م ص ط لحات نح وي ة Terms for Arabic Grammar ا A noun becomes definite when ال is at the beginning Tool/Particle Exclusion Interrogative Noun Demonstrative ال ال ت ع ري ف ا د اة اس ت ث ناء اس ت ف ه ام ا س م ا س م ا شار ة Preference تف ض ي ل ا س م A noun which shows that someone does an action (i.e. doer) Verbal noun A noun after preposition A noun that shows that the action was done to it. Relative pronoun ) These five nouns have a special فو ذو ح م و ا خو ا ب و) conjugations Conjugation اس م فاع ل اس م ف ع ل ا س م م ج ر ور اس م م ف ع ول ا س م م و ص ول الا س م اء ال خم س ة ا ع ر اب www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 1
ب Substitute ب د ل added to the end of a past tense verb to show تا ء feminine Pronoun تاء connected to past verb to show the subject ت تاء ال تا ن يث تاء ال فاع ل (ت ) added to the end of nouns only ة A word that follows another in conjugation Astonishment Preference Distinctive A Noon with Sukoon ن that you hear at the end of indefinite nouns but you don t write as a usual ن. It is written in a special way: by writing the vowel mark twice. Emphasizing Firmness of Noon ال تاء ال م ر ب و طة تا بع تع ج ب تف ض يل تم ييز تن وين تو ك يد ث ثب و ت ال نو ن ج (ة) Plural Broken Plural: No specific rule to change from singular to plural Sound feminine plural ج م ع ج م ع تك س ي ر ج م ع م و ن ث سال م www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 2
Sound masculine plural سال م م ذ ك ر ج م ع Sentence Nominal Sentence: Starts with a noun Verbal Sentence: Starts with a verb Answer to the condition Status/ a noun that shows the state Elimination of Noon Letter / Particle Preposition Particle of conjunction ج م لة ج م لة ا سم ي ة ج م لة ف ع ل ي ة ج و اب ال شر ط ح ح ال ح ذ ف ال نو ن ح ر ف ح ر ف ج ر ح ر ف ع ط ف ) كس رةafter ي) (ض م ة after و)( فت حة after ا): vowel A long ح ر ف ع لة / ح ر ف م د The letters ا ن ي ت coming at the beginning of present verb A particle which causes changes to the nominal sentence Particle of calling ح ر ف ال م ض ار ع ة ح ر ف ناس خ ح ر ف ن داء خ الم ب تد ا Predicate/Information you give about خب ر ال م ب تد ا A predicate when comes before خب ر م قد م www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 3
س A mark on the top of Arabic letter to show the absence of vowel س كون ش Semi-sentence (formed of ) ظر ف + م ض اف ا لي ه ( ح ر ف ج ر + م ج ر ور اس م ) or ش ب ه ج م لة A mark on the top of Arabic letter to show that the letter should be repeated twice once with and once with a vowel, as rr in ear ring Condition شد ة شر ط ك ون س ض A mark on the top of Arabic letter to show that the letter is pronounced as u in bull. Attached pronouns or pronoun suffix Hidden pronoun Separate pronouns ض م ة ض مير م تص ل ض م ير م س تت ر ض مير م ن فص ل ظ Adverb that shows time ظر ف ز م ا ن / م ف ع ول ف يه Adverb that shows place ظر ف م كا ن / م ف ع ول ف يه ع Rational Number ع اق ل ع د د www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 4
Conjunction Sign Proper Noun ع ط ف ع لام ة ع لم ف The one who did the verb. A mark on the top of Arabic letter to show that the letter is pronounced as a in cat Verb Command verb Past tense verb Passive verb Present tense verb A verb which causes changes to the nominal sentence In place of فاع ل فت حة ف ع ل ف ع ل ا م ر ف ع ل م ا ض ف ع ل م ب ن ي ل ل م ج ه ول ف ع ل م ض ا رع ف ع ل ناس خ ف ي م ح ل ق Oath قس م ك A mark below an Arabic letter to show that the letter is pronounced as i in bin A word كس ر ة كل م ة www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 5
ل It is the لام in ف ري ال ال تع which is omitted in pronunciation, as in ال شم س (ash-shams) لام شم س ي ة It is the لام in in ال قم ر (al-qamar) لام م قم ري ة which is pronounced clearly, as ال ال تع ري ف Feminine First noun in a nominal sentence خب ر that came after its م ب تد ا A The word is built on one form: the end of the word does not change in the different positions in the sentence, as all pronouns. Dual Genitive case Jussive case Eliminated Masculine Nominative case Excluded/The thing excepted Included Noun derived from the verb A noun that shows the possessor م و نث م ب تد ا م ب تد ا م و خر م ب ن ي م ث نى م ج ر ور م ج ز وم م ح ذوف م ذ كر م ر فوع م س تث نى م س تث نى م ن ه م ص د ر م ض اف ا لي ه www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 6
Declined: The end of the word changes of form after the position of that word in the sentence. Definite A word joined to another by a mean of conjunction Singular Direct object: the person or thing which is directly affected by the verb. Prohibited of variation: Some nous that cannot have Kasrah or Tanween Called Accusative case Qualified م ع ر ب م ع ر فة م ع طوف م ف ر د م ف ع ول به م م نوع م ن الص ر ف م ناد ى م ن ص وب م و ص وف ن Pronoun attached to nouns and verb to replace (we) Subject of the passive نا ال فاع ل ين ناي ب فاع ل Adjective Negation Indefinite Prohibition نع ت / ص فة نف ي نك ر ة نه ي Noon of femininity نون ال نس و ة ي Pronoun ي اء attached to present verb to show the female you talk to ي اء ال م خا طب ة www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 7