The American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO) Presents: The AYSO U-12 Coaching Course
U-12 Coaching Course Presented by: The American Youth Soccer Organization
U-12 Coaching Course Overview: AYSO Vision & Mission Statements AYSO 6 Philosophies Team Management Training Overview for U-12 Players The Coaching Cycle Objectives and Principles of the Game Systems of Play Teaching Methods Techniques Exam
U-12 Coaching Course The AYSO National Coaching Program is accredited by: The National Council for Accreditation of Coaching Education (NCACE)
AYSO Vision Statement To provide world class youth soccer programs that enrich children s lives Mission Statement To develop and deliver quality youth soccer programs, which promote a fun, family environment based on the AYSO Philosophies
AYSO Philosophies Open Registration Everyone Plays Balanced Teams Positive Coaching Good Sportsmanship Player Development
U-12 Coaching Course This coaching course is all about Technical cleaning!...
Team Management Develop a Team Goal Something not reliant on the win-loss record Skill level players should grow to Improvement in overall game/law knowledge Develop a Coaching Philosophy Set appropriate expectations Show respect to all players
Team Management Conduct a Parent s Meeting Obtain help Assistant Coach Team Parent Referee s Etc. Explain your goals for the team and your coaching philosophy
Team Management Conduct a Parent s Meeting Set expectations for the parents as spectators and supporters for their children Remind them that they are to encourage but not coach (No more yelling KICK IT or SEND IT ) Set times and requirements for practices and games as well as equipment needed
Team Management Training Sessions (Practice) COME PREPARED! Always have medical release forms. Know what will be worked on prior to arriving at the field
Team Management Practices Warm up includes static and dynamic stretching (the benefits to young children are to develop the habit of stretching prior to physical exertion) Move through practice plan at a steady pace, too much free time and players will find ways to entertain themselves
Team Management Training Sessions Allow players plenty of water! Players should be allowed to get water when they need it - not necessarily only when a break is scheduled Game Day Make sure players know where and when they should show up (30-45 min. prior to game)
Team Management Game Day Have medical release forms or don t play (referee s are not responsible to ensure you have the forms, you are) Have equipment to warm up and a decent game ball if you are Home team Ensure players remove ALL jewelry. Band aids over earrings are not an option
Team Management Game Day Prior to game reinforce the skill or tactic worked on at practice Half time make only one major correction and listen to what players see or think is happening in game After game have a SHORT review the game play and get feedback from players on their performance Remind player of their next practice
Objectives and Principles Objective is a goal or purpose, what is to be achieved. Principles of Play are what is needed to attain your objectives Players must understand both the objectives for the game and how to apply the principles to accomplish the objectives
Objectives and Principles The players are taught the objectives and principles through training sessions, not during the game The ones who also need to understand these but will be the most difficult to teach is the parents
Objectives of the Game Only two: Win! Do not finish 2 nd
Training Overview Objectives of the Game Attacking Objectives Score Advance the Ball Maintain Possession Defending Objectives Prevent Scoring Delay the Opponents Regain Possession
Training Sessions (Practice) Have a practice plan to build up from a static activity (no pressure) to a game situation in the amount of time available Have equipment necessary for training. Dress appropriately
Training Overview Principles of Play Attacking Principles Penetrate Depth Width Mobility Creativity Defending Principles Delay Depth Concentration Balance Composure
Principles of Play As shown before there are five Attacking and Five Defending Principles they offset each other as follows: For each attacking principle, there is a defending principle to counter it Attacking countered by Defending Penetration Depth Width Mobility Creativity Delay Depth Concentration Balance Composure
Principles of Play Penetration/Delay 1 v 1 A D
Principles of Play Depth 2 v 2 D D A A
Principles of Play Concentration D Delay D Depth D A Depth A Penetration A Width
Principles of Play D Concentration D Depth A Depth D Delay A Pen A Mobility D Balance A Width
Principles of Play D Composure D Concentration D Depth A Creativity A Depth D Delay A Pen A Mobility D Balance A Width
Systems of Play U-12 9vs9 2-3-3 Strikers Defenders Midfielders Goalkeeper G
Systems of Play 4-3-1 G
Systems of Play 1-1-6 G
Goalkeepers Position/Players Characteristics Agility Quick reflexes Sure hands Courage to get the ball Ability to distribute the ball Ability to read the game And want to play in goal
Position/Players Characteristics Defenders Who defends? When? The other team has the ball
Position/Players Characteristics Attackers Who attacks When? Our team has the ball!
Positions Position The place a player stands every time play is started: Examples from other sports - Football Before each snap of the ball the left tackle is always on the left next to the left guard, the center always snaps the ball, etc. Baseball The outfielders and infielders are always in their positions prior to the pitch
Positions Positional Responsibilities (Player responsibilities) What s needed from a player during the attack or in defense is this. Make relative decisions based on:
U-12 Coaching Course Goal Attac king Opponent Teammate Time Up a Goal Down a Goal Goal Defending What is the score? Me And read it all in seconds!
Positions What makes soccer different from other more traditional American Sports? With very little exception (kickoffs and penalty kicks) play is not stopped after the attack fails, the defense wins the ball, or even when the ball crosses the touch or goal lines and has to be put back into play.
Positions Coaches must teach all players that they need to play both sides-of-the ball. We all attack and we all defend! When a player makes a creative run up field but possession is lost the whole team must now defend
Positional Responsibilities POSITION Goalkeeper Defender OWN TEAM WITH BALL Begin Attack Maintain Possession Advance Ball Opponent with Ball Stop scoring attempt Stop scoring attempt Regain possession Midfielder Strikers Advance ball Maintain Possession Score Advance ball Maintain possession Delay attack Regain possession Regain possession Delay attack
Training session use Free play Warm-up Build Up Tactical activities End with small games To Develop Match Characteristics Finishing Short/long play Short combined with long play Risk Ability to possess Transition Each training session must include Technical (skills), Tactical development and Conditioning The Coaching Cycle Every training session should improve player and team performance Using information gathered from last game Control the level of difficulty by changing the Space, Speed, Opposition
Teaching Methods P.I.E. Positive Instructional Encouraging Anyone (players/parents/referees/employees/etc.) who only hears what they do wrong will start to believe they cannot do anything right and lose the will to try
Teaching Methods Say, Show, Do and Review Say Explain the skill or technique Show Demonstrate the skill or technique Do Have players perform the skill Review Review, correct (in a positive manner) and confirm proper technique
Teaching Methods See, Show, Say See Coaches must observe players performance during games and practices to see if proper technique or method is being used (also known as the Coaching Eye ) Show Describe what you see the player doing that needs to be corrected and show them the correct way Say Once a player(s) performs the skill, tactic, or strategy effectively let them know! Say it out loud for all to hear...
Laws of the Game
Laws of the Game Law 1 Field of Play 50 x 100 yards Standard markings and areas Law 2 The ball Size 4 Law 3 Number of players 9 v 9 12 on the roster
LAW 4: THE PLAYERS EQUIPMENT Essential Facts Regarding Players Equipment: Jersey, shorts, footwear, and shinguards covered by stockings are required. The goalkeepers must be distinguishable from all other players on the field. Players may not wear anything that could endanger either themselves or another player. Casts or splints, jewelry, watches and articles of adornment are not allowed
LAW 5: THE REFEREE Essential Facts Regarding the Referee: Should interfere with the game as little as possible, penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law, and not whistle for trifling or doubtful offenses
LAW 6: THE ASSISTANT REFEREES Essential Facts Regarding the Assistant Referees: Indicate when the ball is out of play. Indicate which side is entitled to a goal kick, corner kick or throw-in. Indicate when a player may be penalized for being in an offside position. May signal any misconduct, incident, or breach of the Laws which occurred out of view of the referee Assistant referees decisions may be overruled by the referee. Referee decisions may not be overruled by an assistant referee. Referees may consult with and accept the decision of neutral assistant referees to determine whether or not a legal goal was scored
LAW 7: THE DURATION OF THE MATCH Essential Facts Regarding the Duration of the Game: Two equal periods (halves)- length varies with age. The referee is the sole time keeper for the match adding time for time lost
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF at the beginning of the match. at the beginning of the second half. following a goal. at the beginning of overtime periods
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF The team winning the coin toss chooses which goal it will attack in the first half. The other team must kick off. Play is started with a kick-off from the center mark
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF Players must be in their own half Defenders must be at least ten yards from the ball until the ball is in play. The ball is in play when it has been kicked and moved forward
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF The player taking the kick-off shall not touch the ball a second time. ( double touch penalty is an indirect free kick for opposing team.) A goal may be scored directly from a kick-off. The kick-off shall be retaken for any infringement occurring before the ball is in play
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: DROPPED BALL Play is restarted with a dropped ball where the ball was when the play was stopped while the ball was in play: following an injury where no foul occurred. for outside interference...
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: DROPPED BALL for needed repairs to the ball or field equipment for any cause not mentioned in the Laws
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: DROPPED BALL Ball is in play once it has touched the ground. Retaken if it is touched by any player before it has touched the ground or if it goes out of play without being touched by a player
LAW 9: THE BALL IN AND OUT OF PLAY Essential Facts Regarding Ball In and Out of Play: The ball remains in play until the entire ball has crossed the outside edge of either the goal line or touch line either on the ground or in the air. The ball is out of play when the referee has stopped play. The ball remains in play unless signaled out of play by the referee
LAW 10: THE METHOD OF SCORING The ball must completely cross the goal line between the goalposts and under the crossbar (legally) for a goal to be scored. Only the referee may award or disallow a goal. The referee may accept the opinion of a neutral assistant referee regarding a possible goal that the referee did not see. The position of the ball is what matters, not the position of the goalkeeper
LAW 11: OFFSIDE Essential Facts Regarding Offside: Sit back relax and enjoy the ride! You are offside if, in the opinion of the referee, you gain an advantage from being ahead of the ball when it is touched or played by a teammate
LAW 11: OFFSIDE QUESTIONS?
LAW 11: OFFSIDE POSITION 1. Ahead of the ball, and 2. In the opponent s half of the field, and 3. Behind the 2 nd- to-last defender (or even with both) A player in offside position may not participate in that play
LAW 11: OFFSIDE POSITION WHEN JUDGED? When ball is touched or played by a teammate
LAW 11: OFFSIDE POSITION Not a violation to be in offside position. What happens next?...
LAW 11: OFFSIDE INVOLVEMENT 1. Interfering with play, or 2. Interfering with an opponent, or 3. Gaining an advantage by being in that position
LAW 11: OFFSIDE 1. Throw in 2. Corner kick 3. Goal kick EXCEPTIONS
LAW 11: OFFSIDE RESTART The punishment for being offside is an indirect free kick for the opposing team. The indirect free kick is taken from the location of the offside player
LAW 12: FOULS AND MISCONDUCT Essential Facts Regarding Fouls: Indirect Free kick fouls Direct Free kick fouls Cautionable Offenses yellow card Sending Off Offenses red card
LAW 12: FOULS AND MISCONDUCT Essential Facts Regarding Fouls: DIRECT FREE KICK FOULS Seven require that the fouls be committed carelessly, recklessly, or with excessive force. The other three require only that they be committed
Law 13: Free Kicks Read the book!...
Law 14 The Penalty Kick Read the Book!...
Law 15: The Throw-in Essential Facts Regarding Throw-In: Ball crosses completely over a touchline Team that last touched the ball, loses possession Opposing team takes the throw-in from the point where the ball left the field. The thrower must face the field and part of both feet must remain on or behind the touch line. The ball must be thrown with both hands from behind and over the head.
Law 15: The Throw-in The ball is in play as soon as it is both released and has entered the field of play. No double touch (penalty is an indirect free kick for the opposing team from the point of the infraction). If the ball is improperly thrown in, it shall be retaken by a player of the opposing team. A goal may not be scored directly from a throw-in. Defender can t interfere must stay back at least two yards.
Law 16: The Goal Kick Essential Facts Regarding Goal Kick: Ball crosses the goal line, last touched by the attacking team Defending team places the ball anywhere within the goal area. The ball is in play once it has been kicked beyond the penalty area. Opposing players must remain outside the penalty area until the ball is kicked into play beyond the penalty area.
Law 16: The Goal Kick A goal may be scored directly from a goal kick, but only against the opposing team. No double touch (penalty is an indirect free kick for the opposing team). Exception to the Offside Law is permitted for the first person to receive the ball from a goal kick
Lay 17: The Corner Kick Essential Facts Regarding Corner Kick: When the ball crosses the goal line, last touched by defending team Attacking team places ball within the corner arc nearest to where it went out. A goal may be scored directly from a corner kick. The ball is in play after it has been kicked and moves. Opposing players must remain ten yards from the ball until it is kicked into play
Lay 17: The Corner Kick The corner flag must not be moved or removed during the taking of the corner kick. No double touch (penalty is an indirect free kick for the opposing team). Exception to the Offside Law is permitted for the first person to receive the ball from a corner kick
Read the Law Book Game Officials are Humans Too! Thank you
Read the Law Book Game Officials are Humans Too!
Techniques Dribbling Ball Control Inside of the foot Sole of the foot Top of the thigh Instep kick Inside of foot push pass
Techniques Heading Not to be taught prior to U-12 age groups Throw-in Tackling front block (not sliding) Goalkeeping
Next Step U-12 Exam Field demonstrations of skills and techniques are next, see you on the field.