INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA HAZARD IDENTIFICATION OCCUPATIONAL WORKPLACE SAFETY, HEALTH AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT (OSHBE) PRESENTED BY: YBHG. DATO IR. SHAFFEI MOHAMAD IIUM EVENT SAFETY DIRECTOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT (OSHBE) RISK ASSESSMENT (SMALL TO MEDIUM SIZED COMMUNITY EVENTS) DATE: 27 TH SEPTEMBER 2018 TIME: 9.00 A.M. - 11.00 A.M. VENUE: STAFF LOUNGE, KICT BUILDING IIUM GOMBAK CAMPUS
The Most Common Accident in IIUM in 2017-2018 Human Injury / Fatal 49 First Aid Case 24 Near Miss 13 Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease 5 Serious Bodily Injury 4 Injury Causing Incapacity for Less than 5 Days 2 Injury Causing Incapacity for More than 4 Calendar Days 1 Property Damage 26 Negligible Occurrence (Property Damage RM10K and Below) 21 Minor Occurrence (Property Damage > 10K RM 100K) 4 Dangerous Occurrence (Property Damage > RM100K RM 1 Million) 1 Environmental Impact 9 High Negative Impact to the Surrounding 4 Moderate Negative Impact to the Surrounding 3 Severe Negative Impact to the Surrounding 1 Minor Negative Impact to the Surrounding 1 Grand Total 84
WHAT CAUSES ACCIDENTS HUMAN FAILURE UNSAFE ACT CARELESSNESS (FAIL TO GIVE SUFFICIENT ATTENTION) SLOPPINESS (DONE IN A CARELESS WAY) NEGLIGENCE (FAIL TO TAKE PROPER OR ENOUGH CARE) IN ATTENTION (LACK OF ATTENTION) LAZINESS (UNWILLING TO WORK) IGNORANCE (LACK OF KNOWLEDGE OR INFORMATION) UNSAFE CONDITION HAZARD IDENTICATION CONTROL (LACK OF HIRARC) TRAINING (NO TRAINING) KNOWLEGDE (NO KNOWLEDGE)
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WHAT IS HIRARC? HIRARC is a compound word which is made up of three consecutive activities running one after the other. The activities consist of: i. Hazard Identification: Hazard identification is the recognizing of things which may cause injury or harm to a person. ii. Risk Assessment: Risk assessment is the looking at the possibility of injury or harm occurring to a person if exposed to a hazard. iii. Risk Control: The introduction of measures which will eliminate or reduce the risk of a person being exposed to a hazard.
WHY WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT HIRARC? WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT HIRARC BECAUSE: It is the core business of all OSH personnel, safety committee members, supervisors, community, etc. Before the process of identifying any hazards begin, it is necessary to know how to classify what is hazard, risk and danger. Hazard anything that can cause harm. Risk a probability of harm actually being done / calculated Danger the relative exposure to a hazard. Hazards can be sub-classified into health or safety hazards.
RISK MANAGEMENT (HIRARC) PRINCIPLES USED IN WORKPLACE TO MANAGE SAFETY AND HEALTH: Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994: which reads the provision and maintenance of plants and systems of work that are, so far as is practicable, safe and without risks to health
A HAZARD AND A RISK..OSHA explained
What are examples of a hazard?
A 'HAZARD' AND A 'RISK'? WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A 'HAZARD' AND A 'RISK'? A hazard is something that can cause harm, e.g. electricity, chemicals, working up a ladder, noise, a keyboard, a bully at work, stress, etc. A risk is the chance, high or low, that any hazard will actually cause somebody harm.
HAZARD VERSUS RISK A HAZARD is something that has the potential to harm you RISK is the likelihood of a hazard causing harm HAZARD RISK = HAZARD+EXPOSURE Because no one is present, there is no chance of harming occurring. Because someone is present, there is a chance that this person will be attacked by the crocodile.
TYPES OF HAZARD BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS (mold, insects/pests, communicable diseases, etc.) SAFETY HAZARDS (slips, trips and falls, faulty equipment, etc.) CHEMICAL & DUST HAZARDS (cleaning products, pesticides, asbestos, etc.) WORK ORGANIZATION HAZARDS (Things that cause STRES!) ERGONOMIC HAZARDS (repetition, lifting, awkward, posture, etc.) PHYSICAL HAZARDS (noise, temperature, extremes, radiation, etc.)
HIRARC (HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION SAFETY HAZARDS ERGONOMIC HAZARDS BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS CHEMICAL HAZARDS PHYSICAL HAZARDS Any unsafe condition that cause injury, illness and death. Occur when the type of work, body positions and working conditions put strain on body. Substances that pose a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans such as medical waste Occur when the type of work, body positions and working conditions put strain on body. Factors within the environment can harm the body without necessarily touching it.
METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION Interview person in-charge who attach with the task Do inspection Job safety check Safety Audit Statistics of Accident, injury, near miss
TECHNICAL (KNOW-HOW) SUSTAINABLE BUILDING Method Of Conducting Safety Inspection Workplace Inspection: Guidance and supervision during work for non-safe work in particular. Safety inspection and confirm work area and facilities before starting work. Accident investigation / Analysis of unsafe incidents and injury data. Management / Staff Discussion. Seeking advice from specialist practitioner and representatives. Examining material safety data and product label (i.e. Expiring date) Safety Inspection Report Fire Fighting System Environmental (Chemical Waste Disposal) Occupational Health (Noise, Dust, Indoor Air Quality)
Likelihood of Occurrence Likelihood Index 4 Very Likely 3 Likely Description Could happen frequently. Exposures are excessive. More than 1 case per year. Could happen occasionally. Exposures are not adequately controlled. Once accident happen / one case per year. 2 Unlikely 1 Highly Unlikely Could happen, but only rarely. Exposures are controlled and likely to remain so. One case in 2 years to 5 years. Could happen but probably never will. Exposures are negligible. One case in 6 years to 10 years.
Severity of Occurrence Severity Index 4 Fatality / Catastrophic Damage 3 Major Injury / Dangerous Occurrence / Occupational Poisoning / Disease 2 Minor Injury / Occurrence / Disease 1 Negligible Injury / Damage / Disease Description Death / Property damage > RM 1 Million. Serious bodily injury / M.C. > 4 calendar days (NADOPOD First Schedule) / Dangerous occurrence (NADOPOD Second Schedule) / Occupational poisoning and occupational disease (NADOPOD Third Schedule) / Property damage > RM 100K RM 1 Million. Normally reversible and affect work performance / M.C. 4 days and below / First aid case / Property damage > RM 10K - RM 100K. Not affecting work performance / Near miss / Property damage RM 10K and below.
Risk Assessment Likelihood of Occurrence Severity of Occurrence Fatality / Catastrophic Damage (4) Very Likely (4) High (16) Likely (3) High (12) Unlikely (2) High (8) Highly Unlikely (1) Medium (4) Major Injury / Dangerous Occurrence / Occupational Poisoning / Disease (3) High (12) High (9) Medium (6) Medium (3) Minor Injury / Occurrence / Disease (2) High (8) Medium (6) Medium (4) Low (2) Negligible Injury / Damage / Disease (1) Medium (4) Medium (3) Low (2) Low (1)
HAZARD CONTROL HIERARCHY
HAZARD CONTROL HIERARCHY
HAZARD CONTROL HIERARCHY No. Control Method Description/Example 1. Eliminate Completely remove the hazard from the workplace so that it is not there. 2. Substitute Replace the material or process with a less hazardous one. 3. Isolate Place a barrier or similar between the hazard and people within the workplace (e.g. a fence surrounding the hazard). 4. Engineering controls 5. Administrative controls Install or using additional machinery. (e.g ventilation system, guarding on machinery, sensor system). Safety briefings, safety trainings, work procedure, safety awareness signage. 6. PPE Last line of defence to protect a worker if the above measures have failed.
IIUM EVENT SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT SAFETY (SMALL TO MEDIUM SIZED COMMUNITY EVENTS) A LWAYS B E C AREFUL ABC