on THE PALM ISLAND - DUBAI Seminar No: 6 By SIRAJ BASHEER (16C4)
C E R T I F I C A T E This is to certify that Mr. SIRAJ BASHEER has conducted a seminar on: PALM ISLAND - DUBAI by learning the subject from various sources. Overall rating of the seminar preparation, data collection, documentation and presentation is Excellent Director Dr.Abdul Nazer Dt: 10-12-2010 1
Abstract PALM ISLAND-DUBAI Key words: artificial island, dredging, district cooling system, monorail, tunnel. The palm island, one of the largest man-made islands in the world is located in Dubai, U.A.E. Its concept and design is marvelous and has major three parts- the trunk, the fronts and the crescent. There are three palm islands under construction in Dubai Palm Jumairah, Palm Jabal Ali and Palm Deira. Only the Palm Jumairah has been discussed in this report. The palm Jumairah has thousands of villas in its fronts and apartments in its trunck adding 72Km coastline to Dubai. General features of the Palm Jumairah are presented in this report. Siraj Basheer (16C4) 2
Contents No. Description Page 1. Introduction. 4 2. The shape. 6 3. Construction of the island 8 4. Monorail. 10 5. Tunnel 11 6. District Cooling Sytem 12 7. Photos. 13 Summary.. 14 References 14 3
1.Introduction Just five years in the making, The Palm Jumeirah is a stunning feat of design, engineering and creativity. Located between The Palm Jebel Ali and The World; two other spectacular landmarks in the lines of Palm Jumeirah, it is an icon of Dubai and the world s newest landmark. The project is being developed by the Nakheel Corporation, which is held by the government of Dubai. The Palm Jumeirah measures 5km², has created 560ha of land and has added 78.6km to the country's 72km coastline. The Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai HH Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, envisioned the creation of such islands because of the business and tourism potential of such waterfront areas. It was the realization that the country cannot depend on its oil reserves forever to drive its economy. World over it is seen that waterfront properties command premium price. The Palm was conceived as a natural progression in a succession of extraordinary tourism initiatives in Dubai. Construction in-progress It was also an answer to a practical challenge, which was how to create more beachfront when the emirate possessed only 72km of coastline. So, was born the ingenious idea of building artificial waterfronts that are accessible to the coast by roads and boats. The essence of the project is its design its palm shape, which dictated every step of its development. The choice was both personal and professional. It symbolizes Dubai's heritage (the palm is known as the 'bride of the orchard' in Dubai) as well as putting 4
water, the most important source of sustenance, shelter and trade, centre stage. Its shape also provides the perfect geometry to create the longest stretch of new beachfront. With these simple decisions made, the next step was to commission a vast wealth of expertise from a host of disciplines in order to reclaim the land and turn it into a safe and habitable environment The project took four years of methodical planning and exhaustive feasibility studies in Dubai, ensuring that the islands would not disrupt the environment. The first stage of the development of The Palm Islands includes the construction of the land foundations, which involves sand transfer and rock placement. Following this, the next stage will involve the building of infrastructure and services, as well as the 300 meter (990 feet) bridges linking the islands to the mainland. The final stage consists of the construction of homes, townhouses, and apartments. At the peak of construction, 40,000 employees were working on the project each day, turning 94 million cubic meters of sand and seven million tonnes of rock into a leisure and lifestyle resort fit for the 21st century and beyond. When fully completed, it will become home to 32 five-star hotels with 25,000 guests, 20,000 day visitors and about 60,000 residents in apartments and villas. Its population will have five beach resorts, four marinas, a monorail and vast expanse of retail and commercial units at their disposal. Comprised of a two-kilometer long trunk. A crown made of 17 fronds, and a surrounding crescent, the island boasts more than 4000 luxury villas and apartments, over 30 of the world s top hotels including The TAJ and over 75 kilometers of pristine beaches. Fireworks on the inauguration day 5
Seminar T sh hape 2. The The palm p island has h three major parts the trunk, the fronts an nd the crescent as show wn below w. f and crrescent The trunk, fronts THE TRUNK: T The e palm island d has a trunk with manyy shoreline a apartment, tw wo major roads, bridges and monorail at a ites centre e. www.ttransformia.info 6
Seminar RONTS: The fronts are leaff shaped partt of the island d has thousan nds of villas on n the two THE FR sides with w private beach b and a ro oad at the miiddle. RESENT: The creasent is th he curved shaape around th he palm island d has a total length l of THE CR 12Km. The famous hotel ATLANTTIS is located at the middle of the cresccent. www.ttransformia.info 7
3. Construction of the island 2.1 Dredging Dredger pumps sand to form a palm-shaped island Construction on the palm islands began in 2001. Divers surveyed the seabed and worke-rs constructed a crescent-shaped breakwater from blasted mountain rock. The Crescent of Palm Jumeirah stands a little more than 13 feet above low tide sea level and sits in 34 feet of water at its deepest point. Sand, covered by an erosion-preventing water-permeable geo-textile, makes up the breakwater's lowest layer. One-ton rocks cover the sand, and two layers of large rocks weighing up to six tons each cap the structure. A "toe" placed by a floating crane sits inside the Crescent. The breakwater also has two 328-foot openings on each side to eliminate stagnation in the 16 narrow, deep channels. These gaps allow water to completely circulate every 13 days. Although five workers were swept away- by a wave and one drowned, the designers at Nakheel believe the breakwater will protect the palm island from average gulf weather and even an enormous storm. They even suggest that villas barely 10 feet above sea level will be safe from the rising seas of global warming. The palm islands themselves are constructed from sand dredged from the sea floor. Palm Jumeirah is made from 3,257,212,970.389 cubic feet of ocean sand vibro-compacted into place. Vibrocompaction increases the density of loose sand by saturating it with jets of water and vibrating it with probes. Channel dredging 8
2.2 Side protection works Side protection works view from the crescent road (72 Km Long) The Jan De Nul Group started working on the Palm Jebel Ali in 2002 and had finished by the end of 2006. The reclamation project for the Palm Jebel Ali includes the creation of a four-kilometre-long peninsula, protected by a 200-metre-wide, seventeen-kilometre long circular breakwater. 210,000,000 m3 of rock, sand and limestone were reclaimed (partly originating from the Jebel Ali Entrance Channel dredging works). There are approximately 10,000,000 cubic metres of rocks in the slope protection works. Transporting rocks from a quarry site 9
4. Monorail Seminar Train on the monorail On 30th April 2009, the Palm Jumeirah Transit System started operation of their monorail system. This monorail is the first railway system in UAE and also the first monorail system in Middle East. The Palm Jumeirah Island is an artificial island constructed by NAKHEEL, UAE s largest property developer, and one of the main projects in Dubai for their resort development. The island is shaped as palm trees and you can see a luxury hotel, a recreational facility and a lot of resort villas there. Hitachi monorail in Palm Jumeirah Island connects mainland Dubai and the Palm Jumeirah Island. This monorail has 4 stations, Gateway Tower, Trump Tower, Palm Mall and Atlantis Aquaventure and the line length is approximately 5.4km. Hitachi was awarded the contract in December 2006 to supply monorail system including rolling stock (4 trains of 3-car configuration), track switch, signaling system, communication system and substation etc. The streamlined shape of the vehicles matches the atmosphere of the resort island and they were also designed to suit the unique climate in Middle East, such as extreme temperature and sandblast. The operation system of this monorail is ATO (Automatic Train Operation), driverless with attendants for any emergency situations. This monorail runs at an average speed of 35km/h and the maximum speed of 70km/h and can carry up to 2,400pphpd when 3 trains are operated. In this world s largest artificial resort island, the monorail is an effective and ideal means of transportation with the smart structure and low impact on the surrounding environment or scenery. 10
5. Tunnel Seminar The outer ring with its hotel facilities and a gigantic water park is connected to the trunk by a 996 m long tunnel. Including the entry and exit ramps, the tunnel construction has an overall length of 1.4 km of which around 600 m runs underwater up to depths of 25 m. The triple-tubed rectangular cross-section with three lanes in each individual tunnel along with a central supply tunnel were constructed using the cut-andcover method. Just pumping out the excavation pit took one month. The cross-section is 38.00 m wide and 9.16 m high, the reinforced concrete bottom plate has a thickness ranging from 1.54 m to 2.08 m whilst the slab thickness varied between 1.50 m and 2.00 m. The outer walls are 1.50 m thick. Forming, reinforement work and concreting were carried out using the separate casting method. In 25 m long concreting steps and four cycle sequences, the tunnel bottom plate, two wall sections respectively and then the slab could be concreted one after the other. PERI system components from the VARIO girder wall formwork system provided the ideal basis for all areas. Then the load-bearing GT 24 formwork girders as well as SRZ steel walers could be used very fl exibly as slab formwork as well. The concrete loads during onstruction of the tunnel slab were safely transferred into the bottom plate via PD 8 shoring towers. 11
6. District Cooling System Seminar District heating is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. The heat is often obtained from a cogeneration plant burning fossil fuels but increasingly biomass, although heat-only boiler stations, geothermal heating and central solar heating are also used, as well as nuclear power. District heating plants can provide higher efficiencies and better pollution control than localized boilers. According to some research, District Heating with Combined Heat and Power - CHPDH is the cheapest method of cutting carbon, and has one of the lowest carbon footprints of all fossil generation plants. A district cooling plant in the palm island 12
7.Photos Seminar Entry bridges Three fronts starting from the trunk Villa beach side (on the front) Villa close view (rear) Atlantis on the crescent, monorail Beginning of fronts Shoreline apartments on the trunk Drive view from the trunk road Atlantis on the crescent Aquaadventure on the crescent 13
Summary There are three palm islands under construction in Dubai Palm Jumairah, Palm Jabal Ali and Palm Deira. Only the Palm Jumairah has been discussed in this report. The palm Jumairah is a man-made wonder referred as the eighth wonder of the world is brilliant in its designs and concepts. General features of the palm island are presented in this report. References 1. Mr.Prem Nazeer, Wadeadams. 2. Nakheel, Dubai. 3. Information from official web sites. Contact Info: SIRAJ BASHEER vavafaby@gmail.com Mobile: +971-50-2672182 14