KEYNOTE IFISH 5 June 11, 2018 Health and safety measures in the Norwegian fishing fleet Senior research scientist Ingunn Marie Holmen SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway Photos: SINTEF
Contents 1. The Fishing Industry in Norway 2. Occupational health and safety challenges in the Norwegian fisheries 3. Safety measures 2 Illustration from Fugelli & Aasjord (1992): The fisherman's work environment handbook (Fiskerens arbeidsmiljøbok)
Number of fishing vessels in Norway 1985-2017 3 Source: The Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries
Norwegian fishing vessel groups Small coastal fishing vessels < 15 m Deep sea fishing vessels >28 m 4
Norwegian fishing vessel groups (2) Medium to large coastal fishing vessels 15-21 m, 21-55 m 5
Key figures for the Norwegian fishing fleet 4,669 active fishing vessels with registered income > 50,000 NOK ( USD 6,200) Very small coastal <10 m Very small coastal 10 m - Production of fish (tons): Small coastal 11 m - Medium coastal 15 m - Large coastal 21 m - Deep sea fishing 28 m -> Total 2132 1461 625 116 104 231 5390 Capture Aquaculture Total World 93,400,000 73,800,000 167,200,000 Norway 2,185,513 1,325,182 3,510,695 6 Sources: The Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries 2017, FAO: The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2016 (2014 numbers).
Norwegian Fishers 7 Source: The Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries
Occupational health and safety challenges in the Norwegian fisheries 8
Fishing fatalities in Norway per year 1990 May 2018 (SINTEF Ocean database) 45 25,00 Number of fishing fatalities 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 9,72 8,99 13,37 19,49 9,04 4,36 5,49 8,42 9,15 10,33 5,18 6,14 6,87 8,80 3,18 7,65 8,15 6,55 10,73 Deep sea purseseine > 43 m Deep sea trawling > 28 m Deep sea longline > 28 m Large coastal, 21-55 m Medium coastal, 15-21 m Small Coastal, 11-14.99 m Coastal Sjark, 6.0-10.99 m Open Boat, Loa < 6.0 m Incident rate - 10k Man-Year Linear (Incident rate - 10k Man-Year) 9,53 5,80 9,14 6,30 5,37 3,27 6,45 4,27 20,00 15,00 10,00 5,00 3,33 Incident rate per 10,000 man-years 0 0,00 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 0,00 9
Fishing fatalities in Norway 1990 - May 2018 Fatality mode/fleet group 120 Number of fishing fatalities 100 80 60 40 Deep sea fishing fleet; Loa > 28 m Med. & large coastal fleet > 15 m Small coastal fishing fleet < 15 m 20 0 Vessel disaster Overboard accident Drowning in port Crush/impact Fire/gas/electricution Falling/flying object Accidental fall Sting/cut Fatality modes 10
Occupational injuries 2000 2017 mode of injury (Registered by the Norwegian Maritime Authority) Injuries Fatalities 800 700 7 600 12 500 No. of registered injuries 400 300 200 100 0 673 574 488 1 290 295 198 1 75 87 51 37 30 13 34 21 2 90 11
Contributing causes of occupational accidents in Norwegian fisheries Climate/weather and vessel movements Vessel stability/loading Fishers' performance (fatigue) Training and experience Insufficientsafety management Lack of planning and risk assessments PPE not used 12 Working alone
Safe communication on board? 500-900 foreign fishermen are employed in the Norwegian fishing industry. Fishers do not see language and communication barriers as risk factors. Fishing experience is a more important qualification than language proficiency. Possible implications for safety in the event of something unexpected. 13 Thorvaldsen T and Sønvisen S (2013). Multilingual crews on Norwegian fishing vessels: Implications for communication and safety on board. Marine Policy.
Work environment and health in the Norwegian fishing fleet 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Very bad Bad Neither good nor bad Good Very good 14 832 active fishers participated in the survey High job satisfaction : 99% yes! Thorvaldsen, Sønvisen, Holmen, Øren (2016) "The fisher health survey" (In Norwegian). SINTEF report. Project supported by the Norwegian Research Council
Self-reported absence Causes Duration Less than 1 week Illness 20% Work-related sickness 10% 1-2 weeks Over 8 weeks 39% Injury 15% Workrelated injury 55% 3-5 weeks 22% 6-8 weeks 15 Absence: 29 % (241 out of 832 respondents) 95 out of the 241 longer than 8 weeks in total
Work-related pain (often/very often) 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 16
17 Safety measures
18 Mandatory safety training for fishermen
Regulations and controls 19 Ship Safety Act Safety management Work environment, safety and health on board safety representative Construction and inspection of vessels Vessel certificate documenting technical condition Inspections by the Maritime Authority
Mandatory safety management system on board Mandatory to establish and maintain a safety management system on all fishing vessels Perform and document risk analyses Internal control Ensure employee participation 20 Training manual for health, safety and work environment in the fishing fleet (Norwegian Fishermen's Association)
Improved fishing technology New vessel designs High focus on fish quality Ergonomic design of workplaces Remodeling Safety barriers Attractive workplaces 21 New Prestfjord trawler to be delivered in 2020, 77 m Rolls-Royce design
SimFisk project: Realistic simulator for training, practice and technology concept testing in the fisheries Tool for standardised training in a safe environment Developed a trawler simulator demo Other vessel types and fishing gears will follow 22 Supported by the Norwegian Research Council
"HSE in the fishing fleet" collaboration 23 Well-established tripartite cooperation Campaigns films Safety conference for fishers Webpage launched 2010 Easy access to relevant information on safe operation of vessel; regulations, inspection checklists, stability etc. Fiskrisk.no online risk assessment tool www.yrkesfisker.no
Safer work clothing for fishermen 24 Regatta Fisherman (on market in 2005) Northern Norway, June 2006 Photo: Norwegian Society for Sea Rescue
Thank you for listening! Acknowledgements to my colleagues Trine Thorvaldsen, PhD Halvard Aasjord, PhD E-mail: Ingunn.Holmen@sintef.no 25 Photo: Halvard Aasjord
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