Chapter IV - Sample Chart #1 Answers to Sample Chart #1

Chapter IV - Sample Chart #1 Answers to Sample Chart #1 1. 29 10' N 2. 29 04' N 3. 28 57' N 4. 28 46' N 5. 28 38' N 6. 28 25' N 7. 28 17' N 8. 28 08' N 9. 27 51' N 10. 27 46' N Chapter IV - Sample Chart #2 Answers to Sample Chart #2 1. 081 15' W 2. 081 08' W 3. 080 52' W 4. 080 41' W 5. 080 34' W 6. 080 23' W 7. 080 15' W 8. 080 05' W 9. 079 48' W 10. 079 57' W 1

Chapter IV - Sample Chart #3 Answers to Sample Chart #3 1. 27 58.2' N, 074 59.5' W 2. 27 59.3' N, 075 04.8' W 3. 28 00.6' N, 075 03.9' W 4. 28 01.5' N, 075 03.2' W 5. 28 02.9' N, 075 00.3' W 6. 28 04.9' N, 075 02.4' W 7. 28 06.0' N, 075 04.0' W 8. 28 07.2' N, 075 02.9' W 9. 28 06.2' N, 074 59.5' W 10. 28 04.5' N, 074 58.7' W Chapter IV - Sample Chart #4 Answers to Sample Chart #4 1. 41-28 06.1 N, 080 05.8 W 2. 30-28 04.9 N, 080 04.8 W 3. 44-28 05.3 N, 080 00.4 W 4. 45-28 03.9 N, 079 59.5 W 5. 36-28 03.0 N, 080 01.1 W 6. 24-28 01.7 N, 080 02.5 W 7. 27-28 01.2 N, 079 59.3 W 8. 10-28 08.0 N, 080 01.3 W 9. 17-28 02.4 N, 080 05.4 W 10. 11-27 59.6 N, 080 07.0 W 2

Chapter IV - Sample Chart #5 Answers to Sample Chart #5 1. Marker 1-2 4.7 nm 2. Marker 2-5 5.4 nm 3. Marker 2-8 8.1 nm 4. Marker 5-8 4.8 nm 5. Marker 7-9 4.0 nm 6. Marker 8-10 4.5 nm 7. Marker 9-10 1.8 nm 8. You begin on a trip from marker 3 to marker 10. Your distance is 6.0 nm. 9. The second leg of your trip goes from marker 10 to marker 7. 4.9 nm. 10. The third leg of your trip takes you from marker 7 back to your starting point at marker 3. 5.4 nmwhat is the total distance covered on your trip? 6.0 nm + 4.9 nm + 5.4nm = 16.3 nm. 3

Chapter V - Sample Chart #6 Because the compass rose in this exercise is divided into 5 intervals, your answer should be within 5. Do not be concerned with degrees of accuracy at this point, we are practicing the basic concepts. Answers to Sample Chart #6 1. Marker 1-2 285 T 2. Marker 2-3 030 T 3. Marker 3-4 035 T 4. Marker 4-5 060 T 5. Marker 5-6 315 T 6. Marker 6-7 310 T 7. Marker 7-8 040 T 8. Marker 8-9 110 T 9. Marker 9-10 160 T 10. Marker 10-2 225 T 4

Chapter V - Sample Chart #7 Because the compass rose in this exercise is divided into 2 intervals, you should find your answers are a bit more accurate than in the previous lesson. Answers to Sample Chart #7 1. Start at Marker 1, on a course of 084 T. The first marker along your route is - 5. 2. Start at Marker 5, on a course of 144 T. The first marker along your route is - 6. 3. Start at Marker 6, on a course of 090 T. The first marker along your route is - 10. 4. Start at Marker 10, on a course of 328 T. The first marker along your route is - 7. 5. Start at Marker 7, on a course of 290 T. The first marker along your route is - 2. 6. Start at Marker 2, on a course of 092 T. The first marker along your route is - 8. 7. Start at Marker 8, on a course of 120 T. The first marker along your route is - 9. 8. Start at Marker 9, on a course of 252 T. The first marker along your route is - 7. 9. Start at Marker 7, on a course of 278 T. The first marker along your route is - 4. 10. Start at Marker 4, on a course of 216 T. The first marker along your route is - 1. 5

Chapter VI Time Worksheet 1. Find the elapsed time (et) between 1027 and 1452 4 hours 25 minutes 2. Find the elapsed time (et) between 1933 and 2307 3 hours 34 minutes 3. Find the elapsed time (et) between 1846 and 2257 4 hours 11 minutes 4. Find the elapsed time (et) between 0855 and 2245 13 hours 50 minutes 5. Find the elapsed time (et) between 2246 and 0255 (0255 can be thought of as 2655) 4 hours 09 minutes 6. Find the elapsed time (et) between 1833 and 0527 10 hours 54 minutes 7. Find the elapsed time (et) between 1945 and 0005 4 hours 20 minutes 8. Find the elapsed time (et) between 2354 and 0554 6 hours 00 minutes 9. Find the elapsed time (et) between 0023 and 1334 13 hours 11 minutes 10. You arrive at your destination at 0417 after cruising for 6 hours and 42 minutes. (You need to borrow 24 hours) What time did you depart? 2135 6

Chapter VI Distance, Speed, Time Worksheet Remember: Convert Minutes to Decimals (and back) and Round Answers Distance: Speed: Time: 1. 15.0 nm 8.6 1 hour 45 minutes = 1.75 hours Calculation: D T = S - 15.0 nm 1.75 hours = 8.57 kts 2. 12.5 nm 7 kts 1 hour 47 minutes Calculation: D S = T - 12.5 nm 7 kts = 1.78 hours -.78 60 = 46.8 min 3. 27.0 nm 12 kts 2 hours 15 minutes = 2.25 hours Calculation: S T = D - 12 kts 2.25 = 27 nm 4. 22.5 nm 6.8 kts 3 hours 20 minutes = 3.33 hours Calculation: D T = S - 22.5 nm 3.33 hours = 6.75 kts 5. 15.7 nm 11 kts 1 hour 26 minutes Calculation: D S = T - 15.7 nm 11 kts = 1.43 hours -.43 60 = 25.8 min 6. 1.5 nm 5 kts 18 minutes =.30 hours Calculation: S T = D - 5 kts.30 = 1.5 nm 7. 7.4 nm 10 kts 44 minutes Calculation: D S = T - 7.4 nm 10 kts =.74 hours -.74 60 = 44.4 min 8. 22.7 nm 5.3 4 hours 19 minutes = 4.32 hours Calculation: D T = S - 22.7 nm 4.32 hours = 5.25 kts 9. 7.4 nm 8 kts 55 minutes =.92 hours Calculation: S T = D - 8 kts.92 hours = 7.36 nm 10. 34.8 nm 12 kts 2 hours 54 minutes Calculation: D S = T - 34.8 nm 12 kts = 2.90 hours -.90 60 = 54 min 7

Chapter VII Answers to TVMDC Practice Lesson Remember: Going from True to Compass Add West and Subtract East Going from Compass to True, Subtract West and Add East True Variation Magnetic Deviation Compass 1. 070 5 E 065 0 065 TVMDC + W - E - 070-5 = 065 +/- 0 = 065 2. 097 2 E 095 3 W 098 TVMDC + W - E - 097-2 = 095 + 3 = 098 3. 236 1 W 237 3 E 234 CDMVT - W + E - 234 + 3 = 237-1 = 236 4. 080 4 E 076 3 W 079 CDMVT - W + E - 079-3 = 076 + 4 = 080 5. 178 3 W 181 2 W 183 TVMDC + W - E - 178 + 3 = 181 + 2 = 183 6. 243 5 W 248 0 248 CDMVT - W + E - 248 =+/- 0 = 248-5 = 243 7. 355 4 W 359 4 E 355 CDMVT - W + E - 355 =+ 4 = 359-4 = 355 8. 334 1 E 333 3 W 336 TVMDC + W - E - 334-1 = 333 + 3 = 336 9. 156 10 W 166 5 W 171 TVMDC + W - E - 156 + 10 = 166 + 5 = 171 10. 149 8 E 141 4 W 145 CDMVT - W + E - 145-4 = 141 + 8 = 149 11. 089 4 W 093 1 E 092 TVMDC + W - E - 089 + 4 = 093-1 = 092 12. 138 3 E 135 1 W 136 TVMDC + W - E - 138-3 = 135 + 1 = 136 13. 238 3 W 241 4 E 237 CDMVT - W + E - 237 + 4 = 241-3 = 238 14. 245 2 W 247 3 W 250 TVMDC + W - E - 245 + 2 = 247 + 3 = 250 15. 340 4 E 336 10 W 346 CDMVT - W + E - 346-10 = 336 + 4 = 340 8

Chapter VII Answers to Deviation Practice Lesson True Variation Magnetic Deviation Compass 1. 152 5 W 157 7 W 164 2. 190 4 W 194 5 E 189 3. 162 1 E 161 6 W 167 4. 098 10 W 108 4 E 104 5. 265 8 E 257 19 W 276 6. 345 4 W 349 4 E 345 7. 138 3 E 135 12 W 147 8. 196 3 W 199 13 E 186 9. 355 2 W 357 2 W 359 10. 222 4 E 218 16 W 234 In real life, if you calculate deviations in excess of 5 either east or west, you should first try to find the source of the unusual deviation. If it can't be remedied by removing the source, have your compass compensated to correct for excessive deviation. Chapter VII Answers to Compass Error Practice Lesson Remember: Going from True to Compass If You Add, Compass Error is West If You Subtract Compass Error is East (West is Best, East is Least) True Course Compass Error Compass Course 1. 164 12 E 152 If T- CE = C - Compass Error is East - 164-12 E = 190 2. 189 1 W 190 If T + CE = C - Compass Error is West - 189 + 1 W = 190 3. 167 5 E 162 If T- CE = C - Compass Error is East - 167-5 E = 162 4. 104 6 E 098 If T- CE = C - Compass Error is East - 104-6 E = 098 5. 276 11 E 265 If T- CE = C - Compass Error is East - 276-11 E = 265 6. 345 0 345 If T = C - Compass Error = 0 no adding or subtracting 7. 147 9 E 138 If T- CE = C - Compass Error is East - 147-9 E = 138 8. 186 10 W 196 If T + CE = C - Compass Error is West - 186 + 10 W = 196 9. 359 4 E 355 If T- CE = C - Compass Error is East - 359-4 E = 355 10. 234 8 W 242 If T + CE = C - Compass Error is West - 234 + 8 W = 242 9

Chapter VIII Completed Mini-Chart 1 (Shown smaller than actual size) 10

Chapter VIII Practice Lesson Mini-Chart #1-A 1. You are at 41 34.0 N & 070 43.3 W at 1015. You leave this marker on a course of 022 PSC (per ship's compass) at a speed of 4 knots. Deviation on this heading is 2 W. What marker was at your starting point? RGN What was your true course? 010 T What is your DR position at 1130? 41 39.0' N Latitude 070 42.2' W Longitude What was the distance traveled? 5 nm 2. From your current DR position at 1130 you change course to 210 magnetic and increase your speed to 5 kts. The deviation on 210 magnetic is 2 E. What buoy is laying on your new course line? Fl G 4sec "11" Bell How far away is it? 2.7 nm What time should you arrive there? 1202 What is its Latitude? 41 36.4 N Longitude 070 43.5' W 3. Later that day you depart 41 37 N and 070 46.2 W at 1405 on a course of 040 T. Deviation is 10 W and variation is 3 W. You put a line in the water and troll at a speed of 3 kts. Plot your DR at 1500. What marker was your starting point? G "9A" Fl G 4sec BELL What was the water depth at your beginning point 24 feet and at your DR? 24 feet - 25 feet What is the water depth 0.5 miles due north of your DR position? 18 How far did you travel to your DR? 2.8 nm What is the DR? 41 39.1 N Latitude 070 43.9 W Longitude 4. From your 1500 DR position you hear on the VHF that the snapper are biting at 41 35' N and 070 44.0 W. You change course at 1515 and head there at 6 kts. Variation is 10 W and Deviation is 2 W. What compass course should you steer to get there? 194 C (PSC) What true course did you plot on your chart? 182 T How far is it to this location? 4.1 nm What time should you arrive? 1556 What is the water depth at that location? 39 feet 5. You stay at that location for exactly 2 hours before heading home. You know that if you make marker R 2 "A" (just south of Angelica Pt.) by 1830, you can make it the rest of the way before sunset. The variation is still 10 W and there is no deviation. What course will you plot on your chart? 338 T What course will you steer PSC to arrive at R2 "A"? 348 C How far is it to R2 "A"? 3.6 nm At what speed must you go to make the marker by 1830? 6.3 knots What is the Latitude 41 38.3' N, Longitude 070 45.8' W of R2 "A"? 11

Chapter VIII Completed Mini-Chart 1-A (Shown smaller than actual size) 12

Question 1 - Steps & Calculations: Find your 1015 starting position using latitude and longitude. (Marker RGN) Convert the given compass course 022 PSC to True Course. 022-2 W deviation - 10 W variation = 010 T Plot the course on your chart and label with time, direction, and speed. Do the time problem, find the elapsed time (et) between your 1015 departure and your requested 1130 DR. 1130-1015 = 1 hr 15 min. (1.25 hours). Calculate the distance traveled in 1 hour and 15 minutes. S T = D - 4 kts 1.25 hours = 5 nm Measure this distance on the latitude scale and measure along the course line. At this point draw the DR symbol and label with the time. Find the latitude and longitude of this 1130 DR position. Question 2 - Steps & Calculations: Start at your 1130 DR. Convert the given magnetic course 210 M to True Course. 210-10 W variation = 200 T (You don't need the deviation information since you are only going from magnetic to true.) Plot the 200 T course on your chart and label with time, direction, and speed (Don't forget your speed changed.) Look along the line and identify the Fl G 4sec "11" BELL Measure, with your dividers, the distance from your 1130 DR to the buoy. 2.7 nm Calculate the time it would take to get there: D S = T - 2.7 nm 5 kts =.54 hours -.54 60 = 32 min Do the time problem, add the time in route to your departure time. 1130 +0032 = 1202 Find the latitude and longitude of Fl G 4sec "11" BELL. Question 3 - Steps & Calculations: Find your 1405 starting position using latitude and longitude. G "9A" Fl G 4sec BELL Since your given True course no conversion is necessary. Plot the course on your chart and label with time, direction, and speed. Do the time problem, find the elapsed time (et) between your 1405 departure and your requested 1500 DR. 1500-1405 = 55 min. (0.92 hours). Calculate the distance traveled in 55 minutes. S T = D - 3 kts 0.92 hours = 2.8 nm Measure this distance on the latitude scale and measure along the course line. At this point draw the DR symbol and label with the time. Find the latitude and longitude of this 1500 DR position. Check the requested depths Question 4 - Steps & Calculations: Use your 1500 DR as a starting position. (Remember you don't start until 1515.) Find the Latitude and Longitude of the fishing spot. 13

Draw a line, which will be your course line, between the two points. Find the True direction of this course line. Convert the given True course 182 T to Compass course. 182 + 10 W = 192 M + 2W = 194 C (PSC) Label the course line on your chart and label with time (1515), direction, and speed. With your dividers measure the distance to the fishing spot. 4.1 nm Calculate the time it would take to get to the spot. D S = T - 4.1 nm 6 kts =.68 hours -.68 60 = 41 mins Do the time problem, add 41 minutes to your 1515 departure. 1515-41 = 1556 min Check the water depth Question 5 - Steps & Calculations: Use the fishing spot as your starting position. Draw a line, which will be your course line, between your starting position and marker R 2 "A". Find the True direction of this course line. -338T Label the course line on your chart with time (1756) (Remember, you were here for exactly two hours.), direction, and speed. Convert the given True course 338 T to Compass course. 338 + 10 W = 348 M + 0 = 348 C (psc) With your dividers measure the distance from the fishing spot to the marker. 3.6 nm Do the time problem. What is the difference in the estimated time enroute (ete) if you have to make the marker by 1830. 1830-1756 = 34 min 60 = 0.57 hours Calculate the speed it would take to get to the marker in 34 minutes. D T = S - 3.6 nm.57 hours = 6.3 kts Find the Latitude and Longitude of the marker. 14

Chapter IX Answers to Mini-Chart Lesson 2 1. On your radar Easton Point bears 044 M at a range of 1.9 nm. Your deviation is 2 W. Your position is 41 27.2' N Latitude and 071 17.8' W Longitude. 2. You are operating southwest of Brenton Reef Light and are on a range 2.0 miles from Beavertail point and 1.5 miles from Brenton Reef Light. Your position is 41 25.3' N Latitude and 071 25.2' W Longitude. 3. You are south of Easton Point going due East. Brenton Reef Light bears 254 M. The spire on Easton Point bears 030 T. Your position is 41 28.1' N Latitude and 071 17.5' W Longitude. 4. You observe Brenton Reef Light at 214 M and the cupola at Brenton Point bears 104 M. Your position is 41 27.0 N Latitude and 071 22.6' W Longitude. 5. The silo at Sachuest Point bears 344 M and the western most part of Church Point bears 044 M. You also take a bearing on the abandoned Light House Tower on Sakonnet Point and it bears 124 M Your position is 41 27.8' N Latitude and 071 14.2' W Longitude. Question 1 - Steps & Calculations: 1. Find Easton Point. If you had a Coast Pilot it would be helpful. 2. Convert the Magnetic bearing to True direction. 3. 044 M - 14 W = 030 T 4. Plot this true LOP from Easton Point by finding 030 T on your compass rose and walking the parallel rules until you get to Easton Point. Since the question tells you that you are on a range of 1.9 nm, draw the line a little longer than that. (I like to draw LOP lines as dashed lines. This way I don't confuse them with course lines.) 5. Use your dividers to find 1.9 minutes of latitude on the latitude scale. 6. 1.9 min = 1.9 nm 7. Measure this distance along the LOP line and mark that location. 8. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Question 2 - Steps & Calculations: Helpful Hint: If you don't have a regular compass to draw arcs or a set of dividers with the ability to hold pencil lead in one leg, simply tape a small pencil to one leg of your parallel rules so that its point is even with the pin. 1. Find Beavertail Point and Brenton Reef Light. Again, a Coast Pilot and Light List might come in handy. 15

2. Using your dividers with a pencil or a compass, find the distance of 2.0 nm on the latitude scale. Using that span of the dividers, put the point on Beavertail Point. Swing a small arc with the "pencil" leg in the area SW of Brenton Reef Light. 3. Next, again using the latitude scale find a distance of 1.5 nm. 4. Put the point of the dividers on Brenton Reef Light and draw a small arc SW of the light. Where this arc crosses the arc from Beavertail Point is your location. 5. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Question 3 - Steps & Calculations: 1. Find Easton Point, Brenton Reef Light and the spire on Easton Point. 2. Convert the Magnetic bearing to Brenton Reef Light to True direction. 3. 254 M - 14 W = 240 T 4. It is not necessary to convert the direction to the spire since it is given in True. 5. Plot this true LOP from Brenton Reef Light by finding 240 T on your compass rose and walking to Brenton Reef Light. Be sure to draw your LOP in the correct direction. 6. Plot the second bearing of 030 T from the spire on Easton Point. Where these two LOPs cross is your position. 7. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Question 4 - Steps & Calculations: 1. Find Brenton Reef Light and the cupola on Brenton Point. 2. Convert the Magnetic bearing to Brenton Reef Light to True direction. 3. 214 M - 14 W = 200 T 4. Convert the Magnetic bearing to the cupola to True direction. 5. 104 M - 14 W = 090 T 6. Plot this true LOP from Brenton Reef Light by finding 200 T on your compass rose and walking to Brenton Reef Light. Be sure to draw your LOP in the correct direction. 7. Plot the second bearing of 090 T from the cupola. Where these two LOPs cross is your position. 8. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Question 5 - Steps & Calculations: 1. Find the silo on Sachuest Point, the western most part of Church Point and the abandoned Light House Tower on Sakonnet Point. 2. Convert the Magnetic directions to True directions. 3. 344 M - 14 W = 330 T (silo) 4. 044 M - 14 W = 030 T (western most part of Church Point) 5. 124 M - 14 W = 110 T (Light House Tower) 6. Plot these three LOPs on your chart. Where all three cross is your location. In real life, because you are probably moving while taking bearings, three bearing fixes may not all cross exactly in one location but form a small triangle. Your position should be assumed to be in the center of this triangle. 7. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. 16

Mini-Chart Lesson 2 Mini-Chart #2 17

Chapter IX Answers to Mini-Chart Lesson 3 Mini-Chart #1-B At 0900 you are at 41 32.1 N and 070 37.0 W on a course of 210 T at 4 kts. From this position you take a bearing to the Woods Hole water tower which bears 265 M. At 0945 the same water tower bears 000 M. Your position is 41 29.5' N Latitude 070 39.2' W Longitude. (Remember to advance your 0900 LOP to your 0945 DR.) From the position in answer 1 above, you change course to 270 T maintaining your current speed. At 1015 you once again take a bearing on the Woods Hole water tower which now bears 050 M. By advancing the last 0945 bearing line you find you new position of is 41 29.6' N Latitude 070 41.9' W Longitude. Mini-Chart #2-A Your position at 1000 is 41 25.2 N and 071 24.2 W. You are on a course of 090 T at 4 kts and Brenton Reef Light bears 074 M. At 1030 Brenton Reef Light bears 304 M. By advancing your 1000 LOP what is your new position? 41 25.1' N Latitude 071 21.7' W Longitude. At 1030, from this new position, you plot a course of 350 T and increase speed to 6 kts. At 1100 Brenton Reef Light bears 214 M. What is your new position? 41 28.0' N Latitude 071 22.2' W Longitude. Question 1 - Steps & Calculations: 1. Find your 0900 position. 2. From this fix, draw your 210 T course line and label properly. 3. Find Woods Hole water tower. 4. Convert the Magnetic bearing to the water tower to True direction. 265 M - 10 W = 255 T 5. Plot this true LOP from the water tower to your present location. 6. Convert the Magnetic direction of the second bearing of 000 on the water tower to True direction. 000 M - 10 W = 350 T 7. Plot the second bearing of 350 T from the water tower. 8. Find your 0945 DR position. First calculate how long you traveled (45 minutes), then convert to a decimal (45 60 =.75 hours) 9. Next find how far you have traveled in.75 hours by using the DST formula. S T = D - 4kts.75 = 3 nm 10. Plot your 0945 DR position 3 nm along your course line. 11. Place your parallel rules along the 0900 bearing to the water tower. Now, walk the parallel rules until they intersect with your DR position at 0945. Draw a line along the edge of the parallel rules that cross your DR position. Where this advanced LOP crosses the 0945 LOP is your running fix at 0945. 12. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. 18

Question 2 - Steps & Calculations: 1. From this 0945 running fix, draw your 270 T course line and label properly. 2. Convert the new Magnetic bearing to the water tower to True direction. 050 M - 10 W = 040 T 3. Plot this true LOP from the water tower. 4. Find your 1015 DR position. First calculate how long you traveled (30 minutes), then convert to a decimal (30 60 =.50 hours) 5. Next find how far you have traveled in.50 hours by using the DST formula. S T = D - 4kts.50 = 2 nm 6. Plot your 1015 DR position 2 nm along your course line. 7. Place your parallel rules along the 0945 bearing to the water tower. Now, walk the parallel rules until they intersect with your DR position at 1015. Draw a line along the edge of the parallel rules that cross your DR position. Where this advanced LOP crosses the 1015 LOP on the water tower is your running fix at 1015. Remember when using the same object to advance bearings to get a running fix, always advance the latest bearing. In this case the 0945 not the 0900. 8. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Question 3 - Steps & Calculations: Mini-Chart #2-A - Variation 14W 1. Find your 1000 position. 2. From this fix, draw your 090 T course line and label properly. 3. Convert the Magnetic bearing to the Brenton Reef Light to True direction. 074 M - 14 W = 060 T 4. Plot this true LOP from the Brenton Reef Light to your present location. 5. Convert the Magnetic direction of the second bearing of 304 on Brenton Reef Light to True direction. 304 M - 14 W = 290 T 6. Plot the second bearing of 290 T from the Brenton Reef Light. 7. Find your 1030 DR position. First calculate how long you traveled (30 minutes), then convert to a decimal (30 60 =.50 hours) 8. Next find how far you have traveled in.50 hours by using the DST formula. S T = D - 4kts.50 = 2 nm 9. Plot your 1030 DR position 2 nm along your course line. 10. Place your parallel rules along the 1000 bearing to Brenton Reef Light. Now, walk the parallel rules until they intersect with your DR position at 1030. Draw a line along the edge of the parallel rules that cross your DR position. Where this advanced LOP crosses the 1030 LOP on the Brenton Reef Light is your running fix at 1030. 11. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Question 4 - Steps & Calculations: 1. From this 1030 running fix, draw your 350 T course line and label properly. (Remember you have increased your speed to 6 kts.) 2. Convert the new Magnetic bearing to the Brenton Reef Light to True direction. 214 M - 14 W = 200 T 3. Plot this true LOP from the Brenton Reef Light. 19

4. Find your 1100 DR position. First calculate how long you traveled (30 minutes), then convert to a decimal (30 60 =.50 hours) 5. Next find how far you have traveled in.50 hours by using the DST formula. S T = D - 6kts.50 = 3 nm 6. Plot your 1100 DR 3 nm along your course line. 7. Place your parallel rules along the 1030 bearing to the Brenton Reef Light. Now, walk the parallel rules until they intersect with your DR position at 1100. Draw a line along the edge of the parallel rules that cross your DR position. Where this advanced LOP crosses the 1100 LOP on the Brenton Reef Light is your running fix at 1100. 8. Find the latitude and longitude of this location. Mini-Chart Lesson 3 Mini-Chart #1-B 20

Mini-Chart Lesson 3 Mini-Chart #2-A 21

Chapter IX Answers to Relative Bearings Practice Lesson 1. Brenton Reef light bears 225 T. Your current course is 059 T. The relative bearing of Brenton Reef light is 166. True Bearing - Ship's Heading = Relative Bearing - 225-059 = 166 2. Cleveland Ledge Channel light bears 325 relative. Your course is 135 T. The true bearing to the Cleveland Ledge Channel light is 100. Relative Bearing + Ships Heading = True Bearing - 325 + 135 = 100 (Remember when adding, if your total is over 360 you must subtract 360 ). 3. Rudee Inlet light bears 035 relative. Your course is 156 T. The true bearing to the Rudee Inlet light is 191. Relative Bearing + Ships Heading = True Bearing - 035 + 156 = 191 4. Moose head shoal light bears 224 T. Your course is 270 T. The relative bearing to the Moose head shoal light is 314. True Bearing - Ship's Heading = Relative Bearing - 224-270 = 314 (Remember when relative is less than ship's heading add 360 to answer). 5. Hell's Gate point light bears 270 relative. Your course is 180 T. The true bearing to Hell's Gate point light is 090. Relative Bearing + Ships Heading = True Bearing -270 + 180 = 090 6. The light at Keenan Point bears 066 T. Your course is 134 T. The relative bearing to Keenan Point light is 292. True Bearing - Ship's Heading = Relative Bearing - 066-134 = 292 7. Bull Shoals light bears 119 T. Your course is 235 T. The relative bearing to the light is 244. True Bearing - Ship's Heading = Relative Bearing - 119-235 = 244 8. The lighthouse at Judith point bears 340 relative. Your course is 080 T. The true bearing to the point Judith lighthouse is 060. Relative Bearing + Ships Heading = True Bearing -340 + 080 = 060 9. The buoy marked R4 Fl 4 sec bears 115 T. Your course is 220 T. The relative bearing of the buoy is 255. True Bearing - Ship's Heading = Relative Bearing - 115-220 = 255 10. Muscle shoals danger buoy bears 145 relative. Your course is 190 T. The true bearing to the danger buoy is 335. Relative Bearing + Ships Heading = True Bearing -145 + 190 = 335 22

Chapter X Answers to Mini-Chart #4 Lesson: 1. You are at position 37 01.3' N and 076 0.3' W at 0900. You are on a course of 112 psc and you have a deviation of 2 W. Your speed is 5 kts. At 1015 you get a loran fix of 37 02.0 N and 075 53.6 W. Compute the following items: Set 010 T Drift 1.5 kts CMG 083 T SMG 5.2 kts 2. At 1320 you are located at 36 58.7' N and 075 55.0 W. You are traveling at a speed of 6 kts on a course of 160 M. Your deviation is 2E on this heading. At 1430 you fix your position at 36 50.0' N and 075 55.0' W. Compute the following items: Set 233 T Drift 3.6 kts CMG 180 T SMG 7.4 kts 3. The time is 1600 and your position is 36 55.6 N and 075 50.9' W. You are on a course of 250 T, speed 4 kts and your deviation is 2 W. At 1715 Rudee Inlet MOA light bears 200 M and the lookout tower just south of 36 55.0' N bears 310 M. Plot your two bearing fix and find the set and drift information. Your 1715 fix is 36 52.6' N, 075 56.3' W. Set 200 T Drift 1.1 kts CMG 240 T SMG 4.9 kts Use a fresh Mini-Chart #4 to practice plotting the following. 4. At 1000 you are located at 37 02.0' N and 075 51.2' W. Your course is 205 psc and your speed is 7 kts. Your deviation is 5 W. At 1120 you get a fix by your GPS that shows your location of 36 54.0' N and 075 50.9' W. Calculate the following: Set 058 T Drift 1.7 kts CMG 178 T SMG 6.0 kts 5. It is high noon and you are located at 36 50.2' N and 075 55.5' W. You are on a course of 350 M, your deviation is 2 E and your speed is 8 kts. At 1245 you get a fix of 36 58.2' N and 075 55.8' W. Compute the following items: Set 038 T Drift 3.9 kts CMG 358 T SMG 10.7kts 6. At 1500 your position is 36 57.0' N and 075 58.9' W. Your course is 040 T. Your deviation is 3 E. Your speed is 5 kts. At 1615 you fix your position by a combination of ranges, bearings and depths that indicate that you are located at 37 00.' N and 075 56.3' W. Compute the following items: Set 220 T Drift 1.9 kts CMG 040 T SMG 3.1 kts 23

Mini-Chart #4 Questions 1-3 24

Mini-Chart #4 Questions 4-6 25

Chapter X Answers to Mini-Chart Lesson #5 1. You get underway at 1015 from a position of 36 54.5' N and 075 51.5 on a course of 332 psc at 6 kts. Your deviation is 2 W. You know that you will have a current setting you at 190 T at a drift of 1.5 kts. After traveling for 1 hour and 5 minutes, what will be your estimated position? 36 57.9' N Latitude 075 56.2' W Longitude Note that the current has pushed you into inbound traffic in the Commercial Traffic Separation Zone. 2. From a position of 37 00.3 N and 075 55.8 W you get underway at 1300 on a course of 060 M, your deviation is 3 E. Your speed is 5.8 kts and you know that you will be experiencing a current setting at 240 T at a speed of 1.7 kts. What will be your estimated position at 1405. 37 03.5' N Latitude 075 52.5' W Longitude 3. At 1512 you are at 37 05.6' N and 075 51.0 W on a course of 270 T and traveling at a speed of 6.3 kts. You will be experiencing a current of 210 T and a drift of 1.2 kts. After traveling for 1 hour and 17 minutes what will be your estimated position? 37 04.3 N Latitude 076 00.1 W Longitude 4. You depart 36 53.9' N and 075 57.7' W at 0917. Your boat's compass reads 073 and you are traveling at 5.5 kts. What is your estimated position after traveling for 1 hour and 6 minutes. Your compass error is 13 W and you have a current setting at 040 at 1.4 kts. 36 59.0' N Latitude 075 52.0' W Longitude 5. At 1147 you depart 37 00.5 N and 075 51.0 W on a course of 290 M at 6.3 kts. Deviation is 2 E. Your set is 100 T at 2.1 kts. Your estimated position at 1302 will be 37 01.5' N Latitude 075 56.4' W Longitude. 6. Your position at 1337 is 37 04.7 N and 076 00.0 W. You are on a course of 090 T at 6.3 kts. You have a current setting 180 at 2.3 kts. Your estimated position at 1500 is 37 01.5' N Latitude 075 51.0' W Longitude. 26

Mini-Chart #5 Questions 1-3 27

Mini-Chart #5 Questions 4-6 28

Chapter X Answers to Practice Chart Lesson #6 Note: The compass rose in this exercise is in intervals of 5. Your answers may vary by 5. 1. Course to make good: 090 T Speed = 5 knots Set = 210 T Drift = 2.0 knots Course to Steer = 070 T Speed made good = 3.7 kts Deviation is 4 W Course to steer psc = 084 2. Course to make good: 045 T Speed = 6.55 knots Set = 135 T Drift = 2.0 knots Course to Steer = 025 T Speed made good = 6.2 kts Deviation is 4 E Course to steer psc = 031 C 3. Course to make good: 235 T Speed = 6.2 knots Set = 315 T Drift = 3.5 knots Course to Steer = 200 T Speed made good = 5.8 kts Deviation is 6 W Course to steer psc = 216 C 29

4. Course to make good: 265 T Speed = 5.2 knots Set = 070 T Drift = 2.3 knots Course to Steer = 260 T Speed made good = 3.0 kts Deviation is 6 E Course to steer psc = 264 C 5. Course to make good: 150 T Speed = 5.3 knots Set = 050 Drift = 3.5 knots Course to Steer = 190 T Speed made good = 3.4 kts Deviation is 3 W Course to steer psc = 203 C 6. Course to make good: 020 T Speed = 5.9 knots Set = 090 T Drift = 1.9 knots Course to Steer = 000 T Speed made good = 6.2 kts Deviation is 2 E Course to steer psc = 008 C 30

Chapter X Answers to Estimating Time of Arrival Use Mini-Chart #3 Using the set and drift information in question 6 that you just did on the compass rose, at 1000 you fix your position at 41 38.2' N and 070 43.5' W. You start from this position and time and want to make good a course of 020 T. You are traveling at 5.9 knots according to your knotmeter. You do, however, have a known current setting you at 090 at a drift of 1.9 kts. You have already calculated that you need to steer a course of 008 PSC to make good your intended course and you have so instructed the helmsperson. What time should you arrive at marker W "2" at Dry Ledge? 1040 Using the set and drift information gathered in previous question 5 on the compass rose, plot your course from your current position at W "2" marker at Dry Ledge toward the Nyes Neck Tower (TR). You leave at 1045. At what time should you reach the point 0.6 nm NNW (approximately) of Nyes Neck Tower (TR) in 15 feet of water? 1147 You leave the position you found above at 1200. Using the set and drift information you calculated in question 4 on the compass rose, you want to make good a course which takes you to daymarker R "2A" off Angelica Point. What time should you arrive at daymarker R "2A" off Angelica Point? 1336 These questions can be a little tricky. The main reason is that you are given lots of extraneous information that is not needed. Don't try to overthink the question or read into what is being asked. Each question asks you to use the set and drift information from a previous exercise. It does not ask you to use any other information such as course made good or course to steer. Actually, the only set and drift information you will need is the Speed Made Good (SMG) ignore everything else. You may be asking, why write questions that are so confusing? The answer is, for those of you that may be taking the course to prepare yourself to take the USCG Captains License exam, these are exactly the kind of questions you will encounter Question 1 - Steps & Calculations: 1. Find your 1000 position. 2. Draw your 020 T course line to Marker W "2" at Dry Ledge. 3. Measure the distance from your 1000 location to the Marker. You should get 4.1 nm. 4. Now you have a simple DST problem with one exception instead of using your boat speed, you are going to use the 6.2 SMG from question 6 of the previous exercise. Distance / 6.2 SMG =.66 hours.66 X 60 = 39.6 or 40 minutes 1000 + 40 = 1040 31

Question 2 - Steps & Calculations: 1. At 1045 you leave marker W "2". 2. Draw your course line toward Nyes Neck Tower (TR). This line should be approximately 152 T. 3. Find the location of the point 0.6 nm NNW (approximately) of Nyes Neck Tower in 15 feet of water and measure the distance to this point. You should get 3.5 nm. (Note: approximately NNW does not mean exactly NNW) 4. Now you have a simple DST problem with one exception instead of using your boat speed, you are going to use the 3.4 SMG from question 5 of the previous exercise. 3.5 Distance / 3.4 SMG = 1.03 hours.03 X 60 = 1.03 or 1 hr 2 minutes 1045 + 0102 = 1147 Question 3 - Steps & Calculations: 1. At 1200 you leave point found in the previous question. 2. Draw your course line toward daymarker R "2A" off Angelica Point. This line should be approximately 263 T. 3. Measure the distance to this point. You should get 4.8 nm. 4. Now you have a simple DST problem with one exception instead of using your boat speed, you are going to use the 3.0 SMG from question 4 of the previous exercise. 4.8 Distance / 3.0 SMG = 1.6 hours.6 X 60 = 36min or 1 hr 36 minutes 1200 + 0136 = 1336 32

Mini-Chart #3 - ETA Practice Lesson 33

Chapter X Answers to Correcting for Leeway 1. You want to make good a course of 287 T. Variation is 10 W and deviation is 2 E. What course would you steer by your magnetic compass if you are experiencing a 4 leeway caused by a northerly wind? 299 C 2. You want to make good a course of 186 T. Variation is 4 E and deviation is 2 W. What course would you steer by your magnetic compass if you are experiencing a 3 leeway caused by an easterly wind? 181 C 3. You want to make good a course of 097 T. Variation is 5 W and deviation is 4 E. What course would you steer by your magnetic compass if you are experiencing a 5 leeway caused by a southerly wind? 103 C 4. You want to make good a course of 005 T. Variation is 7 E and deviation is 2 W. What course would you steer by your magnetic compass if you are experiencing a 6 leeway caused by a westerly wind? 354 C 5. You want to make good a course of 245 T. Variation is 14 W and deviation is 4 E. What course would you steer by your magnetic compass if you are experiencing a 4 leeway caused by a northerly wind? 259 C 34

Chapter XI Answers to Time and Height of Tides at Reference Stations Practice Lesson: 1. What is the time of the first low tide at Miami Harbor Entrance on February 15? 0458 EST 2. The time of the last high tide on January 17 at Miami Harbor Entrance is 1245 EDT? 3. The time of the first high tide at Key West on May 23 is 0839 EDT. The charted water depth is 25 feet, what would the water depth be at that time? 27.1 FT 4. On April 15, at Miami Harbor Entrance, the height of tide at 1032 is 2.3 ft. Your charted water depth is 20 feet. What is the depth at that time? 22.3 ft. 5. On May 25, at Key West, the afternoon low tide is at 1602 EST. The charted water depth at your location is 15 feet. What is the depth at that time? 14.4 ft. 6. What is the correction for Miami Harbor on March 29 at 2155 EST? 3.2 ft. 7. What is the depth of water at Miami Harbor on June 24th at 1442 if the charted depth is 35 feet? 34.4 ft. 8. What will be the depth of water at Key West on April 13 at 1138 EDT if the charted depth is 30 feet at you location. 31.7 ft. 9. What is the correction for the charted depth on May 12 at Miami Harbor at 0951 EDT. 2.5 ft. 10. What is the time of the first low tide at Miami Harbor on June 28. 0643 EDT Chapter XI Answers to Tide Heights and Times at Subordinate Stations Practice Lesson: 1. Calculate the times and heights of the latest tides at Adams Key on April 22. High Water Time: 2008 Height of High Water: 1.5 Low Water Time: 1334 Height of Low Water: -0.1 The charted depth is 16 feet, what is the corrected depth at the latest tides. High Water: 17.5 Low Water: 15.9 2. Calculate the times and heights of the earliest tides at Munson Island on February 10. High Water Time: 0924 Height of High Water: 1.1 Low Water Time: 0319 Height of Low Water: -0.2 The charted depth is 26 feet, what is the corrected depth at the latest tides. High Water: 27.1 Low Water: 25.8 35

3. Calculate the times & heights of the latest tides at Mosquito Bank on June 21. High Water Time: 1854 Height of High Water: 2.6 Low Water Time: 1236 Height of Low Water: -0.5 The charted depth is 18 feet, what is the corrected depth at the latest tides. High Water: 20.6 Low Water: 17.5 4. Calculate the times & heights of the earliest tides at Molasses Key on May 1. High Water Time: 0146 Height of High Water: 0.8 Low Water Time: 0703 Height of Low Water: 0.3 The charted depth is 12 feet, what is the corrected depth at the earliest tides. High Water: 12.8 Low Water: 12.3 5. Calculate the times & heights of the latest tides at Big Spanish Key on February 27. High Water Time: 1358 Height of High Water: 3.2 Low Water Time: 2100 Height of Low Water: -0.6 The charted depth is 17 feet, what is the corrected depth at the latest tides. High Water: 20.2 Low Water: 16.4 6. Calculate the times & heights of the earliest tides at Mayo Key on May 2. High Water Time: 0717 Height of High Water: 1.0 Low Water Time: 1134 Height of Low Water: 0.5 The charted depth is 9 feet, what is the corrected depth at the earliest tides. High Water: 10.0 Low Water: 9.5 7. Calculate the times & heights of the latest tides at Alligator Reef Light on January 14. High Water Time: 2243 Height of High Water: 1.9 Low Water Time: 1632 Height of Low Water: -0.2 The charted depth is 15 feet, what is the corrected depth at the latest tides. High Water: 16.9 Low Water: 14.8 8. Calculate the times & heights of the earliest tides at Money Key on May 5. High Water Time: 0723 Height of High Water: 0.8 Low Water Time: 1404 Height of Low Water: 0.1 The charted depth is 10 feet, what is the corrected depth at the earliest tides. High Water: 10.8 Low Water: 10.1 9. Calculate the times & heights of the earliest tides at Alligator Reef Light on March 17. High Water Time: 1143 Height of High Water: 1.7 Low Water Time: 0538 Height of Low Water: 0.2 The charted depth is 18 feet, what is the corrected depth at the earliest tides. High Water: 19.7 Low Water: 18.2 10. Calculate the times & heights of the latest tides at Middle Torch Key on February 14. High Water Time: 1210 Height of High Water: 1.0 Low Water Time: 1935 Height of Low Water: 0.0 The charted depth is 26 feet, what is the corrected depth at the latest tides. High Water: 27 Low Water: 26 36

Chapter XI Answers to Current Problems at Reference Stations Practice Lesson: 1. At what time is the first slack before the first ebb current at San Francisco Bay Entrance on January 14. 0551 2. What is the set and drift at the San Diego Bay Entrance on March 23 at 0635? Set 355 T Drift 1.5 kts 3. What time is the first slack before flood on March 15 at San Diego Entrance? 1126 4. What is the duration of time between slack and the first flood on January 30 at the San Diego Bay Entrance? 3 hrs 36 min 5. What is the maximum velocity, direction and time of the last ebb current on February 28th at San Diego Bay Entrance? 0.3 velocity 175 T direction 1711 time 6. On Sunday March 14, at the San Francisco Bay Entrance, the time of the last slack before ebb is 1926. What is the time of the next maximum ebb and what is the velocity? 2133 time 1.5 kts velocity 7. It is February 7 and you are attempting to enter the San Diego Bay Entrance at 1248. You are on a course of 355 T at 5 kts. What would be the speed you would be making as you enter the Bay? 2.1 kts. 8. On February 5 at 1129 you are leaving San Diego Bay on a course of 175 T. You are showing 5 kts on your knot meter. What is your speed over ground? 7.8 kts. 9. On March 29 what is the time of the last slack before flood at the San Francisco Bay Entrance? 2341 What is the date and time of the next maximum flood? 0248 time 3/30 date 10. The first maximum ebb, at San Diego Bay Entrance, on February 21 is 0021 at a velocity of 1.5 kts. What is the date and time of the slack before this ebb? 2/20 date 2136 time 37

Chapter XI Answers to Current Corrections at Subordinate Stations Practice Lesson: 1. What are the times of the first ebb and flood south of Ballast Point on January 14? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 1038 Set: 044 T Drift: 0.3 kts MAX EBB: Time: 0314 Set: 238 T Drift: 0.3 kts 2. What are the times of the last ebb and flood 0.92 miles southwest of Twenty Eighth St. Pier on March 12? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 2001 Set: 182 T Drift: 0.2 kts MAX EBB: Time: 1521 Set: 351 T Drift: 0.1 kts 3. What are the times of the last ebb and flood at South Channel on February 21? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 2113 Set: 023 T Drift: 1.3 kts MAX EBB: Time: 1448 Set: 180 T Drift: 1.6 kts 4. What are the times of the first ebb and flood at " SW of Alcatraz" on March 12? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 1252 Set: 080 T Drift: 1.7 kts MAX EBB: Time: 0554 Set: 260 T Drift: 2.4 kts Note: The first flood at a subordinate station on a certain date may not be based on the first at the reference station. 5. What are the times of the last ebb and flood at "Coronado, off northeast end" on January 27? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 2008 Set: 128 T Drift: 0.7 kts MAX EBB: Time: 1511 Set: 317 T Drift: 0.7 kts 6. What are the times of the last ebb and flood at Sweetwater Channel on May 15? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 1440 Set: 203 T Drift: 0.1 kts MAX EBB: Time: 2210 Set: 348 T Drift: 0.3 kts 7. What are the times of the first ebb and flood at "28th St. Pier,.35 nm, SW" on June 21? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 0800 Set: 133 T Drift: 0.5 kts MAX EBB: Time: 0116 Set: 317 T Drift: 0.5 kts 8. What are the times of the first ebb and flood at Baker Beach, So. Bay on June 30? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 0334 Set: 038 T Drift: 1.4 kts MAX EBB: Time: 1010 Set: 208 T Drift: 0.6kts 38

9. What are the times of the last ebb and flood at "Treasure Island,.78 NW of" on May 1? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 1722 Set: 122 T Drift: 1.4 kts MAX EBB: Time: 2233 Set: 292 T Drift: 1.1 kts 10. What are the times of the last ebb and flood at "Bayoneta I., 1.5 miles W of" on April 17? What is the set and drift of the maximum currents at that location? MAX FLOOD: Time: 2204 Set: 005 T Drift: 1.9 kts MAX EBB: Time: 1448 Set: 200 T Drift: 1.2 kts Chapter XII Answers to The Coast Pilot Practice Lesson: 1. What is the height of Block Island Southeast light? 258 feet 2. What wreck is located 0.2 miles southeast of Block Island Southeast light? "SS Lightburne" 3. What charts cover the area of Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay? 13218 4. Your draft is 7 feet, should you be concerned with Alleghany Rock? Yes, the rock is only covered to 6 feet. 5. What is the mean range of tide in Vineyard Sound? 1.4 to 2.9 6. What is the length of Block Island? 5 miles 7. Block Island North Reef forms the eastern approach to Long Island Sound, Fishers Island Sound, and Bardiners Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. 8. The only anchorage in Vineyard Sound providing shelter from all winds for vessels drawing more than 10 feet is Woods Hole. 9. Vineyard Haven Harbor has depths that range from 46 to 15 feet. 10. The western entrance to Vineyard Sound has a tidal current turning clockwise. 39

Chapter XII Answers to The Light List Practice Lesson: 1. What is the position of the Block Island Southeast Radiobeacon? 41 09.2 N 071 33.1 W 2. What is its nominal range? 20 nm 3. What is the identifying number of the Buzzards Bay Entrance Radiobeacon? 651 4. What is the frequency on which it operates? 314 khz 5. What is the characteristic of Watch Hill Lighted Whistle Buoy WH? MO(A) W 6. Find the Geographic range of a light that is 45 feet high and your height of eye is 15 feet. 12.3 nm 7.8 + 4.5 = 12.3 7. Find the Geographic range of a light that is 15 feet high and your height of eye is 5 feet. 7.1 nm 4.5 + 2.6 = 7.1 8. Find the Geographic range of a light that is 52.5 feet high and your height of eye is 17.5 feet. 13.35 nm 8.5 + 4.85 = 13.35 Note: Extrapolate when the heights fall between those given in the table. 9. Find the luminous range of a light with a nominal range of 15 Miles and the meteorological visibility is 1.5 nm. 4 nm 10. Find the luminous range of a light with a nominal range of 20 Miles and the meteorological visibility is 5.5 nm. 12 nm 40

Chapter XIII Answers to Putting It All Together: It is 0900 and you have been drift fishing, without much luck, since dawn. You decide to move but, being a conscientious navigator, you fix your position first. You consult your chart and find that you have a variation of 14 W. (Use this variation for all parts of this question.) 1. Using your hand-bearing compass, you find the Fl 10sec 74ft 16M HORN at Cleveland East Edge bears 354M. At the same time you find the lookout tower at West Falmouth bears 094M. Your 0900 two bearing fix is 41 35.5' N Latitude and 070 40.5' W Longitude. 2. You set out from this location at 0900 on a course of 345 PSC. Your deviation is 3 W and you are operating at a speed of 5.5 kts. At what time should you have marker R "14" Fl R 2.5 sec broad on your starboard beam? 0926 What will be its relative bearing at that time? 090 T 3. You continue on this course and at approximately 0920 you notice that you have marker R "12" Fl R broad off your starboard bow. What might this mean? You are being slowed and pushed south by current. 4. At 0950 you get a GPS fix that puts you at 41 38.0' N and 070 45.0' W. What was the set and drift that you experienced that put you at this location? Set: 214 T Drift: 1.9 kts 5. From this new position, and at the same speed, you want to make good a course of 056 T. Your deviation is 3 E. Not yet taking into consideration set and drift, what course PSC would you steer? 067 C 6. Applying the set and drift found above, what would be your estimated position at 1015? Latitude 41 38.7' N Longitude 070 43.0' W Since this estimated position seems to be putting you back where you should have been at approximately 0940 this morning, it would appear that if you do nothing to correct your course you will be going in circles or perhaps worse "back in time!" 7. What is the True course necessary to steer to make good your intended course of 067 psc. Deviation is still 3 E? CTS 048 T What will be our SMG? 3.8 kts SMG What course psc will we steer? 059 C 8. You give instructions to the helmsperson to correct for set and drift and continue on your intended track. You want to keep out of Cleveland Ledge Channel because of 41

heavy traffic, so you intend to change course when G "13" Bell (located at 41 40.0' N) bears 214 relative and the traffic light at Wings Neck bears 070 M. What is the latitude and longitude of this position? Latitude 41 40.0' N Longitude 070 41.3' W What time will you be at this position? 1044 What is the True direction to G "13" Bell? 270 T *Remember when advancing using set and drift corrections, when asked for an ETA, you will use your speed made good as your speed of advance. 9. From this position, you decide to make way for Swift Beach on a course of 340 T. Again ignoring set and drift, you proceed at 4.7 kts and figure you'll just get a running fix at 1110 to check your progress. At 1110 the Traffic Lt at Wings Neck bears 134 M. Advance your 1039 bearing on the Traffic Lt to find your 1110 running fix. What is the location of your running fix? Latitude 41 42.1' N Longitude 070 42.7' W Should you continue on this course? NO If not, why not? You are about to run into Grant Hill Point. 10. Having narrowly escaped a grounding, you decide to call it a day and head back home to your mooring at West Falmouth Harbor. You want to enter the harbor, between markers G 13 C"1" and Fl 4sec "2A" at the entrance to the harbor on a course of 110 T. In order to line up your approach, you program into your GPS a position on this approaches' reciprocal which is 0.5 miles from the entrance markers. What is this position which you will enter as a waypoint? Latitude 41 36.7' N Longitude 070 40.2' W 11. You decide once again to ignore set and drift on the way home and rely on your GPS's cross track error and autopilot interface to monitor and correct your course. From your 1110 running fix position, at a speed of 6 kts, what direction will you steer PSC (your deviation is 2 W) to get to the waypoint you entered? 176 C What is the distance to the waypoint? 5.7 nm What is your estimated time enroute (ETE)? 57 min. What is your ETA if you left your 1110 running fix location at 1115? 1212 42

XIII - Mini-Chart #3 - Putting it all together Practice Lesson 43