Grammar Unit 16. Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing)

Grammar Unit 16 Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing)

Agenda Learning Objectives Example Set A - action which started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. Example Set B - action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Example Set C - comparison between present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous. Example Set D - comparison between past continuous and past perfect continuous. Example Set E - verbs that are not normally used in continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 2

Agenda Learning Objectives Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. Example Set B for the action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Example Set C for comparison between present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous. Example Set D for comparison between past continuous and past perfect continuous. Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 3

Learning Objectives Past Perfect continuous ( I had been doing) Is used for action that started and continued up until another time Action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Comparison between Present Perfect continuous and Past Perfect Continuous. Comparison between Past Continuous and Past Perfect Continuous. Verbs that are not used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 4

Example Set A - The action that occurred in the past and continued up until another time in the past. Study this example situation: Yesterday morning I got up and looked out of the window. The sun was shining, but the ground was very wet. It had been raining. It was not raining when I looked out of the window; The sun was shining. But it had been raining before. Past Perfect Continuous 5

Continue.. Had been ing is the past perfect continuous: I/we/you/they He/she/it had (= I d etc.) (= he d etc.) been Doing working Playing etc. Past Perfect Continuous 6

Continue.. Some more examples: When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was untidy and one of them had a black eye. They d been fighting. I was very tired, when I got home. I d been working hard all day. When I went to Madrid a few years ago, I stayed with a friend of mine. She d been living there only a short time but knew the city very well. Past Perfect Continuous 7

Example Set B You can say that something had been happening for a period of time before something else happened: We d been playing tennis for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily. George went to the doctor last Friday. He hadn t been feeling well for some time. Past Perfect Continuous 9

Agenda Learning Objectives Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something happened in the past, Example Set B for the action which occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Example Set C for comparison between Present perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous. Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 10

Example Set C Compare have been ing (present perfect continuous) and had been ing (past perfect continuous): Present perfect continuous past perfect continuous I have been -ing I had been -ing past now past now I hope the bus comes soon. I ve been waiting for 20 minutes. (before now) James is out of breath. He has been running. At last the bus came. I d been waiting for 20 minutes. before the bus came) James was out of breath. He had been running. Past Perfect Continuous 11

Agenda Learning Objectives Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something Example Set B for the action that occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Example Set C for comparison between Past perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous. Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 12

Example Set D Compare was ing (past continuous) and had been ing: It wasn t raining when we went out. The sun was shining. But it had been raining, so the ground was wet. Cathy was sitting in an armchair resting. She was tired because she d been working very hard. Past Perfect Continuous 13

Agenda Learning Objectives Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something happened in the past, Example Set B for the action which occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Example Set C for comparison between Present perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous. Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 14

Example Set E Verbs that are normally not used in the continuous Some verbs (for example, know and like) are not normally used in the continuous: We were good friends. We had known each other for years. (not had been knowing) Past Perfect Continuous 15

Summary Learning Objectives Example Set A for the action which started in the past and continued up until something happened in the past, Example Set B for the action which occurred for a period of time before something else happened. Example Set C for comparison between Present perfect continuous and Past perfect continuous Example Set D for comparison between Past continuous and Past perfect continuous. Example Set E for the verbs that are not normally used in the continuous. Past Perfect Continuous 16