The Silver Menace: Invasive Asian Carp in the Midwest

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Transcription:

The Silver Menace: Invasive Asian Carp in the Midwest Timothy Spier, Michael Flinn, Neal Jackson, Jessica Morris, Allison Lebeda, and Brad Hartman Murray State University http://www.miseagrant.umich.edu/explore/native-and-invasive-species/species/fish-species-inmichigan-and-the-great-lakes/asian-carp/silver-carp-no-background/

Outline The Asian Carps Carp biology Status and Current Research

Introducing: The Asian Carps 4 species: Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Black Carp Mylopharyngodon piceus Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella

What are they not? They are NOT Common Carp Cyprinus carpio https://i.ytimg.com/vi/0mvbae24rno/maxresdefault.jpg

Where are they from? http://cdn.thinglink.me/api/image/718674606201765889/1240/10/scaletowidth

Where are they from? Eastern China Vietnam Korea Eastern Russia http://cdn.thinglink.me/api/image/718674606201765889/1240/10/scaletowidth

Bighead Carp and Silver Carp Brought over to use in polyculture

Bighead Carp and Silver Carp Brought over to use in polyculture Multiple species fish culture Bigheads and Silvers improve water quality and provide a secondary source of income Escaped from culture ponds in Arkansas in early 1970 s

Bigheads and Silvers are BIG! https://www.nps.gov/miss/learn/nature/ascarpover.htm http://thelakenews.com/wpcontent/uploads/2015/05/giant-asian-silver-carp.jpg

Are they good sportfish?

Are they good sportfish? Nah. Some bowfishing, some snagging, but not much

Kentucky State Record 233 kg (106 lbs) but hooked accidentally http://thelakenews.com/wpcontent/uploads/2015/05/giant-asian-silver-carp.jpg

Are they good to eat?

Are they good to eat? Absolutely! Tasty flesh, high in Omega 3 s, low in contaminants But a little bony

Silver Carp are jumpers Dangerous to boaters, skiers, jet skis, etc. Illinoistimes.com

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=goljf0teoxk

Biology of Silver Carp

Large Size, Fast Growth Become invulnerable to predation around age 1

Silver Carp Growth Total Length (mm) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 l t = 912 (1 e -0.8849 (t (0.6630)) ) n = 173 2 4 6 8 10 Age (yrs)

Extremely Fecund Up to 1,000,000 eggs per female

Age 0 Silver Carp http://illinois.edu/lb/ilist/518/2/skinid=10420

Feed low on the food web Bigheads = zooplankton and phytoplankton Silvers = phytoplankton and zooplankton

How do they get so big when they eat stuff that is so small?

How do they get so big when they eat stuff that is so small? They eat a lot! Maybe 20% of their body weight per day!

Typical Kentucky Lake Food Web Scott Shupe http://ulrichhopp.de/bilder/kleinkrebse/kl eink_29_leptodora_029.jpg blueplanetsociety.blogspot.com Scott Shupe

Typical Kentucky Lake Food Web Scott Shupe http://ulrichhopp.de/bilder/kleinkrebse/kl eink_29_leptodora_029.jpg blueplanetsociety.blogspot.com Scott Shupe

Short Circuiting the Food Web http://ulrichhopp.de/bilder/kleinkrebse/kl eink_29_leptodora_029.jpg blueplanetsociety.blogspot.com

Distribution Knocking on the door of the Great Lakes $7B fishing industry USGS Silver Carp Distribution as of October 2016

Kentucky Lake as Surrogate for Great Lakes

Kentucky Lake as Surrogate for Great Lakes Largest reservoir east of the Mississippi Important commercial and recreational fisheries Also recreational boating

Our Research at Murray State U. Population demographics of the KY Lake population Movement patterns of Silver Carp in KY Lake

Population Demographics

Silver Carp Growth Total Length (mm) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 l t = 912 (1 e -0.8849 (t (0.6630)) ) n = 173 2 4 6 8 10 Age (yrs)

Tracking Silver Carp in Kentucky Lake

Surgery Tags about size of a roll of dimes http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/files/2015/07/acoustic-tag1.jpg

VR2W Passive Receiver Sits on bottom and listens

Where did they go? Passive receivers

Fish Tracking Results Hancock Biological Station

Silver Carp 51730 December 13-14, 2016

Silver Carp 51730 December 13-14, 2016 December 18-19, 2016

Silver Carp 51730 December 13-14, 2016 December 18-19, 2016 December 20, 2016

Silver Carp 51730 December 13-14, 2016 December 18-19, 2016 December 20, 2016 December 21, 2016

Silver Carp 51730 December 23, 2016 December 21, 2016

Silver Carp 51730 December 28-30, 2016 December 23, 2016 December 21, 2016

How do we stop them?

How do we stop them? Stop expansion Reduce numbers

Carp Barriers Electric barrier system at Romeoville, IL Bubble curtains CO 2 Sound barriers

Electric Barrier Romeoville, IL https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=&url=http%3a%2f%2f progressillinois.com%2fquick-hits%2fcontent%2f2012%2f01%2f09%2fargument-chicago-waterway-changesstrengthened-study-findings&psig=afqjcneowehwdyiz-zpi_kfsw8ybph4bag&ust=1476554358005012 http://archive.jsonline.com/news/statepolitics/asian-carp-fight-to-feature-newbarrier-stepped-up-detection-b99714583z1-377340781.html

Carp Barriers Electric barrier system at Romeoville, IL Bubble curtains CO 2 Sound barriers Being considered for other areas, such as Pickwick Dam on the Tennessee River

Reducing Numbers

Reducing Numbers Few options Piscicides? Predators? Commercial harvest

Commercial Harvest http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm- /439421e44881cea8dc8e5f4c6a15eb5e5db9c2e5/c=0-264-2832-1864&r=x329&c=580x326/local/- /media/2015/02/04/louisville/louisville/635586676713404841-carp1.jpg https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahuke wiz8qwwhnnpahxbryykhwjbanqqjrwibw&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.prairiestateoutdoors.com%2fpso%2f article_print%2f13087&psig=afqjcnee92zehjyelbd4gjzlctvjx66k1g&ust=1476490962700313

Asian Carp Regional Coordinating Committee https://www.flickr.com/photos/acrcc/29983831432/

Acknowledgements Field Help: Dalton Lebeda Jessica Morris Ronnie Hopkins Brad Richardson Clint Nathan Ward Ben Tumolo Matt May Alex Vaisvil Christy Soldo Nathan Tillotson Josh Revell Project Funding: Graduate Innovation Assistantship Hattie Mayme Ross Scholarship Larry D. Pharris Memorial Wildlife Fund Scholarship Dr. Morgan Emory Sisk Jr. Memorial Scholarship Watershed Studies Research Institute Grants Jesse D. Jones College of Science, Engineering and Technology Travel Grants

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