Lukas Grygiel THE PATH TO BLACK BELT

Lukas Grygiel THE PATH TO BLACK BELT

INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION... 3 2. CHAMPIONS PRESENTATION... 4 3. THE JOURNEY BEGINS... 8 4. WHAT IS TAEKWON-DO... 14 5. SPIRITUAL CULTURE...16 6. TAEKWON-DO TENETS...17 7. TAEKWON-DO UNIFORM...18 8. THE PHILOSOPHY OF TAEKWON-DO...19 9. ORIGIN OF PATTERNS...19 10. WHY ARE THERE 24 FORMAL PATTERNS IN TAEKWON-DO...19 11. TAEKWON-DO TRAINING...19 12. TRAINING SECRETS... 20 13. POWER THEORY... 20 14. SPORTS COMPETITION... 23 15. RANK SYSTEM... 26 16. STANCES... 27 17. BASIC TECHNIQUES... 34 18. SPARRING... 41 19. EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS... 53 20. EXLEMPLARY EXAM QUESTIONS... 55 21. SINEWAVE STUDY... 58 22. SAJU - JIRUGI... 60 23. SAJU - MAKGI... 66 24. CHON - JI... 75 25. DAN - GUN... 85 26. DO - SAN... 95 27. WON - HYO... 107 28. YUL - GOK... 119 29. JOONG GUN...133 30. TOI - GYE...147 31. HWA - RANG... 161 32. CHOONG - MOO... 173 33. ABOUT BLACK BELT PROJECT... 186 34. MIGHTYFIST... 187 35. BIBLIOGRAPHY... 188

INTRODUCTION Never before have I had so many great competitors in one production; neither book nor application. This is why I am so proud of the manual that you are holding in your hands. All the people who agreed to share their experience on the following pages added a great value to this guidebook. Seven champions from different parts of the world Poland, France, New Zealand, Canada, Argentina and Norway are here for you. To inspire and to teach. To help you on your path Despite what one might think, this book is not only for the beginners - also advanced competitors when reading through The Philosophy, Spiritual Culture and The Tenets can remind themselves what Taekwon-do is really all about. Practicing simple things like cold showers and baths, working out barefoot on the snow, build our perseverance and unwavering attitude towards reaching our goal.we use that approach in the gym, during the tournaments and in our daily life. We practice patterns, we practice techniques and sparring, but when was the last time we took a cold shower, did the social work or climbed a mountain? All these things are important ingredients for becoming the complete Taekwon-do practitioner. Taekwon-do is so much more than just a sport, it is so much more than a martial art. It is truly the way of life and the fundamentals created by the founder contain the wisdom and guidance that should never be forgotten. THANKS: Without the support of Master Tadeusz Loboda and Master Jerzy Jedut Black Belt Project would not developed to what it is now. Thank you very much, you have always been my mentors and the example of people committed to one goal making Taekwon-do great. I want to thank all the outstanding competitors who are in this book: Jaroslaw Suska, Lylian Doulay, Mark Trotter, Maxime Bujold, Soledad Serrano, Marielle and Madeleine Lind, for their professionalism and cooperation. I am honored to have you in this publication and proud to call you my friends. Thank you, Luciano for the extracts of your great book - A day in eternity, I am sure that the descriptions you provided will help us all understand Taekwon-do more deeply. Creating this book made me thinking a lot about the beginning of my path to black belt and I know that I would not go so far without the support of my coach Jacek Wasik. Thank you for inspiring me, supporting and always saving a spot for mein the gym! I am dedicating this book to my Family and Friends who never expected me to choose between my passion and them. ABOUT AUTHOR Lukasz GRYGIEL III DAN Born in 1981 in Czestochowa. He was Polish academic champion in years 2001 2003 (patterns and special techniques). Master of Computer Science, currently specializing insoftware development, web design. Taekwon-do practitioner for over 15 years. Participant of seminars with GM Bos, GM Lan, GM Marano, GM Trajtenberg, Master Jerzy Jedut and others. Since 2012 he has been developing Black Belt Project, creating software, books and mobile applications that help people around the world enhance their Taekwon-do skills. Constantly working on new projects with the best Taekwon-do practioners and instructors such as: Master Tadeusz Loboda VIII DAN (AETF President), Master Jerzy Jedut VIII DAN (AETF General Secretary), Mr. Jaroslaw Suska (multiple world champion) and many others.

Mr. Jaroslaw SUSKA VI DAN Born on 18.10.1972 in Poland and called the best pattern performer ever by a great many authorities, as well as his fans; 6-time World Champion and 20- time European Champion, is a real legend, a very unique person, and an amazing competitor who delights Taekwon-Do practitioners all over the world with his perfectionism. His skills can be admired in a series of educational programs from the Black Belt series available at www. tkd-blackbelt.com His amazing performances, either during the tournaments or at the seminars and camps, always gather round many competitors, coaches, Masters, supporters and spectators alike. We watch this iconic member of the Polish National Team of many years with admiration, respect, and simply enjoy watching him perform patterns or any other taekwon-do technique, and we simply cannot take our eyes off him. This champion is an inspiration and an excellent role model to follow for a plethora of taekwon-do enthusiasts. Those who have had a chance to train at Mr. Suska s session know pretty well that he is really tough, demanding, professional, and very serious from the first minute to the very end of the training session. Jaroslaw Suska VI DAN Mr. Lylian DOULAY VI DAN Born 22 June 1976 near Paris, France. He began his Taekwon-do career on September 1993. He is International Instructor 6th degree and ITF France president. He was European Champion 2014 and World Cup champion 2012-2014. He has been working in the Navy for 18 years. Participant of teninternational Instructors Courses and twointernational Umpire Courses. Winner of many international championships, truly devoted to improving his Taekwon-do skills. Lylian Doulay VI DAN 4 The Path to Black Belt

Mr. Mark TROTTER V DAN Born 18-08-1984 Auckland New Zealand. Mr Trotter has been training Taekwon-Do for 25 years, he started at the age of 5 and was the youngest black belt in Oceania at age 9, a record that still stands today.mark was the fi rst New Zealander to win the World Championships for his country in 2002 Puerto Rico. He is 5 time World Champion and 3 time World Cup champion. Mark Trotter competes in 3 different events, patterns, sparring and traditional sparring. He is the current 2 time World Cup Champion - 2012/2014 for 4th-6th degree Patterns and current 4 time traditional sparring World Champion -2007/2011/2013/2015. He is the most capped competitor from New Zealand competing at 10 world championships and 3 world cups - a great achievement for only 30 years of age. He has also captained the New Zealand team since Canada 2007. Mr Trotter travels and teaches seminars all over the world and loves giving and receiving knowledge about Taekwondo as it has been his life. Mark Trotter V DAN Mr. Maxime BUJOLD IV DAN Maxime Bujold has an interesting resume. He was once a promising young athlete in Taekwon-Do from a small french-speaking town in Eastern Canada. He caught the eyes of many coaches and umpires around the world with displays of great technique and skills. Hard work and dedication led him to become World Champion (2002 - patterns and sparring; 2003 -patterns; 2007 - sparring; 2015 - patterns) and World Cup Champion (2004 - patterns and sparring; 2006 patterns and sparring; 2014 - sparring ) in patterns and sparring. After realizing some of his goals in Taekwon-Do, he made a diffi cult life choice to hang his dobok and pursue his professional ambitions. He completed a Doctor degree in Dental surgery, and helps the citizens of beautiful Quebec City maintain a healthy life and a healthy smile. Now that he is back in the competition scene, he seeks to set an example for the future champions of the ITF by being a leader among his national team and building a friendly and respectful relationship with people involved in our martial art. Maxime Bujold IV DAN The Path to Black Belt 5

Ms. Soledad SERRANO IV DAN Born on 3rdof April, 1985 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. She started training at the age of 5 and has been practicing Taekwon-do for 25 years. INDIVIDUAL WORLD CHAMPION: Puerto Rico 2002; Poland 2003; Germany 2005; Canada 2007; Argentina 2009; New Zealand 2011 TEAM WORLD CHAMPION: Canada 2007; Argentina 2009; New Zealand 2011 BRONZE in WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP - Corea 2000 PANAMERICAN CHAMPION: Paraguay 2004; Brazil 2008 (Overall Best Female Competitor); Argentina 2010 (Overall Best Female Competitor); ARGENTINA MARTIAL ARTIST OVERSTANDING 2008 HALL OF FAME Multiple World Champion 2015 Soledad Serrano IV DAN THE LIND SISTERS Ms. Marielle and Ms. Madeleine Lind» Marielle and Madeleine was born on 30. January 1991 and 31. March 1994 repectively. The sisters started training in 2002 in Bergen Taekwon-Do Club and they were both selected to the Norwegian national team at the age of 15. It was very early obvious that they had special talent for Taekwon- Do and their national and international record is very impressive. Marielle became World Champion in 2015 after several gold medals in the World Cup and medals in many international tournaments. Madeleine also became the World Champion in 2015 which was a fantastic achievement after three straight European Champion titles. In addition to their individual merits they also have a long list of medals in both traditional sparring and team patterns for the Norwegian National team. For those who know them and have had the pleasure of training with them knows that it is their hard work and dedication to the sport, both as instructors for their many junior students and as competitors, that has rewarded them with their accomplishments. Despite their age they are already highly experienced competitors and fantastic role models for any Taekwon-Do students around the world. We look forward to follow them and admire their skills for many years to come. Marielle Lind III DAN Madeleine Lind II DAN 6 The Path to Black Belt

1. THE JOURNEY BEGINS... You stepped on the path that is worth taking. It was the right choice to begin the way to become a Taekwon-do martial artist. Maybe you have just started, got inspired by the black belt holders performance and you are hoping that soon, you too, will be able to amaze your friends, family and the rest of the world with your skills and technique. And that is good it is good to start with the end in mind. But remember, the road doesn t end there... To be honest - it never ends. Being Black Belt is a journey, not a destination. So now we are together on this road, heading towards excellence and perfection. Taekwon-do is a daring adventure that can test you, teach you, give you sense of fulfilment and satisfaction;the joy of victory and lesson from defeat; and confidence that you will take to the other areas of your life: family, school, relationships, business. That is something you can t put a price on! You will meet a lot of people along that road; masters and students following the legacy of General Choi Hong Hi. They will give you inspiration, example and probably a black eye from time to time. I had an incredible luck to meet great personalities on my path, many of them becoming my closest friends, mentors and guides. If I have to choose what is the greatest value from practicing Taekwondo, I would say: meeting remarkable people. It is all ahead of you! Give it a chance dive deep in this world and you won t regret it. And remember: A journey of thousand miles begins with a single step. 8 The Path to Black Belt

18. EXEMPLARY EXAM QUESTIONS 10-9 kup (White belt and white belt with yellow stripe) Why does one need to perform a bow at entrance and exit? The bow is a traditional way of showing respect. This gesture, performed while entering and exiting the training hall, shows one s respect to Taekwon-do, other apprentices and to the place itself, where training are held. What does word Taekwon-do means? In literal translation Taekwon-do means: TAE - foot, striking with legs KWON - fist, striking with hand or fist DO - way According to Choi Hong Hi, Taekwon-do is a fight without weapons, invented for self defense and an art of disciplining the mind by disciplining the body. What is the training hall called? Do-Jang What is the training outfit called? Outfit is called Dobok and it consists of: blouse - Sang, pants - Ha, belt - Ti. Discuss training hall rules. While entering and exiting the hall, one has to perform a bow, avoid unnecessary conversations and keep focused and concentrated; one should not eat, smoke, drink or wear shoes (sporting shoes are permitted only in emergency situations); exercises can not be performed without trainer s permission and all questions and remarks should be directed to trainer before and after training session. Who is the founder of Taekwon-do? General Choi Hong Hi Count from 1 to 10 in Korean. HANA, DUL, SET, NET, DASOT, YOSOT, IL- GOP, YODUL, AHOP, YUL What is the obligatory width of belt, of stripe on a belt, and how many times around a waist it should be tied? Belt should be 5 cm wide and 5 mm thick. Stripe should be 5 mm wide and be placed in 5 cm from belt s end. Belt should be tied only once around a waist, because it symbolizes: - being focused on one, chosen goal - respect and loyalty to one master - victory by one blow Discuss given form movement by movement, answer how many movements it includes and what it symbolizes? 8-7 kup (Yellow belt and yellow belt with green stripe) How is the I to III Dan, IV to VI Dan and VII to VIII Dan instructor called, and how is the master called? I- III Dan Boosabum ( Younger Instructor ) IV- VI Dan Sabum ( Instructor ) VII- VIII Dan Sahyun ( Master ) IX Dan Saseong ( Grand Master ) What is the symbolism of particular belt s colours? Described in chapter Rank System Describe stances: charyot sogi, moa sogi, narani sogi, gunnun sogi, niunja sogi, annun sogi What is the oath of Taekwon-do? 1. I shall observe the tenets of Taekwon-Do, 2. I shall respect my Instructors and Seniors, 3. I shall never misuse Taekwon-Do, 4. I shall be a champion of freedom and justice, 5. I shall build a peaceful world. While performing a pattern, in which direction should one look? When you are performing blow or block, your eyesight should be directed to the direction of your stance. Why one has to do so called wave, while performing Taekwon-do technique? Wave allows you to take full advantage of Taekwon-do technique. While performing it, one gains more impact strength of a technique by using the maximum of the body s weight. Where is the ITF headquarters? ITF headquarters is in Benidorm (Spain). The Path to Black Belt 55

Describe kicks - ap chagi, yop chagi, dollyo chagi Discuss given form movement by movement, answer how many movements it includes and what it symbolizes? 6-5 kup (Green belt and green belt with blue stripe) Name Power Theory factors. Described in Power Theory chapter. Why are there 24 formal patterns in Taekwon-do ITF? Because the day consist of 24 hours. Described in Why there are 24 formal patterns in Taekwon-do ITF chapter. Give the date when Taekwon-do was founded and when International Taekwon-do Federation was established. Term Taekwon-do has been accepted as a name of Korean martial art in 11.04.1955. International Taekwon-do Federation has been established in 22.03.1966. What does Mikulmyo Chagi look like? It is a kick performed with slide on the supporting leg towards the target, without removing foot from the ground. How many color belts grades and how many black belts degrees are there? There are 10 color belt grades and 9 black belt degrees. Why in Taekwon-do do you start from 10 kup and why is 9 Dan the highest degree? The rule of beginning kup grades from 10 to 1 is the ancient Easter tradition. Therefore apprentice had 9 stages to overcome. There are 9 degrees, because number 9 is the multiplier of 3 and itself and number 3 has special meaning in the West. Old Chinese sign meaning number 3 was written with tree horizontal lines. The upper ones means heaven, middle one mortals and the bottom one means earth. Show Ap Joomuk and Dung Joomuk surfaces. Ap Joomuk - Closed fist s frontal surface. Dung Joomuk Back fist. Discuss given form movement by movement, answer how many movements it include and what it symbolize? 4-3 kup (Blue belt and blue belt with red stripe) Show Moa Junbi Sogi A, B, C, D stances and describe the distance between hands and body in each of them. Moa Junbi Sogi A - left hand clasps right hand in front of the nose within about 30 cm. Moa Junbi Sogi B - left hand clasps right hand in front of the bellybutton within about 15 cm. Moja Junbi Sogi C - left hand lays on the right hand in front of the abdomen within about 10 cm. Moja Junbi Sogi D - both fists are at the sides of the body within about 30 cm from thighs. When in Kyocha Sogi the foot is placed in front of the supporting leg, and when behind of it? In Kyocha Sogi we place a foot in front of the supporting leg, when we perform formal pattern along with a step from previous stance; we place a foot behind the supporting leg, when we perform side or half-side technique with a jump from previous technique. How should Sambo Matsogi be performed when there is a large height difference between grades? Taller grades change Gunnun Sogi to Niunja Sogi. How high should the Ap Chagi be performed in the following formal patterns? Do-San Tul - Kaunde Won-Hyo Tul - Najunde Yul-Gok Tul - Najunde Joong-Gun Tul - Najunde Toi-Gae Tul - Kaunde, Najunde Show Ap Palkup Tulgi and Dwit Palkup Tulgi techniques. Ap Palkup Tulgi is a technique of striking forward with an elbow, used in frontal stances. Striking hand s forearm should be arranged horizontally in front of the attacker s chest. Dwit Palkup Tulgi is a technique of striking backward with an elbow, used in frontal stances. 56 The Path to Black Belt

Describe stance: GOJUNG SOGI, SASUN SOGI, KYOCHA SOGI, GUBURYO SOGI, WAEBAL SOGI, DWITBAL SOGI, SOOJIK SOGI Discuss given form movement by movement, answer how many movements it includes and what it symbolizes? 2-1 kup (Red belt and red belt with black stripe) Explain when is Niunja Sogi right and when is it left? Stance is right, when 70% of body mass is supported by the right leg (rear one), and it is left when it is the other way around. Name all striking and blocking surfaces in TKD. Described in BB Basics program. Describe General s autobiography. 9.11.1918 - General s birthday. 1930 - for participating in anti-japanese appearance he was expelled from school. 1937 - he went to study in Japan, secretly trained Taekwon-do and openly trained Karate. 7.12.1941 - he was deployed to Pyongyang outpost in Korea. For organizing an independence movement he was convicted for 7 years in prison (where he trained Taekwon-do). August 1945 - he left prison and made military career. 1948 - he became the main self-defense instructor in elite American Police School, afterward he went to study in USA. 1954 - he systematized techniques, teaching methods and opened Oh Do Kwan school. 1955 - term Taekwon-do has been used officially for the first time and martial art s promotion has began. 1959 - Choi became the president of Korean Takewon-do Union and the deputy of II Tae Gu Army commander. 1963 - Taekwon-do has been introduced during a show held in UNO headquarter and it gained acknowledgment. 22.03.1966 - Seoul-based International Taekwon-do Federation ITF has been established. 1967-71 - was a time when Choi traveled all over the world promoting Taekwon-do. Detailed rules of sport competition have been formulated and the first tournaments have been held. Choi organized training seminars. Describe how many movements are there in particular technique. Described in Patterns section of this book. What does the name of the form symbolize? Chon-Ji - means Heaven - Earth, Dan-Dun - derived from Korea s founder (2333 BC), Do-San - is the pseudonym of Korean patriot, Won-Hyo - is the surname of Buddhist monk who lived in VII century, Yul-Gok - is the pseudonym of the great philosopher and scholar, who was named the Korean Confucius. 38 pattern movements symbolize the place of birth on 38 degree latitude, Joong-Gun - is the name of Korean patriot, who shot Japanese governor. 32 movements symbolize how old he was when he was executed, Toi-Gae - neoconfucius, who was born on 37 degree latitude, Hwa-Rang - is the name of youth unit fighting against invaders. They only used their fists and legs, Choong-Moo - is the name of submarine s originator. Discuss particular form, movement by movement. The Path to Black Belt 57

19. SINEWAVE STUDY The follow is a study of the various speeds in patterns, such as fast and continuous motion, and how we do sinewave. In the beginning, there was only normal, fast and slow motion. Continuous came later, then finally connecting with the publishing of the second edition of the 15 volume Encyclopedia in 1983. There is generally no problem with understanding slow and connecting motion... connecting being two movements in the one sinewave and one breath...like hooking block/punch in Yul-Gok, scooping block/punch in Ge-Baek. But what is the difference between fast and continuous motion? Is it the sine wave? Is it the breathing? Is it the overall speed or time it takes to complete the movements? Is it the interval of time between the two movements? Let s look at these one by one: Sinewave: With the continuous motion in Dun-Gun, General Choi gave very clear instructions to drop down after the low block, then rise up, then down on the rising block. In other words, full sine wave. Down-up-down. In Po- Eun however, every continuous movement is NOT done with full sinewave - the final down of the preceding movement becomes the first down of the next. So there is no clear rule there. There is also the fast motion in Ul-Ji which is just one movement - dropping into x-stance...so how can we make a clear rule to do with sinewave? Then there is fast motion with kicks also - like in Hwa-Rang and Choong- Moo... The ITF Technical Committee also offered this definition of continuous motion and sinewave at the seminar in New Zealand, August 2004: Movements in continuous motion should be completed using full sine wave (down-up-down) unless there are more than 2 movements (eg Po-Eun 6-12, 24-30 and Yoo-Sin 16-19), in which case perform a 2/3 sinewave. Breathing: Both fast and continuous movements call for individual breaths, although the General tended to merge his breaths somewhat on continuous motion. The ITF Technical Committee further explained continuous motion breathing as inhaling only once, then breathing out on each technique as you execute it. (NZ seminar, August 2004). Connecting motion has only one breath. It should be noted (just to confuse things) that there appears to be a mistake in the Encyclopedia. It says in the Theory of Power section that each movement should have one breath except for continuous motion. This I think is an error, as it states in the Training Secret section except on connecting motion. Over-all speed or time taken: Sometimes continuous movements take longer to complete than fast - sometimes the other way around. For example, the two fast motion punches in Do-San are over and done with quicker than the low/ rising blocks in Dan-Gun. Yet in Po-Eun, the continuous motion techniques are completed at a fast rate. Interval between movements: There is a popular view that the difference between normal, fast and continuous is the interval, or gap between the movements. The idea is that two movements performed at normal speed would have a natural count or gap between them, fast has this gap shortened, the continuous has no gap at all. This would fine except that this is not the way fast motion gets performed, either by seniors, Masters or General Choi himself. If you watch, there is no gap at all between the two punches in Do-san for example: as soon as the first is finished you spring straight up into the 2nd almost in a continuous-like motion. General Choi said once: Fast motion is performed with urgency, aggressive. Continuous motion is performed with grace and beauty - it must flow. 58 The Path to Black Belt

So I think then, we have to try and understand what his thoughts were when he introduced the terminology. He had fast motion already - but it didn t adequately describe the flowing, continuous nature by which he wanted certain other movements linked. Continuous movements always involve defence and the idea is to link them smoothly with a nice flow and rhythm. Fast techniques are normally attacks, nearly always punches and kicks (but not always (Yoo Sin 34 35). CONCLUSION Slow motion movement is performed slowly with slow breathing. This is used to emphasize an important movement and to check balance and control. Fast motion urgent and aggressive, normal breathing. Fast motion is nearly always attacks mainly two punches. Short-cut your sinewave spring straight from the first movement into the next. Continuous motion link the movements together with no pause between the end of one movement and the start of the next. Breath in once then out in a continuous flow of air but emphasizing each movement. Try to link the moments smoothly, with grace and beauty. (Continuous movements always start with a block). Connecting motion complete the two movements with one breath and one sinewave. Connecting motion is always with two movements using opposite arms. Sinewave Study This is an analysis of how sinewave is performed in pattern movements in relation to fast, continuous and connecting motion. This is based on watching Gen. Choi and others perform the movement at various seminars over the years. There seems to be 4 ways of moving from one movement on to the next, as listed below: Full sinewave means once the first movement is complete, you then drop your weight down, up, then down again as you complete the next movement (down/ up/down). 2/3 sinewave means completing the first movement, moving straight up then down to complete the next movement (up/ down). 1/3 sinewave means you are already up at the completion of the first movement, so then drop down into the next (down). There is also other terminology used in patterns like - in a quick motion, a releasing motion, in a consecutive kick etc. How is a quick motion different from a fast motion? Releasing motion the General is telling us it is a releasing technique Consecutive kick the General is telling us do not put your foot on the ground after the first kick Quick used for single movements so means do it quickly, as opposed to fast motion, which describes how two or more movements should be performed together. The Path to Black Belt 59

Saju - Jirugi The Path to Black Belt 61

SAJU JIRUGI Movements: 14 This form is practiced by 10 th kup and above Starting position: Narani Junbi Sogi (Parallel Ready Stance) Four direction punch. C Diagram: A B D

Saju - Jirugi Narani Sogi Parallel Ready Stance 1. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the right foot to D forming a right walking stance toward D while executing a middle punch to D with the right fist. 2. Gunnun Sogi Bakat Palmok Najunde Baro Makgi Walking Stance Outer Forearm Low Obverse Block Move the right foot to A forming a left walking stance toward B while executinga low block to B with the left forearm. 3. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the right foot to B forming a right walking stance toward B while executinga middle punch to B with the right fist. 62 The Path to Black Belt

Saju - Jirugi 4. Gunnun Sogi Bakat Palmok Najunde Baro Makgi Walking Stance Outer Forearm Low Obverse Block Move the right foot to D forming a left walking stance toward C while executing a low block to C with the left forearm. 5. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the right foot to C forming a right walking stance toward C while executing a middle punch to C with the right fist. 6. Gunnun Sogi Bakat Palmok Najunde Baro Makgi Walking Stance Outer Forearm Low Obverse Block Move the right foot to B forming a left walking stance toward A while executing a low block to A with the left forearm. 7. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the right foot to A forming a right walking stance toward A while executing a middle punch to A with the right fist. The Path to Black Belt 63

Saju - Jirugi Return to starting position and start again with other leg. 8. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the left foot to D forming a left walking stance toward D while executing a middle punch to D with the left fist. 9. Gunnun Sogi Bakat Palmok Najunde Baro Makgi Walking Stance Outer Forearm Low Obverse Block Move the left foot to A forming a right walking stance toward B while executing a low block to B with the right forearm. 10. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the left foot to B forming a left walking stance toward B while executinga middle punch to B with the left fist. 64 The Path to Black Belt

Saju - Jirugi 11. Gunnun Sogi Bakat Palmok Najunde Baro Makgi Walking Stance Outer Forearm Low Obverse Block Move the left foot to D forming a right walking stance toward C while executing a low block to C with the right forearm. 12. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the left foot to C forming a left walking stance toward C while executing a middle punch to C with the left fist. 13. Gunnun Sogi Bakat Palmok Najunde Baro Makgi Walking Stance Outer Forearm Low Obverse Block Move the left foot to B forming a right walking stance toward A while executing a low block to A with the right forearm. 14. Gunnun Sogi Ap Joomuk Baro Jirugi Walking Stance Front Forefist Middle Obverse Punch Move the left foot to A forming a left walking stance toward A while executing a middle punch to A with the left fist. Bring the left leg back to ready posture (Junbi). END: Bring the left foot back to a ready posture. The Path to Black Belt 65

186 The Path to Black Belt

BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Choi HH., Taekwon-do. The Korean Art of Self-Defence. ITF, New Zealand, 1995. 2. Choi JH., Bryl A., Taekwon-do. Koreańska sztuka samoobrony. SC Iglica, Wrocław., 1990 3. Brzozowski W., Informator Taekwon-do ITF. SFK ZSP, Warszawa 1989 4. Bujak Z., ABC Taekwon-do for beginners. OZTKD Biała Podlaska 1999 5. Kalina M.R., Theory of martial arts, COS. Warszawa 2000. 6. Kalina R.M., Martial arts and self-defense training. PTNKF, Warszawa 1997 7. Łoboda T., Taekwon-do technique, training. Thesis. Biała Podlaska 1991 8. Wąsik J., Grygiel Ł. TAEKWON-DO Basics of traditionaltraining, Częstochowa 2012 9. www.pztkd.lublin.pl All the patterns descriptions come from a great book A day in eternity by Luciano L. Iriarte. It is a historic journey on Korean soil. This book recounts the life of those men and women that created the identity of a nation that fought for independence for thousands of years. From the creation of the nation, through the myth of Dangun, to the painful division of the two Koreas after the second World War. Taekwon-do practitioners will learn about those heroes named at the end of the patterns. Luciano L. Iriarte born in San Isidro, Bs. As., Argentina in 1976. Degree in Communication Sciences. Started Taekwon-do in 1986. Twitter: @lucianoiriarte Facebook: Luciano.Iriarte 188 The Path to Black Belt