Septic Tank Buoyancy Control 101. David Lentz, P.E.

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Transcription:

Septic Tank Buoyancy Control 101 David Lentz, P.E.

Archimedes Principle

https://physics.weber.edu/carroll/archimedes/principle.htm Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ugwb_mvzd5a

Sea water is 10% more dense than an iceberg, so 90% is submerged and 10% is exposed above the water http://corysimon.github.io/articles/tip-of-the-icerberg/

https://www.asce.org/uploadedimages/conferences_ and_events/event_subpages/content_pieces/canoes_ of_2018_poster.jpg

https://www.engg.ksu.edu/asce/concrete%20canoe

https://www.unr.edu/nevada-today/news/2012/concrete-canoe-results

https://physics.weber.edu/carroll/archimedes/principle.htm Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water

200 Fahrenheit Heated Air Lower Density than Ambient Air Creates Uplift Force 70 0 200 70 Fahrenheit Ambient Air Higher Density than Heated Air

1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket 900 lbs People on ground

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket 900 lbs People on ground Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1,500 450 900 2,150 1,500

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket Balloon Stays on Ground Net 650 lbs Down Force 900 lbs People on ground Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1,500 450 900 2,150 1,500

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force What happens when the six people let go of the basket? 450 lbs People in basket Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1,500 450 0 1,250 1,500

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket Balloon Floats Net 250 lbs Up Force Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1,500 450 0 1,250 1,500

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket Balloon Floats Net 250 lbs Up Force Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1,500 450 0 1,250 1,500

https://physics.weber.edu/carroll/archimedes/principle.htm Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water

Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water 1 gallon water??? pounds

Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water 1 gallon water 8.3 pounds

Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water 4 gals ~ 33 lbs 1 gallon water 8.3 pounds 500 gals ~ 4,000 lbs 1,200 gallons ~ 10,000 lbs 1,700 gallons ~ 14,000 lbs

Tank Buoyant Force Comparison 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank

Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank

Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball Ford F150 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank

Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball Ford F150 Skid steer 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank

Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball Ford F150 Skid steer Mini-Excavator 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank

800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket 900 lbs People on ground

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces

Key Buoyancy Control Factors Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Depth of soil cover over tank More soil over tank top = more resisting force Expected position of groundwater outside of tank Shallower groundwater = greater buoyant force

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Buoyancy is like a tug of war, except vertical Upward buoyant force vs. Downward resisting forces

Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Empty tank and riser buoyant force x 1.0

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation A Installation B Buoyant force Groundwater 24 above tank bottom Groundwater 42 above tank bottom Buoyant force

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty Empty tank tank and riser buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation A Installation B 12 soil cover Soil weight Soil weight 6 soil cover

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Breakout wedge soil x 0.67 Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty tank Empty tank and riser buoyant buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Breakout wedge soil x 0.67 Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty tank Empty tank and riser buoyant buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0 Soil in/above corrugations x 0.90

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Breakout wedge soil x 0.67 Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty tank Empty tank and riser buoyant buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0 Soil in/above corrugations x 0.90 Sidewall friction x 0.50

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation A Installation B 12 soil cover 6 soil cover Groundwater 24 above tank bottom Groundwater 42 above tank bottom

Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Force Installation A Installation B Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Soil cover 5,130 0 2,565 0 Corrugation soil 3,126 0 2,018 0 Failure wedge 664 0 162 0 Friction 2,960 0 1,925 0 Corrugation water 371 0 371 0 Riser voids 0 659 0 330 Tank uplift 0 4,489 0 8,516 Total 12,251 5,148 7.041 8,846 Net force Net 7,103 lbs down Net 1,805 lbs up NO CONTROLS NEEDED CONTROLS REQUIRED

Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Force Installation A Installation B Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Soil cover 5,130 0 2,565 0 Corrugation soil 3,126 0 2,018 0 Failure wedge 664 0 162 0 Friction 2,960 0 1,925 0 Corrugation water 371 0 371 0 Riser voids 0 659 0 330 Tank uplift 0 4,489 0 8,516 Total 12,251 5,148 7,041 8,846 Net force Net 7,103 lbs down Net 1,805 lbs up NO CONTROLS NEEDED CONTROLS REQUIRED

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces SOLUTION: Provide minimum 1.5 factor of safety for design Minimum buoyancy control force = 1,805 lbs x 1.5 = 2,707 lbs

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces SOLUTION: Minimum buoyancy control force = 2,707 lbs Minimum force per tank side = 2,707 lbs / 2 sides = 1,354 lbs Installation B Minimum 1,354 lbs Minimum 1,354 lbs

Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces SOLUTION: Minimum buoyancy control force = 2,707 lbs Minimum force per tank side = 2,707 lbs / 2 sides = 1,354 lbs Installation B Soil columns above control provide downward force Minimum 1,354 lbs Minimum 1,354 lbs

Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method 1. Final amount of soil cover over tank? 2. Groundwater position above tank bottom? If the uninterrupted saturated soil outside the tank exceeds the height of the outlet pipe saddle, then do not install dd

Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method 1. Final amount of soil cover over tank? 2. Groundwater position above tank bottom? If the uninterrupted saturated soil outside the tank exceeds the height of the outlet pipe saddle, then do not install dd

Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method 1. Final amount of soil cover over tank? 2. Groundwater position above tank bottom? If the uninterrupted saturated soil outside the tank exceeds the height of the outlet pipe saddle, then do not install dd

NO Buoyancy Control is Required if Soil cover is greater than 12 inches over the top of tank dd

www.infiltratorwater.com dd

Buoyancy Control Methods dd

Snyder/Norwesco Concrete Slab System dd https://www.norwesco.com/_site_components/uploads/pdfs/wwm%20below%20ground/installation%20instructions/counterbuoyancy.pdf

Roth Multi-Tank Buoyancy Calculations dd http://www.roth-usa.com/pdf_download_files/rmt_buoyancy_calc.pdf

Roth Multi-Tank Restraining Collar Design dd http://www.roth-usa.com/pdf_download_files/rmt_buoyancy_calc.pdf

Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method

Parking Bumpers

Spare 24-inch Concrete Tank Lid dd

6 x 6 Pressure- Treated Wood dd

Installation Best Practices

Installation Best Practices Excavation Size Adjust excavation width to accommodate anchors Anchors must be offset from side of tank Additional excavation width required Adjust to allow workers to operate Adhere to OSHA excavation safety requirements

Installation Best Practices Strap Placement Balance straps along tank axis Balanced loading to tank Balance resisting force Uniform connection to buoyancy controls

Installation Best Practices Strap Placement Single Downward Anchor Force Upward Water Pressure Force

Installation Best Practices Strap Placement Multiple Downward Anchor Forces Upward Water Pressure Force

Balanced anchor placement

Installation Best Practices Strap Tightening Establish tight strapping Prevents tank uplift Prevents change to inlet-to-outlet invert drop Prevents breakage of inlet and outlet piping Tighten using ratchet or turnbuckle

Tight straps

Mechanical tightening

Installation Best Practices Strap Capacity Verify strap capacity Determine tank uplift Determine tension in straps Verify that adequate strap safety factor exists Safety Factor = Resisting Force Driving Force 10,000 lb capacity = 5,000 lb uplift = 2.0

Installation Best Practices Anchor Placement Place anchors per manufacturer s instructions Some anchor designs require several feet of soil coverage to function properly Weight of soil cover over anchor resists uplift Weight of anchor is small compared to soil resistance

Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation Best Practices Anchor Placement Installation B Soil columns above control provide downward force

Offset anchor placement Correct anchor placement: offset from tank

Correct anchor placement: offset from tank Improper anchor placement: tucked under tank, so no soil column above anchor

Installation Best Practices Backfilling Backfill between anchors and tank Place backfill around entire tank Work soil into space between tank and anchors Compact soil per manufacturer s instructions

Correct anchor placement: offset from tank Improper anchor placement: tucked under tank no space for backfill placement

How Buried to Use this Tank Information Buoyancy Forces Consider buoyancy for any type of tank material Check the two biggest factors: Soil cover depth over tank Height of water above tank bottom Follow manufacturer installation instructions Make sure buoyant force loses the tug-of-war 1.5 x LARGER THAN UPLIFT

Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Final Exam This buoyancy control design should be effective. A. True B. False

Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces

Presented by David Lentz, P.E. dlentz@infiltratorwater.com www.infiltratorwater.com

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