Respiratory System Homework The R S is the body s breathing equipment. Similar to the D system, it takes S from outside the body (G, particularly O ), circulates them through the body to C and T, then E the E and W. O is the R system s F and C D is its W. We cannot live without B for more than a C of M Label the Nose, Trachea, Lungs and Diaphragm Topic 1 Structure Breathing, or E R, is the I and E of A and G it contains We breathe through the N and the system of P and O with which is connects. The N is an O of the face first P for A entering the B. The nose is lined with a M M that is C i.e. it has M H. www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 1
The N C connects to the P S, H S inside the bones surrounding the N. The Nose has Functions: 1 to W as the O of S 2 to M and W the A 3 to F D, B etc from the A using the M M and its H. The M prevents D and B from passing into the L The C push the M into the T. It is then S and travels to the S where any B are N by G A. Label this diagram PHARYNX Once A has been F, M and W in the N it travels into the P, a tube which leads from the back of the N and M and divides into the O and L. It works as part of both the D and R systems. Function: acts as an A P and also W and M the A www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 2
LARYNX From the P, A travels down in the L (aka V B ) Label this diagram Function: the L is a P for A between the P and T. It F B, helps in V P and W and M and A. TRACHAE Function: a P for A between the L and B. BRONCHI The B are B of the R T which T A I and O of each L Label this diagram www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 3
BRONCHIOLES The final and F tubes in the passage of A from the N to the L are the B Function: take A to the A of the L LUNGS The T L are T S O that G enter and E the B They are covered in a special membrane called the P Label: Pleural cavity, Diaphragm, Oesophagus PLEURA Function: the P C prevents F between the T layers during R. ALVEOLI The E of G in the lungs takes place in T S called A at the end of the B (they look like a bunch of grapes) Function: E of G (mostly O2 and CO2) between the C and R systems. The P A delivered D b to the C N which is then O by contact with the air in the A. The O B then leaves the L via the C N and the P V and travels to the H to be pumped round the body www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 4
Label the Bronchioles, Alveoli, Alveolus This image gives a really clear picture of what is happening How Breathing Works internal and external respiration: EXTERNAL RESPIRATION is the diffusion of oxygen from A into Blood and Carbon Dioxide from B to Alveoli (i.e. breathing in and out) INTERNAL RESPIRATION is the diffusion of oxygen from Blood to the B C and carbon dioxide from body cells to B (i.e. at cellular level inside your body) www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 5
Complete this Chart showing Oxygen s route into the body: Nose P... L... Trachea B... B... A... Blood in capillaries Pulmonary... H... A... Rest of body (cells) www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 6
How does blood travel to and from the lungs? Via the P circulation which is the movement of B from the H -- to the L and back Label this diagram www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 7
How does air get into the body in the first place? A enters the R S --- (this is known as I -- of I ) when the P --- is L -- inside the lungs and leaves the lungs when the P in the atmosphere around the body is L. (Diffusion) BUT it is the action of the M involved in R ---- that makes these changes in P. The main muscle involved is the D which is helped by the I M (positioned between the ribs). The D is a large M positioned between the C and A When relaxed it is D shaped and when contracted it F Label: Inhalation, Exhalation, Diaphragm flattens and lowers, Diaphragm relaxes and moves up When the D contracts (flattens) and the I muscles contract and lift the ribs up and away from the lungs, the T C expands and pressure is higher outside of the body than in the lungs, so air rushes in. When the L are full, the Diaphragm relaxes into a D shape and the intercostal muscles relax so the ribs push down towards the lungs, which thereby reduces the size of the thoracic cavity. The pressure is then H in the lungs than in the external environment so air rushes out of the lungs. www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 8
How does the body know when to breathe? N C called C The Brain s role in Breathing: T centres of the brain are involved - the R C is the M O and the P V The R C - stimulates I The P V -stops I thus provoking E. Topic 2 Diseases and Disorders (Pathologies) Please familairise yourself with these and also study the blue box called interrelationships Summary: The Respiratory System: Is a system for the E of G from O to I the body and vice versa. Is controlled by the N S Well, you have almost cracked it! The Urinary system is next and you will be pleased to know we don t need to know so much with that one! Jackie www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Respiratory 22.6.13 9