PPE Refresher Using your SCBA

PPE Refresher Using your SCBA Time Requirement: 2-3 hours total (depending on number of participants) Number of Instructors: Minimum of 2 Materials Student materials (participant guide, worksheets) Whiteboard, easel and easel paper, or chalkboard Markers or chalk Objectives When completed, participants will be better able to: Ø Identify the types of respiratory protection. Ø Identify components of your SCBA. Ø Identify fit testing requirements for SCBA use. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 1

Ø Identify practices you use for care of your SCBA. Ø Demonstrate checkout, donning and doffing of your SCBA. Teaching Methods Presentation/discussion Demonstration Small group activity Individual activity Suggested Instructor Preparation Select this exercise only if everyone is bringing their SCBA to training; can be used in ERR or 8HR. Review participant guide and exercises Test all web links prior to the session and If any are inoperative please notify the Midwest Consortium at alerdilr@ucmail.uc.edu Review the Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC), Respiratory Protection, Work Practices and Decon sections of the program that these participants have completed Review OSHA standard 1910.134, Respiratory Protection Review OSHA standard 1910.1020, Access to employee exposure and medical records Conduct reconnaissance: obtain the respiratory protection program for the company where the training will be conducted and identify the hazards that result in selection of SCBAs. If open enrollment, obtain a generic program for participants to review Assure you are familiar with the SCBAs that will be used Obtain a facepiece that you can use to illustrate positive-pressure user check PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 2

Copy Worksheets for each exercise (minimum of 4 exercises) Prepare agenda and class notes to be included in the program file Assure that you have assembled all the materials needed for the exercise Minimum Content Requirements Review objectives Discuss uses of SARs Discuss the need for fit testing, and routing user checks Discuss the need for rigorous cleaning, storage, inspection and maintenance procedures Note the requirements for the written program Medical fitness review for anyone using an SCBA Four exercises: Current practices, Identify parts of the SCBA, Monthly checks (optional), Donning/Doffing, Current practices revisited Questions You May Be Asked 1. Be prepared to discuss the company Respiratory Protection Program. Some participants may not know it exists, or question if it is complete. For open enrollment, general approaches of working through union or company health and safety officers to obtain a copy should be discussed. 2. Trainees may question whether various procedures are adequate ( I just keep the facepiece in the bottom of my locker ). For contract programs, reconnaissance will provide you with information about the written procedures, but these may not be implemented. 3. "What do I do when my employer tells me there is no budget to get new equipment, but the facepiece no longer fits me? Be prepared to facilitate a discussion on strategies to improve the company respirator program through discussions with employee or management representatives. Emphasize that the law requires that employers provide adequate protection from respiratory hazards. 4. "What about facial hair? My employer has a 'no beard' policy, and I don't like it." PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 3

Emphasize that facial hair prevents a good fit, resulting in exposure to toxic substances. 5. I have not been fit tested in a few years. Does that mean I cannot respond? From your knowledge of the company program, it could be that the participant was fit tested but does not remember. Facilitate a discussion of who to contact. Presentation of the Session This session can be presented as follows: Review the objectives Review images of different types of respirators Respiratory Protection/Types of Respirators This section is a very brief review and can be done by reference to the handout. Draw attention to the focus of this exercise: SCBAs. Exercise Current Practices for your SCBA Distribute the Worksheet Current practices and have participants complete it. Ask: How many of you were fit tested in the past year? Ask: Why do you need to use an SCBA? Have participants keep this worksheet, and return to it following the review at the end of the session. Air-supplying Respirators (ASRs) Ask: When can an ASR be used according to standard practice? Ask: How do ASRs work? Review the various types of ASRs, and note that this program is for use of SCBAs only, as that is what has been selected for the work done by participants. Demonstrate the parts of an SCBA using one brought by a participant. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 4

Exercise Identify all the parts of your SCBA Describe the exercise and distribute the worksheet. Sign off only after each participant/group has correctly identified all parts. You may set a time limit, to simulate the need to check out a unit rapidly in a response. Respirator Fit Review the importance of proper fit, to assure that the air is filtered before it is inhaled. For SCBA, the fit helps assure that there is not leakage around the facepiece, contaminating clean air coming for the bottle (or supply if SAR). Follow up on the previous question regarding when participants were fit tested, and Ask: Describe how you were fit tested? Illustrate the difference between the figures in the handout for qualitative and quantitative fit testing. Ask: What tasks did you do during the fit testing? Ask: On the Current Practices worksheet, did you check yes for a User Check? Illustrate the positive-pressure check using a facepiece you have brought. Illustrate negative pressure check using your mask, or the illustration in the handout. Note that some participants may not have hands large enough to cover the inlets. Ask: do you know the protection factor from your fit test? As time allows, and there is an identified need to know, review the fit factor calculation, appended to this guide. As time allows, and there is an identified need to know, review the MUC, appended to this guide. Cleaning, Storage, Inspection and Maintenance In a contract program, you should know the written program for this topic; however it may not be followed as written. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 5

Ask: How many of you answered yes to wash the facepiece on the Current Practices worksheet? Ask: How many of you answered done by others to wash the facepiece on the Current Practices worksheet? Review cleaning procedures. Ask: Who answered yes to both parts of question 4 about respirator storage on the Current Practices worksheet? Review the requirement. Ask: Who has been trained to inspect your face piece before and after each use or at least monthly? Review the importance and OSHA requirements. Ask: Who do you tell when a something needs to be fixed on your facepiece? Underscore that repairs must be made by qualified persons. If participants are responsible for the monthly check of the SCBAs, you may want to include a separate performance measure for this responsibility. It should be tailored to the company program, if consistent with 29CFR1910.134. An example is shown in the Appendix to this section. Exercise Monthly Checks If participants are responsible for the monthly checks, complete this exercise. Distribute the checklists and identify the completeness of the required review. Review any inconsistencies with the employer SOP. Minimum Requirements for a Respiratory Protection Program Refer everyone to the page showing the points that must be included in the written program. Be prepared to facilitate a discussion of the importance of each item. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 6

Medical Fitness to Wear a Respirator Facilitate a discussion of the stresses of wearing a respirator (heat, weight of SCBA, extra effort to breathe) in order to show why medical fitness is important to safety. Exercise Donning and Doffing an SCBA Distribute the Worksheet and have each participant complete. Observe the don/doff procedures and make constructive comments as needed before signing off as to proficiency. (Two facilitators may be helpful to assure proficiency is achieved before signing the worksheet.) For some items on the worksheet, the company may have a checklist (example: after use); if so, incorporate that into the afterdonning activities. Using the company Respirator program and SOPs as guidance, facilitate a discussion of actions to be taken if there is an SCBA failure, such as an air hose leak. If training has not been provided regarding this type of emergency, facilitate a discussion regarding foreseeable equipment failures what should be done. Generally, any problem during use will involve alerting and exiting the hot zone. Welcome questions and facilitate a discussion of issues that arose during the exercise. Exercise Current practices for your SCBA revisited Review the completed worksheet on Current practices and identify any area where your SCBA work practices will change, based on this exercise. List report back items on a writing surface viewable by all. Facilitate a discussion on approaches to improve SCBA practices and procedures, as needed. Ask local fire department to discuss options for response with employer. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 7

Discuss with team members and employer the hazards (liability) of incomplete procedures Access the OSHA e-tool for respiratory protection program/practices. Summary Review the objectives Ask: Based on this exercise, what takeaways do you have as you go back to work? List them on a writing surface viewable by all. Answer any remaining questions Follow up Make this exercise better: Forward suggestions to UC Are there other Questions you may be asked that should be included? Organize the listing of takeaways and forward to your program director. These are very important impacts to report to NIEHS. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 8

Assigned Protection Factors Respirators are selected by using Assigned protection factors (APFs). The higher the APF, the more protective the respirator is. These protection factors are set after testing by NIOSH and are subject to change. Protection factors vary according to the particular respirator type. Following is a list of APFs: Type of Respirator Assigned Protection Factors (APFs) Quarter mask* Half mask Full facepiece Helmet/ Hood Loose-fitting facepiece 1. Air-purifying Respirator 5 10 50 - - 2. Powered Air-purifying Respirator (PAPR) - 50 1,000 25/ 1,000 3. Supplied-air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator Demand mode - 10 50 - - Continuous flow mode - 50 1,000 25/ 1,000 Pressure-demand or other positivepressure mode 4. Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) - 50 1,000 - - Demand mode - 10 50 50 - Pressure-demand or other positivepressure mode (e.g., open/closed circuit) - - 10,000 10,000 - *Quarter masks are not widely used, and are not discussed as part of this course. Protection factors also exist for combinations of the above respirators. For example, an SAR with a full-face mask and an auxiliary SCBA equals 10,000. The use of these APFs presumes that the facepiece has been properly selected to provide the best possible fit. These factors do not apply for persons with facial hair as it interferes with the seal of the facepiece. The APFs still apply when choosing a respirator but a person with facial hair that interferes is required to utilize a hood type system and the APF for that is low. 25 25 PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 9

Fit Factor Calculation Proper selection of respirators can be accomplished by dividing the known chemical concentration by the APF. The resulting value needs to be compared to the occupational exposure guideline used by your employer. measured chemical concentration (ppm) APF = parts per million (ppm) If the calculated ppm is higher than the exposure guideline, then that type of respiratory protection would be inadequate. If the calculated ppm is lower than the exposure guideline, then that type of respiratory protection should be sufficient, provided that the measured concentration will not increase, and provided that the measured chemical concentration is below the IDLH concentration, if using an APR. Sample Fit Factor Calculation: Cyclohexene may be released from drums. The safety and health officer measured an 8-hour TWA concentration of 400 ppm of cyclohexene, but OSHA PEL is 300 ppm for an 8-hour work shift. Because engineering controls cannot be implemented, respiratory protection must be used. What type of respiratory protection would provide adequate protection against this contaminant? Formula:!"#$%&"'!!!"#$%&!"#!$#%&'%("# (!!")!"# = ppm First, use the table of APFs to see if a half-face APR can be used: 400 ppm 10 = 40 ppm The resulting answer is 40 ppm, which means that 40 ppm of cyclohexene could be present inside the facepiece of a properly fitted respirator. A concentration of 40 ppm is less than the OSHA 300 ppm PEL, so this type of respiratory protection would be adequate. However, the safety and health supervisor questions the fit for all people in the hot sun. See if a full-face APR provides better protection: 400 ppm 50 = 8 ppm The resulting answer is 8 ppm. A properly fitted full-face APR would be sufficient and would protect better than the half-face APR. Maximum Use Concentration PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 10

If the concentration of the contaminant in the workplace rises to a different level, another calculation of fit factor would need to be done to see if the respirator is still protective at the new concentration. Instead, the Maximum Use Concentration (MUC) is sometimes calculated. To calculate the MUC, multiply the PEL (or other exposure guideline) by the APF: MUC = PEL APF In the example of cyclohexene above, with a half-face APR, the PEL is 300 ppm and the APF is 10: MUC = 300 10 = 3000 ppm Therefore, the half-face APR could be used up to a cyclohexene concentration of 3000 ppm, as long as that concentration is not above the IDLH. Checking the NIOSH Pocket Guide, the IDLH for cyclohexene is 2000 ppm. An APR cannot be used above the IDLH, so the MUC would only be 2000 ppm. Always check the IDLH when calculating the MUC. Calculating the MUC for the full-face APR, you get: MUC = 300 50 = 15,000 ppm Once again, you cannot use an APR above the IDLH, therefore the MUC for cyclohexene for the full-face APR would also be 2000 ppm. PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 11

Name: Respiratory Protection Performance Checklist Current Practices for use of your SCBA 1. What brand and size of facepiece do you use? Brand Size 2. Important dates: When were you last fit-tested? Month Year When were you last medically cleared to use an SCBA? Month Year 3. Circle the word below that describes how often you use the SCBA. Daily Weekly Monthly less than monthly Approximate date last used: / / 4. When not in use, is your respirator facepiece stored a. in a clean location?----------------------------------------------------------------------- o Yes o No b. in a plastic bag or other container to prevent contamination? -----------------o Yes o No 5. The last time you used the facepiece, did you a. check the straps prior to donning? ----------------------------------------o Yes o No b. inspect the facepiece for cracks or color changes?------------------- o Yes o No c. inspect the valve flaps for crack or wear? ------------------------------- o Yes o No d. alert the health and safety rep to deficiencies? ------------------------o Yes o No o None found e. conduct a user check for fit? ------------------------------------------------o Yes o No f. wash the facepiece?----------------------------------------------------------- o Yes o No o done by others g. dry the facepiece thoroughly before storing? -------------------------- o Yes o No o done by others h. inspect the facepiece before re-stowing?-------------------------------- o Yes o No o done by others i. alert the health and safety rep to deficiencies? -------------------------o Yes o No o None found Date Instructor s Signature PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 12

Group or Name: Respiratory Protection Performance Checklist Identify all the parts of the SCBA assembly Identify each of the following parts of the SCBA and enter or NA. Air Cylinder Cylinder air gauge Cylinder wheel valve Hydrostatic test date(s) Specification plate Production date or NA Harness Assembly Air cylinder coupling O-ring High pressure hose 1 st stage regulator Low pressure hose lines 2 nd stage regulator Air saver switch Purge/by-pass valve Mask connection location P.A.S.S. device (do not activate) Shoulder air gauge Quick fill/buddy breathe Shoulder and belt straps/connectors Chest straps Face piece Lens Head harness and straps Face seal Speaking diaphragm/voice amplifier Exhalation valve Nose cup Heads up display (HUD) Eye glass attachment Date Instructor s Signature: Group or Name: PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 13

Respiratory Protection Performance Checklist -- Monthly Checks Enter for each of the items below that are done as part of the monthly check; if not done, put NA. Is everything there? Face piece assembly Regulator and hoses Air bottle and valve Harness and back frame P.A.S.S. Escape bottle or NA Is condition ready for use? Examined for cracks/discoloration/change in shape Face piece Nose cup Lens Exhalation valve Examined for damage/wear Regulator HUD Air bottle(s) Hoses Valves Back frame Back frame harness Batteries charged Checks Purge Valve Air valve Audible air leaks Purge valve Notification Deficient items tagged Notification of tagging made to SCBA administrator Date Instructor s Signature: Group or Name: PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 14

Respiratory Protection Performance Checklist Donning and Doffing an SCBA 1. I performed the following check-out procedures prior to donning: a. Head straps attachments are not loose-------------------------------------------o Yes o No b. Head harness shows no cracks or other defect--------------------------------o Yes o No c. Head straps are stretchy--------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No d. Head straps can be adjusted--------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No e. Exhalation valve flaps are flexible------------------------------------------------- o Yes o No f. Exhalation valve flaps are not discolored----------------------------------------o Yes o No g. P.A.S.S. or escape bottle------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No 2. After donning, I performed the following a. Adjusted head harness---------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No b. Tightened chin straps------------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No c. Tightened forehead straps ----------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No d. Conducted user fit check -----------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No e. Adjusted chest straps----------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No f. Adjusted waist straps ----------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No 3. After doffing, I did the following a. Loosened all straps-----------------------------------------------------------------o Yes o No b. FolIowed company policy for inspection---------------------------------------o Yes o No c. Followed company policy for cleaning------------------------------------------o Yes o No d. Followed company policy for after-use checkout-----------------------------o Yes o No e. Followed company policy for any identified damage/defect---------------o Yes o No Date Instructor s Signature: PPE Refresher-Using your SCBA 15