Little Spokane River- PCB in Fish Tissue Verification Study. Michael Friese Toxics Studies Unit Washington Department of Ecology

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Little Spokane River- PCB in Fish Tissue Verification Study Michael Friese Toxics Studies Unit Washington Department of Ecology

Project Objectives Assess current levels of PCBs in the Little Spokane River. Last sampling conducted in 1997 produced category 5 303(d) listings. Sampling Collected fish (as composites) upstream and downstream of the Spokane fish hatchery and analyze for PCB congeners. Collected sediment samples from spatially representative locations and analyze for PCB congeners. Collected water with Continuous Low-Level Aquatic Monitoring (CLAM) devices at two stream locations during high and low flow and analyze for PCB congeners.

7 Sediment Sites: Eloika Deer/Milan Colbert Little Deep Deadman Hatchery Painted Rocks 2 Water Sampling Sites: Deer/Milan- upstream reference site Painted Rocks- downstream of tributaries and major groundwater influences 3 Fish Collection Sites: Deer/Milan- upstream Colbert- midstream Hatchery- downstream

t-pcb in Little Spokane River Fish Species Concentration (ug/kg) Sample Type Year Collected Number in Composite Data Source Mountain whitefish 145 Fillet 1994 8 Ecology, 1995 Mountain whitefish 235 Fillet 1994 8 Ecology, 1995 Mountain whitefish 285 Fillet 1994 8 Ecology, 1995 Cutthroat trout 188 Fillet 1994 1 Ecology, 1995 Largescale Sucker 440 Whole Fish 1994 5 Ecology, 1995 Mountain whitefish 164 Fillet 1996 8 Johnson, 1997 Mountain whitefish 130 Fillet 1996 8 Johnson, 1997 Mountain whitefish 53 Fillet 1996 8 Johnson, 1997 Largescale Sucker 336 Whole Fish 1996 5 Johnson, 1997 Rainbow Trout 4 Fillet 2014 3 Present Study Rainbow Trout 11 Fillet 2014 3 Present Study Northern Pikeminnow 62 Fillet 2014 3 Present Study Mountain Whitefish 33 Fillet 2014 1 Present Study Rainbow Trout 12 Fillet 2014 1 Present Study FTEC 5.3 Fillet n/a 3 National Toxics Rule

70 60 50 Total PCB in Little Spokane River Fish 377 mm Fish Sampled from 3 Locations: 1) Deer/Milan- upstream site, reference location 2) Colbert- Mid-river 3) Hatchery- downstream site, just below Spokane Fish Hatchery 40 ug/kg 30 300 mm 20 302 mm 319 mm 10 0 247 mm Fish Tissue Equivalent Concentration (FTEC) 5.3 ug/kg Downstream of Hatchery Rainbow Trout Downstream of Hatchery Mountain Whitefish Downstream of Hatchery Northern Pikeminnow Deer/MilanRainbow Trout Colbert Rainbow Trout

Distribution of Little Spokane River Fish t-pcb Results Within Statewide t-pcb Results 1,000.0 2001-2013 Statewide FFCMP 2014 Little Spokane River 100.0 t-pcb (ug/kg) 10.0 Washington FTEC (5.3 ug/kg) 1.0 0.1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Percentile

Water samples collected with CLAM samplers National Toxics Rule Human Health Criteria (as FTEC) = 170 pg/l (sample volumes above histogram bars) CLAM Water Samples and Blanks (pg/l) 100 75 50 19.4 L 28.0 L 25 0 Painted Rocks Fall Blank Painted Rocks Fall Sample Deer Park/Milan Fall Blank Deer Park/Milan Fall Sample Painted Rocks Spring Blank Painted Rocks Spring Sample Painted Rocks Spring Rep Blank Painted Rocks Spring Rep Sample Deer Park/Milan Spring Blank Deer Park/Milan Spring Sample picograms/liter 55.2 L 48.8 L 35.7L Take home message- PCB concentrations were not high enough to separate from the background noise. PCB levels in Little Spokane River water were too low to reliably quantify.

Total PCB in Little Spokane River Sediments (ug/kg) Eloika Sediment Cleanup Objective = 110 ug/kg (WAC 173-204) Deek Pk/Milan Colbert Little Deep Crk Deadman Crk Hatchery Painted Rocks 0 1 2 3 4 Total PCB (ug/kg)

Conclusions: 3 of 4 fish composite samples exceeded Human Health Criteria (as FTEC) from the National Toxics Rule. Despite blank issues and system noise, CLAM collected water samples indicate low concentrations of PCB in water. Sediment results show a pattern of PCB concentrations increasing downstream, concentrations range from 0.5 to 3.9 ug/kg. PCB concentrations in most fish tissue are at or just above background levels, Northern Pikeminnoware elevated above Washington background levels which were established during an Ecology study that assessed PCB concentrations in waterbodiesthat exhibited relatively low direct impact from human activities.

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