Local Traffic Management Tools for local agencies
Overview: How to assess impacts of new road opening How to assess impacts of a large, special event How to manage traffic signal systems
Elkhart County
How to assess impacts of new road opening CR17 Extension: 4-lane divided roadway replacing 2-lane standard county road
Toll Road CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension Elkhart CR17 Goshen
Toll Road CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension Elkhart Existing Section CR17 Questions: What are traffic impacts of improved access after construction of new section More traffic? Route changes? New Section CR38 Goshen Manufacturing and Commercial areas CR40
CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension Completed with: Tube counters Radar counter Bluetooth data collectors
Bluetooth Matching CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension Bluetooth: a wireless protocol utilizing short-range communications technology facilitating data transmission over short distances from fixed and/or mobile devices MAC Address: a 48 bit (>28 trillion) unique address assigned to a device by its manufacturer. Matches are anonymous, like license plate matching.
Toll Road CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension Elkhart CR17 Study Area Goshen
7274 10141 7287 5549 5065 3703 CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension ADT at select locations Before and After Opening of New Section (2011 vs 2012) 6187 3539 4255 4265 9594 10191 2011 2012 1875 1953
7274 10141 +2800 7287 5549-1700 CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension 5065 3703-1300 ADT at select locations Before and After Opening of New Section (2011 vs 2012) 6187 3539 4255 +700 CR 38 ADT 12000 10000 10067 9309 9278 9594 10191 4265 +600 ADT 8000 6000 9594 10191 4000 2000 2011 2012 1875 1953 +80 0 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012 YEAR Even with new road open, just back to 2006 levels at main crossing
D E CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension F Bluetooth Origin-Destination Study 34% G Before New Section Complete (2011) Route Splits of Vehicles Passing Thru Point E and SR119 ( G ), CR38 ( H ) & CR40 ( I ) 57% H 2011 9% I
D E CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension F Bluetooth Origin-Destination Study Route Splits of Vehicles Passing Thru Point D and SR119 ( G ), CR38 ( H ) & CR40 ( I ) 26% G 67% H 2012 7% I
D E CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension F Bluetooth Origin-Destination Study 13% 27.5% Route Splits of Vehicles Passing Thru Point D and SR119 ( G ) 59% G H 2012 I
D E CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension F Bluetooth Origin-Destination Study Route Splits of Vehicles Passing Thru Point D and CR38 ( H ) 24.6% G 72% 3.4% H 2012 I
D E CR17 Traffic Study Before and After 4-Lane Extension F Bluetooth Origin-Destination Study Route Splits of Vehicles Passing Thru Point D and CR40 ( I ) G 15.8% 31.6% H 52.6% 2012
How to asses impacts of large, special event Elkhart County 4-H Fair: Are visitors to event being well served by transportation infrastructure? How are they getting to/from the fair? Can improvements be made? 45000 Daily Attendance 40000 Average Daily Attendance = 27,200 Total for week = 245,000 Attendance 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 Date
Fairs have a historic place in traffic engineering Dr. Greenshields measured cars going to the Ohio State Fair in 1933 with a camera system to develop first traffic flow theory.
Toll Road Elkhart County Fair Elkhart CR17 Fairgrounds Goshen
Vehicle Counts Data Collection Time Lapse Camera Travel Time Origin/Destination Device Deployment
Data Collection Bluetooth Case Fair Road Tubes Device Deployment
Data Collection Parking Time Lapse Cameras Device Deployment
Fair Traffic Directional Splits Findings 4% at CR 17 and CR 18 44% 65% 30% 6% 5% 10% 5% Origin/Destination
Traffic to/from West Findings 55% 25% 20% 19% 6% Signed Route to/from Fair Origin/Destination
Traffic to/from South Findings 50% Traffic to/from south evenly uses east and west approaches 50% Origin/Destination
Peak Inbound Hour (7-21) (vehicles per hour) Findings 96 131 54 15 550 58 Peak inbound hour is typically 4:45 5:45 PM, earlier on weekends Traffic Counts
Peak Outbound Hour (7-21) (vehicles per hour) Findings 199 419 244 94 553 150 Peak outbound hour is typically 9:00 10:00 PM, later on weekends Traffic Counts
250 CR 34- US 33 TO LOGAN ST. Findings 200 Traffic Flow Vehicles Per 15 Minute Period 150 100 7/21 WB 7/21 EB 50 0 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time 1200 900 Travel Time Travel Time (s) 600 300 Outbound Inbound 0 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 0:00 Time of Day Traffic Flow
250 CR 34- US 33 TO LOGAN ST. Findings 200 Traffic Flow Vehicles Per 15 Minute Period 150 100 7/21 WB 7/21 EB 50 0 1200 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 Time 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Traffic backups shown as reduction in flow and increase in travel time 900 Travel Time Travel Time (s) 600 300 Outbound Inbound 0 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 0:00 Time of Day Traffic Flow
250 CR 34- US 33 TO LOGAN ST. Findings 200 Traffic Flow Vehicles Per 15 Minute Period 150 100 7/21 WB 7/21 EB 50 0 1200 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 Time 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Outbound flow also restricted at peak release time 900 Travel Time Travel Time (s) 600 300 Outbound Inbound 0 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 0:00 Time of Day Traffic Flow
Findings 6:58 Average of 6 cars parked per minute (approx. 360 cars per hour) per parking crew Peak daily inbound flow is approx. 700 cars per hour 6:59 Time Lapse
Findings Video Time Lapse
Potential Impact of New Link to CR36 Using 7/21 Peak Hours as Example Suggestions Current Peak Hour Potential Peak Hour Potential to reduce traffic on CR34 by ~10% 553 498 131 73 550 495 419 269 113 205 Based on origin/destination study: new link traffic estimated to gain all CR31 traffic, as well as half of southbound traffic now using CR34 to US33. Numbers are just to give idea of relative potential, actual usage will depend on many factors including visitor knowledge of route and signage. Link to CR36
Link to CR36 Link to CR36 has potential to reduce traffic on CR34 toward Goshen by ~ 10% Good signage and dissemination of information to public about the new route will help it to succeed Suggestions Signed Alternate Route to Fair using CR38 Only 6% of people going to/from fair from the west use signed route along CR38. 55% 25% 20% 19% Signed Route to/from Fair 6% Observations
CR34 (Monroe Street) CR34 will still see bulk of traffic, dealing with traffic issues there will remain important CR34 is not at theoretical capacity Conflicting traffic movements and backups from parking lots reduce this capacity Left turn s into parking lots Right turn s waiting to enter fair grounds backing onto CR34 during peaks Blackport Road Slow vehicles and pedestrians Suggestions CR34 Improvements
Suggestions CR34 (Monroe Street) No place to pass slow vehicles Traffic turning left into parking lots can t be passed Occasional right turn traffic into parking lots spills back to road Right turn lane to Gate 5, may need more lanes like this at Gates 1 and 2 CR34 Improvements
CR34 (Monroe Street) Selective Areas of Widening Suggestions Blackport Blister to allow passing of left turn traffic at Gate 1 Right turn lane at Gate 2 Position permit checkers at distance from CR34 to keep queues from backing up To CR34 Future option: Re-align Gate 1 with Blackport CR34 Improvements
CR34 (Monroe Street) Selective Areas of Widening Suggestions Blister to allow passing of left turn traffic at Gate 5 CR34 Improvements
CR34 (Monroe Street) Add 10 (min) Shoulders Along Fairgrounds Suggestions Shoulders on both sides of CR34 Shoulders provide: space to pass turning and slow vehicles room for emergency vehicles to bypass traffic effective right-turn lanes near gates CR34 Improvements
Traffic Signal Performance Measures Originally developed for use by INDOT Adapted to local agencies through an LTAP project Primarily 7 basic measures to help ensure signals are operating well engineering level analysis tools Coordination Cycle timings Volumes Split Failures Etc
2003 Performance Measure Evolution 2006 Central System 2011 Procurement Specification Exceptional (6) Highly Favorable (5) After 2010 Favorable (4) Random (3) 2008 UnFavorable (2) Before Poor (1) 00:00:00 04:00:00 08:00:00 12:00:00 16:00:00 20:00:00 00:00:00 Time of Day
How Current PM Systems work: Replace second cabinet/hardwired logging system With a smart controller
Performance Measures Elkhart County, IN Even Useful on a Small System 15 miles of fiber optic along CR17 14 county signals on fiber network 4 INDOT signals on fiber network 1 microwave link 4 signals on broadband radio 7 signals with no data connection 1 Centracs system 10 FLIR thermal sensors 3 full time linux bluetooth stations 5 PTZ cameras
Performance Measures Elkhart County, IN Even Useful on a Small System CR17 15 miles of fiber optic along CR17 14 county signals on fiber network 4 INDOT signals on fiber network 1 microwave link 4 signals on broadband radio 7 signals with no data connection 1 Centracs system 10 FLIR thermal sensors 3 full time linux bluetooth stations 5 PTZ cameras
Free Op. C=75 C=90 Cycle Length Plan Change At 0500 Plan Change At 1300 Plan Change At 2000
Cycle Length
Cycle Length
Cycle Length 60 Cycle Lengths Mismatched 75
Performance Measures Next Step: Adapt Performance Measures, now mostly Engineering Analysis Tools, to Maintenance functions. Possibilities include: Detection Failures Changes in traffic patterns arrival on green change in volumes on an approach Loss of communication
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