Natural Resource Coservatio ad Preservatio Lesso Pla: NRES A1-2 1
Aticipated Problems 1. Why are coservatio ad preservatio importat? 2. What are some importat historic evets ad people associated with wildlife coservatio? 3. What are govermet policies that impact wildlife coservatio? 2
Terms coservatio coservatioist ecology Edagered Species Act exploitatio Lacey Act Migratory Bird Coservatio Act Migratory Bird Hutig Stamp Act 3
Terms Natioal Park Service overexploitatio Pittma-Robertso Act preservatio preservatioist U.S. Forest Service Wildlife Refuge System 4
Coservatio & Preservatio Humas use atural resources to help meet their basic eeds (food, clothig, shelter) This cosumes atural resources. Whe resources are used, supplies are reduced If cosumptio goes uchecked, the availability of the atural resource may be threateed ad eve exhausted. 5
Coservatio The wise use of our atural resources is called coservatio. Necessary to cotiue to meet huma eeds Maitais a stadard of livig to which people are accustomed Reduce, reuse, recycle 6
Coservatioist A perso who studies ad promotes coservatio ad believes that atural resources should be used resposibly is called a coservatioist. 7
Preservatio The choice ot to use our atural resources is called preservatio. Example: Prevetig loggig of a old-growth forest to promote biodiversity rather tha loggig the trees for timber products 8
Preservatioist Someoe who believes i ad promotes preservatio is called a preservatioist. 9
Preservatio Oe situatio might call for coservatio measures, whereas aother might call for preservatio. For example, it is uquestioed that the rich soils that support agricultural productio should be coserved. Also, most people hold the opiio that uique ecosystems should be preserved. 10
Coservig & Preservig 11 Some reasos for coservig ad preservig atural resources seem self-evidet. Most atural resources caot be easily reproduced by humas. (coserve them wisely) Essetial for huma life Necessary to meet the eeds of future geeratios Coservatio of habitats helps preserve biodiversity
Natural Resources Whe the Europeas settled i North America i the 1600s, atural resources were pletiful. Nature provided people with resources to build homes ad clothe ad feed themselves. The geeral feelig was that atural resources were iexhaustible. 12
Exploitatio Evetually, eed tured ito wat, ad may people bega to destroy wildlife for sport rather tha ecessity. This led to exploitatio. Exploitatio is the use of atural resources for profit. 13 Overexploitatio is the overharvestig of a atural resource to a poit of dimiishig returs. Passeger pigeo America biso
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Late 1800s It was t util the late 1800s that people bega to see the eed for coservatio of our atural resources. The Morrill Act was passed i 1862: i order to establish colleges to teach agricultural practices The Yellowstoe Natioal Park was established i 1872: to preserve the atural resources of the area, icludig wildlife 15
People Who Have Impacted Wildlife Coservatio May people have had a impact o the wildlife coservatio movemet over the past few ceturies. Icluded are: Joh James Audubo Joh Muir Theodore Roosevelt Frakli Roosevelt Aldo Leopold Gifford Pichot Hugh Beett Jay Darlig Rachel Carso Gaylord Nelso 16
Joh James Audubo Joh James Audubo (1785 1851) was a bird lover. He watched ad studied birds ad evetually published a book about them. I 1905 the Natioal Audubo Society was formed 17
Joh Muir Joh Muir (1838 1914) was partly resposible for the developmet of the Yellowstoe ad Sequoia Natioal Parks. Through his ecouragemet, Presidet Theodore Roosevelt established these parks. Also resposible for startig the Sierra Club, whose purpose is to promote coservatio. A forest i Califoria was also amed for Muir. 18
Theodore & Frakli Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt (1858 1919) ad Frakli Roosevelt (1882 1945) were both U.S. presidets. Theodore was resposible for passig legislatio to help protect our atural resources ( father of the coservatio movemet. ) Frakli was the presidet who set up the Soil ad Water Coservatio Departmet withi the USDA. 19
Aldo Leopold Aldo Leopold (1886 1948) is oted for applyig ecology to wildlife. Ecology is the study of the iterrelatios betwee livig orgaisms ad their eviromet Leopold believed that people should ejoy ature but ot destroy it i the process. His book Game Maagemet was used to help educate future wildlife biologists. 20
Gifford Pichot Gifford Pichot (1865 1946) authored the book The Fight for Coservatio. Pichot s efforts focused o the coservatio of forests. Oe of the first leaders of what evetually became kow as the U.S. Forest Service. 21
Hugh Beett Hugh Beett (1881 1960) was the first perso to ru the Soil Coservatio Service. Kow as: Father of soil coservatio Promoted the use of scietific ivestigatio i determiig soil eeds. 22
Jay Darlig Jay Darlig (1876 1962) was the desiger of the first migratory bird hutig stamp. Remembered for his cartoos of wildlife ad atural resources. Used his cartoos to make the public aware of the eed for atural resource coservatio. 23
Rachel Carso Rachel Carso (1907 1964) was resposible for makig people aware of the problems caused by pesticides. A biologist ad a writer who authored a book titled Silet Sprig 24
Gaylord Nelso Wiscosi Seator Gaylord Nelso (1916 2005) is credited for creatig Earth Day, which first took place o April 22, 1970. To brig evirometal issues to the forefrot of the atioal ageda Earth Day was a importat precursor to the formatio of the Evirometal Protectio Agecy (EPA). 25
Govermet Policies Federal, state, ad local govermets are all resposible for developig ad carryig out the laws related to wildlife coservatio. Also importat o the iteratioal level The World Wildlife Fud is a iteratioal orgaizatio that raises moey to fud wildlife coservatio. 26
Govermet Policies May laws have bee eacted at the federal level that address the coservatio of wildlife. 27
Natioal Park Service I 1916 the Natioal Park Service was established. The Natioal Park Service is the federal govermet agecy that maages 394 uits i the Natioal Parks System. Some of the uits are 123 historic parks or sites, 74 moumets, 58 atioal parks, 25 battlefields or military parks, 18 preserves, 18 recreatio areas, 10 seashores, 4 parkways, 4 lakeshores, ad 2 reserves. 28
Lacey Act The Lacey Act is the 1900 law resposible for regulatig the shipmet of illegally killed aimals. Also made it illegal to trade protected wildlife o the iteratioal level 29
Migratory Bird Coservatio Act The Migratory Bird Coservatio Act, passed i 1929, was the first step i protectig migratory birds. Provided o moey to help protect the aimals 30
Migratory Bird Hutig Stamp Act The Migratory Bird Hutig Stamp Act, passed i 1934, is a law requirig people plaig to hut migratory birds to buy special stamps. Sice 1934, these stamps have raised $1 billio for the protectio of migratory birds. 31
Pittma-Robertso Act The Pittma-Robertso Act is the 1937 law that raises moey i the form of taxes o hutig equipmet ad ammuitio. The federal govermet collects the taxes ad returs matchig moey to the states. 32
Edagered Species Act The Edagered Species Act, passed i 1966, is a law that has as its purpose the idetificatio ad maagemet of rare, threateed, ad edagered species of wildlife. 33
Wildlife Refuge System The Wildlife Refuge System is a system of wildlife refuges across the Uited States established i 1966. The Wildlife Refuge System is a part of the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. 34
U.S. Forest Service The U.S. Forest Service is the federal agecy that maages the atio s 155 atioal forests ad 20 atioal grasslads, which ecompass 193 millio acres, or 8.5 percet of the total lad area i the Uited States. The public lads maaged by the Forest Service are kow collectively as the Natioal Forest System. 35
U.S. Forest Service Natioal forests are maaged for loggig, farmig, miig, ragelad, oil ad gas extractio, recreatio, hutig, ad fishig. The atural resources o these lads are some of the atio s greatest assets ad have major ecoomic, evirometal, ad social sigificace for all Americas. 36
U.S. Forest Service State ad local govermets are also resposible for wildlife coservatio. Examples iclude: Coductig educatio programs Settig up wildlife sactuaries Maitaiig parks ad zoos 37
Review List three reasos for coservig ad preservig atural resources. What year was The Yellowstoe Natioal Park was established? Why was it established? What 1900 law is resposible for regulatig the shipmet of illegally killed aimals? 38