII. Conclusions 194 IX. References 19 5 5. PHOTOTHERMAL NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MATERIALS WITH THERMAL WAVES G. BUSSE AND H.G. WALTHER Y. Introduction 20 7 II. NDE with Thermal Waves 207 III. Basic Properties of Photothermal Signals 21 2 IV. Examples of Nondestructive (NDE) with Thermal Waves 23 5 V. Discussion 27 5 VI. References 284 6. PHOTOTHERMAL IMAGING AND MICROSCOPY M. MUNIDASA AND A. MANDELIS I. Introduction 300 II. Basic Theory 300 III. General Principles of Imaging 30 5 IV. Detection Methods 31 3 V. Recent Developments 344 VI. Conclusions 357 VII. References 35 8 7. ENVIRONAMENTAL AND CHEMICAL TRACE GA S ANALYSIS BY PHOTOACOUSTIC METHODS M. SIGRIS T I. Introduction 37 1 II. Experimental Techniques for Trace Gas Monitoring 37 3 III. Basic Principles of Photoacoustic Spectroscopy 378
IV. Experimental Arrangements for Trace Gas Detection by Lase r PA Spectroscopy 38 7 V. PA Studies on Trace Gas 39 2 VI. CO-Laser PA Studies 394 VII. C02Laser PA Studies 404 VIII. Conclusions 417 IX. References 41 8 8. ULTRAFAST PHOTOTHERMAL AND PHOTOACOUSTIC PHENOMEN A A. LORINCZ AND A. MIKLOS I. Introduction 43 1 II. Experimental Tools 43 2 III. Experimental Methods 43 4 IV. Description of Pump-and-Probe Experiments on Quantu m Systems 43 6 V. The Question of Energy Randomization 44 0 VI. Vibrational Energy Redistribution in Isolated Systems 44 2 VII. The Question of Thermalization 445 VIII. Ultrafast Relaxations in Liquids 44 6 IX. Relaxation in Large Systems 447 X. Ultrafast Photoexcitations in Metals 45 1 XI. Ultrafast Measurement of Thermal Properties of Thi n Films 454 XII. Transient Thermoreflectance 45 7 XIII. Acoustic Signal Generation by Ultrafast Laser Pulses 460 XIV. Conclusions 47 5 XV. Appendix I 47 6 XVI. Appendix II 47 8 XVII. Appendix III 48 0 XVIII. References 484 9. APPLICATIONS OF PHOTOACOUSTIC AN D PHOTOTHERMAL TECHNIQUES IN STUDIES OF LASER - TISSUE INTERACTIONS AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSI S D. SINGLETON I. Introduction 492 II. Characterization of the Laser Ablation Process 49 5 III. Spectroscopic Characterization, Analysis, and Detection 51 3 IV. Future Prospects 52 8 V. References 529