Mariusz R. Sapota University of Gdansk Institute of Oceanography Department of Marine Biology and Ecology Anna Dziubińska University of Gdansk Institute of Oceanography Department of Experimental Ecology of Marine Organisms Biological and ecological features, enough to predict invasion? the round goby case
Invasion of the round goby the Gulf of Gdańsk the Great Lakes Lake Superior Gulf of Gdańsk Lake Ontario Lake Huron Puck Bay Lake Erie Lake Michigan Gdynia Gdańsk 1990
Niagara Falls Gdańsk
Occurrence of round goby in the Gulf of Gdańsk 1990 Puck Lagoon Puck Bay Hel Gdynia Gdańsk 10 km
Round goby features Main zone of occurence Prefered type of bottom Size Life span Period of spawn Multi spawners Nests building and defense Nests substrate Pelagic forms in life Occupied waters Range of migration Type of food Shallow water, bottom Solid (rocks, stones, gravel) up to 25 cm TL 3 4 years J F M A M J J A S O N D Yes Yes Solid (stones, rocks) No Marine Brackish Fresh water Short Bivalves, arthropods
survival rate 1.0 Embryogenesis temperature dependent success 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 time [days]
Round goby features Main zone of occurence Prefered type of bottom Size Life span Period of spawn Multi spawners Nests building and defense Nests substrate Pelagic forms in life Occupied waters Range of migration Type of food Shallow water, bottom Solid (rocks, stones, gravel) up to 25 cm TL 3 4 years J F M A M J J A S O N D Yes Yes Solid (stones, rocks) No Marine Brackish Fresh water Short Bivalves, arthropods
Energetic value 142 kj Spawning
Heavy metals content 326 2049 439 200 150 µg g 1 w.w. 100 50 * 0 Cu Zn Cd Fe Pb Mn Source: Rainbow P.S., Fialkowski W., Sokolowski A., Smith B.D., Wolowicz M., 2004, Geographical and seasonal variation of trace metal bioavailabilities in the Gulf of Gdansk, Poland using mussels (Mytilus trossulus) and barnacles (Balanus improvisus) as biomonitors. Marine Biology, 144(2): 271 286 * blue round mussel goby max. min. (liver)
Accumulation of chlorinated hydrocarbons lipid content [ng g 1 l.w.] lipid content [% w.w.] ΣPCBs ΣDDT ΣHCH round blue goby mussel herring eelpout sculpin trout Source: Sapota G. 2004. Persistent organic pollutants in the environment of the Baltic Sea. Pesticides (3 4): 167 173
Round goby features Main zone of occurence Prefered type of bottom Size Life span Period of spawn Multi spawners Nests building and defense Nests substrate Pelagic forms in life Occupied waters Range of migration Type of food Shallow water, bottom Solid (rocks, stones, gravel) up to 25 cm TL 3 4 years J F M A M J J A S O N D Yes Yes Solid (stones, rocks) No Marine Brackish Fresh water Short Bivalves, arthropods
Occurrence of round goby in the Gulf of Gdańsk Puck Lagoon Gdynia 2001-1990 1992 1994 1997 1999 Puck Bay Hel area (square kilometers) 500 400 300 200 100 0 Gdańsk 10 km
Plutnica Mouth Kuznica Jastarnia Osłonino Babie Doły Hel Gdynia Gdańsk
Nest size Plutnica Mouth Kuznica big nests Osłonino Gdynia smal nests Gdansk
distance [m] 4.0 Nests distance Plutnica Mouth Kuznica 3.5 3.0 2.5 Jastarnia Osłonino 2.0 native region (Pintchuk 1991) Babie Doły 1.5 1.0 Hel Gdynia 0.5 0.0 Gdansk Location average min. - max.
10 m 10 m
Błądzikowo Kuźnica Ryf Mew number Jastarnia biomass Mechelinki Hel Redłowo round goby perch flounder Sopot Gdańsk
9 tons of blue mussel feeding 3 200 000 kj 12 g Cu 35 g Zn 5 g Fe 7 g Mn 0.3 mg ΣHCH 10.6 mg ΣDDT 21.8 mg ΣPCB
Conclusions Settlement of non-indigenous round goby in the Gulf of Gdańsk was possible to predict Basing on obtained data from native regions it was impossible to predict the scale of invasion Round goby invasion in the Gulf of Gdańsk shows that unexpected/ unpredictable change in non-indigenous species behavior might promote successful invasion