World Road Association (UK) 2013 Congress: Global lessons for safer roads - Infrastructure solutions for road safety

World Road Association (UK) 2013 Congress: Global lessons for safer roads - Infrastructure solutions for road safety

Morning Chair: Joe Burns, Chairman of WRA (UK) With thanks to the Congress sponsors:

UK keynote address: Roy Brannen With thanks to the Congress sponsors:

Strategic Theme 3 Safety Roy BRANNEN, First Delegate Transport Scotland Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Almost 60% of road traffic deaths are among 15-44 year olds Spike here among highincome explained by life expectancy higher Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Trends still concerning Road taffic deaths decreased in 88 countries Road traffic deaths increased in 87 countries Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

TOTAL 2004 TOTAL 2030 RANK LEADING CAUSE % 1 Ischaemic heart disease 12.2 2 Cebebrovascular disease 9.7 3 Lower respitorary problems 7.0 4 Diarrhoel diseases 3.6 5 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 5.1 6 HIV/AIDS 3.5 7 Tuberculosis 2.5 8 Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers 2.3 9 Road traffic injuries 2.2 10 Prematurity and low birth rates 2.0 RANK LEADING CAUSE % 1 Ischaemic heart disease 12.2 2 Cebebrovascular disease 9.7 3 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 7.0 4 Lower respitorary problems 5.1 5 Road traffic injuries 3.6 6 Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers 3.5 7 Diabetes millitus 2.5 8 Hypertensive heart disease 2.3 9 Stomach cancer 2.2 10 HIV/AIDS 2.0 Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

2020 Decade of Action 2011- Global Plan 5 Pillars Pillar 1 Road Safety Management Pillar 2 Safer Roads & Mobility Pillar 3 Safer Vehicles Pillar 4 Safer Road Users Pillar 5 Post-crash Response Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Progressive shifts The scale of the road safety crisis has led international agencies and organizations and regional, national and local government to focus on road safety improvements as an urgent global problem and development priority. The long-term Safe System goal and strategy is the new road safety paradigm recommended Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Safe system Shift from crash prevention in general towards prevent deaths and injuries Directly addresses the needs of vulnerable road users and others Encourages safety to be designed into developing road networks rather than being considered an afterthought Aligns with the Millennium Development Goals Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020 Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

World Road Association 2011 Declared support to the UN Decade of Action Encourages members governments to pursue development of comprehensive national road safety strategies designed to reduce injuries and fatalities in a manner consistent with the goals of the UN Decade of Action http://www.piarc.org/ressources/documents/1 1555,ONU-Declaration-E.pdf Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

World Road Association Under Strategic Theme 3 Safety 3.1 National Road Safety Policies and Programmes 3.2 Design and Operation of Safer Road Infrastructure 3.3 Road Tunnels Operations TF1 Road Safety Manual TF2 Security Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

World Road Association Road safety manual Aligns with Decade of Action Recommends a safety system approach to road safety A living resource that can assist countries Relevant to all countries Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Significant global challenge World Road Association has an opportunity to help across its 120 member Governments Significant support to the Decade of Action Road safety manual will assist policy makers, managers and engineers improve road safety Exchange knowledges and techniques on roads and road transportation

Scotland

SCOTLAND S ROAD SAFETY FRAMEWORK GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE: Scottish Ministers Minister for Transport and Veterans Scotland s Road Safety Framework to 2020 96 Commitments 4 national casualty reduction targets One vision Road Safety Strategic Partnership Board Chaired by David Middleton, Chief Executive Transport Scotland Road Safety Partners Around Scotland Road Safety Operational Partnership Group Road Safety Partners Around Scotland

Population 5,254,800 Area GVA 78,772 sq km 105,590 million Trunk Road 3,530 km 6% of total Scottish road network 37% of all traffic 63% of all HGV traffic 1,900 bridges 4,100 other structures Valued at + 18bn Motorways 557 km (16%) A roads Dual 524 km (15%) A roads Single 2449 km (69%) Local Roads 52,238 km Freight lifted by road in 2010-132m tonnes

United Kingdom Great Britain Norway Denmark Sweden Israel Irish Republic Switzerland Netherlands Spain Japan Germany Finland Slovakia France Cyprus Australia Italy Hungary Austria Slovenia Luxembourg Estonia Belgium Czech Republic Portugal New Zealand Bulgaria Latvia Croatia Greece Poland Romania Lithuania United States of Republic of Korea Rate per million population Scotland s Road Safety Performance 120 Road deaths - International Comparison: 2012 (provisional) 100 Scotland 32 deaths per million population 80 60 40 20 0

Headline numbers (2012*) 9,673 accidents and 12,575 casualties 170 people killed, 1,959 serious injuries 42% fall in numbers killed since 2004-2008, 26% fall in casualties. Car occupants account for 60% of casualties, Pedestrians 16%, Pedal cycles 7%, Motor cycles 7%. *Provisional figures for 2012. Final figures published on 23 rd October.

Relative trends in numbers

Relative priorities

Casualty rates

Scotland s Road Safety Performance

Partnership Working

Speed Management Countrywide Speed Limit Review Vehicle Activated Signs 20 mph Outside Schools Managed Motorways Police Liaison within TS Current Speed Enforcement

Scottish Safety Camera Programme - Review Police Scotland established 1 April 2013 Opportunity to review the Safety Camera Programme Two key areas for review: - Structure - Enforcement Strategy

Thank You

Matts Belin With thanks to the Congress sponsors:

PhD. Matts-Åke Belin Swedish Transport Administration Vision Zero Academy matts-ake.belin@trafikverket.se

Number of killed people per 100 000 inhabitants in countries with same population but different economic development 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Low Middle High 38 2013-10-28

Vision Zero and Safe system approaches are on the international policy agenda 39 2013-10-28

The road safety culture ladder Fatalities and serious injuries - a price you have to pay PATHOLOGICAL Campaigns/ reactive interventions REACTIVE Institutions/ Programs/ Legal framework CALCULATIVE/ BUREAUCRATIC Vision Zero/Safety Performance indicators/ continuous improvements PROACTIVE Maintain a safe system GENERATIVE Time Based on: Westrum R (2004) Qual Saf Health Care 2004;13(Suppl II):ii22 ii27. Hudson P (2007) Safety Science 45 697-722 40 2013-10-28

Vision Zero a road safety policy innovation Traditional approach Vision Zero approach Accidents Individual road user behavior Road users have primary responsibility People don t want safety Change individual road user behavior Risk reduction Serious injuries The system is not designed according to human capability and behavior and human tolerance against external violence in other words what the human body can stand. System designers have primary responsibility People demand safety Change the environment (road environment, vehicles, support good social norms) Eliminate fatalities and serious injuries Vision Zero a road safety policy innovation DOI:10.1080/17457300.2011.635213 Matts-Åke Belin, Per Tillgren & Evert Vedung Available online: 14 Dec 2011 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17457300.2011.635213 41 2013-10-28

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43 2013-10-28 Probability of Pedestrian Fatality by Impact Speed

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1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Number of people killed in head on collisions in Sweden 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 45 2013-10-28

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Safety at the Heart of Road Design ERA-net programme 2009-2012 Rural road networks in Europe Five projects RISMET, Road Infrastructure Safety Management Evaluation Tools EuRSI, European Road Safety Inspection ERASER, Evaluations to Realise a common Approach to Self-Explaining European SPACE Speed Adaption Control by Self Explaining Roads IRDES, Improving Roadside Design to Forgive Human Errors Road Safety Management Self Explaining Roads Forgiving roads You will find more information on this website http://www.eranetroad.org/index.php?option=com_content&view =article&id=74&itemid=74 47 2013-10-28

Road Safety Management Road Intervention Road Transport system and its characteristics Safety performance indicators Fatalities and serious injuries Hot spots/stretches 48 2013-10-28

Humans road transport system Perspective on the road users Road(transport) design Phase VI Humans Users, Vehicles, Roads in one system Phase V Humans as social creatures Support systems Phase IV Human tolerance Forgiving roads Phase III Human behavior Self explaining roads Phase II Human capabilities Supporting roads Era-net-road project Safety at the Heart of Road Design Phase I The perfect human Roads 49 2013-10-28

WRA Congress Reducing Risks for Road Workers 23 October 2013 Ian Smith Programme Manager Aiming for Zero

What is Aiming for Zero? is the Agency s strategy for improving health and safety performance, guided by the core vision: Our aim is that as an employer, designer and a leading client, nobody comes to harm as a result of their work for us The AfZ Programme consists of four Workstreams: Road Workers; Construction & Maintenance Workers; Traffic Officers and Control Room Staff; and Office and RCC-Based Staff

Why are we doing this? In the period 2007-2012 9 Fatal Injuries (5 Road Worker, 4 Construction Worker) 137 Major Injuries (25 Road Worker, 112 Construction Worker)

Relative risk levels Category of person Number of workers Average fatalities per year Calculated fatality rate Road worker 2,000 2 1 in 1,000 Road Construction worker 15,000 1 1 in 15,000 Road users travelling on Major roads, GB (31,233 network miles) Major roads, HA (4,436 network miles) Network traffic (vehicle miles in 2010) Fatalities (2010) Estimated road user fatality rate 1,980 x 10 8 1,168 1 in 11,000 839 x 10 8 249 1 in 158,000 Traffic Officer Fatality 25/9/12 (First since service launched 8 years ago) Road Worker Fatality 2/10/12

Accident Frequency Rate 3 day RIDDOR Accident frequency rate of HA supply chain split by MP and NDD works (based on 3 day RIDDOR requirements used prior to April 2012 to show trend) NDD Supply Chain 0.3 HA Supply Chain MP Supply Chain 0.3 NDD supply chain Accident Frequency Rate 0.2 0.2 0.1 HA supply chain MP supplier chain 0.1 0.0 Apr-11 Jun-11 Aug-11 Oct-11 Dec-11 Feb-12 Apr-12 Jun-12 Aug-12 Oct-12 Dec-12 Feb-13 Apr-13 Jun-13 Aug-13 Rolling year (month ending)

Aiming for Zero Road Worker Safety Programme

RWS Project 1A - Omission of 200 & 600 yd Wicket Signs

Standard Chapter 8 Temporary Traffic Management Layout

Simulation and network trials completed Revised layout allowed by IAN 150/11 Published Dec. 2011 Reduction in carriageway crossings = 40% c. 2 Million Carriageway crossings saved (18 months)

Offside Signs Relaxation Project 1S Trials successful IAN 150/12 Published Nov 2012 10% Reduction Carr. Crossings Further trials 1.5m+ saving (M25 scheme)

Alternative Entry Taper (9m spacing) Network trials from 2010

Alternative Entry Taper Std. Chapter 8 Entry Taper 51 cones Alternative Taper allowed by IAN 163/12 31 cones 33% time saving c.5 min saving Reduced Risk Exposure

High Level Signs Trials Stage 1 complete Stage 3 a&b complete Both successful Draft IAN 179/13 in consultation Planned Stage 2 trials (new 4-lane panels)

Impact Protection Vehicle Strikes Research project on causes complete Industry consultation complete Draft guidance being developed Looking at countermeasures : - > Improved beacons > Proximity alerts

Extend use of Variable Signs & Signals to warn of Road Works on Managed Motorways /1

Use of Variable Signs & Signals Advance warning of Road Works on Managed Motorways /2

Omitting Road Danger Lamps First Trial complete Analysis of data Inconclusive safety evidence. Further trials in 2013 to test the half metre rule

Central Reserve signs to replace Wicket signs: Analysis of types of post mounted Central Reserve Signs. (Reliability, effectiveness and application) Potential to replace all plate Temporary Traffic Management Signs Draft Guidance in Consultation

Road Worker Safety Forum Steering Group Working Group Trials Team (virtual Technical Project Board) 6 RoWSaF Newsletters published Web domain implemented: - http://www.rowsaf.org.uk/ Facebook page launched

Ian Smith i.smith@highways.gsi.gov.uk Any Questions?

DR ANDREW MURRAY CHIEF EXECUTIVE TRANSPORT NI NORTHERN IRELAND PERSPECTIVE ON SAFER ROADS

STRATEGIC VISION TO MAKE A JOURNEY ON NORTHERN IRELAND S ROADS AS SAFE FOR ALL ROAD USERS AS ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD

Challenges:- reduce road deaths and serious injuries; focusing on improving safety on rural roads; protect young drivers and motorcyclists; reducing inappropriate and illegal road user behaviours; and improving our knowledge and understanding of, and broadening involvement in, solving road safety problems.

The road safety targets for 2020 are:- To reduce road deaths by 60%. To reduce serious injuries by 45%. To reduce number of children killed or seriously injured by 55%. To reduce number of young people killed or seriously injured by at least 55%.

Young drivers 17-24 Year Old (11% of population, 38% of fatal collisions) The top 6 driver behaviours which caused collisions:- 1. Excessive speed; 2. Alcohol or drugs; 3. Inattention or attention diverted; 4. Wrong course/ position; 5. Emerging from a minor road; and 6. Overtaking on offside without care

Older Drivers (Aged 65+) 14% of fatalities When responsible for collision, main causation factors were:- 1. Heedless of traffic crossing carriageway 2. Emerging from minor road without care 3. Inattention and attention diverted 4. Wrong course/position 5. Turning right without care

Pedestrians (17% of all killed and seriously injured casualties, they were responsible in 69% of the cases) 1. Over 65s (particularly men) ; 2. 0-16 year olds (particularly boys); and 3. Drunk pedestrians aged 17-49 (men)

Motorcyclists (3.1% of licensed vehicles accounted for 14% of fatalities,) 1. Excessive speed (28%) 2. Inattention or attention diverted (11%) 3. Alcohol or drugs (11%) 4. Emerging from minor road without care (7%) 5. Turning right without care (6%) 6. Overtaking on offside without care (6%)

Speeding Road User Behaviours 1. Main causation factor in 18% of collisions. 2. Major issue on rural roads. 3. Timing and seasonal factors analysed. 4. The top three groups are males aged between 17-24 years old, males aged 25-34 and females aged 17-24.

Drink/Drugs Driving represents 19% of fatalities and 10% of serious injuries 1. 93% of drink/drug road deaths caused by male drivers. 2. On all road types where the casualty was responsible: 56% on rural roads, 39% on urban roads and 6% on motorways. 3. Data analysed by time, day of week and season.

Carelessness Main cause responsible for 48% of all KSI collisions. Main behaviours 1. Inattention or attention diverted; 2. Overtaking on off-side without care; 3. Emerging from minor road without care; 4. For pedestrians - Heedless of traffic crossing carriageway, walk/run movement masked, wearing dark clothing and alcohol or drugs

Other Issues 1. Cross Border - public perceptions of road safety, and PSNI difficulties in enforcing road traffic laws. 2. Single Vehicle Collisions - Significant area of concern. Particular issue for young male drivers and three main causation factors are:- Inattention or attention diverted (8%); Alcohol or drugs - driver/rider (23%) and/or Excessive speed having regard to conditions (43%)

KEY HIGHWAY AUTHORITY ASPECTS OF STRATEGY Improvements in edge and junction visibility on rural roads Review of speed limits on Protected rural road network. Wider introduction of 20 mph speed limits and zones in appropriate urban areas Piloting and adoption of innovative products

PROGRESS TO DATE Fatalities reduced from 372 in 1972 to 48 in 2012, a world class safety performance Serious collisions now occurring in random locations as cluster sites have been treated EuroRAP Road Assessment continuous improvement with no high risk roads on network

Panel Session With thanks to the Congress sponsors:

Tea & Coffee With thanks to the Congress sponsors: