Environmental and Economic Impacts of Asian Carps in the Illinois River Photo by Nerissa Michaels Greg G. Sass Illinois River Biological Station Illinois Natural History Survey
Environmental and Economic Impacts of Asian Carps I. Brief History of Asian Carps in the U.S. II. Trends in Abundance from La Grange Reach, Illinois River III. Key Uncertainties in Asian Carps Population Dynamics IV. Effects of Asian Carps on Native Planktivores V. Economic Impacts (+ and -) VI. Potential Solutions
I. Brief History of Asian Carps in the United States 1973 198 199 2 27 1998 - SVCP in La Grange Reach, IL River 1995 - BHCP in La Grange Reach, IL River BHCP Increase in BHCP and SVCP in La Grange Reach, IL River SVCP BHCP and SVCP introduced to U.S. (AR)
Environmental and Economic Impacts of Asian Carps I. Brief History of Asian Carps in the U.S. II. Trends in Abundance from La Grange Reach, Illinois River III. Key Uncertainties in Asian Carps Population Dynamics IV. Effects of Asian Carps on Native Planktivores V. Economic Impacts (+ and -) VI. Potential Solutions
II. Trends in Asian Carp Catches LTRMP, La Grange Reach, IL River 15 1 Asian carp catch (no.) 1 5 BHCP SVCP Asian carp catch (kg) 8 6 4 2 BHCP SVCP 198 199 2 21 Year 199 1995 2 25 21 Year
II. Trends in Asian Carp Commercial Landings IL River log e annual commercial harvest of Asian carps (kg) 15 1 5 198 199 2 21 Year -Still, questions about whether Asian carps are increasing in abundance in IL River * Rob Maher (IDNR) unproofed, draft quality data
Environmental and Economic Impacts of Asian Carps I. Brief History of Asian Carps in the U.S. II. Trends in Abundance from La Grange Reach, Illinois River III. Key Uncertainties in Asian Carps Population Dynamics IV. Effects of Asian Carps on Native Planktivores V. Economic Impacts (+ and -) VI. Potential Solutions
III. 27 IRBS Mark-Recapture Population Estimate for Asian Carps Peoria Lock and Dam Floy-tagging Bath Chute Redneck Fishing Tournament Spoon River - Floy-tagging; Preferred Habitat Lily Lake Preferred Habitat Goals: 1. Mark-recapture PE for each area and La Grange Reach 2. Estimates of daily growth on recaptured carp 3. Characteristics of preferred habitat (target for reduction) 4. Aging and catch curves 5. Comparison to MS River with Tim Spier s group (WIU)
III. 27 IRBS Mark-Recapture Population Estimate for Silver Carp 3, 2, 1, Silver carp population estimate4, No. *As of September 11 373,331 232,614 164,347 5 4 3 2 No. per river mile La Grange Reach, Illinois River 4,667 2,98 2,54
III. 27 IRBS Mark-Recapture Population Estimate for Silver Carp Silver carp population estimate (no.) 4, 3, 2, 1, LGR SPR BC LL PLD * 1. La Grange Reach (LGR) = 232,614 2. Spoon River (SPR) = 27,294 3. Bath Chute (BC) = 22,553 4. Lily Lake (LL) ~ 8,6 5. Peoria Lock and Dam (PLD) = 5,842 *As of September 11
III. 27 IRBS Mark-Recapture Population Estimate for Silver Carp Silver carp biomass 8 7 6 5 4 3 Metric tons *As of September 11 75 467 33 1 La Grange Reach, Illinois River 9 8 7 6 5 4 Metric tons per river mile 9.4 5.8 4.1
25 2 15 1 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Y X S N M HS HL F D 2 1 8 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 S N M HL F D Bighead carp 5 4 3 2 1 F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 D 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 11 Y X S N M HS HL M HL F D M HL F D M HL F D 21 22 23 24 1 8 6 X N M 4 2 HL D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 8 6 4 HL D 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 8 6 T M 4 D 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 8 M 6 4 HL F D 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Silver carp 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 HL F D 25 1 8 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 HL D
III. 27 IRBS Asian Carps Mark- Recapture Population Estimate Frequency *As of September 11 6 5 4 3 2 1 SVCP n = 3517 1 2 3 4 5 LTRMP Length (mm) 6 7 8 9 1 11.16.14.12.1.8.6.4.2. Proportion per Bar
III. 27 IRBS Asian Carps Mark- Recapture Population Estimate Frequency 25 2 15 1 BHCP n = 117 LTRMP.2.1 Proportion per Bar 5 *As of September 11. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Length (mm)
Environmental and Economic Impacts of Asian Carps I. Brief History of Asian Carps in the U.S. II. Trends in Abundance from La Grange Reach, Illinois River III. Key Uncertainties in Asian Carps Population Dynamics IV. Effects of Asian Carps on Native Planktivores V. Economic Impacts (+ and -) VI. Potential Solutions
IV. Dietary Overlap of Native Planktivores and Asian Carps Stress:.15 BHCP BMBF GZSD PDFH SVCP Sampson, S.J. 25. Dietary overlap between bighead carp (H. nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix) with three native filter-feeding fishes of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. Master s Thesis. University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign.
IV. Have Asian Carps Influenced Native Planktivore Body Condition? 1.2 Postgizzard shad Pre-Asian carp 1.1 Pre-Asian carp bigmouth buffalo Post- Mean condition (W r ) 1.1 1..9 Mean condition (W r ) 1.5 1..95.8 198 199 2 21 Year.9 198 199 2 21 Year
IV. Have Asian Carps Influenced Native Planktivore Body Condition? Mean condition (Wr) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1..9.8.7 Pre-Asian carps mean = 1. N = 624 Post-Asian carps mean =.93 N = 255 P <.1.6 198 199 2 21 Year -7% decrease in gizzard shad body condition following Asian carps establishment -Only Asian carp commercial harvest explained significant variability in condition decline
IV. Have Asian Carps Influenced Native Planktivore Body Condition? Mean condition (Wr) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1..9.8.7 Pre-Asian carps mean = 1. N = 817 Post-Asian carps mean =.95 N = 18 P <.1.6 198 199 2 21 Year -5% decrease in bigmouth buffalo body condition following Asian carps establishment -Only Asian carp commercial harvest explained significant variability in condition decline
Environmental and Economic Impacts of Asian Carps I. Brief History of Asian Carps in the U.S. II. Trends in Abundance from La Grange Reach, Illinois River III. Key Uncertainties in Asian Carps Population Dynamics IV. Effects of Asian Carps on Native Planktivores V. Economic Impacts (+ and -) VI. Potential Solutions
V. Economic Impacts Commercially Important Species Bigmouth buffalo mean CPUE 11 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 199 1995 2 25 21 Year -Statistical significant declines in bigmouth buffalo CPUE over time in LTRMP -Lowest recorded CPUE in 25 and 26
V. Economic Impacts Recreationally Important Species Electrofishing CPUE (fish/run) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 La Grange Reach - LTRMP BG LMB BC WC -Statistically significant declines in centrarchid catches over time in LTRMP -Cannot be solely attributed to Asian carps, but may be compounding effects 199 1995 2 25 21 Year
V. Economic Impacts Hypothetical Physics of Collision -Boat + Passenger = 97.2 kg -Initial Velocity = - 2.25 to 33.75 m/s -Final Velocity = 1 m/s -Collision Time =.1 s What is the force of the collision on the boat driver?
V. Economic Impacts Hypothetical Physics of Collision Force Exerted on Driver (Newtons) 4 3 2 1 Force of a middleweight boxer s punch! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Boat Speed (mph) Force of a 15 kg vehicle hitting a brick wall at 35 mph!
Potential Solutions Prevention of Introduction Population Reduction - Market development - Commercial fishing - Pinpoint preferred habitats Electric Barrier Disconnection of Illinois River to Lake Michigan?
Pertinent Question The pertinent question may not be whether Asian carps can survive in the Great Lakes, but rather, which tributaries will be suitable habitat for Asian carps establishment?
Asian carp spawning below Peoria Lock and Dam August 23, 27 Photograph by Kevin S. Irons, Illinois River Biological Station
Acknowledgements The Long-term Resource Monitoring Program The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers The USGS Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center The Illinois Natural History Survey The Illinois Department of Natural Resources The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service