GUIDE LINES FOR MARINE PILOTAGE STANDARDS

GUIDE LINES FOR MARINE PILOTAGE STANDARDS National Maritime Safety Authority 1

GUIDELINES FOR MARINE PILOTAGE STANDARDS 1. PURPOSE OF THESE GUIDELINES. The purpose of these Guidelines is to set Marine Pilot Standards for PNG Conforming to the IMO Resolution A. 960(23) and best International practice. 2. APPLICATION. These Guidelines are to be used pending the finalisation and certification of the (Marine Pilotage) (Amendment) Regulations 2014 Marine Pilot Standards Guidelines PRELIMINARY. 1. INTERPRETATION. In this guidelines, unless the contrary intention appears Act means the Merchant Shipping Act 1975, as amended, except where otherwise indicated; Authority means the National Maritime Safety Authority (NMSA); "boarding ground means a place at which the master of a ship is required to present the ship for the purposes of embarking inward or disembarking a pilot; check passage means a pilotage passage during which an applicant or pilot is assessed by a check pilot on their ability to take pilotage charge of a ship; check pilot means a Class 1 pilot licensed by the General Manager of NMSA to accompany pilots and assess their ability to take pilotage charge of a ship; Competent Pilotage Authority means the Papua New Guinea body that monitors and controls the overall pilotage system; currently the National Maritime Safety Authority, NMSA (the Authority); examiner means a person authorised to conduct examinations and assess applications on behalf of the General Manager; General Manager means the General Manager of the NMSA; harbour limits means the geographical limits of a port as published in the National Gazette; independent external auditor means a maritime classification society recognized by the Authority providing accreditation to maritime organizations, or, an accredited and 2

recognized ISO auditing and certification organization (see Quality System Certification Scheme for recognized organizations) licensed marine pilot means a person holding a current marine pilot s licence, issued by the Authority under Guidelines for Marine Pilotage Standards, that entitles him to be in pilotage charge of a particular type and size of ship in the pilotage area for which it is issued marine pilot means a person who is licensed as a marine pilot under these Standards; marine orders means marine orders issued by the General Manager of NMSA; master in relation to a ship, means a person (other than a person who is acting as the pilot of that ship) having command or charge of that ship; Minister means the Minister for the time being responsible for transport matters; observer passages means a pilotage passage during which an applicant is under training through observation on the navigation bridge of a ship that is under charge of a licensed pilot; physician means a person who holds a current licence to practice medicine issued by the Government under the Medical Registration Act (Chapter No. 398), or by a licencing authority recognised by the Government, and who is knowledgeable about seafaring and is designated and recognized by the Authority to conduct medical examinations for seafarers; pilotage area means an area of the sea, or within a port, determined by the Authority to be nominated as a pilotage area, and whose limits have been published in the National Gazette; pilotage services means services to ships offered by a pilot service provider. Such services may include but are not restricted to: (a) coastal pilotage; (b) sea pilotage (from sea to port or vice versa); (c) shore-based pilotage; (d) river, docking and harbour pilotage. "pilot exempt master" means a person holding a current pilotage exemption certificate, issued by the Authority under the Marine Pilot Standards that entitles him to be in navigational command of a particular ship, or of a ship within a particular class of ship, in the pilotage area in respect of which it is issued pilot licence means a marine pilot s licence issued in accordance with these Standards; pilot service provider means a person or organization registered with the Authority and authorised by the General Manager to provide pilotage services in a particular pilotage area; 3

pilotage charge the time during which the pilot is in charge of the navigation of the ship and has taken the con, or conduct, of the ship from the master; pilotage organisation means the pilotage organisation responsible for pilotage in one or more pilotage areas, duly appointed by the Authority and published in the National Gazette; where no pilotage organisation has been appointed by the Authority, then the Authority is the pilotage organisation ; port limits means the geographical limits of a port as published in the National Gazette; PNG Standards Certificate of Compliance (SCC) means a document issued by the Authority, or an organization or association authorized by the Authority, which states that the pilotage organization and pilot service provider complies with the requirements of the PNG Standards for Maritime Pilotage; Quality System Certification Scheme (QSCS) means a quality certification scheme of an Accredited Certification Body (ACB) at a recognized organization (RO) where: (a) the recognized organization has developed its own internal quality management system; and (b) the system of the recognized organization is in conformity with the requirements laid down by the certifying organization in their Quality Management System ; and (c) the system of the recognized organization is in operation as described in the relevant documents of that organization. Safety and Quality Management System means the combination of elements in the quality management system and the safety management system, where: (a) Quality Management System means an organizational structure, procedures, processes and resources essential for a quality service; (b) Safety Management System means an organizational structure, procedures, processes and resources essential for the implementation of safety, occupational health, security and environmental protection practices. territorial seas means the territorial seas around the coast of PNG as defined in the National Seas Act; and tug observer trip means a trip that trainee pilots must undertake observing operations on the navigating bridge of tugs operating within the relevant port or pilotage area. ABBREVIATIONS ARPA = Automatic Radar Plotting Aid; ECS = Electronic Chart Systems; IMO = International Maritime Organisation; ICS = International Chamber of Shipping; ISM = International Safety Management Code (under SOLAS); ISPS = International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (under SOLAS); LNG = Liquid Natural Gas; LOA = Length Overall; NLS = Noxious Liquid Substances; NMSA = National Maritime Safety Authority; OCIMF = Oil Companies International Marine Forum; 4

PPU = Portable Pilot Units; SMCP = Standard Marine Communication Phrases ULCC = Ultra-Large Crude Carrier; VTS = Vessel Traffic Service; VLCC = Very Large Crude Carrier. PART I PILOT STANDARDS & QUALIFICATIONS 1. MARINE PILOTS 1.1 NATIONAL LEGISLATION CONCERNED WITH PILOTAGE The current laws governing pilotage in PNG are the Merchant Shipping Act (1975), Harbours Act (1963) and Statutory Instrument No. 12 of 2006; Merchant Shipping (Pilotage) Regulation. 1.2 COMPETENT PILOTAGE AUTHORITY The National Maritime Safety Authority has been appointed under the legislation to be the Authority responsible for pilotage in PNG and is the Competent Pilotage Authority. 1.3 CATEGORIES OF MARINE PILOT The Standards incorporate different classifications for marine pilots providing services in pilotage areas in PNG, as follows: (a) CLASS 1 pilots are required for ships carrying Noxious Liquid Substances (NLS) in bulk, crude and petroleum products in bulk, liquefied gas carriers to include LPG and LNG ships, and for any ship greater than 150m LOA; (b) CLASS 2 pilots are required for ships from 70m LOA up to 150m LOA (except ships carrying NLS, Oil Products, Crude and liquefied gas, which remain as Class 1); and (c) CLASS 3 pilots are required for non-exempt ships up to 70m LOA (except ships carrying NLS, Oil Products, Crude and liquefied gas, which remain as Class 1);. Each category of ship will be serviced by pilots having different sea-going qualifications and experience, but the key training components for marine pilots will be the same for all categories. Qualified and experienced applicants who successfully complete the training programme and satisfy other criteria (see Sections 2 and 7) will be licensed as Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 pilots. Unless approved by the Authority due to extenuating circumstances, no pilot applicant shall advance to a higher pilot Class unless the applicant has served previously in a lower pilot Class, and has met the Standards to advance to the next higher pilot Class. (Refer to diagram on Annexes page 1). 1.4 PILOT CLASS REQUIREMENTS ALL CATEGORIES To be issued with a Class 1, Class 2, or Class 3 Pilotage Licence, an applicant must successfully fulfil the following criteria: 5

a) Qualifications; and b) Experience; and c) Training (including Simulator); and d) Observer passages; and e) Check passages; and f) Tug Observer trips; and g) Medical examination; and h) Eyesight examination; and i) Written and Oral examinations. 1.5 CLASS 1 PILOT S LICENCE REQUIREMENTS Qualifications Applicants for a Class 1 licence must hold a valid: (a) Master (Class 1) Certificate of Competency (CoC) issued by the Authority; or (b) Chief Officer (Class 2) Certificate of Competency issued by the Authority together with 1 year of sea service whilst holding the CoC; or (c) equivalent CoC issued by a flag state that is a party to STCW Convention (1978) and Code (1995) and recognised by NMSA through a Certificate of Recognition, with 1 year s sea service whilst holding the CoC. Experience (d) (e) served as an active Class 2 pilot in the relevant PNG port or pilotage area for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months immediately prior to application; or have other recent experience and specialized training that offsets the need to previously acquire recent experience of 12 months duration as a Class 2 pilot. In accepting the experience described in sub-sections 1.7 d) and e), the Authority shall consider the port in which the applicant was licensed, the size and type of ship on which the applicant was conducting pilotage, the use of available tug assist ships, and the under keel clearance of ships and water way. Training, check passages, and competency (f) Applicants having met the qualification and experience requirements shall have successfully participated and passed a training program, endorsed by the Authority, specific to the applicant port and pilotage area. Observer and Check Passages shall have been successfully completed and a written statement supported by logged documentation, from the pilot organizations audit function verifying successful completion of the training and passage checks, shall be made available to the Authority. 1.6 VALIDITY OF A CLASS 1 LICENCE A Class 1 licence will be valid for a period of five (5) years after which the Authority may grant a renewal subject to conditions, if any, as the Authority sees fit. 1.7 CLASS 2 MARINE PILOT S LICENCE REQUIREMENTS 6

Qualification Applicants for a Class 2 licence must hold a valid: (a) Chief Officer (Class 2) Certificate of Competency issued by NMSA together with 1 year of sea service whilst holding the CoC; or (b) equivalent CoC issued by a flag state that is a party to STCW Convention (1978) and Code (1995) and recognised by the Authority through a Certificate of Recognition, with 1 year s sea service whilst holding the CoC. Experience (c) (d) (e) Served as an active Class 3 pilot in the relevant port in PNG or pilotage area for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months, immediately prior to application, or have held a pilot exemption certificate for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months for the relevant port or pilotage area with recent transit experience; or have other recent experience and specialized training that offsets the need to previously secure the experience of 12 months duration as Class 3 pilot. In accepting the experience described in sub-sections 1.9 d) the Authority shall consider the port in which the applicant was licensed, the size and type of ship on which the applicant was conducting pilotage, the use of available tug assist ships, and the under keel clearance of ships and water way. Training, check passages, and competency (f) Applicants having met the qualification and experience requirements shall have successfully participated and passed a training program, endorsed by the Authority, specific to the applicant port and pilotage area. Observer and Check Passages shall have been successfully completed and a written statement supported by logged documentation, from the pilot organizations audit function verifying successful completion of the training and passage checks, shall be made available to the Authority. 1.8 VALIDITY OF A CLASS 2 LICENCE A Class 2 licence will be valid for a period of five (5) years after which the Authority may grant a renewal subject to conditions, if any, as the Authority sees fit. 1.9 CLASS 3 MARINE PILOT S LICENCE REQUIREMENTS Qualification Applicants for a Class 3 licence must hold a valid: (a) Chief Officer (Class 2) Certificate of Competency issued by NMSA together with 1 year of sea service whilst holding the CoC; or 7

(b) equivalent CoC issued by a flag state that is a party to STCW Convention (1978) and Code (1995) and recognised by NMSA through a Certificate of Recognition, with 1 year s sea service whilst holding the CoC. Experience (c) Served as Chief Officer (CoC 2) for the previous 24 months having acquired 12 months of sea service whilst holding the CoC immediately prior to application. Training, Check Passages, and Competency (d) Applicants having met the qualification and experience requirements shall have successfully participated and passed a training program, endorsed by the Authority, specific to the applicant port and pilotage area. Observer and Check Passages shall have been successfully completed, and, a written statement supported by logged documentation, from the pilot organization s audit function, verifying successful completion of the training and passage checks, shall be made available to the Authority. 1.10 MARINE PILOTS CURRENTLY EMPLOYED IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Class 3 Licences will be issued to pilots currently employed as marine pilots in PNG subject to the following conditions: (a) the pilot has been actively engaged during the two year (24 months) period immediately preceding the date on which the application for the licence is received by the General Manager; (b) the pilot has successfully fulfilled the requirements in Section 1.7 (c) the port in which the applicant was licensed, and the size and type of ship on which the applicant was undertaking pilotage, are considered by the General Manager as having provided suitable experience for pilotage of Category 3 ships in PNG. 1.11 VALIDITY OF A CLASS 3 LICENCE A Class 3 licence will be valid for a period of five (5) years after which the Authority may grant a renewal subject to conditions, if any, as the Authority sees fit. 1.12 APPLICATION FOR ISSUE OF A MARINE PILOT S LICENCE Applicants shall provide the following documents to the Authority with their application for issue of a Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 licence: (a) a completed application form; (b) certified copy of their Certificate of Competency and/or Pilot Exemption Certificate(s) (where appropriate); (c) a certificate of medical fitness; (d) a certificate of visual fitness; (e) verification of port or pilotage area office(s) visits; (f) verification of observer trips on tugs; (g) copies of short course Certificates of Proficiency; (h) verification of observer passages with a supervisory pilot; (i) verification of check passages with a check pilot; (j) two (2) passport sized photographs signed on the reverse; and (k) the appropriate fee. 8

2. STANDARDS FOR ALL CATEGORIES OF MARINE PILOT LICENCES 2.1 APPLICATION OF STANDARDS The Standards outlined in this Section apply to applicants for all Categories of marine pilot licences. 2.2 STANDARD OF ENGLISH Applicants shall demonstrate the ability to speak English to a standard that will enable them to undertake the duties and responsibilities of a marine pilot safely. 2.3 PRACTICAL TRAINING Suitably qualified and experienced applicants for all Categories of Marine Pilot s Licence shall complete the following practical training: (a) observer passages required by Section 2.8; (b) tug observer trips and port office familiarisation required by Sections 2.12 and 2.13; (c) an oral examination required by Section 2.14; (d) Check passages as required by Section 2.17. 2.4 COMPULSORY SHORT COURSES FOR APPLICANTS NEW TO PILOTAGE Applicants, other than applicants under Section 1.13, shall have completed short courses acceptable to the General Manager in the following subject matters within the five years (5 years) immediately prior to the date of application: (a) Bridge resource management (BRM); (b) Ship-handling simulation; (c) Radar and ARPA simulation including blind pilotage; and (d) Electronic Chart System (ECS) training. 2.5 COMPULSORY SHORT COURSES FOR SERVING PILOTS Applicants under Sections 1.12 shall have completed the following short courses within 5 years prior to the date of their application: (a) Bridge resource management (BRM); (b) Ship-handling simulation; (c) Radar and ARPA simulation including blind pilotage; and (d) Electronic Chart System (ECS) training. 2.6 CLASS SPECIFIC SHORT COURSES All applicants shall complete training acceptable to the General Manager in the specific skills appropriate to the class of licence, pilotage area, port, ship or conditions for which the licence is sought, or as required by the General Manager. This may include, but is not limited to: (a) Handling of specialist types of ships, namely; (i) Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) tankers; (ii) Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC) tankers; (iii) Ultra Large Crude Carrier ULCC) tankers; (iv) Large Bulk Carriers; (v) Bulk Vehicle Carriers; and (vi) Container Ships. (b) Navigation of deep draft ships and assessment of under keel clearance 9

2.7 TRAINING RECORDS Applicants must ensure that their permanent record of each element of training undertaken is maintained and duly signed off by the trainer (or other relevant person), to be presented to the Authority with their application, prior to the issue of a marine pilot licence. 2.8 OBSERVER PASSAGES To be granted a licence an applicant must complete at least 18 observer passages inwards and 15 observer passages outwards, of which at least 6 trips inwards and 5 trips outwards shall be during the hours of darkness (where appropriate). Such observer passages shall be specific for the port or pilotage area for which the licence is required. 2.9 OBSERVER PASSAGE GENERAL INSTRUCTION While completing observer passages applicants shall receive instruction from a competent person in the topics outlined below: (a) port regulations and other pilotage area statutory requirements; (b) local shipping operations; (c) passage planning in pilotage waters; (d) limits of the port, pilotage areas and compulsory pilotage areas, where applicable; (e) names of channels, berths, shoals, headlands and prominent points in the pilotage area; (i) minimum depths in channels and alongside berths; (ii) all aids to navigation, leads, lights and day-marks with their descriptions; (iii) tidal streams and currents; (iv) weather, wave and tide height data availability; (v) reporting stations during the course of the pilotage (as appropriate); (vi) positions of submarine cables and pipelines; (vii) prohibited areas of anchoring, restricted areas, shoals and other dangers; (viii) the emergency response capabilities of the ports; (f) use of current technology and navigating bridge equipment; (g) practical and theoretical training in ship-handling, including simulator training; and (h) local and general maritime safety, including wave/swell patterns inside and outside the port, pilotage area or reef; 2.10 OBSERVER PASSAGE LEGISLATION INSTRUCTION Wherever possible during observer passages applicants for a licence will receive instruction from a competent person in the application, where appropriate, of international, national and local legislation concerning navigational safety and pollution prevention, including, but not limited to: (a) the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG 1972); (b) International Convention on Load Lines, 1966 (Load Lines 1966) 10

(c) International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended (SOLAS 1974); (d) International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 (MARPOL, 1973); (e) International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as amended (STCW 1978); (f) International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems, 2001 (Anti-fouling); (g) International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' (h) Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004 (Ballast Convention); International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 (Bunkers Convention); (i) International Convention on Salvage, (SALVAGE 1989); (j) International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, (SAR 1979); (k) International Convention on the Arrest of Ships, (ARREST 1999); (l) the PNG Merchant Shipping Act 1975, as amended; (m) the PNG Harbours Act 1963 (CHAPTER 240), as amended; (n) the Marine Pollution (Ballast Water Control) Act & Regulation 2013 on gazettal; (o) the Marine Pollution (Liability & Cost Recovery) Act & Regulation 2013 (p) (q) (r) on gazettal; the Marine Pollution (Preparedness & Response) Act 2013 on gazettal; the Marine Pollution (Sea Dumping) Act and Regulation 2013 on gazettal; the Marine Pollution (Ships & Installations) Act and Regulation 2013 on gazettal; (s) the PNG Merchant Shipping (Safety) Regulation 2006; (t) the PNG Merchant Shipping (Pilotage) Regulation 2006; (u) the PNG Merchant Shipping (Dangerous Goods) Regulation 2007; (v) (w) the PNG Ports (Management and Safety) Regulation 2010; and the PNG Marine Pilot Standards and the PNG Standard for Maritime Pilot Organizations. 2.11 OBSERVER PASSAGE SPECIFIC PILOTAGE INSTRUCTION Wherever possible during observer passages applicants for a licence will receive instruction from a competent person concerning: (a) course and distances between main navigational marks; (b) characteristics of lights and radar beacons; (c) vessel traffic service, (management system, VTS: not yet in PNG); (d) radio navigational warnings, marine orders, Notices to Mariners and Circular Letters to Ship owners; (e) use of tugs, their propulsion, manoeuvring characteristics and limitations; (f) characteristics of the ship types expected to be piloted including advantages or limitations of ship propulsion and steering systems; (g) factors affecting the safe-handling of ships including squat, interaction due to water depth, and ship motion due to waves; (h) under-keel clearance limits including applicable standards and protocols; (i) general set, rise and duration of tides including factors affecting the predictions of tidal heights; and (j) areas frequently used for recreational boating and water sports. 11

2.12 TUG OBSERVER TRIPS Trainee pilots must observe on the navigating bridge of tugs operating within the relevant port or pilotage area for not less than ten (10) hours; 2.13 FAMILIARISATION AT THE PORT OFFICE Trainee pilots must spend a short period at the relevant port office(s) to be instructed and familiarised with the standard operational procedures, and emergency operational procedures in the relevant port or pilotage area. 2.14 ORAL EXAMINATION Applicants must successfully pass an oral examination by an examiner appointed by the General Manager in order to be granted a licence and must satisfy the examiner that they have a thorough understanding of all areas in the syllabus, as follows: (a) all lights, buoys, headlands, channels, sounding, shoals, tides, currents and other marks, features and prominent points connected with or incidental to the navigation of the port or pilotage area for which they are making application for a pilot s licence; (b) operational procedures including bridge resource management and passage planning; (c) relevant port rules and regulations including Port Operations Manager (Harbour-master) directions; (d) the correct procedures for radio communications; (e) the availability and proper use of towage facilities, particularly for tankers and deep draught ships; (f) environmental management; (g) (h) Port State Control priorities; and the different responsibilities of the National Maritime Safety Authority (NMSA), the PNG Ports Corporation Limited (PNGPCL), and the Department of Transport (DOT), Marine Transport Division, especially in respect of the: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) ISM Code implementation; ISPS Code implementation; Tokyo MOU; Flag State Control Inspections; and Port State Control Inspections. 2.15 ADDITIONAL EXPERIENCE OR PRACTICAL TRAINING REQUIRED If the examiner considers that an applicant who has passed the examination requires additional experience (or practical training under Sections 2.3, 2.4 or 2.5 and 2.6) before being granted a licence, this shall be reported to the General Manager. The report shall recommend the requirements which, when met, would enable the applicant to be granted a licence. 2.16 AUTHORITY TO DECIDE ADDITIONAL EXPERIENCE OR PRACTICAL TRAINING 12

The Authority shall determine if the applicant requires additional experience or practical training and if so advise the applicant what experience or practical training is necessary and specify the time period within which it must be acquired. 2.17 CHECK PASSAGES To be granted a licence an applicant must complete the check passages specific to the port or pilotage area in which the licence is required, and (a) such check passages shall only be undertaken after completion of all other specified requirements for the issue of a licence; (b) applicants must initially complete 4 check passages in the waters of the relevant port or pilotage area, where they will perform pilotage of the ship under the supervision of a check pilot. These trips shall be on ships of the size and Class for which the application is being made; and shall include the completion of one (1) inward trip and one (1) outward trip in daylight hours and completion of one(1) inward trip and one (1) outward trip in the hours of darkness (where applicable); and (c) for continuity marine pilots must undertake one (1) inward trip and one (1) outward trip at the time of their annual in-service check passages (Section 4.1). 3. GENERAL MARINE PILOT CONDITIONS 3.1 COMPLIANCE WITH CONDITIONS All marine pilots must observe the following conditions of these Marine Pilot Standards: (a) the limits of their licence in terms of size and type of ship and port or pilotage area for which they are licensed; (b) continuing medical standards; (c) continuing eyesight standards; (d) continuing service and frequency requirements; and (e) all operational requirements. 3.2 ACTION IN THE EVENT OF NON-COMPLIANCE If there is non-compliance with any of these conditions the General Manager may: (a) reprimand the pilot; (b) suspend or cancel the licence; or (c) impose conditions or restrictions on the licence. 4. CONTINUING SERVICE REQUIREMENTS 4.1 IN-SERVICE CHECK PASSAGES A pilot shall successfully complete one (1) check passage inward and one (1) outward on each annual anniversary of the date of licence issue. The check passages shall be completed within six (6) weeks prior to, or following, the anniversary date except in the final year of the licence validity when the check 13

passage must be completed in the six (6) weeks immediately prior to the licence expiry. A report of this last check passage shall be sent to the Authority as part of the assessment for extension of the licence. 4.2 CHECK PASSAGES DUE TO ABSENCE FROM DUTY If a pilot has been absent from duty for over three (3) months or has not performed any pilotage act during the same period he shall be required to complete successfully one (1) check passage inward, and one (1) check passage outward, for the port or pilotage area to which the licence applies. 4.3 CHECK PASSAGES DUE TO EXTENDED ABSENCE Any pilot absent from duty for over twelve (12) months, or who has not performed any pilotage act during the same period, shall have his licence reviewed by the Authority who may; (a) cancel the licence; or (b) suspend the licence, and be subject to conditions imposed by the General Manager prior to consideration for re-instatement of the licence; or (c) require that the pilot is subject to further training, or subject to any of the General Conditions of service under Section 3.1, as specified by the General Manager. 4.4 NON-COMPLIANCE WITH CONDITIONS Non-compliance with (a) conditions imposed under Section 4.3 b) shall result in suspension of the licence until conditions have been fulfilled; or (b) the content of Section 4.3 c) shall result in suspension of the licence until any deficiency has been rectified. 4.5 EFFECT OF MAJOR NAVIGATIONAL ALTERATIONS TO A PILOTAGE Where in the opinion of the General Manager major alterations have been made to the navigation of a port or pilotage area, pilots licensed for that port or pilotage area shall undergo further training and experience to gain familiarity with the new conditions as required by the General Manager. 5. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS 5.1 PASSAGE PLANS A pilot shall: (a) provide a passage plan for each and every forthcoming pilotage that addresses port protocols for under-keel clearance (where appropriate) and is discussed and agreed with the master of the ship; (b) comply with the rules, regulations and directions for pilots currently in use at the port or pilotage area; (c) use their utmost care and diligence in piloting a ship of which they have pilotage charge; (d) promptly obey and execute all: (i) lawful directions issued by the General Manager or the Authority; (ii) port regulations; 14

(iii) Port Operations Manager s (Harbour-master s) directions; and (iv) marine orders (where appropriate); and (v) prevent, by all reasonable means in their power, any violation of these rules and regulations by any ship of which they have pilotage charge. 5.2 SELF-DISCIPLINE OF PILOTS A pilot shall: (a) not take pilotage charge of any ship unless he/she has a blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0 grams per 100 millilitres of blood; (b) notify the pilotage organization for the port or pilotage area for which they are licensed if they maintain an unsatisfactory standard of fitness for duty for a period in excess of twenty eight (28) days. The pilotage organization may investigate the matter at a hearing where both the pilot and the pilotage organization are represented. (c) decline pilotage of any ship which based on reasonable grounds is believed to be unsafe and likely to endanger any person or threaten to cause any marine pollution. The pilot shall report their action and reason(s) to the pilotage organization and the Port Operations Manager (Harbour-master). (d) inform the pilotage organization of the port or pilotage area for which they are licensed if there is any potential conflict of interest. The pilotage organization shall report such potential conflict to the General Manager, who shall decide whether such conflict exists. 5.3 REPORTING OF INCIDENTS WHILST IN PILOTAGE CHARGE OF A SHIP A pilot who has pilotage charge of any ship that: (a) sustains or causes damage; (b) meets with any accident; (c) loses an anchor or cable; (d) becomes stranded; (e) becomes disabled for any reason; or (f) becomes involved in any incident, including a close quarters situation, which: (i) endangers the ship; (ii) endangers any persons aboard; (iii) endangers any other ship; (iv) endangers any other person; or (v) threatens the environment; shall provide a verbal report to the Port Operations Manager (Harbour-master) immediately and within forty eight (48) hours submit a full written report to the pilotage organization and the Authority as required by PART VI. SHIPPING CASUALTIES, INQUIRIES AND INVESTIGATIONS Section 164 Reporting of casualties and incidents of the Merchant Shipping Act 1975, and countersigned by the master of the ship. 5.4 ACCIDENTS OR INCIDENT INVESTIGATION BY PILOTAGE ORGANIZATION The pilotage organization shall investigate the causes of all accidents or incidents concerning pilotage under their supervision and make a report to the Authority. 15

5.5 INVESTIGATION OF ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS BY THE AUTHORITY The Authority, through the General Manager, may instigate an investigation into the causes of the accident or incident in accordance with Sections 165, 166 or 207 and 208 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1975. 6. RENEWAL 6.1 GENERAL To renew a licence for a five (5) year validity period from the date of renewal, a pilot must successfully fulfil the following requirements of these Standards; (a) (b) comply with all on-going conditions outlined in Section 4; and undertake refresher training as determined by the pilotage organization in agreement with the Authority. 6.2 APPLICATION FOR THE RENEWAL OF A LICENCE Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 Licences A pilot shall provide the following documents with their application for renewal of their licence: (a) completed application form; (b) verification of port or pilotage area office(s) visits; (c) verification of tug observer trips (where required); (d) verification of other training (where required); (e) two (2) passport sized photographs signed on the reverse; and (f) the appropriate fee. 6.3 CONDITIONS OF CONTINUITY A Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 marine pilot shall provide the following documents during the five year period of validity of the licence: (a) certificate of medical fitness required by Section 1.15 c); (b) certificate of visual fitness required by Section 1.15 d); (c) verification of check passages required by Section 2.17 7. TRAINING AND LICENCING OF MARINE PILOTS, 7.1 TRAINING AND LICENCING STANDARDS The Authority is responsible to enforce these Standards to ensure that they are being followed throughout all pilotage areas. These training Standards are considered sufficient to enable pilots to carry out their duties safely and efficiently. 7.2 TRAINING STANDARDS Standards for initial training are designed to develop in the trainee pilot the skills and knowledge determined by the Authority to be necessary for obtaining a pilot licence. Such training includes practical experience gained under the close supervision of experienced pilots. 16

Practical experience gained on ships under actual piloting conditions is to be supplemented by simulation, both computer and manned model (wherever possible), classroom instruction, or other training methods. 7.3 BRIDGE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (BRM) Every pilot shall be trained in bridge resource management (BRM) with emphasis on the exchange of information that is essential for a safe transit. This training includes requirement for the pilot to assess particular situations and to conduct an exchange of information with the master and/or officer in charge of the navigational watch. Maintaining an effective working relationship between the pilot and the bridge team in both routine and emergency conditions shall be covered in the training. Emergency conditions including loss of steering, loss of propulsion, and failures of radar, vital systems and automation, in a narrow channel or fairway shall all be in the training syllabus. 7.4 MASTER/PILOT INFORMATION EXCHANGE Initial and continuous training in the master/pilot information exchange covers: (a) regulatory requirements governing the exchange; (b) recognition of language, cultural, psychological and physiological impediments to effective communication and interaction and techniques for overcoming these impediments; and (c) best practices in the specific pilotage area. 7.5 UPDATING AND REFRESHER TRAINING Pilotage organizations are required to provide updating and refresher training for licensed pilots to ensure the continuation of their proficiency and updating of their knowledge, and shall include the following: (a) courses to improve proficiency in the English language, where necessary; (b) sessions to improve the ability to communicate with local authorities and other ships in the area; (c) meetings with local authorities and other responsible agencies to envisage emergency situations and contingency plans; (d) refresher or renewal courses in bridge resource management for pilots to facilitate communication and information exchange between the pilot and the master and to increase efficiency on the bridge. (e) simulation exercises, which may include radar training and emergency ship-handling procedures; (f) courses at ship-handling training centres using manned models, where possible (not currently available in PNG); (g) seminars on new bridge equipment with special regard to navigation aids; (h) sessions to discuss relevant issues connected with the pilotage service including laws, rules and regulations particular to the pilotage area; (i) personal safety training; (j) (k) techniques for personal survival at sea; and emergency first aid, including cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and hypothermia remediation. 7.6 CONTINUED PROFICIENCY 17

To ensure continued proficiency of pilots and updating of their knowledge, the pilotage organization shall satisfy itself through application of the requirements of Sections 4 and 7.5, and at regular intervals not exceeding five years, that all pilots under its jurisdiction: (a) continue to possess recent navigational knowledge of the pilotage area to which the licence applies; (b) (c) continue to meet the medical fitness standards of the Schedules; and possess knowledge of the current international, national and local laws, regulations and other requirements and provisions relevant to the pilotage area and the pilot s duties. Possession of knowledge required by sub-sections 7.6 a) and 7.6 c) may be proved by an appropriate method such as personal service records, completion of continuing professional development courses or by an examination. 7.7 ABSENCE FROM DUTY Where a pilot has been absent from duty, for whatever reason, and is lacking recent experience in the pilotage area, the pilotage organization shall satisfy itself that the pilot regains familiarity with the area on their return to duty, and report accordingly to the Authority. 7.8 SYLLABUS FOR PILOTAGE LICENCING In IMO Resolution A.960(23) syllabus, area means the pilotage area or port for which the applicant is to be licensed. Within the IMO Resolution these subjects are covered in both the sections on Skills and Functions as well as the section on the proposed alternative training for trainee pilots. Each applicant for a pilot licence shall demonstrate that they have necessary knowledge of the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) limits of the local pilotage area; International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 as amended, and also such other national and local navigational safety and pollution prevention rules as may apply in the area; system of buoyage (where applicable) in the area; characteristics of the lights and their angles of visibility and the fog signals, beacons and radio beacons and other electronic aids in use in the area; (e) names, positions and characteristics of any buoys, beacons, structures and other navigational marks in the area; (f) names and characteristics of the channels, shoals, headlands and points; (g) port equipment overhang and similar obstruction limitations including air draughts, where applicable; (h) depths of water throughout the area; tidal effects and similar factors; (i) general set, rate, rise and duration of the tides and use of the tide tables and real-time and current data systems, if available, for the area; (j) proper courses and distances in the area; (k) anchorages in the area; (l) ship-handling for piloting, anchoring, berthing and un-berthing; manoeuvring with and without tugs, and emergency situations; (m) communications and availability of navigational information; 18

(n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (u) (v) (w) (x) (y) (z) (aa) (bb) (cc) systems of radio navigational warning broadcasts in the area and the type of information likely to be included; traffic separation schemes, vessel traffic services and similar vessel management systems in the area, (not yet in PNG); bridge equipment and navigational aids; use of radar, electronic chart systems, (ECS) and other electronic devices; fully understanding their limitations and capabilities as navigation and collision avoidance aids; use of Portable Pilotage Units (PPU s) (not yet in PNG); manoeuvring behaviour of the types and categories of ships to be piloted and the limitations imposed by particular propulsion and steering systems; factors affecting ship performance such as wind, current, tide, channel configuration, water depth, bottom, river bank and ship interaction (including squat); use and limitations of various types of tugs; the English language to a standard adequate to enable the pilot to express communications clearly; IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP); IMO Code for the investigation of marine casualties and incidents; Master-Pilot Relationship, Pilot Card, operational procedures; pollution prevention; emergency and contingency plans for the area; safe embarking and disembarking procedures; and other relevant knowledge considered necessary by the Authority or the pilotage organization. 8. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES FOR MARINE PILOTS 8.1 GENARAL Efficient pilotage depends, among other things, upon the effectiveness of the communications and information exchanges between the pilot, the master and the bridge personnel and upon the mutual understanding each has for the functions and duties of the other. Establishment of effective co-ordination between the pilot, the master and the bridge personnel, taking due account of the ship s systems and equipment available to the pilot, will aid a safe and efficient passage. 8.2 DUTIES OF MASTER, BRIDGE OFFICERS AND MARINE PILOT Despite the duties and obligations of a pilot, the pilot s presence on board does not relieve the master or officer in charge of the navigational watch from their duties and obligations for the safety of the ship. It is important that, upon the pilot boarding the ship and before the pilotage commences that the pilot, the master and the bridge personnel are all aware of their respective roles in the safe passage of the ship. 19

The master, bridge officers and pilot share a responsibility for good communications and understanding of each other s role for the safe conduct of the ship in pilotage waters. Masters and bridge officers have a duty to support the pilot and to ensure that the pilot s actions are monitored at all times. 8.3 PILOT BOARDING GROUND The Authority (NMSA) establishes, in consultation with the pilotage organization, and promulgates the location of safe pilot embarkation (boarding ground) and disembarkation grounds. The pilot boarding ground shall be at a sufficient distance from the start of the act of pilotage to allow safe boarding conditions. The pilot boarding ground shall be situated at a place allowing for sufficient time and sea room to meet the requirements of the master pilot information exchange (see Sections 8.8 to 8,12). 8.4 PROCEDURES FOR REQUESTING PILOT The pilotage organization shall establish, promulgate and maintain procedures for requesting a pilot for an inbound or outbound ship, or for shifting a ship within a pilotage area. 8.5 ETA AND ETD TO BE NOTIFIED Human resources and technical means have to be planned well in advance, so to enable the operation of an efficient pilotage service, and to conform to ISPS regulations, information on the Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) or Estimated Time of Departure (ETD) shall be furnished by the ship to the port or pilotage area (as appropriate) and to NMSA, as early as possible, with frequent updates, and in conformity with the ISPS Code. 8.6 COMMUNICATION BY VHF On approaching a port or pilotage area, communication by VHF shall be established as soon as possible to enable the master to confirm the ship s ETA and the pilotage organization (Pilot Station/Port Operations Manager/Harbourmaster) to furnish relevant information regarding pilot boarding. 8.7 Ship to pilot station contact and information exchange The initial ETA message to the Pilot Station/Port Operations Manager/Harbourmaster shall include all the information required by regulations, including: (a) ship s name, call sign, ship s agent; (b) ship s characteristics: length, beam, draught, air draught (where relevant), speed, thruster (s); (c) date and time expected at the pilot boarding ground; (d) destination, berth (if required, side alongside); and (e) other relevant requirements and information. 8.8 MASTER/PILOT INFORMATION EXCHANGE 20

The master and the pilot shall exchange information regarding navigational procedures, local conditions and rules and the ship s characteristics. This information exchange should be a continuous process that is generally on-going for the duration of the pilotage. Each pilotage assignment shall begin with an information exchange between the pilot and the master. The amount and subject matter of the information to be exchanged shall be determined by the specific navigation demands of the pilotage operation. Additional information can be exchanged as the operation proceeds. Each pilotage organization shall develop a standard exchange of information practice, taking into account regulatory requirements and best practices in the pilotage area. Pilots should consider using an information card, form, checklist or other memory aid (such as PPU s: not yet in use in PNG) to ensure that essential exchange items are covered. If an information card or standard form is used by pilots, regarding the anticipated passage, the layout of such a card or form should be easy to understand. The card or form shall supplement and assist, not substitute for, the verbal information exchange. This exchange of information should include at least: (a) presentation of a completed standard Pilot Card. In addition, information shall be provided on rate of turn at different speeds, turning circles, stopping distances and, if available, other appropriate data; (b) general agreement on plans and procedures, including contingency plans, for the anticipated passage; (c) discussion of any special conditions such as weather, depth of water, tidal currents and marine traffic that may be expected during the passage; (d) discussion of any unusual ship-handling characteristics, machinery difficulties, navigational equipment problems or crew limitations that could affect the operation, handling or safe manoeuvring of the ship; (e) information on berthing arrangements; use, characteristics and number of tugs; mooring boats and other external facilities; (f) information on mooring arrangements; and (g) confirmation of the language to be used on the bridge and with external parties. 8.9 PASSAGE PLAN AS INDICATION OF PREFERRED INTENTION It should be clearly understood that any passage plan is solely a basic indication of preferred intention and both the pilot and the master should be prepared to change the original plan if circumstances change. 8.10 MASTERS VOYAGE PLANNING RESPONSIBILITIES Pilots and pilotage authorities, organizations and associations should be aware of the voyage planning responsibilities of masters under applicable IMO instruments. 8.11 COMMUNICATIONS LANGUAGE 21

Pilots shall be familiar with the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) and use them in appropriate situations during radio-communications as well as during verbal exchanges on the bridge. This will enable the master and officer in charge of the navigational watch to better understand communications and their intent. Communications on board between the pilot and bridge watch keeping personnel should be conducted in the English language (or in a language other than English that is common to all those involved in the operation). When a pilot is communicating to parties external to the ship, such as vessel traffic services, tugs or linesmen and the pilot is unable to communicate in the English language or a language that can be understood on the bridge, the pilot shall, as soon as practicable, explain what was said to enable the bridge personnel to monitor any subsequent actions taken by those external parties. 8.12 REPORTING INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS When performing pilotage duties, the pilot shall report or cause to be reported to the port or pilotage organization and the Authority anything observed that may affect safety of navigation or pollution prevention. In particular, the pilot shall report, as soon as practicable, any accident (see Sections 5.3 and 12.3 e)) that may have occurred to the ship under pilotage charge and any irregularities with navigational lights, shapes and signals. 8.13 REFUSAL OF PILOTAGE SERVICES Pilots have the right to refuse pilotage when, in their professional opinion, the ship to be piloted poses a danger to the safety of navigation or to the environment. Any refusal, together with the reason, shall immediately be reported to the Authority and the pilotage organization for appropriate action (see Section 12.3 f)). 8.14 MENTALLY FIT FOR DUTY Pilots shall be adequately rested and mentally alert in order to provide undivided attention to pilotage duties for the duration of the passage. STANDARDS FOR PNG MARINE PILOT EXEMPTION CERTIFICATES 9. PNG MARINE PILOT EXEMPTION CERTIFICATE STANDARDS 9.1 PRELIMINARY This Section applies only to masters of PNG Registered ships and outlines the requirements and conditions of the Standards to be satisfied in order to achieve a marine pilot exemption certificate. It refers and applies to an applicant for a marine pilot exemption certificate to become a pilot exempt master operating in a particular PNG pilotage area. This Section also specifies the required elements of training for a marine pilot exemption certificate. The requirements of these Standards may be varied by the 22