DESIGN OF A PLANT TO PRODUCE 250000 L/DA Y OF MANGO JUICE FROM MANGO FRUITS. BY YUNUSA MOHAMMED HUSSAINI 2001/11678EH DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA NIGER STATE. NOVEMBER 2007
r DESIGN OF A PLANT TO PRODUCE 250000 L/DAY OF MANGO JUICE FROM MANGO FRUITS. BY YUNUSA MOHAMMED HUSSAINI 2001/11678EH A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY. IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR DEGREE IN.1 ENGINEERING (B.ENG) IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA, NIGERIA. NOVEMBER, 2007. 11
DEDICATION I humbly dedicate this research project to my Creator, who converts stumbling blocks to stepping stones in my life. 111
, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I must give my profoundest gratitude to Allah (SWT), on Whom I depend for inspiration, support and success. Without His exalted Blessing the entire program, let alone this project, will have since been an abandoned endeavor. My warmest gratitude goes to my mother, Hajia Zainaba Dawood. She is a strong and virtuous woman who put everything she cherished to make sure I get the best of both worlds. Mum, I love you and forever will. My devoted father, Alhaji Yunusa Hussaini, thank you for being there always for every support you gave me making sure that I become an independent person. In the same vein, I appreciate the love shown by my uncle, Honorable Mohammed Saleh and my Aunty, Hajia Khadijah Bango, e support shown by Alh. Jibran Dan-maisanda, the love shown by my brothers Alhaji Hussaini, Saidu, Musa and Dauda and my sisters Hajia Aisha, Hajia Fati, Engr Fatima, Hauwa, Safiya and Kaltume. My cousins an aunties too numerous to mention by name. My profound appreciation goes to my project supervisor Engr AG Isah for his contributions. I take my hat off to all the departmental lecturers; Engr Muktar and Engr Sani Galadima. This chapter will not close without acknowledging the enormous contribution made by friends like Aliyu M. Bwari, Mohammed Altom, Shehu LawaI, Ibrahim, Trust house family and the entire chemical engineering class of 2007 for their support and encouragement, I love you all, you are forever in my heart. To everyone that I cannot put down your names, you stand out as irreplaceable in my life IV
, CERTIFICATION This is to certify that I have supervised, read and approved this project report, which I have found adequate both in scope and quality for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of bachelor degree in chemical engineering.... ~ PROJECT SUPERVISOR...r)J?-!.~?..... DATE (Engr A. G. ISAH) HEAD OF DEPARTMENT DATE (DR. M.O. EDOGA) EXTERNAL SUPERVISOR DATE v
DECLARATION I hereby declare that this is my original work and has never, to the best of my knowledge, been submitted anywhere else before. All literature used in the course of this study has been duly cited in the reference.... ~.... YUNUSA MOHAMMED HUSSAINI DATE VI
ABSTRACT The aim of this project is to design a plant that will produce 250,000L/day of I11JllgO juice from mango fruit. The process used in this project made used of Decorticator, Storage tank, Evaporator, Pump, Extractor, and Cooler. In the design of this plant to produce 250,000LIday of Mango juice, 1147.00kg/hr of Mango plus Water was passed into the Extractor. The various units introduced in the plant such 8S fini sher, centrifuge, evaporator, concentrate cooler, brix tank, mixer, storage tank., refi'igerating unit, and condenser were designed. Finally the economic analysis or the plant showed tbe Net profit and the total capit81 investment of the plant were W2.099 x J 0 9 per year and WI.85I x 10 9 respectively. The plant was follnd to be comillercially viable with tbe rate of return of 15.54% and a payback period or approximately 6 years. VII
':,',. ' t. CONTENT Title page Declaration Certification Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction CHAPTER TWO 2.0 Literature Survey CHAPTER THREE 3.0 Material Balance CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 Energy Balance CHAPTER FIVE TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE, Ii iii iv 'v ' vi vii 1, ~ ~, " "..t.. ~,,.J. ~ ".~ '"., ". i, " :,. 4 '.t,:/,t. 'I,::: I" 20 37 '. ~., \': '!., " ".:,'. t, 5.0 Flow sheet I Diagram 51 CHAPTER SIX 6.0 Equipment Design 54 CHAPTER SEVEN 7.0 Equipment Optimization 75 CHAPTER EIGHT 8.0 Safety and Quality Control 80 CHAPTER NINE 9.0 Process Control and Instrumentation 86 \, vii,,, ' ",. :
CHAPTER TEN 10.0 Environmental Acceptability 89 CHAPTER ELEVEN 11.0 Start Up and Shot Down Procedure 91 CHAPTER TWELVE 12.0 Site for Plant Location 93 CHAPTER THIRTEEN 13.0 Economic Analysis 99 CHAPTER FOURTEEN 14.0 Recommendation to the Industrialist 118 References 120 Appendix 122 viii