Copenhagen Cycling Map Red Lines Cycling facilities
Copenhagen Cycling Facilities Design Approaches Transportation without Pollution Copenhagen s Strategy Where Cycling is one of the top key activities towards achieving the strategy A very powerful message
Cycling Designs Approaches Important to highlight Bike lanes (cycle tracks) separation on roadways Horizontally, usually with a physical barrier, and vertically Bike lanes through intersections Use of colour to provide prominence to the cycling facilities. Bike lanes next to bus lanes and transit stops designs Horizontally separated (physical barrier). Emphasis on using spare space for motorist separated cycling On abandoned or active railway, electric transmission, and other corridors, roadways, parks, etc. For providing off road bike paths, away from traffic. Intersection design: Traffic signal Bike signal phase and head Advance bike stop at intersection Bike lanes right turn, left turn, and through lanes Bike parking on the street, instead of car parking spots.
Design Direction Equality of various modes of transportation being served by street design. Separation of transportation modes by speed of travel. Pedestrians sidewalks (includes walkers, joggers, wheelchairs, strollers) Provision of cycling facility as part of the design of street system not as an afterthought or only where space is surplus or not needed for parking of cars. Cycling facilities are part of a City s objective and direction to de emphasize the use and growth of auto trips by encouraging the growth of cycling mode share.
Design Direction Equality of various modes of transportation being served by street design. Cyclists Vertical and horizontal separation of cyclists from motorists Transit general roadway or separation from motorists. (bus lanes) Motorists general roadway
Design Direction Results City of Copenhagen Bicycle Account 2004 (Comment The results show that if there is a strong municipal will and if proper cycling facility designs, which potential cyclists want, are provided then there will be significant growth.) Cycling to work mode share up 4% in 2 years (2003) WHILE City of Vancouver cycling to work mode share is up 2.8% in 16 years. Cycling to work 1.13 million kilometres per day. Daily cycling distance has grown twice as much as driving to work in the last 10 years. 2003 Transportation to Work Mode Share Cycling 36% Transit 33% Auto 27% Walking 4% Satisfaction level with cycling in Copenhagen 83%, up 17% from 1995. (Based on Copenhagen s Transportation Plan 2004 2004 Traffic & Environment Plan)
Cycling Tracks (Bike Lanes) 329 km of tracks in place One way cycle tracks on both sides of major streets vertical separation from cars and pedestrians 65 km to come Widening of one way tracks due to traffic volume now 3 metres
Off Road Bike Paths 37 km in place Network of 100 km planned Using existing corridors (ex. Abandoned railway tracks), excess space along operational rail corridors and roadways, green spaces and parks, and Requiring developers to provide cycle routes in urban developments Away from the noise, pollution, and wind envelopes of motorized vehicles.
Bike Lanes Coloured Parent comfortable with child cycling on bike lane. Visual presence of cycling facilities Use of coloured lanes highlighting space is exclusive for cyclists Focussing on potential and current cyclists penchant for wanting separation as a perceived safety feature and part of feeling free from harassment from other traffic
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Horizontal Separation Curb Barriers Cat Eye Devices Wide White Lines Physical separation from motor vehicles Cat eye type devices providing the separation Double width, white line separating cars from cyclists.
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Horizontal Separation Bike Lanes on Shoulder On Shoulder horizontal separation A bit out of the pollution envelope of cars
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Horizontal Separation between Parked Cars and Sidewalk Curb barrier Double width white line Double width white line Reduced chance of Dooring Less frequently opened passenger doors on cyclists side of cars Cyclists enjoying 2 metres separation from faster moving cars Reduced exposure to greenhouse gas pollution
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Vertical Separation between Parked Cars and Sidewalk Should help reduce intrusion of cars parking in bike lanes Reduced chance of Dooring Less frequently opened passenger doors on cyclists side of cars Cyclists enjoying 2 metres separation from faster moving cars Reduced exposure to greenhouse gas pollution
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Vertical Separation Rolling edge barrier Road to bike lane Curb barrier Bike lane to sidewalk Curb barrier Road to bike lane Bike lane to sidewalk Designing cycling capacity on road corridor with growth and usage targets in mind Cycling mode share of 40% by 2012, Cycling volumes 2 metre one way bike lanes handle about 2500 cyclists per hour City now moving towards 3 metres, one way cycle tracks As a result of cycling traffic growth
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Next to Bus Lanes Bike Lanes and Transit Horizontal separation Double width white line between bike and bus lanes
Bike Lanes (Cycle Tracks) Next to Bus Lanes Bike Lane and Transit Bus Stop Continuity of cycling facilities through transit stops and intersections Transit waiting area Sometimes between cycle tracks and bus lanes Sometimes on sidewalk with transit passengers crossing cycle tracks to waiting buses
Intersections Designs Bike Lane at Intersection Advanced Stop Line for Cyclists For greater visibility and safety Motorists are aware of cyclist to the right Especially when motorists making right turn With cyclists merging into traffic lane on exit side of intersection Bike lane terminates at intersection
Intersection Designs Bike Lanes at Intersections Straight Through Right Turn Bike Lane Intersections designed to include cyclists As one of the primary transportation modes Not just an add on after motorists
Intersection Designs Bike Lanes at Intersections Straight Through and Right Turn Motorists awareness of cyclists presence Cycling traffic volume sufficiently high to warrant Straight through bike lanes Right turn bike lanes Before right turn bike lane begins Opportunity for on street parking for bikes
Intersection Designs Bike Lanes through Intersections Coloured Left Turn, Right Turn, Straight Through Perceived safety and comfort feature for cyclists Keeps cars to left of cyclists through intersection Keeps motorists out of cyclists right turning space Also perceived safety feature for motorists Delineate to motorists where cyclist should be Delineates cyclists pedestrian style left turn
Intersection Designs Bike Lanes through Intersections Coloured Perceived safety and comfort feature for cyclists Perceived safety feature for motorists Separation of cars and cyclists at intersections
Intersection Designs Bike Lane Coloured Transition and Left Turn Coloured transition zone with heightened awareness of cyclists potential movement. Coloured transition zone for right turning vehicles.
Intersection Designs Bike Lane Not Coloured through Intersection Bike Stencils Enheightened awareness of drivers to cyclists presence Double width white lines
Intersection Designs Bike Lanes at Intersection Vertical Separation Transitioning Right Turning Lane for Car and Bikes Bike Lane returns to traffic lane elevation for accommodating right turning motorized vehicles.
Intersection Designs Green Wave Design Cycling Tracks traffic lights timing Synchronized lights set at 20 kph cycling speed Upcoming intersections will be green on arrival.
Intersection Designs Cyclist Traffic Signal Head and Light Phase Safety feature Cyclists need a few seconds to get bikes moving in a straight line Bike signal head and phases Right turning motorized vehicles have a right turn phase while bikes have a red signal
Intersection Designs Roundabouts and Traffic Circles Bike lane on edge Increases awareness by motorists of cyclists presence Allows motorists to adjust their driving.
Bike Parking End of Trip Facilities Bike parking facilities for the masses On streets, at railway, at car parks Supports leaving cars at the city s outskirts and cycle the rest of the way to the destination.
Bike Parking End of Trip Facilities Bike parking between traffic lane and sidewalk.
Bike Parking Bike Parking On Street Bike on street parking in place of a car parking spot.
Cycling Amenities Stairs and Bikes Encouraging people to cycling also involves paying to attention to details, such as moving people from one level, whether by stairs, ramps, elevators, etc. Gutters on stairways designed to accommodate bikes with panniers.
Complete Street Design Almost, but there are no moped / motorcycle lanes.
Transit and Bicycles 16 bicycles per car Commuter train