City of Greater Dandenong Bicycle Strategy October 2002 Prepared by PTY LTD ACN 006 881 867
1 Contents 1 Contents...2 2 Foreword...3 3 Executive Summary...4 4 Introduction...7 5 Strategic Framework...9 6 Consultation...15 7 Research...17 8 Performance Standards...20 9 Encouragement Actions...23 10 Network Development...32 11 Overall Bicycle Works Program...40 12 Five Year Bicycle Works Program...41 13 Acknowledgments...46 14 References...47 15 Appendices...48 Urban and Environmental Planning 2
2 Foreword Cycling is a sustainable form of transport that can be enjoyed by everyone, no matter what their age or level of fitness. Cycling is an excellent way for residents to keep healthy and provides for astonishing social, financial and environmental benefits. A safe and convenient bicycle network is essential for people to cycle more often. A significant number of our residents already cycle for fitness and as an economical method of transport to work, school and for shopping. The new bike paths in this strategy will make it even easier to get around by bike in Greater Dandenong. Greater Dandenong is fortunate to have some of the best off road networks in Victoria. The Bay to Ranges Trail for instance, allows cyclists to ride more than 40 kilometres from Carrum Beach to Jells Park without crossing a road. These existing trails will be upgraded and better links to other municipalities created. This Strategy has been developed in partnership with local residents and aims to instill a bicycle friendly culture within the City. Over the next five years, Greater Dandenong is committed to further develop our current on road network in order to make cycling an everyday activity. I am delighted to present this important strategy that provides the framework to encourage and promote cycling into the 21st century. Paul Donovan Mayor City of Greater Dandenong Urban and Environmental Planning 3
3 Executive Summary The City of Greater Dandenong is the most culturally diverse community in Victoria and is recognised as Melbourne s Second City. With a large population of 132,000 people, a central business district and an industrial area which serves the region. The City has a focus on providing a safe system for providing residents sustainable transport options. The City has commissioned a review of the existing 1996 Bicycle Strategy to develop a range of cycling opportunities for residents. The study process involved consultation with Council Officers and Agencies including residents, Vic-Roads, Melbourne Water, adjoining Councils, Sport and Recreation Victoria, Victoria Police, Parks Victoria, and Bicycle Victoria. Consultation Findings A Survey of Cyclists in the City had an excellent response with results showing better facilities are needed to increase the level of cycling. Research work included a review of previous bicycle and transport strategies; saddle survey and inspection of facilities. A number of issues were identified including lack of continuity, lack of on road and off road networks, the potential for trails in proposed freeway works and the opportunity for a connection along the railway line. Encouragement Actions are identified that will help promote cycling and develop facilities. These other actions include: Council planning. Co ordination of bicycle initiatives. Council briefs and standards. Encouragement and education including TravelSmart. Bike and Ride Stations Bicycle safe Suburbs End of Journey Facilities Signage system Maps Events promotion Promotion of cycling Maintenance of the network Monitoring and review The major focus on developing the network was considered in the following areas: Principal Bicycle Network Local On Road routes The Stations Trails and Routes Freeway Trails Local Trail Links Foot Path Network Dandenong CBD Cycling Intersection treatments Urban and Environmental Planning 4
The bicycle network in the City includes 55 km of trails, 93 km of Principal Bicycle Routes and 45 km of local routes which has been recommended for continued development, maintenance and promotion. A Works Program including $13 million of works will be required to implement this network, of which $2.3 million is be considered for funding by City of Greater Dandenong over the next five years and the rest from other agencies. Council s financial commitment to these proposed works is consistent with previous City Improvement Program investment, with the majority of projects to be undertaken by other agencies. Recommended Strategic Actions Council Planning Adopt a policy of considering cycling issues in Council strategies and plans. Adopt the Bicycle Strategy as a reference document in future planning processes. Intra Council Co-ordination Establish an internal bi-annual cycling liaison forum. Undertake a training program for Council Staff in bicycle awareness. Policies, Briefs and Standards for Bicycles Develop a range of bicycle friendly policies, briefs and standards. Education Work with schools to develop Bike Ed programs and provide appropriate support. Encourage the understanding of appropriate cycling behavior on roads, trails and footpaths through education programs. Bike and Ride Stations Encourage bus and train companies to provide bicycle facilities. Develop Bike and Ride Stations by incremental provision of parking rails, lockers and other facilities according to demand. Include Bike and Ride Stations in all new bus route development planning. Bicycle Safe Suburbs Recognise the needs of cyclists as part of Local Area Traffic Management actions. Install signs at entrances to nominated local areas advising that people are entering a pedestrian and cycle precinct. End of Journey Facilities Survey all major destinations and determine locations and numbers of required bicycle parking rails. Survey major Council facilities to determine ability to provide showers and drinking taps. Determine locations for taps and seats along trails where appropriate. Assist schools with advice and other support in providing secure bicycle storage. Provide leaning rails at all intersections of trails with roads. Signage System Adopt a system of signs for use on roads and trails throughout the City of Greater Dandenong. Activities and Information Produce maps and brochures showing existing and proposed routes and trails throughout the City of Greater Dandenong. Undertake community activities revolving around bicycle use including major bike events, festivals, bike marking and other activities. Improve bicycle information on the Council website Urban and Environmental Planning 5
Maintenance Standards Identify required bicycle facilities maintenance works on works programs Develop standards for inclusion in maintenance service agreements with more detailed information on bicycle facilities. Monitoring and Review Develop a formal monitoring process to ensure bicycle actions are implemented Establish liaison on a regular basis with Dandenong Bicycle User Group, SERBC and Bicycle Victoria. Principal Bicycle Network Encourage VicRoads to develop the PBN within City of Greater Dandenong in a staged manner consistent with development of other works Develop Bicycle facilities on Corrigan Road with support from VicRoads Local On Road Routes Adopt the Local On Road Bicycle Network. Adopt the five year works program to develop the local bicycle routes and include in CIP. Develop Local routes over the next five years. The Stations Trails and Routes Adopt the Stations Trail and Route link as a priority project Advocate to Parks Victoria to bring forward the priority for this trail from ten years to five years. Develop a concept and plans for a community linking project which includes involvement as well as works on the ground. Provide matching funds to support applications to Parks Victoria. Freeway Trails Adopt the Scoresby and Dingley By Pass freeway trails as significant links in the City of Greater Dandenong trail network. Investigate and advocate for the best bicycle trail options with VicRoads, DOI and Bicycle Victoria Local Trail Links Develop local trails as connections to the major trail network. Include local trails in all future land development proposals. Foot path Network Convene a community committee to investigate extent of implementation of footpath cycling. Adopt a foot path network around the City suitable for cycling. Develop and extend footpaths previously identified. Develop program and process for designating shared footways Commence discussions with Springvale Crematorium for use of roads for recreation and sport cycling Dandenong CBD Cycling Undertake a detail study of cycling needs within the business Centre in conjunction with other planning studies. Provide bicycle parking in current development proposals as per AustRoads Pt 14 Intersection Treatments Develop a range of intersection treatments for cyclists including continuity lines, storage areas and roundabout treatments. Urban and Environmental Planning 6
4 Introduction The City of Greater Dandenong is committed to the provision of quality leisure and recreation opportunities. As part of this commitment the City is preparing a number of strategies to set the directions for leisure and recreation. This Bicycle Strategy aims to review the existing Bicycle Strategy to ensure it sets the policy and infrastructure direction for Council to continue to provide quality cycling and integrated transport options that meet community needs. The Project Objectives are to: review and analyse the existing Bicycle Strategy and data related to cycling in the City. analyse existing and future cycling needs and aspirations of the community. provide strategic directions for cycling that are inline with corporate goals. develop recommendations for the promotion, education and marketing of cycling opportunities within the City. The development of a comprehensive Bicycle Strategy will have outcomes that identify needs, opportunities and gaps in the current cycling network and increase linkages with existing paths and road networks. A program of costed works will recommend priorities for the next five years for inclusion into the City Improvement Program. 4.1 Demographics of Greater Dandenong Greater Dandenong lies at the centre of the southeastern metropolitan region that has become the fastest growing area in Melbourne. The City of Greater Dandenong is the most culturally diverse locality in Victoria. More than a half (52%) of the City s 132,000 residents were born overseas, compared with approximately one-quarter of the population of Melbourne (23%) and less than one-fifth of Victorians (18%). From 2002, the population of Greater Dandenong is expected to remain reasonably stable. While the number of younger people is set to decline, the population of older residents will increase. Urban and Environmental Planning 7
4.2 Review of 1996 Bicycle Strategy The 1996 Bicycle Strategy was prepared as a guide for the development of bike paths within the City of Greater Dandenong. The 1996 strategy was developed using information from the former Cities of Springvale and Dandenong Bicycle Strategies. The strategy highlighted: Main regional paths, shown in the Principal Bicycle Network Local paths that connect neighborhoods to regional paths. Local paths that will provide access to schools, shopping centres and recreational reserves. The strategy identified 13 major regional routes and local paths. Many of the trail works identified have been either completed or are included in the new works program. Some of the trails have been superseded by proposed freeway actions. No significant on road routes from the strategy have been developed. Urban and Environmental Planning 8
5 Strategic Framework 5.1 Why People Cycle Cycling can provide direct personal benefits for individuals and significant community and economic benefits. The City of Greater Dandenong can improve the recreation and travel experience of residents and visitors by improving cycling opportunities and safety. Cycling is: sustainable an accessible form of transport healthy non-polluting inexpensive Most people can use a bicycle for at least a proportion of their travel needs and gain substantial personal benefits in health and cost savings. Cycling provides social interaction and contributes to environmental improvement. Cycling has often been seen only as a problem of road safety and not recognised as a means of achieving health and recreational benefits for residents. Health benefits Cycling is good for health. The Australian population is more sedentary and health authorities now have to deal with illness arising from reduced physical activity. An inactive lifestyle can lead to coronary heart disease, stroke, obesity, and diabetes. Regular exercise such as cycling reduces: cholesterol level risk of high blood pressure. risk of heart disease risk of injury compared to many other recreation activities The effectiveness of the Municipal Health Strategy would be enhanced with a greater focus on cycling in the City of Greater Dandenong. The economics of cycling Cycling is a cheap form of transport, costing about 1c/km compared to over 50c for a car. For every 1000 people who ride 5km to work for 40 weeks a year, the saving in motoring costs is about $1M per year. Low income families would benefit most from reduced travel expenses. The community push for bicycle facilities will continue to grow, as health, lifestyle, and environmental issues become a more important part of the national agenda. Urban and Environmental Planning 9
Environmental benefits Reduced car use, as cycling increases, will provide a benefit to the environment. A shift to cycling in combination with dual mode public transport (bicycle, train and bus) will reduce Victoria s contribution to the Greenhouse effect. Cycle Bridge on Dandenong Creek, Dandenong Urban and Environmental Planning 10
5.2 Relevant Strategies Cycling in the City of Greater Dandenong fits into a national, state, and regional context. Key documents are: Australia Cycling 1999 2004 The National Strategy Promotes increased participation in cycling as it will contribute to transport, urban development, economic, environment, health and equity goals leading to an improved quality of life for Australians. This strategy has objectives that embrace co ordination, integration, facilities, safety, information and education. Victoria for Bikes 1994, Victorian Bicycle Strategy This strategy has eleven major topics focusing on different aspects of cycling and the development of networks such as the Principal Bicycle Network. Parks Victoria Metropolitan Open Space Strategy, Linking People and Spaces - Draft This strategy has actions identified for development and part funding within City of Greater Dandenong. This strategy is still out in Draft Form for public comment. The actions identified for development of the Metropolitan Trail Network within City of Greater Dandenong are: Dandenong Creek, which is virtually complete, Dandenong Rail Trail, running along the railway line, which has a priority of five to ten years. City of Monash has completed the sections within its area already. Mordialloc Creek Trail, which is a priority of four to nine years, Eumemmering Creek has a priority of four to nine years. The Hallam main drain, which connects to Eumemmering Creek, has a priority of four to nine years. There is a Monash by-pass trail, which is proposed along the Hallam by-pass freeway, currently being constructed, and Trail or on-road path along the Princes Highway, on nature strips connecting the Dandenong Creek and the Eumemmering Creek. This has a four to nine year priority. It Can Be Done A bicycle network on arterial roads, completing Melbourne s principal bicycle network. Bicycle Victoria, 1996) This strategy sets out initiatives to develop bicycle facilities on roads. VicRoads Cycle Notes No 9 Creating On road Space for Cyclists. The concepts of It Can Be Done have been further developed in this report. The Notes are generally more applicable to main roads than local roads but do identify ways of creating space for cyclists. Urban and Environmental Planning 11
Four Networks Challenge, Bicycle Victoria, 2002 This strategy sets out the four types of routes and trails needed to provide the basic infrastructure to encourage more people to ride. The four networks are: Cycling on main roads identified on the Principal Bicycle Network ( PBN) Cycling on local roads that cover the residential areas. Cycling on Shared Paths identified on the Metropolitan Trail Network. Cycling On Rail Trails. The strategy has identified the key role for Councils as having primary responsibility for local roads as well as local and regional trails. Councils have a role in the main road system through applying to VicRoads for design, funding and implementation. Principal Bicycle Network (PBN) The VicRoads strategy for bicycles is to develop the Principal Bicycle Network. VicRoads provides funding for bicycle facilities if the routes are identified on the PBN. The Principal Bicycle Network provides interconnected through routes having a high level of service across metropolitan Melbourne. It comprises approximately 2000 km of on road facilities mainly on roads and more than 1000 km of off road paths along major creeks and waterways within freeway reservations. VicRoads is responsible for the development and co ordination of the PBN. VicRoads undertakes development of bicycle facilities on roads it is responsible for and in the case of the City of Greater Dandenong all declared main roads have been returned to the responsibility of VicRoads. The major on road routes identified in the PBN by VicRoads are: Princes Highway Police Road Heatherton Road. Cheltenham Road. Greens Road. Thompsons Road Springvale Road. Corrigan road. Frankston Dandenong Road. Dandenong Hastings Road. Stud Road. South Gippsland Highway Chandler Road (shown on the latest released versions) The major off road trails identified in the PBN are: Dandenong Creek Mordialloc Creek. Eumemmering Creek. Scoresby Freeway Railway trail Two sections of Princes Highway. VicRoads Metro East region has also identified a priority funding strategy for the investigation of routes on the PBN. Urban and Environmental Planning 12
The key elements of this strategy is the identification of a very broad network as a sub system of the PBN for South East Melbourne and within City of Greater Dandenong the network includes Springvale Road, Cheltenham Road, Stud Road and Princes Highway. VicRoads has then identified sections within this network that can realistically be developed through a formula based on the number of users, links provided and costs. An extensive table of projects for investigation has been developed which is reviewed every three years. Within City of Greater Dandenong the top five most likely sections are Stud Road, Cheltenham Road and three sections of Princes Highway. City of Greater Dandenong Transport Strategy, Sinclair Knight Merz September 1999. The Strategy aimed to develop safe and effective transport links based on road, rail and path networks and increase local trips made on foot or bicycle. A major focus was the lack of provision for pedestrian and cyclist facilities parallel to arterial roads. The report recommended that all paths along arterial roads should be 2.4 m wide and every arterial road should have a wide kerb side lane City of Greater Dandenong Public Transport Deficiencies, Civil and Transport Planning March 2001. The report considered public transport issues associated with bus, train and taxi services. In particular the report identified the need for Bike and Ride facilities where cyclists park their bikes at railway stations. Urban and Environmental Planning 13
5.3 Funding Sources There are three main external sources of major funding for bicycle facilities and several other minor funding sources. The City of Greater Dandenong will need to consider providing a significant portion of funds for the development of bicycle facilities through the City Improvement Program. City Improvement Program (CIP) This program provides funding for all capital improvement works within the City of Greater Dandenong (C.I.P). The current five year program includes funding for bicycle facilities. This includes works costing $800,000 which could be undertaken by Vic-Roads as part of Freeway Trail and Principal Bicycle Network works and approximately $500,000 which are part of Parks Victoria strategic trails and could attract part funding from the Parks Victoria funding program and could potentially save Council funds. The C.I.P. includes funds for footpath works that could assist in developing the footpath network and road works and resealing which could include bicycle line marking. Parks Victoria Parks Victoria administers grants for open space and trail development. Several trails within the City are eligible for funding as they are specifically mentioned in the Parks Victoria Strategy. (Refer to appendix 4) VicRoads VicRoads will consider funding bicycle facilities in the metropolitan area on the Principal Bicycle Network. There is a regional bidding system but there are substantial funds available. (Refer to appendix 4) Sport and Recreation Victoria Sport and Recreation Victoria administers the Community Support Fund which includes the Minor / Major Facility Funding Program. There are likely to be components of trail development that match the funding criteria. Sport and Recreation has recently provided funding of $50,000 for development of trails at the Dandenong Floodplains. 5.3.1 Sponsorship There are opportunities to achieve sponsorship for bicycle facilities generally in the form of maps and signs. A likely project will be the sponsorship from shops, and cafes for signs showing where these businesses are in relation to the trails and bicycle routes. The level of funding provided for these activities in the past has been limited to a few thousand dollars at the most but at a local level this may be sufficient. Urban and Environmental Planning 14
6 Consultation Consultation was undertaken to identify agency and community perceptions of cycling in the City. These issues were analysed and where possible were incorporated into the development of the strategy. The consultation process included a series of meetings with relevant Council Officers, key agencies, bicycle groups and cyclists. A survey of cyclists in the City was undertaken and a launch on the outcomes of the study will also be undertaken. 6.3 Bicycle User Survey A survey on bicycle use and issues associated with cycling in Dandenong was sent to all 154 members of Bicycle Victoria living in the City of Greater Dandenong. This process was used to target existing cyclists within City of Greater Dandenong to determine issues of specific concern to cyclists. Over 100 responses were received and 76 were suitable for analysis ( Those unsuitable did not contain sufficient data for analysis). This is a substantial response indicating considerable interest from the cycling community. Characteristics of cycling The survey showed that the main purpose of cycling was for active sports and exercise at 54%, while 28% were commuting to work and school and 21% for recreation. The main reason for riding a bicycle was for health, exercise and relaxation at 91% with 9% riding because it is friendly to the environment. This is a consistent result throughout Victoria and adds value to the Health Strategy for the City. The cyclists undertake 59% of riding on roads. It was found that cyclists rode a mean of 3.8 times a week. Consequently, 4.6 times a week in summer and 3.5 times a week in winter. Each week cyclists rode a mean of 127 km in summer (over 6.8 hours) and 93 km (over 5.2 hours) in winter. Barriers to cycling Cyclists were asked to nominate things that inhibit cycling in the City. The lack of facilities was the most significant issue that Council can influence, with: 38% stating lack of paths and routes as the main barrier. 20% stating heavy traffic. 7% with poor road condition and lack of road safety respectively. 22% were prevented by bad weather 20% stopped because of long work hours The total exceeds 100% as respondents often listed several items. Urban and Environmental Planning 15
Initiatives to increase cycling Cyclists were asked to nominate what initiatives would encourage them to ride more often. Nearly half at 47% said more bike paths on roads and near railway lines, 13% said linked bike paths were needed, 7% said better paths and fixing of the roads, 7% said safer bike paths on roads and off roads. Specifically 7% nominated Stud Road and Heatherton Road for improvements and 5% said better bike path maintenance was required. Attitudes to cycling facilities Cyclists were asked to respond to a series of statements to gauge their attitude to various issues in the City: 39% disagreed that cycling in the region is a safe activity. 47% felt there were not sufficient off road bicycle paths. 82% felt that there were not sufficient on road routes. 37% felt paths and lanes are not well maintained. 51% felt most roads in the region are not suitable for cyclists 58% felt most trails and roads do not link up to form an integrated network. 99% felt developing more paths and lanes would be a good utilisation of public money. 51% felt there were not enough facilities such as bike parking. 72% said they do not use a bicycle more because paths and lanes are inadequate. The results of the survey of cyclists very clearly states that bicycle facilities are inadequate and more bicycle facilities are needed to encourage cycling in the City. When this data is compared with other data from Australian Bureau of Statistics 1996 and the Draft Greater Dandenong Leisure Strategy 2002. This data indicates a lower level of bicycle use in the City compared to metropolitan averages. The lack of facilities could be identified as a significant cause. 6.4 Key Cycling Issues. The consultation process involved discussion with an extensive range of stakeholders within the Council and key agencies including Sport and Recreation, VicRoads, Parks Victoria and Melbourne Water, sports cycling groups, Bicycle Victoria and the Greater Dandenong Bicycle Users Group. The major issues identified were: Previous bicycle development focused on off Road trails There are minimal on road bicycle facilities Major on road bicycle routes are controlled by VicRoads No funding has been obtained from Parks Vic for trails recently. No major central city route. Opportunities to provide facilities at the planning stage. Opportunity for dual mode travel with trains and buses. Proposals for a trail along the Scoresby Freeway are sub standard. Dingley By-Pass Trail will provide a significant East-West link. Bicycle projects are already well listed in the CIP. Existing facilities should be improved rather than build new ones. There is a good footpath cycling network identified in prior reports. There is no formal bicycle co ordination within Council and Region. There are no organised cycling events in City. Urban and Environmental Planning 16
No encouragement undertaken for people to ride their bikes. Opportunities to link Travel Smart project to encourage cycling. 7 Research 7.1 Bicycle Safety A review of the Vic-Roads Crash Stats Data has identified the following information over the past ten years: 352 bicycle crashes. 3 fatalities, 98 serious injuries. 251 minor injuries. The three fatalities occurred in the south of the City on major roads, generally in the industrial areas. The fatalities occurred at: Cheltenham and Hammond Road. Another five crashes including two serious injuries have also occurred in this area up to the year 2000. Dandenong Valley Highway (Dandenong Frankston Road) near Thompson Road in 1999. Springvale Road between Lower Dandenong Road and Puskas Road prior to 1996. The trend in crashes has been decreasing over recent years as shown in the attached table. Year Number of Crashes 1996 35 1997 43 1998 24 1999 43 2000 24 2001 24 2002 3 up to June The majority of crashes occurred in daylight, in dry weather and involved another vehicle such as a car or truck. All the fatalities involved a car or truck. These crashes reinforce the need for better on road bicycle facilities. This issue will be addressed as part of the strategy. Urban and Environmental Planning 17
7.2 Bicycle Use From the research and consultation it was identified that providing improved and integrated bicycle facilities in the City will encourage greater numbers cycling. Given the comparatively low income levels in the City, cycling provides a low cost alternative means of transport. In 1998 the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Population Survey Monitor indicated that in the City of Greater Dandenong 4.4% of the population were involved in cycling for recreation. (4200 people) and 4.6% were involved in walking (also 4200 people). These were the fifth and sixth most popular activities in the City after swimming, aerobics, tennis and golf. In the 18-29 age groups, 6.6 % participated in cycling which was the fourth most popular activity. In the 45 year plus age group walking at 4.7% was the fourth most popular activity and cycling at 1.8% was the eighth most popular. The City of Greater Dandenong report Statistical Snapshots May 2002 is based primarily on Bureau of Statistics figures and has highlighted a unique feature of car ownership in the City. The report identified that families potentially may have inadequate access to private transport and becomes more reliant on public and other forms of transport where one parent families with have no car and two parent families have only one car. In the City of Greater Dandenong 34% of two parent families have only one car and 17% of one parent families have no car. The Snapshot figures show this is most significant with non English speaking families. This is an area where the provision of bicycle facilities could improve the transport options of families. Other figures from the 1996 census indicate that 0.7 % of the population rode to work compared to 0.9 % for the Metropolitan average. These figures confirm that there is a low bicycle use within the City of Greater Dandenong but there is significant higher potential demand because of the low car ownership issue. The provision of bicycle facilities or education programs such as TravelSmart may address this issue. Urban and Environmental Planning 18
7.3 Facilities Survey A physical survey of road lane condition and widths was undertaken. These were used to determine the suitability of roads for the installation of various bicycle facilities. There are a number of existing bicycle facilities within the City of Greater Dandenong including the Dandenong Creek Trail that forms part of the Bay to Ranges trail system. The only identified on road routes are on Westall Road and Springvale Road, a few wide kerb side lanes on roads that can be used by cyclists but have no identification and a poorly signed route on Outlook Drive. The survey found only a few local roads that could physically contain a desirable on road bicycle route. Lesser facilities such as edge treatment with symbols would have to be used unless more expensive road re-building were to occur. Urban and Environmental Planning 19
8 Performance Standards The following standards are to be used (where practical) to create the bicycle routes and trails identified in the plans and works program. The standards are based on Austroads Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice Part 14 Bicycles, 1999 and the relevant section of this guide is identified in this standard. Only the most likely standards have been identified in this report and Austroads Part 14 should be referred to in all other situations. These standards apply to roads with greater than 3000 Vehicles Per Day. Bicycle Lanes Exclusive Bicycle Lanes (EBL) The preferred treatment for cyclists ( Refer Sect 4.4.1 and figure 4.3 for layout) Motor travel and parking is not permitted. A width in range of 1.2 m to 2,5 m with the desirable width of 1.5 m. Cost $16,250 per kilometre Bicycle and Parking Lane (BPL) Provides improved condition for cyclists and includes allowance for door opening. (Refer sect.4.4.2 and figure 4.7.) For use on low speed roads with a range of lane widths from absolute minimum of 3.7 m to 4.5 m with 4.0 m being desirable Cost $8,550 per kilometre Advisory Edge Treatments Edge Treatment Line (ETL) Consists of lines and symbols marked on roadway. Used where space cannot be obtained by other means and advises road users that cyclists use the road. Refer Sect 4.46 and figure 4.15) Requires a minimum of 3.0 m to allow for 1.2 m space for cyclist and parking. Cost $8,550 per kilometre Edge Treatment Symbol (ETS) Consists of symbol on road near kerb with accompanying sign. (Refer to 4.4.6.2 and figure 4.16). can be used in conjunction with Wide Kerb side Lanes (WKSL) Used where a minimum of 3.7 m of road space is available for traffic and bicycles. Cost $850 per kilometre Urban and Environmental Planning 20
Trail Designs The design of trails should be based on accessibility for all standards where these vary from bicycle standards. Refer to Sport and Recreation Access for All guidelines section 801 and the new Australian Standard AS 1428 Part 7 Access to Outdoor Areas currently being developed. Trail Major (TM) For trails which are regionally significant and cater for commuter and recreation cyclists Minimum width of 3.0 with reinforced concrete surface Cost $195,000 per kilometre Local Trail (LT) Caters for local recreation, commuter and access trails. Minimum width of 2.5 m with reinforced concrete surface. Can use Toppings trail where appropriate. Cost $162,500 per kilometre Signage Road Signage Signs on roads should conform to Austroads part 14 and the Australian Standard AS 1742.9. In general a bicycle symbol on roads accompanied by a sign on post should be located at every intersection or at minimum of 200 m intervals. A full range of acceptable signs is contained in the standards and most suppliers conform to these standards Trail Signage Signs on trails should conform to the Metropolitan Trails Network Signage guidelines that are also identified in the Council standards and with Austroads Part 14 particularly where they relate to road crossings. 20 55 70 65 75 90 45 o CHAMFER NAME OF TRAIL Yarra Bend Park 1.8km Fairfield Park 1.5km ARROW ZONE ARROW ZONE 50 190 50 190 480 VicRoads has produced Cycle Notes No 10 in July 2001 which provide guidance on Shared Path Behavioral Signs 125 30 90 30 WORDING ZONE - LENGTH VARIES FOOTINGS ALLOW 500mm. DEPTH BOARD 1 NAME OF TRAIL 70mm. CAPITALS BOARD 2 & 3 GUIDE SIGN 50mm. CAPITALS 30 90 30 125 Urban and Environmental Planning 21
Intersection Treatments Cyclist Storage Areas Space marked on the roadway is to be provided for cyclists at all major intersections on the Principal Bicycle Network. ( PBN) Refer to Fig 5.14 for minimum. There is a large range of options in providing for cyclists at major intersections shown in sect. 5 of Austroads Part 14. Continuity Lines Where exclusive, bike parking or edge treatment lines have been provided; these are to continue through intersections as per AustRoads Fig 5.3. Bicycle Facilities Bicycle Parking Parking Rails are to be provided at all major destinations for cyclists according to provisions identified in Austroads Part 14 Section 10 and Table 10.1 Parking Rails are to be designed according to Australian Standard AS 2890.3 Lockers and other means of securing bicycles are to be provided where demand occurs such as at railway and bus stations. Planning for Bicycles Land development proposals should include the following criteria: Provide for trails connecting to local destinations and the major bicycle routes and trails. Provide for on road routes on the major roads in the development connected to the PBN and Council system In building development provide for bicycle parking and facilities according to Table 10.1 of Austroads Part 14 Bicycles Urban and Environmental Planning 22
9 Encouragement Actions The focus on this strategy has been to develop a works program that can be incorporated into the Council s City Improvement Program. However there are other actions that can be undertaken or encouraged by Council that will provide improved cycling facilities. 9.1 Council Planning Corporate Strategies should refer to bicycle issues and should be continuously reviewed to ensure bicycle facilities are incorporated. In particular, cycling issues and works can be identified within the Structure Plans being developed for new land development. Action: adopt a policy of considering cycling issues in Council strategies and plans. adopt the Bicycle Strategy as a reference document in future planning processes. 9.2 Intra Council Co-ordination There are many different activities within Council that may have an impact on cycling. Regular co-ordination and liaison between officers and Councilors regarding cycling issues will provide benefits for cycling in the City of Greater Dandenong. This area could prove to be the most cost effective in providing bicycle facilities. A regular program of information and education for all Council officers on bicycle requirements will lead to the inclusion of bicycle facilities in normal infrastructure development. Considerable development of the bicycle facilities could be achieved through appropriate maintenance practices on roads and in parks. It is also essential that specifications are developed for bicycle facilities and that contractors are required to consider bicycle facilities and improvements in their maintenance work. Officers to be particularly targeted for bicycle awareness training will be those within the planning and design areas as the bicycle facilities can often be included in a plan or design at minimal extra cost. Construction and maintenance officers will provide a better bicycle facility if they are aware of the needs of cyclists. In particular a bicycle friendly maintenance program can provide many cycling improvements at minimal cost. Action: Establish an internal bi-annual cycling liaison forum. Undertake a training program for Council Staff in bicycle awareness. Urban and Environmental Planning 23
9.3 Policies, Briefs and Standards for Bicycles To be most effective in providing bicycle facilities, Council officers will need the support of Council policies, guidelines and criteria that recognise cycling. This will also include design and construction briefs that allow for bicycle facilities and standards of construction, maintenance and services that focus on bicycle facilities. The essential policies, which will need to be developed and implemented, are in the areas of: Land development Road Development Building Development Road Facilities Designs The City of Greater Dandenong needs to develop bicycle friendly and disabled accessible engineering designs for general construction activities. Many of the existing designs are already bicycle friendly but have not been identified for this purpose. Such designs include: Vehicle Crossings Kerbs Side Entry Pits Grates Bollards Bicycle Parking Rails Signs Roundabouts Speed Humps Traffic Islands Action: Develop a range of bicycle friendly policies, briefs and standards. Urban and Environmental Planning 24
9.4 Education Some infrastructure for cycling already exists within the City and a number of people are already riding. Education on safer riding techniques and information on safer places to ride could increase the numbers of people cycling and reduce the number of bicycle crashes. This is particularly important for younger children. There are existing cycling education programs in Bike ED and Cycle On available through the schools curriculum and the City can encourage schools to participate. There are issues, which will arise with the recently enacted footpath cycling, and there is also a need for the development of a cycling etiquette on trails and footpaths. Action: Work with schools to develop Bike Ed programs and provide appropriate support. Encourage the understanding of appropriate cycling behavior on roads, trails and footpaths through education programs. 9.5 TravelSmart TravelSmart is a community based program that encourages residents to use alternative means of transport other than cars. Cycling has the ability to play a major role in this program by encouraging people to cycle as part of their transport arrangements. 9.6 Bike and Ride Stations There is the opportunity with the Train and Bus networks in the City to develop Bike and Ride on the trains or buses. These already exist to a certain extent at the railway stations where bicycle parking has been provided and a number of secure bicycle lockers have been located at Noble Park Station. Secure bicycle parking facilities would enable people to ride to the long distance Train or Bus Stations and securely park their bikes. This could be particularly important for school children. The types of facilities that will be required include secure parking and lockers, lighting, refreshment facilities such as drink stations and washing facilities. Action: Encourage bus and train companies to provide bicycle facilities. Develop Bike and Ride Stations by incremental provision of parking rails, lockers and other facilities according to demand. Include Bike and Ride Stations in all new bus route development planning. Urban and Environmental Planning 25
9.7 Bicycle Safe Suburbs The ultimate aim of National, State and this strategy is to make all major roads and trails in the City safer and suitable for cyclists. The areas within and bordered by the arterial routes also need to be made safe and suitable for cyclists. Designers will need to ensure traffic management is undertaken in new and existing areas to promote safer cycling. Action: Recognise the needs of cyclists as part of Local Area Traffic Management actions. Install signs at entrances to nominated local areas advising that people are entering a pedestrian and cycle precinct. Urban and Environmental Planning 26
9.8 End of Journey Facilities As well as development of bicycle routes and trails there is a need for appropriate end of journey facilities. These will predominantly consist of appropriate bicycle parking rails consistent with Australian Standard AS 2890.3 1993 Parking Facilities Part 3 Bicycle Parking Facilities. The areas where these facilities are most required are at major destinations such as town centres and community facilities. These are areas where the City of Greater Dandenong has influence and could provide the appropriate parking rails. Other facilities that are required are showers, lockers and refreshments at workplaces, recreation venues and major destinations. Toilets are an essential requirement for all cyclists and these should be located at regular intervals on popular routes. It has already been identified that all these facilities should be provided as part of new developments through the planning and design process. However, a certain amount of retro fitting of these facilities will be required. Action: Survey all major destinations and determine locations and numbers of required bicycle parking rails. Survey major Council facilities to determine ability to provide showers and drinking taps. Determine locations for taps and seats along trails where appropriate. Assist schools with advice and other support in providing secure bicycle storage. Provide leaning rails at all intersections of trails with roads. Urban and Environmental Planning 27
9.9 Signage System A system of signs for the City of Greater Dandenong needs to be adopted and used for both the on-road and off-road bicycle network. The system needs to be low cost and include signs that provide direction, distance, maps, warning, and interpretation of features, regulatory information and line marking. These signs are already identified in Standards such as Austroads Part 14 and Australian Standard 1742.9 Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices Part 9 Bicycle facilities. The Metropolitan trails Network Signage Guidelines provide a useful guide to the types of signs that could be adopted. The signs will need to conform to City of Greater Dandenong corporate signage guidelines and should utilise recycled materials as much as possible to be consistent with the intent of the City of Greater Dandenong Environmental Management Strategy. Action: Adopt a system of signs for use on roads and trails throughout the City of Greater Dandenong. Urban and Environmental Planning 28
9.10 Activities and Information As well as developing a bicycle network, action is required to encourage people to use the network and increase the numbers cycling. 9.10.1 Maps Maps can be produced as commercial ventures or as part of other activities in the area. Maps are relatively easy and inexpensive to produce and awareness of existing networks can increase the patronage and reduce the call for new works. 9.10.2 Events Promotion There is potential for a number of events in the City that involve cycling. These events could include sports activities and community recreation events such as family bike rides and festivals. The Great Victorian Bike Ride and the Sun Tour are two major events that could be encouraged to Dandenong. 9.10.3 Promotion of Cycling The Cities trails, routes, facilities and general community education programs will need to be promoted to enhance the use and appreciation of these achievements. Action: Produce maps and brochures showing existing and proposed routes and trails throughout the City of Greater Dandenong. Undertake community activities revolving around bicycle use including major bike events, festivals, bike marking and other activities. Improve bicycle information on the Council website 9.11 Maintenance Standards Trails and bicycle routes need to be specifically identified in maintenance programs. There have been numerous comments in surveys about lack of maintenance on paths and a preference for improvement of the system rather than all new works. The required maintenance works on off-road paths in Parks should include: definition of paths and trails maintenance of the trail surfaces edge spraying removal of overhanging trees removal of debris sweeping other maintenance as appropriate The required maintenance works on roads should include: definition of bicycle routes maintenance of the bicycle lanes Urban and Environmental Planning 29
line marking symbol signs and logos, regular sweeping keeping clear of debris at bridges, improvement of asphalt, where gravel roads enter keep gravel off the bike route general maintenance on the roads ensure repairs do not affect cyclists use of the bike lanes. ensure grated drainage pit bars are not parallel to a roadway. Maintenance Contractors need to consider bicycle facilities improvements in their maintenance work. Maintenance Officers should specifically be included in bicycle awareness training as facilities that they maintain can often be improved during normal works at minimal cost. Maintenance officers will provide a better facility if they are aware of the needs of walkers and cyclists. In particular a bicycle- friendly maintenance program can provide many cycling improvements at minimal cost. A typical maintenance cost has been determined for the proposed works program. The capital costing for the works is for a high standard of work. Linework has been costed at the rate for long life paint that could be expected to last ten years. Therefore a 10% maintenance rate has been adopted considering that over ten years the facility will have to be replaced. Concrete could easily be expected to last thirty years if built to a suitable standard and therefore a 3% maintenance cost has been applied. As well as eventual replacement there will be a cost associated with edge clearing, overhanging branches and sweeping. Action: Identify required bicycle facilities maintenance works within the works programs Develop standards for inclusion in maintenance service agreements with more detailed information on bicycle facilities. Urban and Environmental Planning 30
9.12 Monitoring and Review The implementation of the bicycle network will require constant monitoring to ensure it is properly and continuously developed. This is particularly needed as many elements have been identified as being components of other works such as open space development and road works rather than direct bicycle facility works. Some of the major facilities are to be developed by others such as VicRoads for the PBN and Freeway Trails. Therefore constant liaison, review and encouragement of these other agencies will be required to provide the best bicycle actions This will provide the strategic overview for the region. However monitoring within Council will still be required. As already recommended intra council liaison and a bicycle training program will need to be established within the City of Greater Dandenong, to ensure that the works of various departments contribute wherever possible to the development of the bicycle network. Liaison with the adjoining municipalities will be essential to maintain continuity of routes and trails. Bicycle users will have an essential role in monitoring the work from the users perspective and bringing this to the attention of the responsible agency. The South East Region Bicycle Committee (S.E.R.B.C) has been established for many years and City of Greater Dandenong has attended meetings in the past. It would be useful to maintain contact with this organisation particularly with regard to inter council and regional issues. Action: Develop a formal monitoring process to ensure bicycle actions are implemented Establish liaison on a regular basis with Dandenong Bicycle User Group, SERBC and Bicycle Victoria. Urban and Environmental Planning 31
10 Network Development The following actions are recommended to develop a viable bicycle network. 10.1 Principal Bicycle Network These are located on roads that are the responsibility of VicRoads except for Corrigan Road. VicRoads will require advice and encouragement from City of Greater Dandenong to prioritise these roads to develop the facilities. VicRoads can provide funding support for the works on Corrigan Road, as it is part of the PBN. The map below details the PBN in the Greater Dandenong region. Action: Encourage VicRoads to develop the PBN within City of Greater Dandenong in a staged manner consistent with development of other works Develop Bicycle facilities on Corrigan Road with support from VicRoads Urban and Environmental Planning 32
10.2 Local On Road Routes The PBN provides a grid around the City of approximately two kilometre spacing. However the PBN roads are very busy and crowded and development of bicycle facilities on these roads may take some time to achieve. There is also a local network that could be developed between and connected to the PBN that would be the responsibility of City of Greater Dandenong. This network is identified on the overall works program and in more detail on the five year works program. The proposed works are consistent with the current City Improvement Program funding and have incorporated components of the 1996 strategy. Action: Adopt the Local On Road Bicycle Network. Adopt the five year works program to develop the local bicycle routes and include in CIP. Develop Local routes over the next five years. Urban and Environmental Planning 33
10.3 The Stations Trails and Routes There is no identifiable major route running east west through the City and joining the population centres. There is an opportunity to create a community link as well as a commuter link. The railway line and the roads either side provide an opportunity to link the activities centres of Springvale, Noble Park and Dandenong. Local riders have already identified this route as a key link in their preferred riding routes. Parks Victoria has identified a trail along the railway as a regional priority and will provide funding. Action: Adopt the Stations Trail and Route link as a priority project. Advocate to Parks Victoria to bring forward the priority for this trail from ten years to five years. Develop a concept and plans for a community linking project which includes involvement as well as works on the ground. Provide matching funds to support applications to Parks Victoria. Urban and Environmental Planning 34
10.4 Freeway Trails There are two major freeway proposals currently being considered within City of Greater Dandenong. The Scoresby Freeway is planned to have a major off road trail constructed as part of the works. The trail will provide a major connection through the City of Dandenong and connecting to other municipalities, Link to other trails such as the Dandenong Creek and the Stations Trails to provide circuits for trail users and enhance a number of on road routes. The Freeway works will also reduce traffic on many local main roads and enable space to be provided for bicycle facilities to be developed. Preliminary plans show that improvements are required for the freeway trail proposals. The Proposed Dingley by Pass Freeway will also provide a significant east west link across the City. The By pass trail will provide circuits by connecting with the Dandenong Creek and the Scoresby Freeway trail. The Dingley By Pass will take a significant amount of traffic off Cheltenham and Heatherton roads and enable space to be created for the development of these important PBN routes. Action: Adopt the Scoresby and Dingley By Pass freeway trails as significant links in the City of Greater Dandenong trail network. Investigate and advocate for the best bicycle trail options with VicRoads, DOI and Bicycle Victoria. Urban and Environmental Planning 35
10.5 Local Trail Links There is a need for a number of local trails within open space areas and to provide connections to the major trails. These trails are constructed to a lower standard than the major trails as they do not carry as many people. However they serve a significant function in allowing people to access the major trails from near their homes. Action: Develop local trails as connections to the major trail network. Include local trails in all future land development proposals. Urban and Environmental Planning 36
10.6 Foot path Network Footpath cycling is included in the National Traffic Regulations which have made footpath cycling legal for children under the age of 12, except in specially defined areas near shopping centres and other facilities. There is a concern among some members of the community about footpath cycling. A process is needed to ensure that disabled and aged groups have some input into footpath cycling as they often have major concerns in some locations. The 1996 Bicycle Strategy developed a linked system of proposed foot paths to create a network around the City. The 1999 Transport Strategy recommended that paths be constructed along all arterial roads to provide safe walking and bicycle routes. These recommendations are endorsed and the system of paths is included in the works to be undertaken. The process for designating a footpath as a shared footway is vested with Council and a regular program of designating suitable paths should be developed. Discussions should also be undertaken with Springvale Crematorium for use of the roads as cycle routes and as a potential weekend sports cycling circuit. Action: Convene a community committee to investigate extent of implementation of footpath cycling. Adopt a foot path network around the City suitable for cycling. Develop and extend footpaths previously identified. Develop program and process for designating shared footways. Commence discussions with Springvale Crematorium for use of roads for recreation and sport cycling. Urban and Environmental Planning 37
10.7 Dandenong CBD Cycling The Central Business District at Dandenong is a major attraction and requires special consideration to the needs of cyclists in this area. Many trails and bicycle routes lead into the Dandenong Centre and a circulation system for cyclists should be developed when cyclists enter this area. Consideration at intersections and parking including spaces within multi deck car parks is also required. Action: Undertake a detail study of cycling needs within the business Centre in conjunction with other planning studies. Provide bicycle parking in current development proposals as per AustRoads Part 14 Urban and Environmental Planning 38
10.8 Intersection Treatments The network deals mostly with long sections of bicycle routes however half of all bicycle crashes occur at intersections. Therefore some consideration of the needs of cyclists should be undertaken at intersections. Any works undertaken should focus on areas where existing crashes have occurred and the effectiveness monitored after the works. Action: Develop a range of intersection treatments for cyclists including continuity lines, storage areas and roundabout treatments. Urban and Environmental Planning 39