MATHEMATICAL MODEL STUDY OF THE EFFLUENT DISPOSAL FROM A DESALINATION PLANT IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AT TUTICORIN Presented by Mr.Danish.D.R M.Tech Coastal Management Institute for Ocean Management Anna University, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India. 14-4-214 1
PRESENTATION OUTLINE INTRODUCTION STUDY AREA OBJECTIVE METHODOLOGY GOVERNING EQUATION AD Equation Concentration Plant details RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION 14-4-214 2
INTRODUCTION Desalination - removal of dissolved minerals of the sea water Why Desalination? Scarcity of water and increase in demand for water Proposal for desalination plants of 1 MLD capacity units along the eastern coast of Tamil Nadu Greatest challenge brine discharge and disposal in sea water By-products of SWRO desal plants maintains ambient temperature but increases the salinity by more than 1% There is no better alternative for brine disposal other than the marine outfalls 9% of desalination plants dispose their effluents through specially designed outfalls Location of discharge outfalls to be present in less sensitive coastal region. 14-4-214 3
OBJECTIVE To determine optimum location for the outfall. To predict the fate of the effluent using numerical model (MIKE 21) 14-4-214 4
STUDY AREA 14-4-214 5
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METHODOLOGY HYDRODYNAMIC DATA (SECONDARY DATA) TIDES CURRENTS MODELLING OF EFFLUENT DISCHARGE MIKE21 (FLOW MODEL) SAMPLES 14-4-214 7
GOVERNING EQUATION - AD Equation hh + uuu + vvv = h. D x. + h. D y. F. h. c + S Where, c : Compound concentration (arbitrary axis) u, v : Horizontal velocity components in the X,Y direction (m/s) h D x, D y : Water depth (m) : Dispersion coefficient in X,Y direction (m 2 /s) F : Linear decay co-efficient (Sec -1 ) S : Qs, (Cs-C) Qs : Source/Sink discharge (m 3 /s/m 2 ) Cs : Concentration of compound in the source/sink discharge. 14-4-214 8
GOVERNING EQUATION - CONCENTRATION C = (C 1 X 1 +C 2 X 2 )/X 3 Where, C 1 - Sea water concentration kg/m 3 C 1 - Drinking water concentration kg/m 3 C 2 - Brine concentration kg/m 3 X 1 - Drinking water capacity MLD X 2 - Brine outfall capacity MLD X 3 - Seawater intake capacity MLD 14-4-214 9
PLANT DETAILS PLANT DETAILS Plant capacity Plant intake Brine outfall Sea water concentration Brine Concentration DESCRIPTION 1 MLD (4166.67 m 3 /hr) 237 MLD (9875 m 3 /hr) 137 MLD (578.33 m 3 /hr) 35 PSU 48 PSU (13 PSU in excess) 14-4-214 1
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 14-4-214 11
BATHYMETRY 14-4-214 12
WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION FOR TUTICORIN COAST FOR THE YEAR 212 4 4 35 3.5 3 3 Wind direction (Degrees) 25 2 15 2.5 2 1.5 Wind speed (km/hr) 1 1 5.5 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 11 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 181 191 21 211 221 231 241 251 261 271 281 291 31 311 321 331 341 351 361 No of Days Wind Direction Wind Speed 14-4-214 13
AVERAGE SEASONAL WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION FOR TUTICORIN COAST FOR THE YEAR 212 Season Month Wind Speed (km/hr) (Degrees) Winter Jan & Feb 1.95 64 Summer Mar-May 1.63 21 South West Monsoon Jun- Sep 2.23 214 North East Monsoon Oct-Dec 1.98 13 Source ASCAT satellite NOAA 14-4-214 14
WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION OF WINTER (JAN & FEB) FOR TUTICORIN COAST FOR THE YEAR 212 4 3.5 35 3 3 2.5 Wind direction (Degrees) 25 2 15 2 1.5 Wind speed (km/hr) 1 1 5.5 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 Wind Direction No of Days 14-4-214 Wind Speed 15
CURRENT PATTREN AND DISPERSION FLOW MODEL WITH CONSTANT WIND SPEED - WINTER 14-4-214 16
WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION OF SW MONSOON (JUN-SEP) FOR TUTICORIN COAST FOR THE YEAR 212 3 3.5 25 3 Wind direction (Degrees) 2 15 1 2.5 2 1.5 1 Wind speed (km/hr) 5.5 Wind Direction 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 111519113117121 Wind Speed No of Days 14-4-214 17
CURRENT PATTERN AND DISPERSION FLOW MODEL WITH CONSTANT WIND SPEED - SW MONSOON 14-4-214 18
WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION OF NE MONSOON (OCT-DEC) FOR TUTICORIN COAST FOR THE YEAR 212 4 4 35 3.5 3 3 Wind direction (Degrees) 25 2 15 2.5 2 1.5 Wind speed (km/hr) 1 1 5.5 1 4 7 1 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 4 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 7 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 No of Days Wind Direction Wind Speed 14-4-214 19
CURRENT PATTERN AND DISPERSION FLOW MODEL WITH CONSTANT WIND SPEED - NE MONSOON 14-4-214 2
WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION FOR TUTICORIN COAST FOR THE YEAR 212 4 4 35 3.5 3 3 Wind direction (Degrees) 25 2 15 2.5 2 1.5 Wind speed (km/hr) 1 1 5.5 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 11 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 181 191 21 211 221 231 241 251 261 271 281 291 31 311 321 331 341 351 361 No of Days Wind Direction Wind Speed 14-4-214 21
TIME SERIES FOR 48 DAYS 4 8 35 7 3 6 Wind Direction (Degrees) 25 2 15 5 4 3 Wind Speed (m/sec) 1 2 5 1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 Wind Direction Wind Speed No of Days 14-4-214 22
TIME SERIES FOR 34 DAYS 35 12 3 1 25 8 Wind Direction (Degrees) 2 15 6 Wind speed (m/s) 4 1 5 2 Wind Direction Wind speed 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3 31 32 33 34 No of Days 14-4-214 23
DISPERSION FLOW MODEL FOR VARYING WIND SPEED FOR 48 DAYS AND 34 DAYS 14-4-214 24
CONCLUSIONS The simulation model clearly shows no effluent has moved towards the shore or gets accumulated. The difference between the salinity of the brine and the sea water is about.1 -.15 PSU, not much different from the ambient salinity. Thus these parameters show that the point of outfall is efficient and does not affect the surrounding marine environment. 14-4-214 25
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT GUIDE Dr. B.V.Mudgal, Professor, Centre for Water Resources, Anna University, Chennai, India Co-Guide Dr. G.Dhinesh, Scientist- C, National Institute for Ocean Technology, Chennai, India. Dr. M.V.Ramanamurthy, Project Head, Offshore Structures, National Institute for Ocean Technology, Chennai, India. Conference Organizers and Financial Committee. 14-4-214 26
THANK YOU E-mail Id: civildanish@gmail.com Mobile: +91-936 4633 14-4-214 27