Appendix M Operations Plan and C&D Waste Sort Photographs KLL1\K:\06S015\Reports\R-C&D Study\10000
Load/Sample Identification At the scale: Operations Plan Trucks enter one of the three SKB Facilities and pull on the in-bound scale. The scale operator will have a paper copy of the sampling plan. The scale operator will determine if the load on the scale is one that should be sampled. If so, the scale operator will notify the driver that the load is to be sampled and where the driver should proceed. The scale operator will mark the load as sampled on the paper copy of the sampling plan and continue to track loads that have been sampled versus those yet to be targeted. The scale operator will radio to either the loader operator or to Ryan O Gara and identify the specific truck approaching that is to be sampled. As the driver approaches the working face, either the loader operator or Ryan will indicate to the driver where to unload Sample Collection At the working face(s): The loader operator or Ryan will instruct drivers with targeted loads to tip in a designated area away from the general working face. The loader operator or Ryan will work with the driver to verify the origin of the targeted load (e.g., construction, demo, roofing, or transfer station) and which company. After confirming that the driver has appropriately tipped in the designated area, the loader operator has collected the required sample, Ryan (or the loader operator) will mark the appropriate load off on the Daily Sampling Plan. Vehicle drivers may be asked to pull forward slightly while discharging their loads. A loader operator will scoop a sample from the discharged load. The intention is that: Samples will average about 300 pounds with a range between about 250 pounds and 350 pounds. The sorting crew will total the sample weights and monitor the weights throughout the process to provide feedback to the loader operator about the relative extent of loader bucket filling to get appropriate size weights for demo versus construction versus transfer station origins. Different samples will be drawn from different locations in the discharged load. For instance, a sample might be drawn from the front right corner of the first targeted load and the middle left of the second targeted load and so on. Loader operators should not deliberately attempt to gather or to avoid any particular waste stream component in collecting the samples. A Foth & Van Dyke team member will work with the loader operator on the first morning to develop specific procedures for tipping and spreading targeted loads, sample collection, and communication about sample identification. K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 1
After the sample has been collected and delivered to the sorting area, remaining waste from the targeted load can be pushed into the Landfill working face. Sample Delivery The loader operator will drive with the sample to the sorting area. The sample will be tipped slowly onto the sorting tables. The loader operator will inform one of Foth & Van Dyke s team members of sample identification data. Sorting and Weighing Sorting Crew Foth & Van Dyke will have four team members on-site at all times to conduct sorting. Representatives from the SWMCB Waste Streams Staff Committee may also participate for part of the sorting process. All sorting crew members will wear: Long pants (mandatory) A long sleeve shirt (mandatory) Closed toe, hard soled shoes (mandatory) A Tyvek coverall (mandatory) Heavy work gloves (mandatory) Eye protection (mandatory) Paper face mask (optional) Sorting and Weighing The Foth & Van Dyke crew leader will record on a Data Record Form the day, date, time, and sample identification information. Sorting crews will sort each sample into the categories noted on the Data Sheet. Containers for each targeted waste stream component will be located around the sorting table. If containers are filled during the process of sorting the sample or when the entire sample has been sorted, each filled container will be weighed on the digital floor scale. The gross weight will be recorded on the Data Record Form by the Foth & Van Dyke crew leader. As the Foth & Van Dyke crew leader weighs containers and records data, other members of the sorting crew will, as appropriate: Bring filled containers to the scale Place each container on the scale Announce the waste stream component in the container Remove the weighed container and empty it in the residue area. All emptied sorting containers will be returned to the same location around the sorting table from which they were taken. K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 2
Residue Disposal After samples have been sorted and weighed, the sorting crews will empty sorting containers either in a roll-off box or to adjacent area of ground to be pushed back to the working face. Safety and Emergency Procedures To reduce the potential for injuries and illness, the crew members must work safely. The Foth & Van Dyke leader s actions should serve as a role model for all participants. The supervisors basic responsibilities with respect to health and safety are to: 1. Prepare working area at site (tables, scale, containers etc.) 2. Determine that conditions are satisfactory for conducting sort (size of crew, sufficient space, precipitation, wind levels, etc.) 3. Conduct safety orientation and job instruction of crew members. 4. Provide and monitor use of personal protective equipment at the sorting site. 5. Direct traffic and monitor heavy equipment entering work area. 6. Develop cooperative safety attitudes among crew members. 7. Provide quality assurance/quality control directions. 8. Remove unidentifiable and potentially hazardous items (with appropriate tools) to safe distance from the working area. 9. Provide leadership and motivation to the crew when necessary. 10. Coordinate activities with appropriate SKB staff. 11. Investigate the causes of all injuries. Potential Hazardous and Safe Work Procedures The following are general descriptions of potential health & safety concerns. Inhalation, Ingestion or Skin Contact with Hazardous Substances The primary potential routes of exposure are through ingestion and inhalation. Ingestion exposures can be controlled through work practices (no eating, drinking, or smoking while sampling, etc.) and good personal hygiene (control of hand to mouth activity while on site). Inhalation exposures can be controlled through the proper operations and use of facemasks (see Personal Protection Equipment section). K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 3
Skin contact with hazardous substances may be controlled by good personal hygiene practices and through the use of Tyvek suits, gloves, shoes, and other personal protective equipment. The eyes are particularly vulnerable to caustic dusts and vapors. Safety glasses should be worn to reduce the potential for eye damage. Wearing contact lenses is discouraged during sorting activities due to potential dust and chemical exposure hazards. Precautions should be taken to ensure that sorters do not generate an unnecessarily high level of dust in the air while sorting. Sorters should be cautioned to not open unidentified containers and expose their eyes, skin or lungs to vapors, dusts or mists. Puncture Wounds by Contaminated Items Waste materials may contain sharp objects that present the potential for puncture wounds. Gloves, proper shoes (no open toed), and protective handling will reduce the likelihood of puncture wounds. Even small cuts must be properly treated to reduce infection. Sorters should not grab or poke into wastes without identifying the items to be contacted. Plastic bags if present, should be ripped open and contents emptied safely. Being Struck by Moving Vehicles Due to the high level of movement of delivery vehicles, the loader, and private vehicles, personnel working on-site should always approach and leave the work area in directions designated for pedestrians. While at the work site, crew members should avoid leaving the sorting area except for breaks, lunches, and visits to the rest rooms. Sample loads are delivered to the sorting area by a front-end loader. The supervisor should personally direct the delivery and ensure that all crew members are at least 10 feet from the equipment and no one is standing on the opposite side of the sorting table from the loader as it deposits the load. Loader operators should be informed in advance to not deliver samples without the assistance of the supervisor unless specific procedures are followed (no crew members around an open sorting table). Sprains and Strains Each sample is targeted to weigh approximately 250 to 350 pounds. Locate the sorting table close to the scale and roll-off box to minimize travel distance. Lifting procedures should be reviewed with crews during safety meetings prior to work. While the basic lifting procedure of keeping the back straight and using the legs was once considered the only correct way to lift; currently acceptable practice indicates that individuals should be allowed to adjust their lifting techniques according to their capabilities. Containers weighing more than 30 pounds may need to be lifted by two people. To avoid tripping and falling, walk carefully in the area, especially carrying the sample containers to the scale and residue area. The ground surface may be a little uneven. K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 4
Heat Stress Exposure to high temperatures is not anticipated during this sorting activity. Exposure to heat may decrease a sorter s ability to maintain normal body chemistry or temperature, and may result in heat cramps, heat exhaustion, or heat stroke. It is important to be able to recognize and treat these conditions. Symptoms of heat stress are: Heat Cramps Symptoms: First Aid: Heat Exhaustion Symptoms: First Aid: Painful spasms in the muscles of the back, abdomen, arms, and legs. The cramps may occur after long exposure to excessive heat, during which the individual sweats a lot and the body loses its fluids and salt. Give the person drinking water and transport to the nearest medical facility for follow-up medical attention. May include fatigue, headache, feelings of nausea and vomiting. Sweating is profuse and clothes are soaked. The skin will be clammy and moist. Mouth temperature may be normal, even below normal. Cool by fanning and/or applying wet cloths. Give drinking water and promptly transport to the nearest medical facility for further attention. Heat Stroke Caution This is the most serious and potentially fatal heat disorder. Heat stroke may not be preceded by heat cramps or heat exhaustion. Symptoms: First Aid: May include dizziness, nausea, severe headache, hot, dry skin because of no sweating, very high body temperature, confusion, collapse, delirium, and coma. Immediate action should include maintaining the airway if the affected person is conscious and cooling down his/her body by whatever means are at hand. Some effective ways to do this include: spraying the person with a water hose, drenching the person with a bucket of water, or wrapping the person in a wet blanket. If possible, place the individual in a cool shower. Prompt transportation to the medical facility is absolutely essential. Remember, speed is critical. K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 5
Prevention of Heat Related Problems Controls that may help prevent heat problems are: Provide an adequate supply of drinking water. Workers should increase water intake, even if not thirsty. Salt tablets should be avoided. Shield workers from the direct sun. Additional breaks may be necessary on hot days. Resting during breaks and lunch should be in cool areas. Instruct workers to notify the on-site supervisor at once if they suspect symptoms of heat stress. Light cotton clothes are better than synthetics for increasing sweat evaporation and thus increasing the cooling effect. Cold Exposure to very cold temperatures is not expected during this activity. Nevertheless, the temperatures could be below freezing for a portion of the time. Crew members will need to dress accordingly for the day in the field. This may include insulated underwear, wool socks, insulated head wear. Leather gloves will be provided for sorting. Noise Noise is not anticipated to be a problem at the SKB sorting location. Inhalation The face masks should be worn during the actual sorting of waste materials. The disposable masks are intended for general types of dusts anticipated during waste sorting projects. Safety and Emergency Additional safety items that may be necessary on-site include: First aid kit Eye wash Clean water, ice water or Gatorade, paper cups Camera to document hazardous materials Safety Orientation Checklist The on-site supervisor is responsible for informing workers of potential work hazards and for taking prudent measures to eliminate hazards where feasible. The Safety Orientation Checklist (attached) should be completed for each member of the sorting crew when he/she begins work. K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 6
Injury Accidents Emergency Procedures All accidents, no matter how small, are to be reported PROMPTLY to the on-site supervisor for evaluation/investigation. The on-site supervisor will determine the seriousness of the injury and the action to be taken, including notification of the SKB Site Representative (for this Project Ryan O Gara). A. Non-Serious Injury Procedures: 1. Prevent further injury and initiate first aid. 2. If the injured worker can be moved without possibly causing additional harm, relocate to a clean area and continue administering first aid until the injury is tended to. 3. If medical treatment is needed, follow SKB procedures to arrange for transport to a hospital. B. Serious Injury Procedures: 1. Contact the SKB Site Representative. Do not move the injured unless conditions make it essential to avoid further injury. If injured person is unconscious, check breathing and heartbeat. Render appropriate first aid or CPR until medical help arrives. Chemical Release or Potential Exposure An accident involving chemical release or potential exposure should be treated as a potentially life threatening situation and the following steps should be taken. A. Notify the SKB Site Representative (Ryan O Gara) B. Follow the SKB Emergency Procedures. K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 7
SWMCB Waste Composition Study Safety Orientation Review Crew Member Name Date This checklist is a guideline for conducting employee safety orientations for individuals who are new to this job. It is intended to help provide safe working conditions for you. Please feel free to ask the supervisor any questions you may have about safety and health concerns on this job. 1. Explain the safety program, including: a. Orientation objective b. On-site health and safety contact (for SKB Ryan O Gara and Foth Jessie Fenno) 2. General overview of the operation and the potential health and safety hazards. a. Personal protective equipment includes Tyveks, gloves, eye wear (contacts discouraged), face mask, vests, & hard hats. b. Moving vehicles (loader and trucks) c. Chemical and biological hazards d. Physical hazards (know what you grab) e. Emergency procedures (first aid) f. No horseplay g. Good housekeeping practices h. Proper lifting techniques i. Smoking, eating, drinking policy (hand to mouth) j. Cautionary comments i. Minimize dust from sorting ii. Unknowns iii. Puncture wounds iv. Overheating v. Hand washing, hygiene vi. Tripping 3. Cleanup 4. Special Circumstances a. Tornado b. Fires c. Lightning Crew Member Signature Date On-Site Supervisor s Signature Date K:\scopes\06S015\Report Appendices PDFs\M - Operations Plan.doc Page 8