PINARELLO BOLIDE TR+ WHITE PAPER 1.0 PINARELLO BOLIDE TR+

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 a. Pinarello 5 b. Purposes of the project FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS 6 a. Dedicated Triathlon Geometry 8 b. Aerodynamics 12 c. Disk Brake 13 d. Material Choice 14 e. Fuel Storage SIZES AND GEOMETRIES 16 Sizes and Geometries FEATURES 17 Features 2 3

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION a. Pinarello b. Purposes of the project In the recent past, Cicli Pinarello has shown that it is able to build the fastest bikes on the planet. The great successes like HR record, TT stages won at Giro, Tour and Vuelta, and the countless National TT Champions they are there to prove it. There is one common name behind all these victories : Bolide. Since his first debut in 2013 Bolide has given proof to be the best TT bike and all its offspring, Bolide HR and Bolide TT just continue the tradition. However, Bolide is not just a fast bike in the short distances of a TT stage or into an Olympic Track, it is also performing and winning in the toughest test of the triathlon: Ironman World Championship in Kona (Hawaii). During the race in October 2018, ride by pro athlete Cameron Wurf, Bolide was able to break the record for the Ironman cycling section with an incredible 4h:12min:54sec to travel 180Km, over 5 min faster of than the previous record. This incredible result pushes Cicli Pinarello to invest resources in the realization of a version of the Bolide specifically designed for the Triathlon and Ironman races, so it s born BOLIDE TR+. To create Bolide TR+ Pinarello Lab did not start obviously from a blank paper, because the great performances in the long distances shows by Bolide TT were already the perfect starting point for this project. So the product development focused on optimizing the speed and geometric characteristics of the TT Bolide for endurance races such as Triathlon and Ironman. To do that the cooperation of pro athletes like Cameron Wurf was essential, but also the suggestions coming from the amateur riders were seriously taken in consideration because the main target of the this project is to create a specific Triathlon bike that allowed the pro athletes to win their competition and allowed the amateur riders to have the best possible bike that enhance their performance during the bike fraction of a triathlon or Ironman race. Saying that the main target projects can be summarized as follow: Create a Triathlon bike without compromising the speed of the Bolide TT Keep the lightness close as possible as the Bolide TT Reduce the complexity of the bike mounting/demounting operations Improve comfort, handling and stability feeling. Design specific storages that allowed to carry enough fuel without sacrificing aerodynamics The request to have a bike easy to assemble in pre-race phases and easy to disassemble in the post-race has come not only from AM, but also from PRO. In fact, in a physically and mentally wearing race like the triathlon it is important not to waste nervous energy in the preparation of the mechanical mean. This request was seriously taken into consideration and guided many engineering choices of the project. In the same way the input to improve comfort and handling feeling was well considered. A specific TT is designed for TT stages (max 50Km) and generally flat. Triathlon and Ironman races are longer (even 180Km) and can find many different uphill and downhill along the way, so a specific TR+ must take into consideration. 4 5

1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS 1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS a. DEDICATED TRIATHLON GEOMETRY The starting point for the Bolide TR+ project was to realize a perfect Triathlon / Ironman geometry without distorting the characteristic of speed inherent in the Bolide TT. So the definition of specific geometry for Bolide TR+ was driven by the research of an optimal rider position that ensure comfort for long distances. In details the areas where Pinarello Lab focus its attention are: 1 - HEADT TUBE: increased by 35mm in comparison to Bolide TT. this allows you to improve ergonomics and have a more relaxed position on the bike without sacrificing the aerodynamics. In combination with the Aero TT bar and thanks to the possibility to add 40mm spacers under the extension + 10mm spacers under the pads, every rider can find his best position or adapt the position to the type of race. A bigger head tube increases also the rigidity of the bike frame and the overall stability of the head set. 2 - BOTTOM BRAKET: moved downward by 8mm in comparison to Bolide TT. This improves comfort especially when getting on the saddle. In addition the overall center of mass is downward improving riding stability and aerodynamic efficiency of the bike. 5 3 3 - SEAT TUBE ANGLE: moved forward to 78. In combination with the seatpost straight the position becomes particularly advanced, ensuring the best thrust on the pedals. Two other seatpost versions will be available with retractions of -25mm and -50mm. In this way, every athletes can find the most congenial position for his ride. 4 - CHAINSTAY: As on the Bolide TT the length of the Chainstay remained 395mm, that is extremely short. This guarantees an excellent transfer of power to the wheel and agility in the bursts out of the curve 1 5 - TYRE CLEARANCE: Bolide TR+ is designed for allowed a max tyre 700x28mm and a rim width of max 30mm. This ensures the compatibility of the frame with modern Triathlon wheels specifically designed to optimize aerodynamics. 4 2 6 7

1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS 1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS b. AERODYNAMICS Once the frame geometry was defined, the development work focused on the aerodynamic aspect. The clear target was to keep aero performances of the Bolide TT but adapted to the Triathlon needs. Several hours on CFD simulator were performed to optimized the Bolide TR+ shape. The starting points for fluid dynamics analysis were: - Bolide TT shape as baseline. Bolide TT aerodynamic was used as starting point and as benchmark to design the Bolide TR+ frame shape. - No UCI Limit. Bolide TR+ is following ITU (International Triathlon Union) rules for draft-illegal competitions. So, the frame design is not limited by the UCI rules for TT bikes and particularly not limited by the aero-shape 3:1 norm. - Human dummy. The real aerodynamic performances of the frame must be tested always considering the rider on the bike. from previous studies we have seen that there can be considerable differences in the results if the analysis is carried out by studying only the frame or the frame + athlete. Therefore a complete bicycle and a human dummy have been reconstructed in the CFD program before beginning any fluid dynamic analysis - Kona wind specifications. To define the wind parameters to be used in the CFD analysis, it was decided to consider the average wind values present at Kona (in terms of speed and angle of attack). The aerodynamic profile of the frame was then optimized for these conditions but then evaluated that it had no contraindications in case the wind parameters were different. Once the initial parameters and the boundary conditions were defined, the aerodynamic study was carried out by breaking down the individual components of the Frame (as shown on the picture below) and evaluating their specific aerodynamic influence. Each element has therefore been optimized as a single and then re-evaluated in the frame set plus athlete. 8 9

1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS 1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS The results of the CFD analysis have led to review every single surface of the frame of the Bolide TR+ if compared to the BolideTT, however the most visible changes can be summarized in: 1 - FORK. Being free from the UCI standards the fork profile could be considerably lengthened to improve the aerodynamic flow around it. In addition the fork flap design has been revised with the dual objective of integrating the trough axle drop out and reducing the aerodynamic drag. 3 - REAR MONOSTAY. The advantage of being able to mount the disc brakes allowed to revise and optimized the monostay. In fact we no longer need the rim brake integration cover. So the monostay has been redesigned in such a way as to minimize its front surface and ensure an optimal air flow to the rear wheel. All the other aerodynamic improvements introduced with the Bolide TT were obviously also reported in the Bolide TR+, like: 1) Concave downtube 2) Slooping Top Tube 3) Seatpost clamp Twin Force 2 3 2 - FRONT COVER. The cable routing is completely integrated into the frame. The front cover, that integrates the routing of the front brake hose, is integrated with the fork. This guarantees aerodynamic improvements both because the surface between the cover and the fork is continuous, and because the hosing is completely concealed to the air flow. 1 10 11

1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS 1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS c. DISK BRAKE d. MATERIAL CHOICE 1-160mm DISK ROTOR: assure the best braking performances 2 - TROUGH AXLE: 12x100mm at the front and 12x142mm at the rear. They assure the best responsiveness and stability during the braking phase. In comparison to the Bolide TT, the trough axle at the rear assure benefit also in the mounting/demounting phase. 3 - FLAT MOUNT BRAKE: it ensures a constructively simpler and lighter frame. Furthermore, the brake caliper is more compact and light too. 4 - INTEGRATED CABLE ROUTING: all brake hosing are completely integrated into the frame, this assure the best aerodynamic and also less complexity for mounting/ demounting the bike for long travel. In order to satisfy all customer category, Bolide TR will be available in two different construction. The high end version Bolide TR+ will use as main material Torayca T1100G finish. The mid-end version Bolide TR will use T700 UD finish. Both materials ensures the highest tensile strength. This choice contributes to increase the impact strength, to prevent breakages. Torayca T1100G ensure a lighter frame in comparison to T700. The well know Pinarello asymmetry concept, with down tube moved to the right, allowed us to increase the stiffness due to the shape, recovering that stiffness lost with the usage of less material. Thanks to the highest grade of carbon fiber used (especially higher strength) we were able to get a lighter frame maintaining its strength unchanged. T1100G fibers have been used in the higher stressed areas, in order to take advantage of its incomparable strength. 12 13

1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS 1. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS e. FUEL STORAGE One of the main objectives of the project was to provide the Bolide TR+ with a kit of fuel storages that had the function of satisfying the needs of feeding of the athletes during long races but that did not adversely affect the aerodynamics of the bicycle. The decision on the type of fuel storage to be done and on their position has been taken following the feedbacks of the pro and am athletes. Everything was validate in several CFD simulation sessions. For example we exclude from the beginning to have an integrated water tank below the handlebar, this because CFD shows us that a big lateral surface has a negative influence on aerodynamic and riding feeling during crosswind. The fuel storage defined for Bolide TR+ are: 1 - TOP TUBE BOX: designed to carry gels and energy bars. It has a rubber membrane on the top were the food can be easily taken in and out. It is fix on the TT thanks to 2 screws, so can be easily removed. It is completely integrated with the handlebar cover and the shape is designed to reduce the aerodynamic drag. 2 - DOWN TUBE BOX: design to carry food or to carry tools (inner tube, screw driver, tire lever,..)it is fixed at the DT with 2 screws. Can be easily removed and can be replaced by a bottle cage. Integrated with the DT improves the air flow around the frame. 14 15

2. SIZES AND GEOMETRIES 3. PINARELLO BOLIDE TR+ FEATURES BOLIDE TR+ - Carbon Torayca T1100G UD with NANOALLOY Technology - Asymmetric frame - Drop In bearing system with tapered headset ( 1 1/8 up; 1 ½ down) - Internal cable routing - Italian thread BB - Flatback Profiles - Fork Flap - Seatpost Aero with Aero Rear Clamp - RAD System Disk Brake - Front Thru-Axle 100 x 12 Shimano - Rear Thru-Axle 142 x 12 Shimano - Disk Flat Mount max 160mm - Max Tire 700 x 28 BOLIDE TR CC L I A [ ] B [ ] F P T D R G REACH STACK 450 480 94 78 72 557 395 90 65 43 373 369 492 485 500 101 78 72 576 395 106 70 43 373 386 515 520 520 108 78 73 595 395 120 70 43 373 405 530 550 540 114 78 73 618 395 134 70 43 373 424 543 - Carbon Torayca T700 UD finish - Asymmetric frame - Drop In bearing system with tapered headset ( 1 1/8 up; 1 ½ down) - Internal cable routing - Italian thread BB - Flatback Profiles - Fork Flap - Seatpost Aero with Aero Rear Clamp - RAD System Disk Brake - Front Thru-Axle 100 x 12 Shimano - Rear Thru-Axle 142 x 12 Shimano - Disk Flat Mount max 160mm - Max Tire 700 x 28 16 17

Cicli Pinarello srl Viale della Repubblica 12 31020 Villorba (TV) Italy tel. +39 0422 420877 fax +39 0422 421816 infobike@pinarello.com www.pinarello.com Cicli Pinarello Srl - All rights reserved - 2018