Skipsoperasjoner i Nord Tor Einar Berg, Joachim Bakke, BW Gas Bård E. Bjørnsen, SMS Seminar Maritim innovasjon 2007
Introduction The presentation will summarize results from the projects: Arctic Emergency Operations Safe and cost effective ship-toship operations in Arctic waters New international training and pre-simulation concept for Arctic marine operations
Background Increased ship traffic in Arctic regions More focus on environmentally friendly shipping Consequences of accidents may be larger in Arctic waters Infrastructure for rescue operations is weak in Arctic waters More complex operations will take place Training is a must for ship operations in cold climate regions
Arctic Emergency Operations - a 3 year project supported by The Research Council of Norway Open project presentation
Project partners Ship Manoeuvring Simulator Centre (SMS) Norwegian Coastal Administration Norwegian Coast Guard StatoilHydro, Total E&P Knutsen OAS Buksér og Berging, Østensjøs Rederi, Taubåtkompaniet Gard, Norwegian Hull Club, Skuld Ifremer (France) National Marine Research Institute (Japan) CNIIMF, Makarov Training Centre (Russian Federation) Admiral Makarov State Maritime Academy (Russian Federation) Central Command for Maritime Emergencies (Germany)
WP 1 Drifting vessels Objectives: Improve existing models for drifting vessels. Verify and validate new model based on field test Estimate necessary holding power to stop drift motion Tasks: Review present knowledge and models Map ongoing activities by international partners Plan and perform field tests for drifting tankers Analyse results from drifting tests Update simulation models for drifting vessels Use new model in simulation of towing operations The Russian Oil-tanker Kaliningrad drifted in 2001 towards several submerged rocks. Photo: Norwegian Coast Guard.
Outcomes Report on existing information on drifting motion of ships Field test drifting of shuttle tanker Navion Norvegia (November 2007) Hindcast environmental data from Norwegian Met. Office Results from analysis Drifting speed Drifting direction Comparison with results from simulation models
WP 3 Emergency lightering in open sea Objective: Build model for simulation of emergency lightering in open sea under harsh weather conditions Tasks: Improve mathematical model to have realistic wave forces for ships in close proximity Further development of graphical models to illustrate relative motions in a realistic way Improve wave surface presentation between vessels Include shadowing effects on waves for vessels in close proximity
Outcomes Training course on emergency lightering in heavy seas New model for wave forces on Aframax type tanker Modification of visual presentation of waves
WP 4 Best practice for towing of disabled vessel Objective: Propose a best practice for towing of large vessels having lost propulsion/steering function Tasks: Learning from previous accidents Include Arctic factors when planning an emergency towing operation Develop a first draft for a guideline on emergency towing in cold climate regions Simulation model of KV Harstad shall be developed for use in towing course at SMS Develop a simulator based training course on Emergency Towing of disabled vessel
Outcomes 4 workshops for knowledge sharing between Personnel on emergency towing vessels, Shore based emergency response team members Representatives of project partners Manoeuvring tests for KV Harstad, calm water and in waves Adaption of the Japanese tool Optimum Towing Support System
WP 5 Emergency offloading tankers in ice Objective: Describe and rank different ways of performing an emergency offloading with respect to safety, environmental and cost aspects Tasks: Review of present knowledge and models Describe possible scenarios Select scenarios for case studies Prepare draft guidelines for emergency offloading in ice covered waters Test guidelines using specific simulator scenarios Update guidelines and use them at a test course for emergency operations for tankers in ice Analyse course outcomes and update course content
Outcomes Metocean data collected for Pechora Sea Tanker traffic survey to be completed by Kola Science Centre Risk description based on previous study done by DnV for Statoil Training scenarios to be developed for future SMS training courses (link to Arctic Marine Operations project) Workshop planned, 13-14 December 2007 at StatoilHydro Stavanger Illustration: Håkan Sjøstrøm
Safe and cost effective STS operations in Arctic waters Objective Develop safe and cost effective operational procedures for ship-to-ship transfer of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in open Arctic waters Study each phase of the STS operation to find how operational limits depend on: Environmental conditions (waves, wind, atmospheric icing, drifting growlers, fog) Vessel characteristics Transfer system design Mooring system Cargo hose design
Participants BW Gas Rolls-Royce Marine Framo Engineering DNV Gazprom Gazflot
WP 1 Collecting ice-metocean data and models for use in arctic design and operation Objective: Collect meteorological and oceanographic data for locations identified as possible STS sites Content: Identify relevant statistical data sources (Russia, Norway and International). Identify institutes providing ice-metocean data real-time and forecast. Establish area specific data inventory (ARCOP, ICEMON). Identify and select appropriate models
Outcomes Worldwave data collected for selected LNG transfer sites N 70.2 E 55.0 N 71.2 E 58.0 Ice distribution found at several sites Pechora Sea Kara Sea Question to be answered what is the value of historical ice data when planning operations in the future?
WP 2 Describe alternative STS designs and define operational limits Objective: Identify feasible technical solutions for STS operations, including defining operational limits Content: Review published work on methods for STS transfer of liquids (gas and other). Describe alternative solutions. Simulation methods and models to study system characteristics and limitations for different phases (approach, mooring, cargo transfer, separation). Consider measures for improving operational limits of chosen solutions
Outcomes Workshops Internal workshop July 2007 Joint workshop with s KMB on STS operations at BW Gas 4-5 December 2007
WP 3 Select STS design and location(s) based on calculated system performance Objective: Rank different STS designs based on safety, operational and cost-efficiency criteria Content: Establish alternative locations for STS and offshore terminal cargo transfer. Calculate down-time (based on operational limits) for chosen technical solutions within defined area locations. Calculate down-time based on reliability studies of each technical solution. The studies will be analysing the operational methods through a structured risk approach based on Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) principles (Problem definition, Hazard Identification (HAZID), Risk analysis, Risk control options, Cost benefit assessment, Recommendations for decision making). Estimate total down-time and select the most promising technical solution and locations.
WP 4 Develop operational guidelines for each operational phase Objective: Establish operational procedure for STS operation including subprocedures for each operational phase Content: Run simulation studies to verify operational limits for selected technical solutions and locations from WP 3. Describe and test selected emergency procedures. Prepare first draft for operational procedures. Arrange workshop for subject matter experts/reference group members on first draft of operational procedures. Develop updated version of operational guidelines
Arctic Marine Operations Partly funded by Research Council of Norway Participants in phase 1 (2006 2007): SMS, NTNU (prof Løset) Statoil, Hydro, DNV, Teekey Norwegian Coast Guard Norwegian Coastal Administration Makarov (Rus), J. Schwarz (Ger), RCN (Can) Objectives for phase 2 (2008 2009): Realtime simulation of ship motion in ice Training course for different scenarios and operations in ice covered waters Pre simulation tool for specific scenarios for operations in ice
Work packages phase 1 WP 1: Gathering and systemizing info. (existing ice simulators in Russia, Canada etc) Outcome: State-of-the art report WP 2: Internal competence build-up (Ice training course in Russia, Tromsø etc) Outcome: Basic competence
WP 3: Field expedition on KV Svalbard Together with : DNV Ice Load Monitoring project UiB BIAC/CARE-project Outcome: Ice data Manoeuvre data
WP 4 Developing ice models Prof Løset and Ph D stud Lubbad at NTNU, have developed new analytical algorithms making it possible to simulate real time ice behaviour. Outcome: New mathematical models and visual presentation of first year firm ice and broken ice multiple year ice drifting ice and pack ice bash ice / slush
WP 4 Developing ice models (cont) The findings are validated against real data collected from the KV Svalbard field expedition The resistance of a ship advancing in unbroken ice depends mainly on - hull dimensions and geometric form, - ice thickness, - ice strength, - dynamic friction ice-hull, - speed of ship Other factors are snow cover on the ice, its temperature and wetness.
WP 5: Developing KV Svalbard model Visual and mathematical model of KV Svalbard Outcome:
Conclusion An international group of emergency operation experts is sharing experience on emergency towing operations on emergency towing Course on emergency towing has been developed at SMS New knowledge on manoeuvring performance of Coast Guard vessel in calm water and waves has been generated Drift tests of shuttle tanker have been performed First phase of development of realistic ice models has been completed in SMS s Arctic Marine Operations project
Conclusion Different types of ship-to-ship open sea LNG transfer modes have been evaluated It is difficult to involve Russian project partners in knowledge sharing activities Collaboration with other Bonn Agreement countries on emergency preparedness has been improved through open workshops in WP 4 Best practice from the Arctic Emergency Operations project SMS has applied for a phase 2 of the Arctic Marine Operations project