EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 1 of 15 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION... 2 2. SCOPE & PURPOSE... 2 3. DEFINITIONS... 2 4. STANDARD... 3 5. RESPONSIBILTIES... 7 6. REFERENCES... 8 7. ATTACHMENTS... 8 8. APPENDICES... 8 9. REVISION HISTORY... 15 Rev. Issue Date Amendment Description Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By 3 30-Apr-17 Periodic Revision Added topics on Construction requirements and Performance requirements (sec. 4.1. & 4.2) Added requirements on Visibility and Access (sec. 4.4.1. (I & iv)) Added the Safety Shower and Eyewash Station Testing and Inspection requirements (sec. 4.5. (ii iii)) Added information in Appendices ( sec. 7) Muhammad F Khan Sunthararajah Puhalendran/ Abdul W Sheikh/ Wilfredo N Benig/ Mohammed A Al- Qahtani/ Arantelo D Abreu/ Cody C Prince/ Nileshkumar F Patel Renante B Siatan/ Akmal Rana Ryan L Price Roehl Bartolome/ Dirk Perrin Abdulla S Al- Zoubi/ Abdulla S Al- Khulaifi/ Abdulaziz Y Al- Motawa/ John Carlson Syed N Shah Next Scheduled Periodic Review: April/2020 Page 1 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 2 of 15 1. INTRODUCTION Emergency Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations provide on-the-spot decontamination. They allow workers to flush away hazardous substances that can cause injury. The first 10 to 15 seconds after exposure to a hazardous substance, especially to a corrosive substance, are critical. Delaying treatment, even for a few seconds, can be detrimental to the health and recovery of the exposed person. Emergency Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations provide quick and efficient flushing and decontamination. This Standard describes the requirements on fixed and portable Emergency Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations. 2. SCOPE & PURPOSE This Standard establishes the minimum performance and construction requirements for eyewash and safety shower equipment for the emergency treatment of the eyes or body of a person who has been exposed to chemicals and hazardous materials as per the OSHA 29 CFR 1910.151 and ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 regulatory/compliance requirements. This also details the training and inspection requirements and the process on the using the equipment. Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Stations are designed to deliver water to rinse contaminants from a user s eyes, face or body. However, they are not a substitute for PPE s or for safe procedures for handling hazardous materials. This standard is applicable to all employees and contractors working within Q-Chem, Q-Chem ll and RLOC facilities and covers all fixed and portable Emergency Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations. 3. DEFINITIONS Combination Unit: An interconnected assembly of emergency equipment supplied by a single source of flushing fluid. CBT: Computer Based Training Drench Unit: A supplemental device consisting of a flexible hose connected to a flushing fluid supply and used to provide fluid to irrigate and flush face and body areas. Eyewash Station: A device used to provide fluid to irrigate and flush the eyes. EDMS: Electronic Document Management System Flushing Fluid: Potable water, preserved water, preserved buffered saline solution or other medically acceptable solution manufactured and labeled in accordance with applicable government regulations. Hazardous material: Any substance or compound that has the capability of producing adverse effects on the health and safety of humans. Portable Unit: A temporary water delivery device more suitable for an eyewash station rather than a safety shower. The water storage capacity is designed to meet the minimum flushing time for an eye or facial exposure to a chemical. PPE: Personal Protective Equipment - Consists of devices worn by workers to help protect them against hazards in the work place, including stressors to the human body that are physical, chemical, biological and ergonomic in nature. PTW: Permit to Work Page 2 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 3 of 15 Safety Shower: A device specifically designed and intended to deliver flushing fluid in sufficient volume to cause that fluid to cascade over the entire body. SAP: Systems Applications and Products Simultaneous Operation: Units which combine a Drench Shower and Eye/Eye Face Wash unit must accommodate simultaneous use. Both the Drench Shower and Eye Wash unit must be fully operable at the same time to properly flush both the skin, eyes, and face. 4. STANDARD 4.1. Emergency Safety Showers/Eye wash Units or Combination Units Construction Requirements i. Safety Showers and Eye Wash Stations shall be designed, manufactured and installed in such a manner that, once activated, they shall be used without requiring the use of the operator s hands. Go from off to on in one second or less. ii. The piping connections shall not have any leaks. (New safety shower and eye/face wash units shall be constructed of materials that shall not corrode when exposed to water for extended periods of time. For maximum durability, epoxy coated galvanized steel, chrome plated brass, stainless steel and PVC materials shall be considered as a preferred material of construction). iii. Valve shall be located not more than 173.3 cm (69 in.) above the level on which the user stands. iv. Safety shower shall be connected to a potable water supply line. v. It shall be recommended to install a shut off valve on the water line, upstream of the unit, to facilitate maintenance of the equipment. vi. If a shut off valve is installed, provision shall be made to prevent unauthorized closure of the shut off valve (such as car seal). Emergency Safety Showers shall provide a flushing fluid column that is at least 208.3 cm (82 in.) and not more than 243.8 cm (96 in.) in height from the surface on which the user stands. vii. The area around the emergency shower and eye wash units shall be well lit. viii. Eyewash units shall be designed to provide enough room to allow the eyelids to be held open with the hands while the eyes are in the flushing fluid stream. ix. Eyewash units shall be arranged such that the flushing fluid flow pattern shall not less than 83.8 cm (33 in.) and no greater than 134.6 cm (53 in.) from the surface on which the user stands and 15.3 cm (6 in.) minimum from the wall or the nearest obstruction. x. Refer the attachments and appendices in sections 7 and 8 for more details. 4.2. Emergency Safety Showers/Eye wash Units or Combination Units Performance Requirements i. Emergency Safety Showers/Eye Wash Units shall provide a controlled flow of flushing fluid from safety shower to both eyes simultaneously at a velocity low enough to be non-injurious to the user. ii. The water temperature delivered by emergency equipment shall be 16-38º C (60-100º F). iii. Safety showers shall be capable of delivering flushing fluid at a minimum of 75.7 liters per minute (20 gpm) for a minimum of 15 minutes. Page 3 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 4 of 15 iv. The Safety Shower spray pattern shall have a minimum diameter of 50.8 cm (20 in.) at 152.4 cm (60 in.) above the surface on which the user stands. v. The center of the spray pattern of Safety Shower shall be located at least 40.6 cm (16 in.) from any obstruction. vi. The flushing fluid from Safety Shower shall be substantially dispersed throughout the pattern. vii. Eyewash units shall be capable of delivering flushing fluid to the eyes not less than 1.5 liters per minute (0.4 gpm) for 15 minutes and for Eye wash and Face wash units shall be capable of delivering flushing fluid to the eyes and face not less than 11.4 liters per minute (3.0 gpm) for 15 minutes. viii. Nozzles and flushing fluid of Eye Wash units shall be protected from airborne contaminants. Whatever means shall be used to afford such protection, its removal shall not require a separate motion by the operator when activating the unit. ix. Employees who may be exposed to hazardous materials shall be instructed in the location and proper use of emergency showers. x. Each part of the combination unit (emergency Safety Shower and Eye Wash) shall be inspected (weekly and annually) individually and when activated simultaneously assure conformance with requirements of this standard. xi. Refer the attachments and appendices in sections 7 and 8 for more details. 4.3. Portable Units i. Alternative or portable eyewash units shall be used only when a permanent installation is not available. They may also be used for remote short duration maintenance jobs. ii. The portable units shall match with the minimum recommended water deliveries and dimensions for the service intended. Q-Chem uses pressurized drench stations and portable eyewash stations with drench hoses. Each unit is capable of supplying enough water to minimize the impact of the exposure, especially in an eyewash situation. They are not designed to replace safety showers except under emergency, temporary circumstances and as mitigation while performing maintenance on fixed emergency safety shower and eye/face wash units. iii. After utilizing the portable unit for immediate flushing, then the injured individual shall then proceed to permanent or self-contained Eyewash and flush the eyes for the required 15- minute period. iv. In order to prevent secondary eye infections, portable eyewash units shall have their water storage reservoirs cleaned and water changed out every week or replace water every 3 months (or as per chemical specifications) if the additives are added to avoid contamination. If there are no additives in portable eye shower then replacement frequency will be same that is one week. Also replace water when add the new chemical. Users must bring their eye shower to Fire Station and replace their portable eye wash units. Fire Safety Section shall replace the eye wash unit and mark the water replacement date on the eye wash unit inspection card. v. When portable eye wash units taken out of service (not in use), the reservoirs shall be drained and stored dry. vi. Portable eyewash units shall not be exposed on direct sunlight; direct exposure to the sun will increase the temperature. Page 4 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 5 of 15 4.4. Placement and Usage 4.4.1. Visibility and Access (applicable to permanent and portable devices) i. Safety Shower and Eye Wash Stations shall be located in an area identified with a visible sign positioned so the sign shall be visible within the area served by the emergency shower. ii. Since the person requiring the Emergency Safety Shower or Eyewash Station when either be injured or vision impaired, a clear path between the hazard and the water delivery device must exist. iii. It is recommended that the Emergency Safety shower or Eyewash Station be on the same level as the hazard. Using stairs or ladders to reach the water delivery device is strongly discouraged. iv. Emergency Safety shower and Eye Wash Station shall be within 10 seconds of the hazard that is approximately 55 feet. However, if the hazard is highly corrosive or toxic this distance shall be reduced to 10 20 feet (3 to 6 meters). These distances are for straight lines without obstacles. The safety shower or eyewash station shall be placed far enough from the hazard so that they cannot be contaminated by the hazard. v. Be cautious of electrical supply panels that may be within splashing distance. 4.4.2. Usage i. Get to know the locations of the Emergency Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations in area. Visualize their location and the path from the hazard to the water delivery device. ii. If do need a Emergency Safety Shower or Eyewash Station for decontaminating: a) Do not panic. b) Shout out for help to allow co-workers or other nearby personnel to assist. c) On the way to the shower use radio to seek help. If cannot contact someone by radio, do not delay in getting to the safety shower or eyewash station. A few seconds of delay can mean the difference between irritation and damage. d) The exposure must be reported to Fire Safety & ER Section and Health Services for emergency response. e) If possible brush off any loose dry, non-reacting, powdered chemicals from skin with uncontaminated gloves or clothing before flushing the area. f) If the exposure is to the body, begin removing all articles of clothing and jewellery in the affected or nearby areas. Be careful not to contaminate unaffected areas of skin or eyes. Modesty is not an issue in a life-threatening situation. Clothing can retain the chemical against the skin. Watches and rings can retain chemical and exacerbate damage by restricting tissue swelling. Never put contaminated clothing back on. g) If eyes are affected; remove contacts, if used. Keep eyes as wide open as possible while flushing. Roll eyeballs from side to side and up and down to help remove any chemical from under eyelids. Do not rub eyes or cover them with a cloth or bandage. h) Flush the affected areas for: At least 15 minutes for known mild to moderate irritating chemicals. At least 20 minutes for unknown exposures, known moderate to severe irritating chemicals or non-penetrating corrosives (most acids). Page 5 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 6 of 15 For most cases water is not a neutralizing agent. Water works by diluting, flushing and cooling the irritation or burn. Flushing should continue past the minimum time if the burning or irritation continues. i) Do not forget the hazard that originally created the incident. Mitigate the hazard as soon as possible. 4.5. Safety Shower and Eyewash Station Testing and Inspection i. All Emergency Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations, permanent and temporary, indoors or outdoors, shall be tested on a weekly basis by owner through ESOMs. For Laboratory and Materials, the Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations Weekly Inspection Checklist (HSE-ERT-SFM-00-0055) shall be used. ii. The intent of the weekly activation to be conducted on Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash equipment is to ensure that there is a flushing fluid supply at the head of the device and to clear the supply line of any sediment build-up that could prevent fluid from being delivered to the head of the device and minimize microbial contamination due to stagnant water. iii. The duration of this test is dependent on the volume of water contained in the unit itself and all sections of pipework that do not form part of a constant circulation system (also known as dead leg portions). a) Water from Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station should be clean and clear. b) Any defective or broken equipment needs to be repaired. This includes damaged or missing eyewash station protective caps. c) Area/unit owners shall maintain a written or electronic record which denotes the date, location and name of the person doing the testing and any deficiencies discovered. d) Repairs to deficient Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Stations are to be done on a highest priority basis. iv. If the Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station needs to be removed from service for repair: a) A Safety System Bypass Permit (HSE-SAF-SFM-00-0021) shall be filled out. b) A replacement with portable system as per the requirement mentioned in Safety System Bypass Permit (HSE-SAF-SFM-00-0021) shall be obtained from the Fire Safety & ER Section. c) All personnel in the area, including maintenance, technical or casual visitors, shall be informed that the safety system is out of service. This can be accomplished during unit sign-in and/or during the issuing of the PTW. v. The Safety Department shall carryout an annual testing and inspection of each safety shower and eyewash station for adequacy of fluid volume, pressure, damage to the unit and accessibility. Results shall be communicated to the shower/eyewash owners for immediate action. A copy of the audit shall be kept in EDMS. Use the form, Safety Showers and Eye Wash Stations Annual Audit Form (HSE-SAF-SFM-00-0174). The annual progress of maintenance shall be tracked by the area owner and reviewed by the Safety Department through a spreadsheet that has been uploaded in the safety web page for this purpose. Page 6 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 7 of 15 4.6. Training i. Computer Based Training (CBT) on safety showers/eyewash shall be part of the training provided to new personnel who in the normal course of their work may be exposed to unexpected release of chemicals. ii. Training on the use of Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station shall be provided to contractors during HAZCOM Training. 5. RESPONSIBILTIES 5.1. Area Owners of Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station i. Perform the weekly tests on Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station in their area. ii. Maintain documentation of the weekly testing of Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station in the area. Maintain annual maintenance/testing tracking document located on safety webpage at least quarterly and update status in the excel sheet located on safety web page. iii. Initiate a Safety Bypass Permit for the out of service equipment in their area. iv. Initiate SAP notifications to correct deficiencies in their area. Follow up until repaired. v. Ensure that all personnel are aware of the hazards of their area and the location and use of safety showers and eyewash stations. 5.2. Safety Department i. Perform the yearly inspection of all Plant wide Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station. ii. Maintain documentation of the yearly inspection of Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station. Monitor progress of action items identified in maintenance/testing tracking document on safety webpage. Refer to Safety Shower and Eye wash station audit Summary. iii. Maintain and distribute the portable eyewash units. (Fire Safety & ER Section) iv. Serve as auditor for this standard. v. Review/update this document as per the Key Business Document Revision, Update and Tracking procedure (QC-IMT-PRO-00-0001) or whenever a revision/change is recommended. 5.3. Maintenance Department i. Ensure timely maintenance is performed on all Emergency Safety Shower and Eyewash Station as needed. ii. Carry out job as per SAP notifications and maintain completion records in SAP system. 5.4. Materials Department i. Ensure that the minimum/maximum inventories of repair parts are maintained. Page 7 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 8 of 15 5.5. Laboratory i. Ensure that wall mounted bottled water type face wash eyewash stations are checked weekly and that the bottles are replaced prior to expiry date. 5.6. Technical Training i. Provide training to new employees through CBT module. ii. Maintain the training records for this material. 6. REFERENCES 6.1. HSE-SAF-PRO-00-0012 Safety, Alarm and Emergency System Bypass Procedure 6.2. HSE-SAF-LST-00-0023 - Q-Chem Approved Safety Sign List 6.3. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.151 - Eyewash and Shower Stations 6.4. ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 - American National Standard for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment 6.5. Chevron Safety In Design Chapter 8 - Safety Shower/Eyewash Units and Chemical Hazards 7. ATTACHMENTS 7.1. Emergency Safety Shower/Eyewash Annual Maintenance Inspection Form (HSE-SAF-SFM- 00-0088) 7.2. Safety Showers and Eye Wash Stations Annual Audit Form (HSE-SAF-SFM-00-0174) 7.3. Safety Showers and Eyewash Stations Weekly Inspection Checklist (HSE-ERT-SFM-00-0055) 7.4. Portable Shower and Eyewash Checklist (HSE-ERT-SFM-00-0092) 7.5. Safety Shower and Eyewash Stations Training (HSE-SAF-CBT-00-0035) 8. APPENDICES 8.1. Appendix I - Identification 8.2. Appendix II - Safety Shower 8.3. Appendix III - Eyewash/Facewash Units 8.4. Appendix IV - Pressurized Self-contained Eyewash 8.5. Appendix V- Combination Units NOTE 1 The illustrations below are included as examples of configurations capable of meeting the criteria set forth in this standard. Other configurations may be acceptable if they meet the performance criteria established in this standard. Page 8 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 9 of 15 APPENDIX I IDENTIFICATION The following parts of safety shower and eyewash/face wash units shall be painted distinctively in a safety color to be easily visible. MATERIAL MASTER NUMBER: 507461 Page 9 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 10 of 15 APPENDIX II SHOWER Page 10 of 15
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EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 12 of 15 APPENDIX III EYEWASH/FACEWASH UNITS A test gauge for making determination of a suitable eyewash pattern shall be a minimum 10.16 cm (4 in.) in length with two sets of parallel lines equidistant from the center. The interior set of lines shall be 3.18 cm (1.25 in.) apart and the exterior lines shall be 8.26 cm (3.25 in.) apart. Place the gauge in the stream of the eyewash. The flushing fluid shall cover the areas between the interior and exterior lines of the gauge at some point less than 20.3 cm (8 in.) above the eyewash nozzle(s). Page 12 of 15
EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 13 of 15 APPENDIX IV PRESSURIZED SELF-CONTAINED EYEWASH APPENDIX V COMBINATION UNIT Page 13 of 15
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EMERGENCY SHOWERS AND Page 15 of 15 9. REVISION HISTORY Rev. Issue Date Amendment Description Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By 2.1 20-Sep-14 2 28-Apr-2014 1.2 09-Apr-2013 1.1 15-Apr-2012 1.0 15-Sep-2012 0.1 30-April-08 Minor Revision The documents in the appendices are moved to/as Attachments (Section 7). The document HSE-ERT-SFM-30-0054 (Appendix C) is removed (Section 8). Periodic Revision The center of spray pattern and flushing water requirements added. (4.1(v) and 4.1(vi) Safety showers and eye wash simultaneous operation requirements included.(4.3.(iii)) Portable eye washer usage and requirements (4.4(i) and (ii) Replacement of portable eye washer after a week requirements added. (4.4(iii) Caution added for electrical supply panels. (4.5 (i)(f) Maintenance and testing requirements of safety showers and eye washers added (4.9) Added responsibilities for updating the status of safety showers and eye wash units on safety web page at least quarterly (5.1 (ii), 5.3(ii), 5.4 (iii) & 5.5 (iii)heading is changed from HSE to Safety and Fire (5.2) Strobe light/ buzzer actuation check is added (Appendix A Safety shower and Eye Wash both) Actuation of Alarm verification on VDU/ DCS is added (Appendix A Safety shower and Eye Wash both) Replaced the RLOC Safety Shower and Eyewash Table in Appendix C with EDMS link. Incorporated the Q-Chem II facility safety showers locations. Other minor changes Added Q-Chem ll inventory of emergency showers and eyewash stations to Appendix A Incorporated the Ras-Laffan facility safety showers locations Reworded the paragraph (fourth bullet point) on page 5 for better understanding. Muhammad Fahad Khan Muhammad Fahad Khan Renante Siatan Scott Sutherland Scott Sutherland Imran Malik 0 13-Dec-05 First Release Larry Hastie Carl Benson Carl Benson Jonathan Saucedo Gopalakrishna n Radhakrishnan Ehab S Hassan Ahmed J Al- Subeay Hamad Al- Maraghi Paton D Willis Jonathan Saucedo Review Team Carl Benson Chad A Jennings Ali Al-Marri Carl Poldrack Kevin C Kabell Saleh Abdulla Abdulla S Al- Khulaifi Jamal I Khalil Roehl Bartolome Faiz Ahmed Carl Poldrack Page 15 of 15