ICZM in a climate change perspective Important issues for the Baltic Sea Lubiatowo, June 2008 RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING FOR ICZM IN POLAND Rafał Ostrowski, Marek Skaja & Marek Szmytkiewicz Institute of Hydro-Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IBW PAN) Kościerska 7, 80-328 Gdańsk, Poland (www.ibwpan.gda.pl)
Act of Parliament of Republic of Poland (28 March 2003) on establishment protection of sea coast against erosion implementation 2004-2023 of long-term Coastal Protection Programme stabilization of shoreline position according to configuration in year 2000 and prevention of beach loss monitoring of the coast and research activities aimed at determination of current condition of the coast in order to indicate necessary measures aimed at the rescue of sea coast responsibility for supervision (Ministry) and implementation (Maritime Offices) allocation of funds determination of protective methods (beach fills, modernization of shore protection structures, erection of new structures, cliff drainage) distribution of awarded funds along the coast Governmental Directive (29 April 2003) on determination of the width of the coastal technical/protective belt definition of the technical belt width for shore segments a) with dunes b) with cliffs c) without dunes or cliffs d) built up by coastal structures
RUSSIA B A L T I C S E A USTKA CRS LUBIATOWO LEBA WLADYSLAWOWO HEL Gulf of Gdansk GDANSK (IBW PAN) Pomeranian Bay KOLOBRZEG FINLAND SWINOUJSCIE NORWAY ESTONIA Location of the Polish coast in the south Baltic Sea DENMARK SWEDEN Pomeranian Gulf B A L T I C S E A LATVIA LITHUANIA RUSSIA BELARUS GERMANY P O L A N D
Maritime Office in Słupsk Maritime Office in Gdynia Maritime Office in Szczecin Erosive and flooding threats on Polish coast
Types and locations of shore protection structures
Eroded...... and protected cliff at Rozewie
Beach disappearance due to hard structures, Ustronie Morskie
+ 4.0 m 1 : 3 + 3.0 m 1 : 3 + 2.5 m recommended profile of beach and dune + 1.5 m existing profile at KM 344.5 (most threatened shore segment) 20 1 : 20 ± 0.0 10 4.5 50 Recommended profile of artificial dune and beach
Gabion revetment built into artificial dune
B A L T I C S E A USTKA CRS LUBIATOWO LEBA ŁEBA GDYNIA WLADYSLAWOWO & HEL PENINSULA HEL GDANSK GDAŃSK (IBW PAN) Gulf of Gdansk Gdańsk Pomeranian Bay KOLOBRZEG KOŁOBRZEG SWINOUJSCIE ŚWINOUJŚCIE SZCZECIN
Władysławowo harbour: accretion on west side (bottom), lee side protected by groins and beach fills (top left hand side)
Sand trap at Wladyslawowo harbour
Artificial beach nourishment at Hel Peninsula
Failure of breakwater armour made of tetrapods
Reconstruction of armour at Wladyslawowo harbour breakwater in September 2003
Bathymetry in front of Wladyslawowo harbour breakwater in 2003 representative bottom profile North breakwater 100 m points of bathymetric measurements
3.0 2.5 wave height [m] 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 for bathymetry of 10.12.1996 for bathymetry of 29.11.2003 0.0 4 breakwater 2 bottom profile on 10.12.1996 bottom profile on 29.11.2003 water depth [m] 0-2 -4-6 -8-10 rubble-mound crest 0 50 100 150 200 distance [m] Wave transformation on seabed profiles of December 1996 and November 2003 for normal water level
3.0 2.5 wave height [m] 2.0 1.5 1.0 for bathymetry of 10.12.1996 for bathymetry of 29.11.2003 0.5 0.0 water depth [m] 4 2 0-2 -4-6 -8-10 breakwater rubble-mound crest bottom profile on 10.12.1996 bottom profile on 29.11.2003 0 50 100 150 200 distance [m] Wave transformation on seabed profiles of December 1996 and November 2003 for storm surge +1.21 m
3.0 2.5 wave height [m] 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 for bathymetry of 10.12.1996 for bathymetry of 29.11.2003 0.0 water depth [m] 4 2 0-2 -4-6 -8-10 breakwater rubble-mound crest bottom profile on 10.12.1996 bottom profile on 29.11.2003 0 50 100 150 200 distance [m] Wave transformation on seabed profiles of December 1996 and November 2003 for storm surge +1.51 m
3.0 2.5 wave height [m] 2.0 1.5 1.0 for storm surge +1.21 m for storm surge +1.51 m for storm surge +1.81 m 0.5 0.0 4 breakwater 2 water depth [m] 0-2 -4-6 -8 rubble-mound crest bottom profile on 29.11.2003 Wave transformation on seabed profile of November 2003 for storm surges +1.21 m, 1.51 m and 1.81 m -10 0 50 100 150 200 distance [m]
Shore Protection Manual, Vol. II
Sea level H [m] Mass* [kg] Extreme 20-year storm surge (+1.21 m) 4.65 ~8000 Extreme 20-year storm surge + anticipated sea level rise by 0.3 m (+1.51 m) Extreme 20-year storm surge + anticipated sea level rise by 0.6 m (1.81 m) 4.76 ~8600 4.88 ~9250 * originally designed as 5000 kg
DEBKI (PIASNICA RIVER MOUTH) CRS LUBIATOWO WLADYSLAWOWO B A L T I C S E A USTKA LEBA GDYNIA HEL Gulf of Gdansk GDANSK (IBW PAN) Pomeranian Bay KOLOBRZEG SWINOUJSCIE SZCZECIN
6138700 3568700 3568800 3568900 3569000 3569100 3569200 3569300 3569400 3569500 3569600 Baltic Sea 6138700 6138600 6138600 Piaśnica 6138500 6138500 3568700 3568800 3568900 3569000 3569100 3569200 3569300 3569400 3569500 3569600 [m] 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Piaśnica river mouth in February 2008
Storm surge in Nov. 2004, photo by W. Lipiec (after Basiński, 2007)
Storm surge in Nov. 2004, photo by W. Lipiec (after Basiński, 2007)
3568700 3568750 3568800 3568850 3568900 3568950 3569000 6138700 6138700 Baltic Sea 6138650 6138650 structure line 6138600 6138600 6138550 Piaśnica 6138550 6138500 6138500 3568700 3568750 3568800 3568850 3568900 3568950 3569000 [m] 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Location of built-in structure in option 1
3568800 3568850 3568900 3568950 3569000 3569050 3569100 3569150 3569200 6138700 6138700 Baltic Sea 6138650 structure line 6138650 6138600 6138600 6138550 Piaśnica 6138550 6138500 6138500 3568800 3568850 3568900 3568950 3569000 3569050 3569100 3569150 3569200 [m] 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Location of built-in structure in options 2 and 3
Conclusions legal regulations (allocated money, defined areas) monitoring assessment studies preferences for environment-friendly measures need of compromise