Moving Air: 1.B.II Sailboats Grade Level 1 Sessions Seasonality Instructional Mode(s) Team Size MA Frameworks WPS Benchmarks Key Words Session I: Introduction to Sailboats and Pictographs 60 minutes Session II: Building and Testing Sailboats 60 minutes Columbus Day Whole class N/A Skills of Inquiry 1. Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment. 2. Tell about why and what would happen if? 3. Make predictions based on observed patterns 5. Record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements 6. Discuss observations with others Earth and Space Science 2. Understand that air is a mixture of gases that is all around us and that wind is moving air Physical Sciences 3. Describe the various ways that objects can move, such as in a straight line, zigzag, back-and-forth, round-and-round, fast, and slow Technology/Engineering 1. Materials and Tools 1.3 Identify and describe the safe and proper use of tools and materials (e.g., glue, scissors, tape, ruler, paper, toothpicks, straws, spools) to construct simple structures. 01.SC.IS.01 01.SC.IS.02 01.SC.IS.03 01.SC.IS.05 01.SC.IS.06 01.SC.TE.03 Pictograph, prediction, sailboat, wind Summary This lesson will introduce students to pictographs, making predictions, and how a sailboat moves. The students should recall what they know about wind and use it to describe the motion of a sailboat. A pictograph will be incorporated into the lesson by having the students use geometrical shapes to make a sailboat, coloring it a particular color, and then placing it in the appropriate column on a graph. Students will also construct their own sailboat, and determine which way the boat will move in the water based on where the wind is coming from. At the end, the students will test the sailboats they made to see how well they perform. - 1 -
Learning Objectives Massachusetts Frameworks for Grades Pre K-2 Skills of Inquiry 1. Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment. 2. Tell about why and what would happen if? 3. Make predictions based on observed patterns 5. Record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements 6. Discuss observations with others Earth and Space Science 2. Understand that air is a mixture of gases that is all around us and that wind is moving air Physical Sciences 3. Describe the various ways that objects can move, such as in a straight line, zigzag, back-and-forth, round-and-round, fast, and slow Technology/Engineering 1. Materials and Tools 1.3 Identify and describe the safe and proper use of tools and materials (e.g., glue, scissors, tape, ruler, paper, toothpicks, straws, spools) to construct simple structures. 2002 Worcester Public Schools (WPS) Benchmarks for Grade 1 01.SC.IS.01 Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment. 01.SC.IS.02 Tell about why and what would happen if? 01.SC.IS.03 Make predictions based on observed patterns. 01.SC.IS.05 Record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements. 01.SC.IS.06 Discuss observations with others. 01.SC.TE.03 Identify and describe the safe and proper use of tools and materials (e.g., glue, scissors, tape, ruler, paper, toothpicks, straws, spools) to construct simple structure. Additional Learning Objectives 1. Understand how to construct and interpret a pictograph - 2 -
2. Understand how weight distributions and other properties affect the sailboat 3. Understand that the movement of a sailboat is due to wind. Required Background Knowledge 1. Moving Air Wind Socks 1.B.I Essential Questions 1. What is a sailboat? 2. How does a sailboat move? 3. What is a pictograph? Introduction / Motivation Have the students recall what they learned about wind. Ask questions about sailboats and how they move. Procedure Session I: Introduction to Sailboats and Pictographs 60 minutes Instructor preparation: 1. Make overhead transparency provided in attachment section of sailboat. 2. Make appropriate number of copies of cut out shapes worksheet. 3. Cut an 8 ½ x 11 piece of white paper into 4 pieces for pictograph enough for each student to have 2 pieces of paper. 4. Make labels for x and y-axis of pictograph. The instructor will: 1. Ask students what they recall about wind and describe how a sailboat is something that moves in the wind. 2. Show overhead of sailboat and pass out cut out shapes worksheet. Have the students cut out each shape and make an outline of a sailboat with at least three of the shapes. 3. Have the students trace their sailboat onto the piece of paper 4. Choose 4 colors for the students to pick from and then have the students color their traced sailboat one of the colors. - 3 -
5. Introduce the students to a pictograph. On the blackboard or the floor take masking tape and tape out an x and y- axis. Label the x-axis Sailboat Colors and write (or tape pieces of paper if on the floor) the 4 colors chosen. Label the y-axis Number of Students. 6. Group the students by the color they chose, and have each group place their RED BLUE PINK GREEN sailboat in the appropriate place on the Sailboat Colors graph, with one higher than the other (use tape to attach to ground or board) as seen in the picture. 7. When done, ask the students questions regarding the graph such as What color did more students choose? and What color did the least number of students choose? 8. Repeat the exercise again, and then compare and contrast the graphs. Number of Students Session II: Building and Testing Sailboats 60 minutes Instructor preparation: 1. Cut the fabric into triangles with ~4 inch bases and ~3 inches in height and make three small holes for the insertion of the wooden dowel and pipe cleaner. The x on the figure below represents where the holes should be made. ~3 inches ~4 inches - 4 -
2. Cut the wooden dowels into approximately 4 inch pieces (One dowel/student) 3. Cut the pipe cleaners into approximately 5 inch pieces. (One pipe cleaner/student) 4. Prepare a large tub of water to test the sailboats in. The instructor will: 1. Pass out wooden dowel, pipe cleaner, fabric for sail, and weigh boat to each student. 2. Wrap the pipe cleaner once around the wooden dowel about ¾ of the length from the top, leaving the two ends sticking straight out. Attach the cloth triangle to the wooden dowel. This can be done by fitting the dowel through the small hole in the top of the fabric. Attach the pipe cleaner to the wooden dowel by wrapping the pipe cleaner around the dowel. Then attach the pipe cleaner to the fabric by placing the pipe cleaner through the two precut holes in the fabric. 3. Explain to students that they need to put playdough on the dowel to stop the sail from falling down. Put play-dough in the bottom of the weigh boat and insert dowel. (It might be necessary to add more play-dough to the back so the boat does not tip over). Make sure students understand that they need enough play-dough to keep the dowel up and not so much that the boat sinks. 4. Explain to the students what a prediction is. Ask the students to make simple predictions based on observation, such as What do you predict to happen if it there are dark clouds in the sky? - 5 -
5. Ask the student to predict the direction the sailboat will move depending on which way the wind blows. 6. Verify if the students predictions were right or wrong by placing each student s sailboat individually into the tub of water. 7. Use a hand held fan to push the sailboats across the tub, demonstrating wind power. (It is better to have the fan as low to the water as possible and angled up, rather than down. If the fan is too high or angled towards the water, the sailboats may tip over.) 8. Determine which sailboats performed the best and ask the students why some worked better than others. (Examples: Was the boat too light or too heavy? Did the sail stay in place?) Materials List Materials per class Amount Location Overhead of sailboat 1 Attachment section (needs to be printed on transparency) Tub (to be filled with water) 1 Discount department store Hand held fan 2 Discount department store Materials per student Amount Location Cloth triangles (3 inches in 1 per student Craft store for cloth height and 4 inches in width) 3 5/16" x 3/4" Polystyrene Weigh boats size 1 per student United States Plastic Corporation or other online sites (search weigh boats) Pipe cleaners 1 per student @ 5 in Drugstore, craft store, dollar store length Play-dough Use at discretion Toy store, drug store Wooden dowels 1 per student @ 4 in Craft store length Shape templates 1 packet per student Attachment section Vocabulary with Definitions 1. Wind moving air. 2. Sailboat a boat that uses wind to move in water. 3. Pictograph a graph that represents numbers by grouping images together. - 6 -
4. Prediction a statement made about the future based on observed patterns. Assessment / Evaluation of Students The instructor may assess the students in any/ all of the following manners: 1. Check drawings to see if students can identify the shape of a sailboat. 2. Ask questions about the pictograph to insure that the students understand how the data is organized. 3. Ask students how the wind affects an object s movement. 4. Ask what properties (such as weight) about the sailboats made them perform better or worse. Lesson Extensions The instructor might use this lesson as an introduction to making predictions and using pictographs. The instructor might also use this lesson to develop basic knowledge of weather. Attachments 1. Sailboat - for overhead transparency 2. Cut out shapes worksheet Troubleshooting Tips None Safety Issues Students need to handle wooden dowels properly. Students should be supervised at all times while constructing the sailboats. The fan should be operated by the instructor and only given to students with discretion. Additional Resources None References for Images Used Sailboat Microsoft Word Clip Art Key Words Pictograph, prediction, sailboat, wind - 7 -
SAILBOAT
Cut out the following shapes and use them to draw a sailboat!