Code Name: Part 1: (70 points. Answer on this paper. 2.5 pts each unless noted.) 1. It s 2020 and you are studying two nations: 1) Leadernam and 2) Followerstan. In 2020 Leadernam s GDP/capita ($35,000) is 5x that of Followerstan ($7,000). Then, starting in 2021, Followerstan adopts a legal, educational, and political system very similar to that of Leadernam. What Leadernnam's GDP/Capita would economic theory predict will happen to the ratio of over the next Followerstan s GDP/Capita few decades? a. It decreases (ex. 2:1) b. It remains roughly the same (5:1) c. It increases (ex. 8:1) 2. (4 pts) Below are four graphs. One of them plots the actual (estimated) World Income per Capita and World Population between 500 BCE and 1900. Each small dot is one century with some of the dots being labelled. Based on what was taught in class, which is the correct graph? a. c. c. b. d. d. 3. The town of Podunk s population is currently 40,000 people. If Podunk s population grows by 3% a year, what will it be in 15 years? Write an equation with specific numbers below. You do not have to solve the equation. Podunk s Population in 15 years = people 1
4. The town of Bucksnort s population is currently 30,000 people. If Podunk s population grows by 2.0% a year, approximately, what will Bucksnort s population be in in 35 years? Give me a number, not a formula. Bucksnort s Population in 35 years people 5. (4 pts) What are the top 4 characteristics of Modernity according to this class? Check ( ) 4 blanks below. Large changes in technology and living standards are seen in the average lifespan. The trend growth rate of living standards is at or above 1% for each generation. Many goods are traded from one continent to another. Production in factories is common (large scale & volume production taking place under one roof ). Gunpowder and gunpowder weapons. Different regions specialize in the production of different goods. There is little self-sufficiency. Mined energy sources (ex. coal) and materials largely replace wood and other more natural sources. Literacy is widespread. More than ⅓ of the population can read and write. The average worker is very specialized. They usually produce only 1 product or perform only 1 task. 6. Which of the following best define Smithian Growth? a. an increase in living standards caused by a decline in population b. an increase in population while living standards remain constant c. an increase in living standards caused by large and fundamental changes in knowledge and technology d. an increase in living standards, with no major changes in technology, due to workers becoming more specialized and trade becoming more extensive 7. According to this class what role did Smithian Growth play in the onset of modernity? a. Smithian growth certainly helped, but by itself Smithian Growth was not enough to lead to modernity. b. Smithian growth actually hurt in the long-run. Smithian growth delayed the onset of modernity. c. Smithian growth was the direct cause of modernity. 8. It s the year 1450. Which area, according to Jones, has the least arbitrary and most restrained rulers? In which area is a person most likely to have the freedom and security to undertake business endeavors? a. China b. India c. the Ottoman Empire d. Western Europe 9. It s the year 1400. Which area, according to Jones, has the higher birthrate (births per woman)? a. China b. Western Europe c. Neither. China and Western Europe had very similar birthrates according to Jones. 10. It s the year 1400. In which area will a higher percentage of adults be single (unmarried)? a. Wetern Europe b. Eastern Europe c. Neither. Western Europe and Eastern Europe had very similar birthrates according to Jones. 2
# s 11 12: Dude! Astronomers have just discovered a planet with intelligent, humanoid, life. The humanoids have a technology level roughly equal to that of humans on earth in the year 1000 CE. On this planet, there are two continents. These continents are shown below. North Pole Continent A 620 miles 1,000 km Continent B South Pole 11. Which continent is the most likely to have nation-states? 12. Which continent is the most likely to enter modernity first (according to our readings and lecture)? 13. Which of the dashed lines BELOW best represents technological progress between the fall of Rome and the High to Late Middle ages according to John Lovett? Level of Technology a. b. c. 0 CE 200 400 600 14. Which of the dashed lines ABOVE best represents technological progress between the fall of Rome and the High to Late Middle ages according to Gies & Gies? 800 d. 1000 1200 1400 1600 3
15. When was the Warp-Weighted Vertical Loom first invented? a. Well before the Early Middle Ages (ex. 1,000 BCE or earlier) b. During the Early Middle Ages (ex. 800 CE) c. During the Late Middle Ages or Renaissance (ex. 1400 CE) d. During the Enlightenment (ex. 1700 CE) e. During the Industrial Revolution (ex. 1700 CE) 16. When was the Overshot Water Wheel first invented? a. During the Roman Republic and Empire (ex. 100 CE) b. During the Early Middle Ages (ex. 800 CE) c. During the Late Middle Ages or Renaissance (ex. 1400 CE) d. During the Enlightenment (ex. 1700 CE) e. During the Industrial Revolution (ex. 1700 CE) 17. (4.5 pts) It s 1300 and Lord Vader is planning how he will use his land. Lord Vader uses what is a relatively advanced field rotation for the day. Below, draw a plan that describes how Lord Vader will divide his land and what he will do with each section. Lord Vader s Land (24 acres) 18. (4.5 pts) Name each of the parts 1, 2, and 3 of the plow below. Don t worry about part # 4. 1: 2: 3: 19. What does part # 1 do? a. It allows a padded breast collar to be attached. An attachment point low on the plow is needed. b. It turns the soil and lifts it out of the ground. c. It allows the plowman to ride on the plow rather than walking behind it. He can keep up with the horses. d. It makes the 1 st cut in the soil. It prepares the way for the blades at the back of the plow that come after it. 4
20. Which of the following best describe the Stirrup Thesis? a. The Mongols invented the stirrup. The Mongols defeated China before it learned of the stirrup. Europe, however, learned of the stirrup just before the Mongols invaded and stopped the Mongol invaders. b. The stirrup increased the speed of horses ridden by people, but did not increase the speed of horses pulling a wagon. As a result, Europeans began to favor horse paths more and roads less. c. The stirrup was more useful for stallions (male horses) than for mares (female horses). Roman armies used mares, therefore Rome failed to develop the stirrup. d. The stirrup made the knight (armored and horse mounted warrior) the dominant force on the battlefield. The feudal system was developed as a means to help guarantee that a ruler could call on plenty of knights. 21. Did the age of feudalism in Western Europe see large armies take the field? a. No. While there was a lot of conflict, most of it took place between very small armies (ex. 250 men). b. No. There was very little military conflict during this period. c. Yes, but they were not from Western Europe. The only large armies in Europe were from Muslim states around the Mediterranean. Supply problems and guerrilla warfare by Europeans defeated these armies. d. Yes. Feudal Kings and other lords could call on large numbers (several 1,000) from their many vassals. 22. (4 pts) Why did feudalism arise according to Jones? a. Crossbows and longbows could defend a small castle but did not allow an army to conquer a castle. b. Horses needed for plowing were expensive. Only a very rich lord could afford them. c. The large religious wars subsided once Western Europe settled on Roman Catholicism. d. Raids by Vikings and other raiders meant local fortifications worked better than national armies. 23. (4 pts) Why did feudalism decline according to John Lovett? a. The heavy plow meant that skilled peasants were now (relatively) more valuable and land less valuable. b. The heavy plow meant that horses were more valuable as draft animals than for use in war. c. The Ottoman Empire and other Muslim states used national armies to defeat Europe s feudal armies. Europe had to either copy the Ottomans or be defeated. d. Gunpowder meant that small castles were easily conquered and that armored knights no longer dominated the battlefield. 25 26: Consider the following three continents with three different state systems. a. Continent A: The basic political unit is a small estate governed by a lord. There are 100 s of these estates. There are also 8 kings. The Kings are basically just another lord with their own small estate. However, during time of war, each king can call upon the lord s beneath him for soldiers. b. Continent B: The continent consists of a single empire, directly ruled by an emperor. c. Continent C: The continent is divided up into 8 kingdoms. Each king rules directly over his kingdom. 24. (4 pts) Which develops the best according to Jones? 25. (4 pts) Why, according to Jones, will the above (# 25) continent develop the best? a. It will be a large free trade area. There will be no artificial barriers to trade. b. There will be lots of warfare but it will be not be very destructive. The (non-warrior) peasants will thrive. c. The amount of warfare will be very low. d. There will be many political/economic experiments and great competition to adopt the best system. 5
Answer 1 of the following essays on the attached paper. 1. Briefly (I m not looking for great detail), explain what feudalism is. When, roughly, was feudalism the norm in Europe? Why, according to what was taught in this class, did feudalism arise in Europe when and where it did? When and why, according to what was taught in this class, did feudalism (start to) die out in Europe? 2. How, according to Jones (and our lecture), did the European and Asian state systems differ? Don t worry about why they differed for this question. Just explain and illustrate two things: The important differences, for purposes of economic development, between the European state system and Asian state system The results that sprang from the differences in states systems. In other words, how (again according to Jones) did the different state systems lead to different rates of development in Europe and Asia? Explain your answer. 6