Enabling high-quality recycling of bio-waste through innovative waste separation technologies 3 rd International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management; Tinos, 3/07/2015 Katharina Krell Greenovate! Sprl, Belgium
Valuable European waste Recyclables Dry fraction Organic fraction
The challenge: Efficient waste separation Real challenge is to separate organics from the rest Current solutions: 1. Separation at source / kerbside collection Challenges of contamination and citizen participation High logistics cost Difficult in very low and very high density areas 2. Mechanical separation at centralised waste treatment facilities Often low separation efficiency A lot of organics in non-organic fraction and vice versa
The OREX press: a new approach to central separation of wastes SEPARATION 98% efficiency Organic fraction Non-organic fraction Homogenous semi-liquid biogenic fraction Plastic & Textiles Paper & Cardboard Minerals & Metals
Extruder press for MSW / SSO High-pressure extrusion into two valuable waste streams that are each more valuable with the absence of the other wet organic fraction dry non-organic
A 3-step process Principle: Soluble organic matter behaves like a liquid and is separated from dry non-organic fraction Feed phase Low pressure Expulsion phase Low pressure
Physical properties / dry fraction Upstream density: 0.7/0.8 t/m³ approx. Residual humidity: about 18-20% Average caloric level: >14-16,000 kj/kg Organic: (except wood) <4-5% After further separation Sellable recyclables High-quality fuel -without much water content -With less odour and insects
Physical properties / wet fraction Upstream density: 0.8/0.9 t/m³ approx. Residual humidity: about 60-65% no floatation of material In case of AD: Biogas yield >180m³/h CH4 approx. 60% Low fiber level and very low contaminant level After anaerobic digestion (AD): Biogas Clean digestate
9 The waste press as part of a MBT (I)
10 The waste press as part of a MBT (II)
OREX performance tests in UK and DE Short term tests in UK MSW Manchester black bag & sub-streams MSW Liverpool black bag Bio-waste Bedford mixed garden & kitchen waste Limitations of methodology: Mobile test press specs & number of samples! Long-term tests in DE Mixed rest waste Separately collected bio-waste Mono-streams
MSW Trials Black Bag Manchester MSW Black bag Manchester Average Separation OREX TS VS Moisture ash VS/TS Original 100 37 34,8 63,0 2,3 94% Dry 55 63 51,3 37,0 11,7 82% Wet 45 28,6 25,1 71,0 4,3 88%
MSW Trials Black Bag Liverpool Average MSW Black bag Liverpool Separation OREX TS VS Moisture ash VS/TS Original 100 36 30,3 64,0 5,7 84% Dry 55 59 48,5 41,0 10,5 82% Wet 45 25,5 24,1 71,0 2,6 94%
18000 16000 14000 MSW dry fraction: Gross Calorific Value 16600 14200 13100 12000 kj/kg 10000 8000 7610 6840 6560 6000 4000 2000 0 MSW fractions BB Manchester BB Screen Trommel Fines Heavy Rejects Organic Stockport BB Liverpool
700 MSW wet fraction: Methane yield 600 616 596 576 500 475 499 L CH 4 /kg.vs applied 400 300 200 420 100 0 MSW fractions BB Manchester BB Screen Trommel Fines Heavy Rejects Organic Stockport BB Liverpool
MSW wet fraction: Biogas potential 700 Methane yield (L CH 4 per kg.vs applied 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 1 2 3 6 7 8 13 14 15 17 20 21 Black Bag Manchester Black Bag Screen Time (Days) Trommel Fines Heavy Rejects Organic Stockport Black Bag Liverpool Ø Average
Summary 17 The OREX extruder waste press is an alternative approach to waste separation, based on material type rather than on size OREX can become the heart of modern MBT The performance values claimed by the developer have been largely confirmed in short-term test with a mini test press so far Wet fraction from residual waste: Little impurities (2,6-4,6%) High methane yields (567-616 L CH4/kg VS) High biogas yield (230-257 m3/tons) Dry fraction from residual waste: High calorific values (14.2-16.6 MJ/ton) Moisture reduced (37-41%)
Next steps Long-term tests with several waste streams in Germany In-depth analysis of undesirable materials in wet fraction LCA Environmental Impact Assessment Final presentation of results and open-door day at long-term test site at EGW in Gescher, Germany (Spring 2016)
Achieving high-quality organic feedstock for anaerobic digestion and composting through innovative separation technologies (2013-2016) www.separate-wastesystems.eu European consortium: db technologies, The Netherlands Greenovate!, Belgium Opportunity Peterborough, UK EGW, Germany Contact: Katharina Krell Partner Greenovate! Sprl, katharina.krell@greenovate.eu Tel: +32 2 400 1005