TËp hîp c c khiõm khuyõt thêng gæp nhêt trong c c ît kióm tra cña chýnh quyòn c ng

1 TËp hîp c c khiõm khuyõt thêng gæp nhêt trong c c ît kióm tra cña chýnh quyòn c ng A COLLECTION OF THE MOST COMMON DEFICIENCIES FOUND DURING PORT STATE CONTROL INSPECTIONS Tµi liöu nµy, bao gåm mét sè h nh nh, c c m«t ng¾n gän vò c c thiõt bþ liªn quan vµ c c qui Þnh p dông, cïng víi Ò xuêt c ch thøc kióm tra vµ thö mµ theo quan ióm cña VR, nõu 4îc tiõn hµnh th4êng xuyªn, sï gióp duy tr týnh hiöu qu cña thiõt bþ. Each card, which includes some photographic material, contains a short description ofthe relevant equipment and applicable rules and regulations, together with some suggested tests and checks which, in the VR view could, if regularly applied, help maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the equipment Mét c«ng cô n gi n vµ th n thiön Ó trî gióp c c chñ tµu Þnh kú kióm tra t nh tr¹ng b o dìng cña tµu AN EASY AND USER-FRIENDLY TOOL TO ASSIST OWNERS TO REGULARLY CHECK THE MAINTENANCE CONDITION OF THE SHIP IN THE LIGHT OF A POSSIBLE PORT STATE CONTROL INSPECTION 01 C cêu chæn löa (buång m y)

FIRE DAMPERS (ENGINE ROOM) 2 02 b m cøu háa chýnh MAIN FIRE PUMPS 03 b m cøu háa sù cè EMERGENCY FIRE PUMP 04 êng èng cøu háa FIRE MAIN 05 thiõt bþ ãng khèn cêp QUICK CLOSING DEVICES 06 thiõt bþ ng¾t sù cè EMERGENCY STOPS 07 nguån iön sù cè EMERGENCY SOURCE OF ELECTRICAL POWER 08 thiõt bþ ph n ly dçu níc OILY WATER SEPARATOR 09 kðt dçu cæn ( êng èng x ra ngoµi m¹n sai qui Þnh) SLUDGE TANK (ILLEGAL OVERBOARD CONNECTIONS) 10 xuång cøu sinh LIFEBOATS 11 bì cøu sinh LIFERAFTS 12 thiõt bþ h¹ LAUNCHING APPLIANCES 13 thiõt bþ m¹n kh«load LINE APPLIANCES 14 sù s¹ch sï cña buång m y vµ khoang m y l i CLEANLINESS OF ENGINE ROOM AND STEERING GEAR ROOM 15 Ên phèm hµng h i, h i å vµ c c tµi liöu kh c NAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS, CHARTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTATION C cêu chæn löa 1. giíi thiöu chung

Trong trêng hîp ch y trong buång m y, kh n ng ng¾t viöc cêp nhiªn liöu vµ kh«ng khý vµo buång m y lµ rêt quan träng. Kh«ng khý îc ng¾t b»ng c cêu chæn löa trong èng th«ng giã buång m y. èng th«ng giã cã thó (H nh 1): In the event of an engine room fire, it is obviously important to be able to shut off both air and fuel. The air is shut off by means of dampers located in engine room ventilators. Ventilators may either be (Fig.1): - free-standing on the deck/superstructure; or - an integral part of the ship s superstructure. Fire dampers may consist of a: - fire flap inside the ventilator, which may be either manually operated locally by means of a lever (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), or remotely operated (Fig. 3); - multiple fin flap on the air inlet, which may be either manually operated locally by means of a lever or remotely operated; - manual hinged cover with sealing gasket and dogs (Fig. 1, Fig. 4). 3 H nh1/fig.1 - øng éc lëp trªn boong/thîng tçng - mét phçn kõt cêu thîng tçng C cêu chæn löa cã thó gåm: c nh chæn löa bªn trong èng th«ng giã, îc iòu khión t¹i chç b»ng tay (H nh 1, H nh 2), hoæc iòu khión tõ xa (H nh 3) - c nh chæn löa nhiòu têm Æt ë cöa lêy kh«ng khý vµo buång m y, cã thó iòu khión t¹i chç b»ng tay quay, hoæc iòu khión tõ xa; H nh 2/Fig.2 H nh3/fig.3 1. GENERAL DAMPERS

- n¾p kióu b n lò ãng b»ng tay cã Öm lµm kýn vµ chèt cµi (H nh 1, H nh 4). 2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö 1.1 N¾p kióu b n lò KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng cña n¾p vµ Öm lµm kýn (mßn vµ h h¹i). KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng b n lò (quay dô dµng) vµ chèt cµi (cßn ñ vµ îc b«i tr n tèt). 1.2 C nh chæn löa C c vþ trý " ãng" vµ "Më" îc nh dêu râ rµng. KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng c c c nh chæn löa vµ kh n ng lµm kýn cña chóng. Thö ho¹t éng thiõt bþ ãng vµ a c cêu chæn löa vµo vþ trý ãng. 2. CHECKS AND TESTS 2.1 Hinged covers Check the condition of the cover and gasket (wastage and damage). Check the condition of hinges (free to rotate) and dogs (all available and well lubricated). 2.2 Fire flaps and multiple fin flaps Check that the "open" and "closed" position are clearly marked Check the condition of the flaps and their capability to provide the required seal. Operate the closing device and move the damper to the Closed position. 4 H nh4/fig.4

B m cøu háa chýnh 1. giíi thiöu chung Tµu îc trang bþ b m cøu háa chýnh vµ b m cøu háa sù cè vµ chóng Æc biöt quan träng èi víi an toµn cña tµu. KhiÕm khuyõt b m cøu háa, dï lµ b m chýnh hay b m sù cè, Òu bþ coi lµ khiõm khuyõt nghiªm träng vµ c c söa ch a cçn thiõt ph i îc thùc hiön tríc khi tµu tiõp tôc hµnh tr nh. Th«ng thêng trªn tµu trang bþ 02 b m cøu háa chýnh îc lai b»ng éng c iön (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4), îc Æt trong buång m y (H nh 1, H nh 2). Mét trong hai b m thêng còng lµ b m dïng chung. 1. GENERAL MAIN FIRE PUMPS Ships are provided with main and emergency fire pumps and they are essential for the safety of the ship. Defective fire pumps, either main or emergency, are considered a major deficiency. All necessary repairs must be carried out before the ship sails. Usually, two main electric fire pumps (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4) are provided, located in the engine room (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). The second fire pump will often be the general service (GS) pump. 5 H nh1/fig.1 H nh2/fig.2

2 kióm tra vµ thö KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t bªn ngoµi cña b m, éng c lai b m, êng èng, van vµ ång hå p suêt, t m c c h h¹i, mßn, rß rø hoæc c c trôc træc kh c. Nèi häng cøu háa xa nhêt vµ häng cøu háa cao nhêt víi vßi rång vµ l ng phun vµ më chóng (c c häng kh c ãng). TiÕn hµnh thö ho¹t éng cña c hai b m cøu háa chýnh mét c ch riªng rï. Trong mçi lçn thö ho¹t éng (chø mét b m lµm viöc) kióm tra kh n ng t¹o îc p suêt yªu cçu (1) vµ 02 tia níc phun ñ xa theo ph ng ngang (H nh 3). Trong khi thö, ãng êng èng röa xých neo. 2. CHECKS AND TESTS Make an external visual examination of the pumps, motors, pipes, valves and pressure gauges, looking for damage, corrosion, leakage or malfunctioning. Connect the foremost and the highest hydrants with the relevant fire hoses and nozzles and open them (all other hydrants remain closed). Carry out a running test of both main fire pumps separately. On the occasion of each running test (one pump working) check that the system is capable of producing the required pressure (1) and that the two jets of water reach a sufficient horizontal distance (Fig. 3). During the test, the line for anchor chain washing should be kept closed. (1) Although the SOLAS Convention requires the following minimum pressures: - 0.27 N/mm for ships with GT>6000; and - 0.25 N/mm for ships with 1000<GT<6000, to be reached with both pumps working, usually modern systems can achieve the required pressure with only one pump working. 6 H nh 3/Fig.3 (1) mæc dï SOLAS yªu cçu ph i ¹t îc p suêt tèi thióu: - 0,27 N/mm2 èi víi tµu GT>6000; vµ - 0,25 N/mm2 èi víi tµu 1000<GT<6000, khi c hai b m ho¹t éng, nhng th«ng thêng c c hö thèng hiön ¹i cã thó ¹t îc p suêt nµy chø víi mét b m ho¹t éng.

b m cøu háa sù cè 1. giíi thiöu chung Tµu îc trang bþ b m cøu háa chýnh vµ b m cøu háa sù cè vµ chóng Æc biöt quan träng èi víi an toµn cña tµu. KhiÕm khuyõt b m cøu háa, dï lµ b m chýnh hay b m sù cè, Òu bþ coi lµ khiõm khuyõt nghiªm träng vµ c c söa ch a cçn thiõt ph i îc thùc hiön tríc khi tµu tiõp tôc hµnh tr nh. B m cøu háa sù cè (SOLAS Reg. II- 2/4) ph i îc Æt trong mét khoang c ch ly víi buång m y: thêng lµ trong thîng tçng mòi hoæc ë phýa sau trong buång m y l i. B m cøu háa sù cè cã thó îc lai b»ng éng c iön (H nh 1), îc cung cêp n ng lîng tõ b ng iön sù cè, hoæc b»ng mét éng c diesel éc lëp (H nh 2). EMERGENCY FIRE PUMP 1. GENERAL Ships are provided with main and mergency fire pumps and they are essential for the safety of the ship. Defective fire pumps, either main or emergency, are considered a major deficiency. All necessary repairs must be carried out before the ship sails. The emergency fire pump (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4) must always be located in a compartment separated from the engine room: this is often in the forecastle or aft in the steering flat. The emergency fire pump may be either driven by an electric motor (Fig. 1), fed from the emergency switchboard, or by a small auxiliary diesel engine (Fig. 2). 7 2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö H nh1/ Fig.1 KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t bªn ngoµi cña b m, éng c lai b m, êng èng, van vµ ång hå p suêt, t m c c h h¹i, mßn, rß rø hoæc c c trôc træc kh c. NÕu éng c lai lµ diesel, kióm tra éng c vµ c c thiõt bþ phô trî, hö thèng khëi éng (kó c ¾c qui, nõu cã), kðt u èt, êng èng vµ hö thèng khý x. Nèi häng cøu háa xa nhêt vµ cao nhêt víi vßi rång vµ l ng phun. Më hai häng H nh2/fig.2 2. CHECKS AND TESTS Make an external visual examination of the pumps, prime movers, pipes, valves and pressure gauges, looking for damage, corrosion, leakage or malfunctioning. If the prime mover is a diesel engine, check the engine and the associated equipment, the starting system (including a battery, if fitted), the fuel tank and piping and the exhaust system.

cøu háa nµy vµ kióm tra kh n ng t¹o ñ p suêt yªu cçu (1) vµ c hai tia níc phun ñ xa theo ph ng ngang (H nh 3). 8 H nh3/fig.3 Cho b m ho¹t éng tèi thióu 30 phót. Trong khi thö b m cøu háa sù cè, ph i ãng van c ch ly víi buång m y Ó thö ho¹t éng cña van vµ tr nh viöc dïng c c b m trong buång m y Ó n ng p suêt. Trong khi thö, ãng êng èng röa xých neo. B m cøu háa sù cè ph i cã kh n ng ho¹t éng tháa m n kh«ng kó Õn chiòu ch m hay é chói cña tµu (H nh 4). Khi nh gi ho¹t éng cña b m cøu háa sù cè ë tr¹ng th i tµu Çy t i, cçn ph i lu ý r»ng b m cã thó îc PSC thö khi tµu ë tr¹ng th i nhñ t i. (1) SOLAS yªu cçu ph i ¹t îc p suêt tèi thióu: - 0,27 N/mm2 èi víi tµu GT>6000; vµ - 0,25 N/mm2 èi víi tµu 1000<GT<6000, H nh4/fig.4 Connect the foremost and the highest hydrants with the relevant fire hoses and nozzles. Open the two hydrants mentioned above, check that the system is capable of producing the required pressure and that both jets reach a sufficient horizontal distance (Fig. 3). Keep the pump functioning for at least 30 minutes. During the test of the emergency fire pump, the isolating valve from the engine room is to be closed, both to test its operation and to avoid pumps in the engine room being used to raise the ressure. During the test the line for anchor chain washing should be kept closed. The emergency fire pump must be able to operate satisfactorily regardless of the draft or trim of the ship (Fig. 4). When assessing the performance of an emergency fire pump in full load condition, consider that it could be tested in lightship condition during a port State control inspection. (1) The SOLAS Convention requires the following minimum pressures to be reached: - 0.27 N/mm 2 for ships with GT>6000; and - 0.25 N/mm 2 for ships with1000<gt<6000,

êng èng cøu háa 1. giíi thiöu chung TÝnh nguyªn vñn cña hö thèng cøu háa chýnh (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4) rêt quan träng èi víi an toµn cña tµu. êng èng cøu háa bþ rß rø hoæc n mßn næng lµ mét khiõm khuyõt nghiªm träng vµ têt c c c söa ch a cçn thiõt ph i îc thùc hiön tríc khi tµu rêi c ng. Thö hö thèng êng èng cøu háa ph i îc thùc hiön cïng víi thö b m cøu háa chýnh vµ thö b m cøu háa sù cè. 2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t hö thèng?êng èng cøu háa: hép xi m ng (H nh 1) vµ c c söa ch a t¹m thêi kh c kh«ng îc chêp nhën, trõ khi lµ söa ch a khèn cêp trªn bión vµ chø cho Õn khi tíi c ng. 1. GENERAL Fire main Integrity of the fire main (SOLAS Reg. II-2/4) is essential for the ship s safety. A leaking or excessively corroded fire main is a major deficiency and all necessary repairs are to be carried out before the ship leaves the port. The test is to be carried out in conjunction with the test of the main fire pump(s) and of the emergency fire pump. 2. CHECKS AND TESTS Visually inspect the fire main: cement boxes (Fig. 1) and other varieties of temporary repair are not acceptable, except as emergency repairs at sea and only until the next port of call. Check and hammer test the fire main and hydrants under pressure and ask for any leak to be immediately and permanently repaired (Fig. 2). 9 H nh1/fig.1 KiÓm tra vµ thö b»ng c ch gâ bóa?êng èng vµ häng cøu háa khi cã p suêt, nõu cã rß rø ph i söa ch a triöt Ó ngay (H nh 2). Häng cøu háa ph i ñ vµ ho¹t éng îc (H nh 3). C c van, tay van,... bþ mêt hoæc h háng ph i îc thay thõ. TÊt c c c hép cøu háa (hoæc "hép mµu á") ph i îc nh dêu râ trªn s å cøu háa cña tµu vµ thêng îc Æt ë vþ trý gçn c c häng cøu háa (H nh 4) H nh2/fig.2 The hydrants must be complete and operational (Fig.3). Missing or damaged hand-wheels, valves, etc.must be renewed. All the fire stations (or red boxes ) are marked on theship s fire control plan and are normally positioned inthe proximity of hydrants (Fig. 4). They should be painted red for easy dentification and be capable of protecting their content from the marine environment.

10 H nh3/fig.3 Chóng ph i îc s n á Ó dô nhën biõt vµ cã kh n ng b o vö c c vët dông bªn trong kh«ng bþ h h¹i do m«i trêng bión. KiÓm tra týnh nguyªn vñn cña hép. NÕu cöa buéc b»ng d y hoæc kh«ng ãng îc, ph i söa ch a ngay. KiÓm tra hép îc bè trý nh trong s å cøu háa. Mçi hép ph i cã mét vßi rång, mét l ng phun (kióu t c dông kðp nõu yªu cçu) vµ mét khíp nèi (H nh 5). KiÓm tra trang bþ trong c c hép Çy ñ. KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng c c vßi rång, chóng thêng dô bþ háng, Æc biöt trong buång m y do m«i trêng nãng vµ dçu. Vßi rång bþ háng hoæc h h¹i ph i îc thay thõ. KiÓm tra kióu vµ kých thíc cña khíp nèi vßi rång phï hîp víi nhau vµ víi c c l ng phun vµ häng cøu háa. CÇn Æc biöt chó ý t nh tr¹ng cña khãa nèi vßi rång vµ khíp nèi. m b o r»ng tµu îc trang bþ bých nèi bê quèc tõ (SOLAS reg. II-2/19) vµ îc nh dêu râ rµng. H nh4/fig.4 Check the integrity of the box. If the doors are roped shut or hanging off, ask for them to be repaired. Check that the arrangement of the boxes is the same as on the plan and for each box. Each box should contain a hose, a nozzle (of dual type where required) and a spanner (Fig. 5). H nh5/fig.5 Check that the inventory is complete. Check the condition of the hoses, which can easily deteriorate, particularly in the engine room, in the presence of heat and oil. Deteriorated or damaged hoses must be re placed. Check that the coupling type and size of the hoses match each other and that they are the same as the nozzles and the hydrants. Particular attention is to be paid to the condition of the clamps used to connect the hose with the coupling.

11 Make sure that the international shore connection flange (SOLAS Reg. II-2/19) is available and clearly marked.

ThiÕt bþ ãng khèn cêp 1. giíi thiöu chung Trong trêng hîp ch y trong buång m y, mét iòu rêt quan träng lµ ph i cã kh n ng ng¾t c kh«ng khý vµ nhiªn liöu cêp vµo buång m y. Nhiªn liöu îc ng¾t b»ng c c van ãng nhanh îc l¾p trùc tiõp trªn kðt nhiªn liöu (SOLAS reg. II-2/15), cã kh n ng ãng tõ mét tr¹m iòu khión Æt bªn ngoµi buång m y (H nh 1). H nh1/fig.1 Van ãng nhanh cã 3 kióu chýnh vµ kh c biöt duy nhêt lµ hö thèng iòu khión chóng: - C khý: sö dông d y c p vµ puly dén c p tíi tr¹m iòu khión, - KhÝ nðn: sö dông khý nðn Èy mét piston nhá Ó nh van (H nh 2), - Thñy lùc: còng t ng tù nh hö thèng khý nðn nhng sö dông chêt láng thñy lùc (H nh 3). H nh2/fig.2 Quick close devices 1. GENERAL 12 In the event of an engine room fire, it is obviously important to be able to shut off both air and fuel. The fuel is shut off by means of quick closing valves fitted directly on the fuel tanks (SOLAS Reg. II-2/15), capable of being closed from a control station located outside the engine room (Fig. 1). There are three basic types of quick closing valves andthe only difference is the operating system which maybe: - Mechanical, using steel wires & pulleys to route the wires to the control station, - Pneumatic, using compressed air to activate a small piston to trip the valve (Fig. 2), - Hydraulic, as for pneumatic but using hydraulic fluid (Fig. 3). H nh3/fig.3 2. CHECKS AND TESTS 2.1 General checks applicable to all types. Check the proper marking and prompt access to the release control station. Check the labelling in a suitable language of each operating handle. Check for absence of wired/wedged open valves (if a valve is wired because it closes due to vibrations, proper repairs are to be carried out).

2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö 2.1 KiÓm tra chung p dông cho mäi kióu van KiÓm tra viöc nh dêu vµ kh n ng tiõp cën nhanh tíi tr¹m iòu khión. KiÓm tra viöc ghi nh n cho mçi tay iòu khión van b»ng ng«n ng thých hîp. KiÓm tra xem cã van nµo ph i buéc d y/chªm (nõu mét van ph i buéc d y v nã sï ãng l¹i do sù rung éng th ph i tiõn hµnh söa ch a thých hîp). 2.2 KiÓm tra bæ sung cho van kióu c khý KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng d y c p: kh«ng bþ h h¹i vµ chïng, kióm tra c c puly: ph i quay dô dµng. KiÓm tra mçi van (nõu cã thó): ph i ãng kýn tháa m n khi kðo c p b»ng tay iòu khión t ng øng. 2.3 KiÓm tra bæ sung cho van kióu khý nðn HÖ thèng ph i îc b o dìng tháa m-n, kh«ng cã rß rø; kióm tra týnh s½n sµng cña khý nðn vµ chø b o p suêt. KiÓm tra mçi van (nõu cã thó): ph i lµm viöc tháa m n khi hö thèng ho¹t éng. 2.4 KiÓm tra bæ sung cho van kióu thñy lùc KiÓm tra dçu: hö thèng ph i cã ñ dçu vµ kh«ng rß rø. KiÓm tra mçi van (nõu cã thó): ph i ãng kýn tháa m n khi kðo tay iòu khión t ng øng. 13 2.2 Additional checks applicable to the mechanical type Check that the wires are satisfactorily maintained without deterioration and loosening, check that relevant pulleys are free to rotate. Test that each valve (where possible) closes properly by pulling the wire by means of the relevant handle. 2.3 Additional checks applicable to the pneumatic type Check that the system is satisfactorily maintained without leakages, check the proper availability and indication of air pressure. Test that each valve (where possible) works properly by actuating the system. 2.4 Additional checks applicable to the hydraulic type Check that the system is properly filled with oil and without leakages. Test that each valve (where possible) closes properly by actuating the relevant handle. * * *

ThiÕt bþ ng¾t sù cè 1. giíi thiöu chung Trong trêng hîp ch y buång m y, ph i ng¾t nguån n ng lîng cêp cho qu¹t giã vµ b m nhiªn liöu. Do ã, thiõt bþ ng¾t sù cè tõ xa ph i îc trang bþ cho qu¹t giã buång m y, c c b m nhiªn liöu, b m dçu nhên vµ c c thiõt bþ läc (SOLAS Reg. II-2/11). C c c«ng t¾c sù cè thêng îc Æt trong mét tñ mµu á ë gçn tr¹m iòu khión van ãng nhanh (H nh 1). H nh1/fig.1 2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö KiÓm tra tñ îc nh dêu dô nhën biõt vµ c c c«ng t¾c îc ghi nh n râ rµng b»ng ng«n ng thých hîp. KiÓm tra ng¾t nguån tíi mçi thiõt bþ b»ng c ch bët c«ng t¾c t ng øng. 1. GENERAL Emergency stops 14 In the event of an engine room fire, the power of the ventilation fans and of the fuel oil pumps is to be cut. For this purpose, remote emergency stops are provided for the engine room ventilator fans, the fuel, diesel & lubricating oil pumps and the purifiers (SOLAS Reg. II-2/11). The emergency switches are usually contained in a red painted cabinet close to that of the quick closing valves (Fig. 1). 2. CHECKS AND TESTS Check that the cabinet is conspicuously marked and that switches are labelled in a suitable language indicating the equipment concerned. Test that the power is cut to each piece of equipment by operating the relevant switch. * * *

Nguån iön sù cè 1. giíi thiöu chung Ó Ò phßng trêng hîp mêt nguån iön chýnh, tµu îc trang bþ nguån iön sù cè Ó phôc vô cho c c ho¹t éng quan träng èi víi an toµn cña tµu khi gæp sù cè nh: - chiõu s ng sù cè ë nh ng n i SOLAS yªu cçu (c c kh«ng gian phôc vô vµ sinh ho¹t, buång m y, tr¹m iòu khión, m y l i, tr¹m tëp trung vµ a ngêi xuèng ph ng tiön cøu sinh,...); - Ìn hµnh h i - thiõt bþ v«tuyõn iön; - hö thèng liªn l¹c néi bé; - hö thèng ph t hiön vµ b o éng ch y; - thiõt bþ hµng h i trªn tµu theo yªu cçu cña SOLAS Reg. V/12; - têt c c c týn hiöu néi bé îc yªu cçu trong trêng hîp sù cè; - b m cøu háa sù cè (nõu îc lai b»ng éng c iön); - m y l i Nguån iön sù cè cã thó lµ: - m y ph t?îc lai b»ng éng c diesel (H nh 1); hoæc - ¾c qui H nh1/fig.1 2. M y ph t lai b»ng éng c diesel 2.1 Khoang Æt m y ph t Emergency source of electrical power 1. GENERAL 15 In the event of main electrical power failure, ships are fitted with an emergency source of electrical power in order to supply all those services that are essential for safety in an emergency, such as: - emergency lighting in all places where required by the SOLAS Convention (i.e. service and accomodation spaces, machinery spaces, control stations, steering gear, muster and embarkation stations, etc.) - navigation lights; - radio installations; - internal communication system; - fire detection and fire alarm system; - the shipborne navigational equipment as required by Solas Reg. V/12 - all internal signals that are required in an emergency; - the emergency fire pump (if driven by an electric motor) - the steering gear, where applicable The emergency source of electrical power may be: - a generator driven by a diesel engine (Fig. 1); - an accumulator battery. 2. DIESEL GENERATOR 2.1 Compartment where the generator is located: Check that the to the compartment is marked and access doors are in good working order. - Check the cleanliness of the compartment (absence of oil, fuel or water on the floor; compartment not to be used for any improper storage). - Check that lighting, ventilation and relevant means of closure are in good order.

- KiÓm tra khoang îc nh dêu vµ cöa vµo ë t nh tr¹ng lµm viöc tèt. - KiÓm tra sù s¹ch sï cña khoang (dçu, nhiªn liöu hoæc níc trªn sµn; kh«ng cêt gi c c vët dông kh c). - KiÓm tra chiõu s ng, th«ng giã vµ c c biön ph p ãng kýn: ph i ho¹t éng tèt. - KiÓm tra híng dén vën hµnh vµ thö m y ph t sù cè îc Æt thých hîp. - KiÓm tra c c b nh cøu háa yªu cçu îc trang bþ ñ vµ b o dìng thých hîp. 2.2 KÐt vµ?êng èng nhiªn liöu - KiÓm tra kðt cã ñ nhiªn liöu, îc trang bþ thiõt bþ o møc nhiªn liöu (thiõt bþ o kióu thþ gi c ph i îc trang bþ c cêu tù ãng tù éng). - KiÓm tra ho¹t éng cña van cêp nhiªn liöu g¾n trªn kðt (nõu yªu cçu van ãng nhanh, kióm tra ho¹t éng cña thiõt bþ iòu khión tõ xa). - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng êng èng nhiªn liöu ( îc gi chæt vµ kh«ng rß rø). 2.3 B ng iön sù cè - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng b o dìng vµ sù s¹ch sï. - KiÓm tra th m c ch iön phýa tríc b ng iön. - KiÓm tra chiõu s ng phýa tríc b ng iön. 2.4 éng c diesel lai m y ph t - KiÓm tra rß rø (dçu, nhiªn liöu vµ níc). - KiÓm tra c ch ly cña êng khý x. - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng vµ b o dìng cña thiõt bþ khëi éng m y ph t (nõu lµ ¾c qui, chóng ph i îc cêt gi thých hîp trong hép). - TiÕn hµnh thö khëi éng vµ ho¹t éng phï hîp víi híng dén, Æc biöt kióm tra rß rø tõ êng khý x. 16 - Check that instructions for emergency generator operation and testing are duly posted. - Check that the required fire extinguishers are fitted and duly serviced. 2.2 Fuel tank and fuel line - Check that the tank is properly filled, provided with well-maintained means to check the level content (sight level to be fitted with automatic self-closing device). - Check the proper working of the fuel supply valve fitted on the tank (if a quick closing valve is required, check remote control proper functioning). - Check the good condition of the fuel line (clamped and without leakage). 2.3 Emergency switchboard - Check the good condition of maintenance and cleanliness. - Check the presence of a suitable insulating mat in front of the switchboard. - Check the proper working of lighting in front of the switchboard. 2.4 Diesel engine - Check the absence of leakage (oil, fuel and water). - Check proper insulation of the exhaust gas line. - Check the good condition and proper maintenance of means for starting the generator (in the case of batteries, they are to be properly secured in a containment box). - Carry out a starting and running test according to the instruction procedures, checking in particular the absence of leakage from the exhaust gas line.

3. ¾c qui 3.1 Khoang ¾c qui - KiÓm tra lèi vµo khoang îc nh dêu vµ c c dêu hiöu c nh b o îc Æt thých hîp. - KiÓm tra cöa vµo lµm viöc tèt. - KiÓm tra sù s¹ch sï cña khoang vµ ¾c qui îc cêt gi vµ cè Þnh thých hîp. - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng b o dìng vµ ho¹t éng cña hö thèng chiõu s ng vµ th«ng giã. - KiÓm tra híng dén b o dìng vµ thö îc Æt thých hîp. 3.2 ¾c qui - KiÓm tra ¾c qui îc b o dìng thých hîp. - KiÓm tra c c d y îc nèi vµ cè Þnh thých hîp (kh«ng cã d y tù do). - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng b o dìng vµ ho¹t éng cña thiõt bþ n¹p ¾c qui. - Thö t nh tr¹ng ho¹t éng cña ¾c qui theo híng dén. 3. BATTERIES 17 3.1 Batteries compartment - Check that access doors are in good working order. - Check the cleanliness of the compartment and that batteries are properly stowed and fixed. - Check the proper maintenance and working condition of lighting and ventilation. - Check that instructions for maintenance and testing are duly posted. - Check that access to the compartment is marked and appropriate warning signs posted. 3.2 Batteries - Check that batteries are properly maintained. - Check that wires are properly connected and fixed (no adrift wires). - Check the proper maintenance and good working condition of charging devices. - Test the proper working condition of batteries according to the instruction procedures. * * *

ThiÕt bþ ph n ly 1. giíi thiöu chung ThiÕt bþ ph n ly dçu n?íc (MARPOL Reg.I/16) sö dông nhiòu ph ng ph p kh c nhau Ó lo¹i bá dçu khái níc Ó sau ã cã thó b m ra ngoµi m¹n, nhng têt c chóng Òu dùa trªn 2 nguyªn lý c b n: dçu cã xu híng kõt hîp víi nhau, tøc lµ c c h¹t dçu thu hót lén nhau, vµ tø träng cña dçu thêp h n cña níc (do ã dçu næi trong níc). Tµu cã 400<GT<9999 yªu cçu tèi thióu ph i cã trang bþ thiõt bþ läc (H nh 2), lµm nhiöm vô gi m hµm lîng dçu trong níc la canh xuèng díi 15 ppm. ThiÕt bþ läc dçu cã thó lêy hçn hîp níc lén dçu trùc tiõp tõ la canh hoæc tõ kðt chøa b»ng mét b m thó tých. ThiÕt bþ läc sï th i dçu îc ph n ly vµo kðt dçu cæn, cßn níc s¹ch îc th i ra ngoµi m¹n. Fig.1 dçu cæn îc thu thëp trong kðt dçu cæn cã thó îc b m lªn bê khi tµu trong c ng qua bých th i tiªu chuèn hoæc îc èt nõu tµu trang bþ m y èt r c. Tµu cã GT>10000 nãi chung îc trang bþ t ng tù, ngoµi ra hö thèng ph i cã thiõt bþ o hµm lîng dçu víi b o éng 15 ppm vµ mét thiõt bþ ngõng th i tù éng (H nh 2). Dßng th i i qua mét thiõt bþ lêy méu Ó o hµm lîng dçu trong níc. NÕu hµm lîng dçu vît qu 15 ppm th b o éng sï ho¹t éng vµ hö thèng ph i tù éng ng¾t. OILY WATER SEPARATOR 1. GENERAL 18 Bilge oily water separators (MARPOL Reg. I/16) use a variety of different methods to remove the oil from the water so that it can be pumped overboard, but they all rely on two fundamental principles: the tendency of oil to coalesce, that is to say droplets of oil are mutually attracted, and the lower density of oil with respect to either fresh or salt water (hence oil will float on water). For vessels with 400<GT<9999, the minimum required equipment consists of a filtering unit (Fig. 1), which reduces the oil content of the bilge water to below 15 ppm. The filter unit draws the oily-water mixture either direct from the bilge or from a holding tank by means of a positive displacement pump. The filter unit discharges the separated ( coalesced ) oil into the sludge tanks and the clean water goes overboard. The oil sludge collected in the sludge tank may be pumped ashore when the vessel is in port via the standard discharge connection or, if the ship is fitted with an incinerator, it can be burnt. For vessels with GT>10000, the arrangement is essentially the same. In addition, the system must incorporate an oil content meter, with a 15 ppm alarm, and an automatic stopping device (Fig. 2). H nh2/fig.2

1. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö - KiÓm tra thiõt bþ ph n ly dçu níc lµ kióu îc phª duyöt. - KiÓm tra b»ng m¾t thiõt bþ ph n ly dçu níc (sù s¹ch sï, vá ngoµi, êng èng th i,...). - Thö ho¹t éng thiõt bþ ph n ly dçu níc vµ kióm tra t nh tr¹ng ho¹t éng cña c c van vµ ång hå o. - Thö ho¹t éng cña b o éng vµ thiõt bþ ng¾t tù tù éng (nõu cã) b»ng c ch gi cho hµm lîng dçu vît 15 ppm. - KiÓm tra lîng dçu cæn vµ lîng níc lén dçu hiön cã trong c c kðt cã phï hîp víi NhËt ký dçu. - KiÓm tra NhËt ký dçu: îc ghi chðp Çy ñ. Æc biöt quan t m Õn m (ch c i) vµ kho n (ch sè) îc a vµo ghi trong phçn I cña nhët ký dçu. 19 The water effluent passes through a sampling apparatus, which measures the ppm of oil in the water. If the ppm of oil rises to 15 or more, the alarm sounds and the system shuts off automatically. 2. CHECKS AND TESTS - Verify that the oily water separator is type approved or EC marked (wheelmark), as applicable. - Visually inspect the oily water separator (cleanliness, outer casing, discharge piping, etc). - Run a test of the oily water separator and check the operating condition of valves and pressure gauges. - Working test of the alarm and automatic stopping device (where fitted) through simulation of oil content in excess of 15 ppm. - Check that the present quantity of sludge and oily water in tanks is consistent with the amount indicated in the Oil Record Book - Check that the Oil Record Book is correctly filled in. Particular attention is to be paid to the code (letter) and item (number) to be included in the Table of Part I.

KÐt dçu cæn ( êng th i ra ngoµi sai qui Þnh) 1. giíi thiöu chung TÊt c c c tµu cã GT b»ng hoæc lín h n 400 ph i cã kðt hoæc c c kðt víi dung tých thých hîp Ó chøa dçu cæn (MARPOL Reg. I/17) th i ra tõ c c thiõt bþ läc dçu èt hoæc dçu b«i tr n vµ tõ thiõt bþ ph n ly níc la canh buång m y. Dung tých thých hîp cña kðt îc týnh theo kióu éng c, lo¹i nhiªn liöu vµ chiòu dµi tuyõn hµnh tr nh. PhÇn lín c c tµu gi dçu cæn trong kðt vµ th i ra qua bých th i tiªu chuèn (MARPOL Reg.I/19) tíi thiõt bþ tiõp nhën trªn bê. KÝch thíc cña kðt dçu cæn cã thó îc gi m nõu tµu îc trang bþ thiõt bþ èt dçu cæn. 2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö KiÓm tra bªn ngoµi cña kðt dçu cæn vµ t nh tr¹ng chung cña êng èng liªn quan vµ, nõu cã thó, thö ho¹t éng b m dçu cæn. NÕu kh«ng cã b m dçu cæn riªng biöt vµ b m hót kh«îc dïng Ó b m dçu cæn lªn bê, kióm tra hö thèng êng èng Ó m b o kh«ng cã kh n ng dçu cæn îc th i trùc tiõp ra ngoµi m¹n. Hai kióu hö thèng th i dçu cæn qua m¹n tµu sai qui Þnh thêng gæp ph i îc nªu ë H nh 1 vµ H nh 2. SLUDGE TANK (ILLEGAL OVERBOARD CONNECTIONS) 1. GENERAL 20 Every ship of 400 GT and above must have a tank or tanks of adequate capacity for the sludge (MARPOL Reg.I/17) generated by the fuel or lubricating oil purifiers and the engine room bilge separator. The required capacity of the tank is calculated according to the type of machinery, the fuel used and the likely length of any voyage. Most ships retain the sludge in the tanks and discharge it via the standard discharge connection (MARPOL Reg.I/19) to reception facilities ashore. The size of the sludge tank can be reduced if the ship is fitted with a sludge incinerator, for burning the sludge. 2. CHECKS AND TESTS Check the external boundaries of the sludge tank and the general condition of the associated piping and, if possible, make a running test of the sludge pump. If there is no dedicated sludge pump on board and a bilge pump is used for pumping sludge ashore, check the piping arrangement to ensure that there is no possibility of a direct overboard discharge of sludge. Two typical illegal arrangements providing direct sludge connection overboard found during port State control inspections are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. H nh1/fig.1 H nh2/fig.2

xuång cøu sinh 1. giíi thiöu chung Xuång cøu sinh (SOLAS reg. III/31.1 vµ LSA Code) cã thó lµ: - Xuång hë: cã éng c hoæc chìo (H nh 1) - Xuång kýn mét phçn: cã éng c (H nh 2) - Xuång kýn hoµn toµn: cã éng c. Còng cã thó lµ lo¹i chèng ch y (H nh 3 vµ H nh 4). 1. GENERAL LIFEBOATS 21 Lifeboats (SOLAS Reg. III/31.1 and LSA Code) may be: - Open boats: motor or oar propelled (Fig. 1) - Partially enclosed boats: motor propelled (Fig. 2) - Totally enclosed boats: motor propelled. They may also be fire protected (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) H nh1/fig.1 H nh3/fig.3 H nh2/fig.2 VËt liöu kõt cêu xuång cã thó lµ: - gç; - chêt dîo cèt sîi thñy tinh (GRP). Xuång GRP thêng cã kõt cêu vá n, trõ mét sè xuång r i tù do cì lín cã kõt cêu 2 líp GRP îc ph n c ch b»ng 1 líp lâi bät hoæc gç balsa; - thðp hoæc nh«m. 2. Vá 2.1 T nh tr¹ng kõt cêu H nh4/fig.4 The construction material for the lifeboats may be: - wood; - glass reinforced plastic (GRP). GRP boats are normally made of single skin construction, with the exception of some of the larger sizes of free-fall boats, which may use "sandwich" construction, i.e. 2 smaller layers of GRP separated by a core of foam or balsa wood; - steel or aluminium. 2. HULL 2.1 Structural condition of the hull

KiÓm tra kõt cêu, phýa trong vµ phýa ngoµi, kh«ng bþ h h¹i hoæc xuèng cêp. NÕu cã h h¹i ph i söa ch a ngay. 2.2 Mãc Mét khu vùc thêng bþ bá sãt khi b o dìng lµ liªn kõt gi a xuång vµ vßng hay mãc dïng Ó nèi xuång vµ c p. Liªn kõt nµy thêng îc lµm b»ng thðp vµ thêng îc îc b¾t bu l«ng víi khu vùc îc gia cêng cña sèng xuång, t¹i vïng khã kióm tra (H nh 5 vµ 6). KiÓm tra kü lìng t nh tr¹ng liªn kõt vµ yªu cçu söa ch a ngay nõu ph t hiön t nh tr¹ng kðm. 22 Check that the structure, inboard and outboard, has not suffered any damage or deterioration. If damage has occurred, immediate repair is to be requested. 2.2 Hooks One particular area often neglected during maintenance is the connection between the keel and the eyes or hooks, which attach the boat to the falls. These connections are often made of steel and are usually bolted to a reinforced area of the keel, in a difficult area to inspect (Figs. 5 and 6). Thoroughly check the condition of the connections and ask for immediate repair if they are found in bad condition. H nh5/fig.5 2.3 C cêu nh KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng b o dìng cña c cêu nh, th«ng thêng bao gåm mét tay nh ë gçn vþ trý iòu khión, îc kõt hîp víi khãa an toµn Ó ng n ngõa viöc nh bêt ngê. Khi thùc tëp rêi tµu theo yªu cçu cña SOLAS, xuång ph i îc h¹ xuèng níc (tèi thióu 3 th ng 1 lçn èi víi xuång h¹ b»ng cçn), xuång ph i îc th o khái mãc vµ iòu éng trªn mæt níc. 2.4 Van x Khi kióm tra th n vá, cçn kióm tra van x tù éng cã thó dô dµng x níc khái xuång khi xuång kh«ng ë trong níc vµ H nh6/fig.6 2.3 Release mechanism Check the maintenance condition of the release mechanism, usually consisting of a single release lever, located near the helm position, which incorporates a "safety-catch" to prevent accidental release. On the occasion of abandon ship drills requested by SOLAS during which lifeboats are to be lowered to the water (at least once every three months for davit launched lifeboats) the lifeboat is to be released from the lifting hooks and manoeuvred in the water.

îc trang bþ c cêu thých hîp (thêng lµ bãng) Ó ng n níc vµo xuång khi xuång ë díi níc. KiÓm tra mçi van îc trang bþ nót hoæc mò, g¾n víi xuång b»ng xých hoæc d y, Ó ãng kýn van khi xuång ë díi níc. 2.5 Thanh b m KiÓm tra thanh b m phýa díi xuång îc g¾n thých hîp. Lo¹i b»ng gç cã h nh d¹ng gièng v y nhá (H nh 7). Thanh b m còng cã thó lµ c c èng thðp tr ng kïm cã c c kñp b»ng èng hoæc d¹ng t ng tù. 23 2.4 Drain valves During the hull inspection, check that the automatic drain valves are free to drain water out of the hull when the lifeboat is not waterborne and are provided with the proper device (usually a ball) to prevent ingress of water when the lifeboat is waterborne. Check that each valve is provided with a cap or plug, attached to the boat by a chain or lanyard, to seal the valve when the lifeboat is waterborne. 2.5 Handholds Check that handholds on the underside of the hull are adequately fastened. The wooden ones look like small bilge keels (Fig.7). They can also consist of galvanised steel tubes, fixed at intervals with pipe clips or similar. H nh7/fig.7 2.6 D y b m TÊt c c c xuång ph i cã d y an toµn gåm mét d y næi îc g¾n tõng o¹n vµo xuång ë gçn mðp xuång trõ khu vùc ch n vþt (H nh 8). KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng. 2.7 B ng ph n quang Khi kióm tra bªn ngoµi, KiÓm tra b ng ph n quang îc g¾n vµo xuång vµ ë t nh tr¹ng tháa m n (H nh 8). SOLAS yªu cçu b ng ph n quang îc g¾n ë c 2 phýa cña sèng y Ó Ò phßng trêng hîp xuång lët, däc 2 m¹n gçn mðp, trªn 2 m¹n vµ phçn trªn cña m i che, cã thó lµ lo¹i cøng hoæc b¹t. 2.8 Ghi nh n Khi kióm tra bªn ngoµi, cçn kióm tra viöc ghi nh n. Ph i thó hiön: H nh8/fig.8 2.6 Lifeline All lifeboats should have a lifeline, consisting of a buoyant line, fixed at intervals around the hull near the gunwhale, except in the area of the propeller (Fig. 8). Check the condition. 2.7 Retro-reflective tapes When inspecting the outside of the hull, check that retro-reflective tapes are fitted and in satisfactory condition (Fig. 8).

- tªn vµ c ng ng ký cña tµu mµ xuång thuéc vò tµu ã, trªn mçi m¹n ë mòi xuång. - tªn tµu vµ sè xuång ph i nh n thêy îc tõ trªn cao - kých thíc xuång - sè lîng ngêi mµ xuång chë îc. 3. ThiÕt bþ Èy vµ thiõt bþ l i 3.1 éng c H nh9/fig.9 éng c th«ng thêng îc khëi éng b»ng tay, trõ lo¹i xuång kýn hoµn toµn. KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng vá chèng ch y (H nh 9). 24 SOLAS requires reflective tapes to be fixed either side of the keel on the bottom, just in case it floats upside down, along the side, close to the gunwhale, on both sides and on the upper sides of the canopy, which may be either rigid or canvas. 2.8 Marking When inspecting the outside of the hull, check the markings of the boat. The markings should show: - name and port of registry of the ship to which the lifeboat belongs on each side of the lifeboat s bow - name of the ship and number of the lifeboat to be visible from above - dimensions of the boat. - maximum number of persons accommodated. 3. PROPULSION AND STEERING 3.1 Engine The engines are usually hand started, except in totally enclosed lifeboats. Check the condition of the fire-retardant casing(fig.9). The following checks are to be carried out: - Prompt starting of the engine using separately every means of starting - Verify that the gearbox operates ahead and astern (Fig. 10). H nh10/fig.10 Ph i thùc hiön c c h¹ng môc sau: - khëi éng nhanh éng c, sö dông riªng rï tõng biön ph p khëi éng - kióm tra hép sè cã thó vën hµnh tiõn vµ lïi (H nh 10) - kióm tra nhiªn liöu, dçu b«i tr n vµ sù rß khý x. H nh11/fig.11

- kióm tra t nh tr¹ng kðt nhiªn liöu. 3.2 ThiÕt bþ l i C cêu l i cã thó gåm mét b nh l i n gi n vµ cçn l i (xuång hë) hoæc lµ mét hö thèng víi v«l ng (xuång kýn). Víi c 2 lo¹i, kióm tra b nh l i vµ c c chèt (H nh 11). èi víi lo¹i xuång kýn, thö hö thèng l i vµ m b o trªn xuång cã cçn l i sù cè. 3.3 Ch n vþt vµ èng u«i KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng ch n vþt vµ khe hë b¹c èng u«i. 4. ThiÕt bþ vµ c c vët dông 4.1 Trang bþ thiõt bþ m b o cã B n ghi trang bþ an toµn Ó tra cøu, kióm tra c c thiõt bþ îc yªu cçu cho xuång vµ x c nhën chóng cã trªn xuång vµ cßn tèt. 4.2 B m hót kh«thö b m hót kh«tay, cã thó lµ cè Þnh hoæc x ch tay (H nh 12). H nh12/fig.12 4.3 M i che b»ng b¹t Trªn xuång hë, ngêi trªn xuång îc b o vö khái t c éng cña m«i trêng b»ng mét m i che b¹t, îc ì b»ng c c - Verify the absence of fuel, lubricating oil and exhaust gas leaks. - Check the condition of the fuel tank. 25 3.2 Steering gear The steering mechanism may consist either of a simple rudder and tiller arrangement (open boat) or a system with a wheel (enclosed boat). For both types, check the rudder and the pintles (Fig. 11). For the latter, test the steering and make sure that the emergency tiller is on board. 3.3 Propeller and stern tube Check the condition of the propeller and clearance of the stern tube bush. 4. EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY 4.1 Equipment inventory Ensure that the Record of Safety Equipment is readily available for consultation, check the required lifeboat For the latter, test the steering and make sure that the emergency tiller is on board. 3.3 Propeller and stern tube Check the condition of the propeller and clearance of the stern tube bush. 4. EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY 4.1 Equipment inventory Ensure that the Record of Safety Equipment is readily available for consultation, check the required lifeboat equipment and verify that it is all in place and valid 4.2 Bilge pump Test the hand operated bilge pump, which. May either be fixed in the boat or portable (Fig. 12). 4.3 Canvas cover In open lifeboats, the occupants are protected from the elements by a canvas cover, supported by a structure of steel.

kõt cêu èng thðp. KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng m i che vµ c c èng thðp. 4.4 Sèng/tÊm b o vö KiÓm tra sèng hoæc têm b o vö Ó ng n h h¹i khi h¹ vµ kðo xuång îc l¾p óng vµ ë t nh tr¹ng tháa m n. 5. Ghi chðp thùc tëp, kióm tra vµ b o dìng trªn tµu m b o c c cuéc thùc tëp rêi tµu, thùc tëp cøu sinh vµ huên luyön trªn tµu îc ghi chðp óng trong nhët ký. m b o b o c o cña c c ît kióm tra hµng th ng trang bþ cøu sinh nãi trªn îc ghi chðp trong nhët ký. 26 tubes. Check the condition of the canopy and its supports. 4.4 Skates/fenders Check that skates or fenders fitted to prevent damage during launching and recovery are fitted properly and in satisfactory working order. 5. RECORDING OF DRILLS, ON-BOARD INSPECTIONS AND MAINTENANCE Ensure that abandon ship drills, drills of life-saving appliances and on-board training are properly recorded in the logbook. Ensure that the reports of the prescribed monthly inspections of life-saving * * *

BÌ cøu sinh 1. giíi thiöu chung BÌ cøu sinh (SOLAS Reg.III/31 vµ Bé luët LSA) cã thó ph n thµnh 2 lo¹i chýnh: cøng vµ b m h i. Lo¹i cøng hiön nay rêt hiõm dïng. C 2 lo¹i Òu cã thó h¹ b»ng tay hoæc b»ng cçn. C c tµu cã mòi hoæc u«i c ch ph ng tiön cøu sinh, xuång vµ bì, qu 100 mðt ph i trang bþ mét bì bæ sung cho 6 ngêi, ë phýa tríc hoæc sau theo yªu cçu nõu cã thuyòn viªn lµm viöc ë khu vùc ã. Trõ bì bæ sung cho 6 ngêi nªu trªn, nõu cã, têt c c c bì Òu ph i cã thiõt bþ nh thñy tünh (SOLAS Reg.III/13), ho¹t éng tù éng khi tµu ch m (H1). H nh1/fig.1 BÌ b m h i vµ thiõt bþ nh thñy tünh ph i îc b o dìng 12 th ng 1 lçn bëi 1 tr¹m b o dìng îc c«ng nhën. ThiÕt 1. GENERAL LIFERAFTS 27 Liferafts (SOLAS Reg. III/31.1 and LSA Code) can be subdivided into two basic types, i.e. rigid and inflatable. The rigid type is very rare nowadays. Both rigid and inflatable liferafts are either manually or davit launched. Ships, where the bow or stern is more than 100 metres from the survival craft, lifeboats and liferafts, must carry an additional 6-man liferaft, forward or aft as required, in case there are crew working in that area. With the exception of the additional 6- man liferaft, if fitted, all liferafts must be secured with a hydrostatic release unit (SOLAS Reg. III/13) that will automatically release if the ship sinks (Fig. 1). Inflatable liferafts and hydrostatic release units must be serviced every 12 months by a servicing station approved in compliance with the RINA Rules for the certification of Service Suppliers. Disposable hydrostatic release units in lieu of servicing are to be replaced every 2 years (Fig.2). 2. CHECKS AND TESTS - Check the validity of the certificates issued by the last approved servicing station (SOLAS Reg.III/20.8.1). H nh2/fig.2 H nh3/fig.3

bþ nh thñy tünh lo¹i dïng 1 lçn ph i îc thay sau 2 n m (H nh 2).2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö - KiÓm tra hiöu lùc cña giêy chøng nhën do tr¹m b o dìng îc c«ng nhën lçn cuèi cêp. (SOLAS Reg.III/20.8.1). - KiÓm tra t nh trang chung cña hép ùng (H nh 3), Æc biöt lµ khu vùc hép t vµo gi ì. - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng cêt gi vµ ch»ng buéc (H nh 4) 28 - Check the general condition of the containers (Fig. 3), particularly in the area where the containers lean on the supports. - Check the condition of the stowage and securing arrangements (Fig. 4) - Check the condition and connection of the hydrostatic release unit. - Check the condition and connection of the slip hook (Fig. 5). - Check that the liferaft painter is attached to the ship by means of a weak link (Fig. 5). - Check that nothing prevents the liferaft from floating free if the ship sinks. H nh4/fig.4 - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng vµ liªn kõt cña c cêu nh thñy tünh. - KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng vµ liªn kõt cña mãc trît (H nh 5). - KiÓm tra d y buéc bì cøu sinh îc g¾n víi tµu b»ng mét m¾t yõu (H nh 5) - KiÓm tra bì næi kh«ng bþ c n trë khi tµu ch m. H nh5/fig.5

ThiÕt bþ h¹ 1. giíi thiöu chung HÖ thèng h¹ ph ng tiön cøu sinh (bé luët LSA) cã thó lµ: - hö thèng cçn «i cho xuång h¹ tõ m¹n (H nh 1). H nh1/fig.1 - HÖ thèng cçn n cho xuång cêp cøu hoæc bì cøu sinh h¹ b»ng cçn (H nh 2) LAUNCHING APPLIANCES 1. GENERAL 29 Launching arrangements for survival craft (LSA Code) may be: - twin davit systems for side launched lifeboats (Fig. 1). - single davit systems for rescue boats or davit launched liferafts (Fig. 2). - the "structure" required for launching a free-fall lifeboat. The primary requirement of all these systems is to provide a safe means of launching the survival craft in all conditions; the secondary requirement is to provide a means of recovery, when they are used for drills. 2. CHECKS AND TESTS 2.1 Davit structure and foundations Check the davit structure, its foundations, the arms (Fig. 3), the mechanism to move the boat outboard from the stowage position (Fig. 4): visual examination, hammer testing and, if deemed necessary, ultrasonic gauging. H nh2/fig.2 - KÕt cêu yªu cçu cho xuång h¹ r i tù do. Yªu cçu chýnh èi víi têt c c c hö thèng nµy lµ ph i m b o viöc h¹ an toµn cho ph ng tiön cøu sinh trong mäi iòu kiön; yªu cçu thø hai lµ viöc thu håi ph ng tiön cøu sinh, khi chóng îc dïng cho môc Ých thùc tëp. 2. KIÓm TRA Vµ THö 2.1 KÕt cêu vµ ch n cçn KiÓm tra kõt cêu cçn, ch n cña cçn, tay H nh3/fig.3 Particular attention is to be paid to the area of the davit behind the sheaves (Fig. 5). 2.2 Sheaves Check that the sheaves are wellmaintained, greased, free to rotate (Fig. 6) and not worn. 2.3 Falls

(H nh 3), c cêu a xuång tõ vþ trý cêt gi ra ngoµi m¹n (H nh 4): kióm tra b»ng m¾t, b»ng bóa vµ, nõu cçn, siªu m. CÇn quan t m Æc biöt Õn phçn cçn ë sau b nh r ng (H nh 5). 2.2 B¹c KiÓm tra c c b nh r ng b o dìng tèt, tra mì, quay dô dµng (H nh 6) vµ kh«ng bþ mßn. H nh5/fig.5 30 H nh4/fig.4 2.3 C p C p cña ph ng tiön cøu sinh bêt kú ph i îc thay sau 5 n m, hoæc sím h n nõu cã dêu hiöu xuèng cêp, vµ ph i o chiòu sau 2,5 n m (30 th ng). Mét sè chýnh quyòn cã thó yªu cçu thay c p sau 4 n m hoæc sím h n mµ kh«ng cçn o chiòu sau 2,5 n m. KiÓm tra ngµy o chiòu/thay lçn cuèi. KiÓm tra c p îc b o dìng tháa m n vµ kh«ng bþ xuèng cêp. 2.4 Rßng räc m b o c c rßng räc, m¾t, nèi vµ d y buéc îc b o dìng ë t nh tr¹ng tèt (H nh 7 vµ 8). 2.5 Têi vµ phanh ViÖc h¹ ph ng tiön cøu sinh îc thùc hiön b»ng têi (H nh 9) vµ phanh tay (H nh 10) îc iòu khión tõ boong vµ/hoæc thö tõ trong ph ng tiön cøu H nh6/fig.6 The falls of any survival craft must be changed at least every 5 years, or sooner if they show signs of deterioration, and must be turned end for end every 2 1/2years (30 months). Some flag states may accept that the falls are changed at least every 4 years or sooner, without the need to turn them end for end every 2 1/2 years. Check the date of the last reversal/renewal. Check that the falls are satisfactorily maintained and without deterioration. H nh7/fig.7

sinh. KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng têi vµ thö phanh tay khi h¹.cêp cho m«t tríc khi tay cçn tíi vþ trý dõng nh»m tr nh øng suêt qu lín xuêt hiön trong c p hoæc cçn.b»ng têi iòu khión b»ng tay, nhng c c hö thèng hiön ¹i h n kõt hîp mét têi îc lai b»ng éng c hoæc éng c dïng khý nðn. HÖ thèng ph i cã ng¾t cuèi Ó ng¾t nguån n ng lîngkhi thu håi nªn t¾t têi tríc khi tay cçm vò tíi vþ trý nghø vµ hoµn thµnh c«ng viöc b»ng tay. H nh9/fig9 H nh10/fig.10 2.7 C c vên Ò kh c - Thang xuèng ph? ng tiön cøu sinh: kióm tra t nh tr¹ng chung cña thang (H nh 11), liªn kõt víi boong vµ thang ñ dµi tíi níc khi tµu ë tr¹ng th i nhñ t i nhêt. Æc biöt chó ý t nh tr¹ng d y cña thang. 31 H nh8/fig.8 2.4 Blocks Ensure that all blocks, padeyes, links and fastenings are maintained in good condition (Figs. 7 and 8). 2.5 Winch and brakes The launching of davit-launched survival craft is controlled through a winch (Fig. 9) and a manual brake (Fig. 10) operated from the deck and/or from the survival craft. Check the condition of the winch and test the manual brake during the descent. 2.6 Recovery arrangement In addition to lowering the survival craft the launching devices must incorporate a means of recovery. On older ships this may be a manually operated winch, but more modern installations incorporate a powered winch. The power may be supplied either by an electric motor or an air motor. The system must incorporate limit switches, which cutoff the power supply to the motor before the davit arms reach the stops in order to avoid overstressing falls or davits. During recovery operations it is advisable to stop the powered winch before the davit arms reach their rest position and complete the operation manually. Test proper working of the limit switches.

H nh11/fig.11 KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng b o dìng vµ ho¹t éng cèu chiõu s ng sù cè khu vùc cêt gi vµ h¹ ph ng tiön cøu sinh. KiÓm tra híng dén h¹ xuång vµ bì, thêng lµ ë d¹ng c c b ng g¾n gçn vþ trý cêt gi îc chiõu s ng b»ng c c Ìn sù cè. 32 2.7 Miscellaneous - Embarkation ladders: check the overall condition of the ladders (Fig. 11), their connection to the deck and that they are long enough to reach the water when the ship is in light condition. Particular attention is to be paid to the condition of the ropes. - Check the maintenance condition and functioning of the emergency lighting for the stowage and launching positions of survival craft. - Check the availability of launching instructions for lifeboats and liferafts, usually in the form of posters affixed near the stowage positions and under the emergency lighting.

ThiÕt bþ m¹n kh«1. giíi thiöu chung C c thiõt bþ m¹n kh«sau cçn îc xem xðt: - DÊu m¹n kh«- N¾p hçm hµng - èng th«ng h i - Qu¹t giã - Lan can vµ m¹n gi - Cöa - èng o 2. dêu m¹n kh«kióm tra dêu m¹n kh«îc g¾n cè Þnh, s n óng vµ dô nh n thêy ë c 2 m¹n tµu (H nh 1). v r H nh2/fig.2 LOAD LINE APPLIANCES 1. GENERAL 33 The following load line appliances are considered: - Load line marks - Cargo hatch covers - Air pipes - Ventilators - Bulwarks and guardrails. - Doors - Sounding pipes 2. LOAD LINE MARKS Check that the load line marks are permanently marked, duly painted and plainly visible on both sides of the ship (Fig.1). 3. CARGO HATCH COVERS & COAMINGS Check the structural condition of the covers, coamings and relevant stiffeners (corrosion, wastage or damage) (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). H nh1/fig.1 3. n¾p vµ thµnh qu y miöng hçm hµng KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng kõt cêu cña n¾p hçm hµng, thµnh qu y vµ c c nñp liªn quan ( n mßn, h h¹i) (H nh 2 vµ 3). H nh3/fig.3 Check the condition of compression bars, gaskets and relevant retaining channels (Fig. 4). Check the condition of cleats (Fig. 5) and cross joint wedges (all available and well-maintained). Test the opening/closing system. For the hydraulic system particular attention is to be paid to oil leakages

34 KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng têm Öm, Öm lµm kýn vµ c c r nh gi (H nh 4). KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng c c cäc thao t c nhanh (H nh 5) vµ c c mèi hµn ch thëp (ph i cã ñ vµ b o dìng tèt). 4. AIR PIPES Check the structural condition of air pipes (corrosion, wastage or damage). Check the condition of closing devices which may consist of: - plug (rubber or wood) attached to the pipe by chain; - flaps with seals and dogs (Fig. 7); - float ball type (Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). For this type dismantling may be necessary to check both the float ball and the condition of the float chamber. H nh4/fig.4 Thö hö thèng ãng/më. Víi hö thèng thñy lùc cçn Æc biöt quan t m Õn rß rø dçu (H nh 6). H nh6/ Fig.6 H nh5/ Fig.5 4. èng th«ng h i KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng kõt cêu cña èng th«ng h i (mßn, h h¹i). H nh7/fig.7 Check that each air pipe is properly labelled with the indication of the tank it serves (Fig. 10). Check the condition of the flame screen (corrosion, damage, obstructions) where required to be fitted. 5. VENTILATORS Check the structural condition of

KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng c cêu ãng, bao gåm: - n¾p chæn víi c cêu ãng kýn vµ chèt (h nh 7); - kióu bãng hoæc Üa næi (H nh 8 vµ 9). 35 coamings (corrosion, wastage or damage). Check the condition of closing devices (covers, hinges, gaskets and dogs) (Fig. 11 and Fig. 12). H nh.8/fig.8 H nh11/fig.11 H nh9/fig.9 H nh10/fig.10 H nh12/ Fig.12 6. BULWARK AND GUARDRAILS Check the structural condition of bulwarks and relevant stanchions (corrosion, wastage, damage) (Fig. 13). Check the condition of guardrails (corrosion, wastage, damage) (Fig. 14) 7. DOORS Check the condition of doors and relevant sills (corrosion, damage). Check the condition of gaskets and relevant retaining channels. Check the condition of closing devices (toggles, dogs, hinges), all available and welllubricated (Fig. 15).

Cã thó cçn ph i th o ra Ó kióm tra bãng hoæc Üa næi. KiÓm tra mçi èng th«ng h i îc nh dêu óng cïng víi tªn kðt mµ nè phôc vô (H nh 10). KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng líi chæn löa (mßn, h h¹i, kñt) nõu yªu cçu ph i trang bþ ( èi víi kðt dçu) 5. qu¹t giã KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng kõt cêu cña thµnh qu y (mßn, h h¹i). KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng cña c cêu ãng (n¾p, b n lò, Öm vµ chèt) (H nh 11 vµ 12). 6. lan can vµ m¹n gi KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng kõt cêu c u m¹n gi vµ c c cét chèng (mßn, h h¹i) (H nh 13). KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng lan can (mßn, h h¹i) (H nh 14). 7. cöa KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng c c cöa vµ ngìng cöa (mßn, h h¹i). kióm tra t nh tr¹ng Öm kýn vµ c c r nh trît. KiÓm tra t nh tr¹ng c cêu ãng (then, b n lò, chèt) ph i cã ñ vµ îc b«i tr n tèt (H nh 15). 8. èng o 36 H nh14/fig.14 8. SOUNDING PIPES Sounding pipes are to be fitted with closing devices, which consist of: - self-closing devices (usually operated by counterweight) for sounding pipes located in the engine room (Fig. 16); and H nh15/fig.15 H nh13/fig.13 H nh16/fig.16

èng o ph i cã c cêu ãng, bao gåm: - c cêu tù ãng (thêng ho¹t éng nhê èi träng) cho èng o trong buång m y (H nh 16); vµ - nót d y víi èng o ngoµi buång m y. KiÓm tra c cêu tù ãng îc trang bþ vµ ho¹t éng tèt (kh«ng kñt) va cã nót. 37 - threaded plug for sounding pipes outside the engine room. Check that self-closing devices are fitted and properly working (not seized) and that plugs are in place.

sù s¹ch sï cña buång m y vµ khoang m y l i. 1. giíi thiöu chung Khu vùc buång m y vµ sµn buång m y (H1 vµ H2) kh«ng îc s¹ch sï theo thanh tra C ng vô cã nguy c ch y trong mét sè trêng hîp nghiªm träng cã thó dén tíi viöc lu gi tµu. CLEANLINESS OF ENGINE ROOM AND STEERING GEAR ROOM 38 1. GENERAL Poor cleanliness of machinery spaces and relevant bilge (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is associated by port State control officers to fire hazards and in some serious cases it can lead to ship detention. 2. buång m y H nh1/fig.1 - M y chýnh vµ m y phô; kh«ng rß rø nhiªn liöu, dçu b«i tr n, níc lµm m t) - Khay høng xung quanh c c kðt nhiªn liöu; kh«vµ s¹ch - T«n sµn; îc cè Þnh vµ kh«ng dýnh dçu. - Phô tïng vµ vët t: s¾p Æt vµ cêt gi t¹i c c n i chuyªn dông. - y: kh«vµ s¹ch. 3. Buång m y l i - Kh«ng cã dçu bþ rß rø. - Kh«ng cã sù bè trý bêt hîp lý (c c èng, c c b nh «xy vµ acetylene v.v) - Sµn buång m y kh«ng dýnh dçu. H nh2/fig.2 2. ENGINE ROOM - Main & auxiliary engines: no leakage (fuel oil, lubricating oil, cooling water). - Drip trays around fuel oil tanks: dry and clean. - Floor plates: fixed in place and not oily. - Spare parts and consumables: rigged and stored in dedicated spaces. - Bilge: dry and clean. 3. STEERING GEAR ROOM - No oil leakage. - No improper storage (drums, oxygen and acetylene bottles, etc.) - Floor not oily. * * *

Ên phèm hµng h i, h i å vµ c c tµi liöu kh c 1. Ên phèm hµng h i C c Ên phèm hµng h i (H nh1) ph i cho biõt c c th«ng tin hµng h i - îc cëp nhët. Theo SOLAS Reg.V20, têt c c c tµu ph i cã Çy ñ vµ îc cëp nhët: - h i å - híng dén hµng h i - danh môc Ìn bión - th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión - b ng thñy triòu vµ c c Ên phèm hµng h i cçn thiõt kh c cho chuyõn i, nh danh môc c c µi v«tuyõn iön, lþch thiªn v n hµng h i. m b o r»ng c c Ên phèm hµng h i cçn thiõt/yªu cçu cã trªn tµu ph i ñ cho hµnh tr nh îc cëp nhët vµ/trang bþ míi phï hîp. NAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS,CHARTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTATION 1. NAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS 39 Nautical publications (Fig.1) are intended to provide up-to-date navigational information. According to SOLAS Reg. V/20, all ships are to carry adequate and updated: - charts - sailing directions - lists of lights - notices to mariners - tide tables and all other nautical publications necessary for the intended voyage, such as lists of radio signals, nautical almanac and sight reduction tables. Ensure that the required/necessary nautical publications carried on board are adequate for the intended voyage and updated/renewed as appropriate. 2. CHARTS According to SOLAS Reg. V/20, all ships must carry updated charts necessary for the intended voyage (Fig.2). 2. H i å H nh1/fig.1 Theo SOLAS Reg V/20, têt c c c tµu ph i cã h i å cçn thiõt îc cëp nhët cho hµnh tr nh (H nh 2) C c söa æi trong "th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" îc xuêt b n Þnh kú (H nh 3) "Danh môc th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" îc xuêt b n hµng n m, kìm theo mçi h i å lµ ngµy ph t hµnh vµ thø tù c c bæ sung söa æi (H nh 4). H nh2/ Fig.2 Revisions are contained in the Notices to Mariners', published weekly (Fig.3). A Cumulative list of Notices to Mariners is published annually, providing for each chart the relevant date of issue and subsequent amendments (Fig.4).

H nh3/fig.3 C c söa ch a b»ng tay hoæc "d n" trong "Th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" TiÕn hµnh thèm tra c c tµi liöu sau y: - kióm tra c c "Th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" xuêt b n c c n m tríc trªn tµu; - kióm tra "Danh môc th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" trªn tµu; - so s nh "Th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" vµ "Danh môc th«ng b o cho ngêi i bión" m b o r»ng c c h i å - îc cëp nhët thêng xuyªn chýnh x c vµ trang bþ khi Ên phèm míi ban hµnh. 3. tµi liöu kh c C c tµi liöu sau y (giêy chøng nhën, sæ tay, sæ nhët ký v.v.) lu«n îc cêt gi vµ s½n sµng cho c c thanh tra C ng vô vµ c c c quan Chøc n ng kh c kióm tra - GiÊy chøng nhën cho thuyòn viªn (vò chuyªn m«n, y tõ...) - NhËt ký boong, m y, v«tuyõn iön v.v - Sæ tay huên luyön cøu sinh (SOLAS III/51), bao gåm híng dén vµ th«ng tin trang bþ cøu sinh l¾p Æt trªn tµu vµ c c biön ph p cøu sinh tèi u. - Híng dén b o díng thiõt bþ cøu sinh trªn tµu (SOLAS II/52) - B ng ph n c«ng tr ch nhiöm thuyòn viªn (SOLAS III/53) - Biªn b n kióm tra an toµn trang thiõt bþ. 40 Corrections are made by hand or through the use of small tracings provided together with the Notices to Mariners. The following verifications are to be carried out: - check that the Notices to Mariners published the previous year are available on board; - check that the Cumulative list of Notices to Mariners is available on board; - consult the Notices to Mariners and the Cumulative list of Notices to Mariners to ensure that the charts have been correctly and regularly updated or renewed when the new edition becomes available. H nh3/fig.3 3. OTHER DOCUMENTATION The following documentation (certificates, manuals, booklets, etc) is always to be kept readily available and updated for verification by port State control officers and other authorities (the list is not exhaustive): - Crew certificates (of competency, medical, etc). - Log book. - Training Manual (SOLAS III/51), containing instructions and information on the life-saving appliances provided in the ship and on the best methods of survival. - SOPEP (Marpol I/26) Æc biöt lu ý tíi