Introduction to Global Studies GLSD1001B Chinese University of Hong Kong Matthieu Crozet
Who? Matthieu Crozet French and Economist PhD University Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne Former professor of in Paris 1 & Paris School of economics, Paris-Saclay Adjunct professor at University of Lausanne
What? Global Studies aim at presenting the main challenges facing the countries, cultures and economies around the world Multidisciplinary approach: International politics, Sociology, Economics
How? Class schedule Monday 2:30PM-05:15PM - LT2 Sino Building Office hours Tuesday Morning Website http://matthieucrozet.weebly.com - Password = kerguelen
What about you? What do I expect from you? The class will be profitable for all of us if all of us are involved = Talk / Ask questions / Discuss / Argue / Criticize
Introduction to Global Studies Course content
Course content 1 2 Lectures Readings 3 Homeworks
Course content 1 Lectures
Main textbooks An introduction to Global Studies Campbell, MacKinnon, Stevens
Main textbooks Global Issues, 5th ed. politics, economics and culture Richard J. Payne, Pearson
Table of contents 1. Introduction: A changing world - Week 1 2. Globalization, Nation-state system and democracy - Week 2 3. Global trade - Week 3 4. Multinational firms - Week 4 5. Global finance - Week 5 6. Population - Week 6 7. Migration - Week 7 8. Poverty and inequality between nations - Week 8 9. Poverty and inequality within nations - Week 9 10.Global environmental issues - 10 11.International Organizations - 11 12.War and peace - Week 12 13.Discussion on readings - Week 13
Course content 2 Readings
Required readings - One among the following books THOMAS PIKETTY Capital in the XXI century JARED DIAMOND Collapse DANI RODRIK The globalization paradox
Course content 3 Homeworks
Homeworks From time to time, I will ask you to prepare some material for the class
Debates Imposed topic By groups of 2 to 4: Present pros and cons arguments The class discuss, ask questions and vote
Debates 1. End of history or endless clash of civilizations? 2. Trump's trade policies: Are they possible? Are they desirable? 3. The European commission ordered Ireland to collect $14.5 billion in unpaid taxes from Apple. Irish government decided to fight this decision. Should Ireland pay? 4. Should we impose a global "Tobin tax"? 5. Is the end of Chinese one-child policy a good decision? 6. Was Merkel's policy towards Syrian refugees judicious? 7. Should developed nations reinforce foreign aid to developing countries? 8. Should we implement policies to reduce inequalities within nations? 9. Should China be more active on fight against climate change? 10. Is Putin a danger for world peace and democracy? 11. Should the U.S. renegotiate the Iranian nuclear treaty?
Grading Quizz (2 / random dates) 20 % Quizz on reading 20 % Debates 20 % Final exam 40 %
Chapter 1 Introduction to Global Studies Chinese University of Hong Kong
My world versus Your world I'm 43
My world versus Your world I'm 43 Which means that I was 18 in 1991 I don t feel that old But the world I lived in during my youth is quite different than yours
some things are more or less the same
My world versus Your world 2015 1991
My world versus Your world World Cup 2014 Wolrd cup 1990
My world versus Your world Shanghai 2016 Paris 1992
My world versus Your world Bill and Hillary Clinton Presidential campaign 2016 Bill and Hillary Clinton Presidential campaign 1992
U.S. President 1991 Georges Bush My world versus Your world U.S. Presidential candidate 2016 Jeb Bush
My world versus Your world Bashar al-assad Hafez al-assad
Al Quaeda bomb attack Yemen1992 My world versus Your world Bombing Bruxelles 2016
My world versus Your world Paris 2015 (130 kills) Paris 1995 Islamist attack (8 kills)
Italy 1991 About 15,000 Albanian migrants arrived in Bari My world versus Your world Italy migrants crisis 2016
But others changed a lot
1. Political borders
Countries and borders You may think that the existence and perimeter of countries is an immutable fact in international politics It is not
Countries and borders When I was 18, this flag existed
Countries and borders The Hong Kong flags
Countries and borders What was the capital of Germany in 1991?
Countries and borders Was Bonn until Berlin became the Capital of reunified Germany in June 1991
Countries and borders There are 197 countries in the world today 193 are U.N. Members How many in 1991?
Countries and borders 200 Number of U.N. Members 1993: 184 members 150 1980: 154 members 1990: 159 members 101 1960: 99 members 1946: 55 members 51 1946 1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
Countries and borders Between 1990 and 1993, 25 countries became U.N. members Mostly former Soviet Union and Yugoslavian republics Berlin wall, 1989, Raymond Depardon
Countries and borders Between 1990 and 1993, 25 countries became U.N. members Mostly former Soviet Union and Yugoslavian republics The total length of international borders is 248 000 Km today 27,000 km of new borders have been created since 1990 24,000 km have been changed
Countries and borders And borders matter U.S. - Mexico border
2. Technologies
Technology - computers and telecommunications 78 % of population in OECD countries have access to the Internet How many in 1991? 0.43%
Technology - computers and telecommunications The Internet internet connexion has been established in 1969 in the U.S. But the first version of the World Wide Web has been created in Europe on March 12, 1989 And the first website created on December 20, 1990 ROBERT CAILLIAU TIM BERNERS LEE http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/www/theproject.html
Technology - computers and telecommunications 80.0 Internet users (%) OECD 53.3 World 26.7 0.0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Source WDI
Technology - computers and telecommunications Source IMF
Technology - computers and telecommunications PowerBook 100 - Apple s first laptop 16 MHz processor, 2MB RAM and a 20MB hard drive $2,500 = 2015- $4,530
Technology - computers and telecommunications In 1991, the frequency of the most performant microprocessor was 30 times lower But processor frequencies have stagnated, since 2000
Technology - transport Number of air passengers (% of World population) 50 34 18 3 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Source WDI
Technology Technology In 1991, where was the tallest building outside the U.S.? Hong Kong
Technology Bank of China Tower was the 5th tallest building in the world All the other towers in the top 10 where in the U.S.
Technology Today, Bank of China tower ranks 36 Only one U.S. tower ranks in the top 10 (One world trade center)
3. Population
Population World population is about 7.3 billion today How many in 1991? 2 billion less: 5.3 billion It increased by more than 37% since 1991
Population World population 10.0 2050: 9.7 billion 7.5 2015: 7.3 billion 2030: 8.5 billion 5.0 1973: 3.9 billion 1991: 5.3 billion 1960: 3 billion 2.5 1960 1973 1991 2015 2030 2050 Source WDI & UN
Population World Populations 0 2000000000 4000000000 6000000000 8000000000 1960 China European Union World Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels) North America 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 24 18 12 6 0 Share of world population (%) Source WDI
Population your world is populous but also older % of population +65 years old - Source WDI
4. Wealth and poverty
Wealth and poverty Poverty About 12% of world population have less than 1.9$* per day How many in 1991? About 37% * level of extreme poverty defined by the World Bank
Wealth and poverty More than half of the world population had less than 1.9$ per day until 1976 In 1991, 66.6% of Chinese people were below the threshold. Now, less than 11%
Wealth and poverty
Wealth and poverty
5. Economic structure
Economic structure The 2015 largest U.S. companies are WALMART EXXON MOBIL APPLE $482 billions $246 billions $234 billions
Economic structure What about 1991? GENERAL MOTORS FORD EXXON
Economic structure Share of industrial employment 30 25 OECD 20 USA 15 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 Source WDI
Economic structure OECD
6. Environment
Environment Worldwide emissions of CO 2 are about 35 billion tons How much in 1991? About 22 billion tons It increased by more than 50% in 20 years
Environment Source: WDI % of World emission 40 30 20 10 0 China European Union United States World 1970 14.8 Billon tons 5.2% for China 1991 22 Billon tons 11.5% for China 2011 34.6 Billon tons 26% for China 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 0 10000000 20000000 30000000 40000000 World emissions (kt)
Environment World surface temperature relative to 1951-1980 average 0.9 0.675 0.45 0.225 0-0.225-0.45 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 source: NASA
Concluding remarks
Concluding remarks World is changing quite fast Just over about third of a (my) human life we had drastic changes in : The political partition of the world Population Way of life Climate, etc This course aims at determining how important are these changes and discuss the challenges the world faces today