CONCISE CURRICULUM Industrialization to the Digital Age Year 3 with Constructed Response Social Studies, Language, and Reading 5th grade

CONCISE CURRICULUM Industrialization to the Digital Age Year 3 with Constructed Response Social Studies, Language, and Reading 5th grade

How Life Changed in America at the Turn of the Century: pgs. 6-36 Vocabulary Wagon Trains Chisholm Trail/Great Western Trail Black Cowboys The Spanish-American War Building of the Panama Canal Immigration Important Fact Review Impact on American Life: pgs. 37-51 Vocabulary George Washington Carver The Wright Brothers Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Edison Extended Response Important Fact Review Timeline World War I: pgs. 52-69 Events that led to the war German Attacks on U.S. ships Impact of the war/treaty of Versailles Important Fact Review Cultural Developments of the 1920s: pgs. 70-96 Louis Armstrong Harlem Renaissance Babe Ruth Henry Ford Charles Lindbergh Extended Response Important Fact Review Timeline

Great Depression and New Deal: pgs. 97-122 Stock Market Crash Herbert Hoover/Soup Kitchens Dust Bowl Roosevelt/New Deal/CCC/WPA/TVA Fact Review Cultural Developments of the 1930s: pgs. 123-135 Duke Ellington Margaret Mitchell Jesse Owens Extended Response World War II: pgs. 136-174 German Aggression in Europe/Hitler Pearl Harbor/Roosevelt Battle of Iwo Jima/Midway D-Day/VE Day Holocaust/Hitler VJ Day/Atomic Bomb/Truman Rosie the Riveter/Rationing Tuskegee Airmen Eleanor Roosevelt Important Fact Review Important People WWII: pgs. 175-189 Joseph Stalin Hirohito Winston Churchill Benito Mussolini

Cold War: pgs. 190-217 Iron Curtain Berlin Airlifts Korean War NATO Joseph McCarthy Nikita Khrushchev Cuban Missile Crisis Vietnam War/Mao Tse-tung Developments between 1950-1975: pgs. 218-257 Jim Crow Laws Brown V. Board/Thurgood Marshall Rosa Parks/Bus Boycott MLK/Civil Rights/Voting Act Cesar Chavez Thurgood Marshall JFK/LBJ RFK MLK Extended Response Significance of Technology Developments between 1975-2001: pgs. 258-273 Peace in the Middle East Collapse of the Soviet Union Persian Gulf War on Terrorism Impact of the Computer Internet Geography: pgs. 274-281 Government: pgs. 282-291 Economics: pgs. 292-305

This is a simple guideline to use for writing constructed responses. ICE Introduction: Introduce the topic by restating the question or writing an introductory statement. Cite Evidence from the text: Answer the question by citing or finding evidence (facts) in the text. Make sure the facts answer the question. Explain your answer/write an ending statement: Explain or give your thoughts on the evidence for your answer. Write an ending statement by restating the introduction.

How Life Changed in America at the Turn of the Century *Use a dictionary to write the meaning of each vocabulary word. Lesson 1: Cattle Trails expansion: emigrants: protection: converged: declined: Lesson 2: Chisholm Trail/Great Western Trail expanded: drive: obstacles: diminish: Lesson 3: The Black Cowboys of Texas significant: demand: discrimination: occupations: skill:

Lesson 4: The Spanish-American War independence: blamed: destroyed: fleet: siege: Lesson 5: The Panama Canal elected: guidance: isthmus: revolt: revolution: Lesson 6: Immigration immigrants: wages: tenements:

CONTEXT CLUES: (ELAGSE5L4a) Settlers traveled the Oregon Trail in wagon trains. These were groups of covered wagons that banded together for companionship and protection. Companionship means: A) trails B) travel C) company Other parts of the country saw expansion as pioneers moved into what is now present-day Oregon. They took a trail that started in Independence, Missouri and continued more than 2,000 miles toward the Northwest. This was called the Oregon Trail. Many emigrants used the trail to find land and opportunities in the West. Settlers traveled the Oregon Trail in wagon trains. These were groups of covered wagons that banded together for companionship and protection. Many trains spread out over a large area and converged together for river and mountain crossings. Forts and fur trading posts could be found along the way. Travelers could stock up on supplies when they reached a trading post. Traveling was long and difficult for the early settlers. Most trains traveled about fifteen miles a day. It took an average wagon train six months to complete the journey. Groups who had successful journeys usually were very organized. They would gather together in the morning for breakfast over a campfire. The wagons wouldn t stop driving until it was time for lunch. After lunch the group would travel again until dusk. At dusk, the travelers would circle the wagons for nighttime. The only time of rest was on Sunday. Most groups would appoint a leader or officer. They also had written codes or laws of behavior. Traveling on the Oregon Trail declined when the railroad expanded to the West. The trails were eventually abandoned in the 1870s. 1. Where did the Oregon Trail start? 2. Describe the wagon trains. 3. When were the wagon trails abandoned?

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE: Write a fictional narrative about a typical day traveling on a wagon train. Use details found in the text to include in your narrative.

READING AND INFORMATION PROCESSING SKILLS INFERENCE: Use clues from the text to support your answer. Why do you think the people on the wagon trains would usually elect a leader or officer? FACT AND OPINION: A fact is something you know that is true. An opinion is what someone thinks or feels. Write FACT or OPINION next to each statement. 1. Wagon trains could only travel about 15 miles a day. 2. Riding in a wagon train would be a horrible experience. 3. The wagon trains rested on Sunday. CAUSE AND EFFECT: The cause happens first and makes the effect happen. Read the sentence below and find the cause and effect. (5RI5) It took an average of six months for the trains to reach their destinations because they wagons could only travel about 15 miles a day. Circle the CAUSE and underline the EFFECT. Why did it take the wagon trains so long to reach their destination?

LANGUAGE AND VOCABULARY SKILLS VOCABULARY REVIEW: (ELAGSE5L4) Circle the word that DOES NOT have the same meaning as converge. A. unite B. meet C. travel D. join What does CONVERGE mean? SENTENCE FRAGMENTS: Sentence Fragments do not express a complete thought. A complete sentence has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. (ELAGSE5L1) Change all fragments below into complete sentences. 1. banded together for companionship and protection 2. continued more than 2,000 miles toward the Northwest 3. an average of six months 4. usually elect a leader

CONTEXT CLUES: (ELAGSE5L4a) Ranchers in Texas desperately wanted to make more money and get their cattle to market in the North. Desperately means: A) excitedly B) happily C) anxiously Texas ranchers started moving cattle north into Kansas. One of the most famous cattle trails during this time was called the Chisholm Trail. Jesse Chisholm was a trader who had built several trading posts in western Oklahoma before the Civil War. This trail went from southern Texas to Abilene, Kansas. Once the cattle arrived in Abilene, they were placed in pens. The cattle were held in the pens until the train arrived to take them further north. As the railroad expanded, other cities also built cattle pens. These cities were called cow towns. Cattle ranchers started using the trail to move cattle to market after Chisholm marked the trail for his trading purposes. This was called a cattle drive. Cattle were driven by the ranchers on the trail to be sold at the cattle market. Cattle in Texas at that time were sold for around 4 dollars a head. In the north, cattle could be sold for up to ten times that amount. Ranchers in Texas desperately wanted to make more money and get their cattle to the markets in the North. There were many obstacles to overcome in order to get the cattle to market. The trip was long and difficult. The weather could sometimes be difficult with snowstorms and blizzards in the winter months. Sometimes Indians would attack the cowboys who were driving the cattle to market. Rustlers would also try and steal cattle away from their owners. Between 1867 and 1872 over 3 million head of cattle were driven up the Chisholm Trail in Texas to Abilene, Kansas. By the 1870s the trails started to diminish. Ranchers were starting to use railroads that were built in the 1870s and 1880s. The Western Trail began in the mid-1800s. It ran to the west and parallel to the more well-known Chisholm Trail. The Western Trail was a principal route for cattle from Texas to move to northern markets. During it s time the Western Trail saw over seven million horses and cattle travel from Texas to railheads (farthest point to which rails of a railroad have been laid) in Kansas and Nebraska. This gave way to the expansion of the cattle business in Montana and Wyoming.

1. Who was Jesse Chisholm? 2. Why did Jesse Chisholm start a trail? 3. What was the MAIN reason ranchers wanted to move their cattle to the northern markets? CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE: List and describe the obstacles and challenges the ranchers faced while trying to get their cattle to market. What do you think was their biggest challenge? Give your opinion.

READING AND INFORMATION PROCESSING SKILLS INFERENCE: Read the statement from the text below: Rustlers would also try and steal cattle away from their owners. What do you think a rustler is? CAUSE AND EFFECT: The cause is what happens first and the effect is what follows the cause. (ELAGSE5RI5) Read each statement and find the cause and effect. Ranchers wanted to take their cattle to market in the North because they were able to sell them for a much higher price. CAUSE: EFFECT: By the 1870s the trails started to diminish since ranchers were starting to use railroads. CAUSE: EFFECT:

LANGUAGE AND VOCABULARY SKILLS MULTIPLE MEANING WORDS: (ELAGSE5L4) Some words have more than one meaning. drive: definition 1: energy definition 2: to operate a car definition 3: to move cattle from one place to another Choose the correct definition that matches the way the word is used in each sentence below. 1. Marnie will drive herself to school when she is sixteen. 2. My teacher has a lot of drive, pep, and enthusiasm. 3. A cattle drive was the best way to move cattle to market. 4. Can you drive a car yet? SENTENCE FRAGMENTS: (ELAGSE5L1) Sentence Fragments do not express a complete thought. A complete sentence has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. Change all fragments below into complete sentences. 1. Jesse Chisholm started 2. started in Texas 3. ranchers could get more money

CONTEXT CLUES: (ELAGSE5L4a) Slaves who knew how to herd cattle were preferred by the Texas ranchers. Preferred means: A) discarded B) not liked C) liked better Since the 1500s, African Americans, or Black Americans, have been a part of what is now Texas. They arrived there as slaves. When the Civil War began in America, many Texas ranchers went off to fight the war. Slaves were left in their place to run the cattle ranches. Because of this, the slaves learned the ranching business. Some slaves came from African countries where they herded cattle. These slaves were preferred by the Texas ranchers. By the end of the Civil War, there was a significant African population in Texas. After the Emancipation Proclamation, the slaves were now free. Because of the Jim Crow laws in many of the southern states, many former slaves chose to move west to Texas. Ranchers had plenty of beef to sell after the Civil War. They had no place to sell it so they had to drive it to market. The Great Western Cattle Trail was used to drive cattle to markets in the East. The trail started in Bandera, Texas and ended in Dodge City, Kansas. Between 1866 and 1885, an estimated five million cattle were driven north and east from Texas. As the demand for beef grew, so did the demand for ranch hands. Some former slaves found work as ranch hands, and many found themselves driving cattle to market. Men who drove cattle were called cowboys. Between 5,000 and 8,000 black cowboys rode the trails in the late 1800s. This was about one-fourth of all of the cowboys during that time. The black cowboys probably suffered less discrimination than in other occupations, or jobs, at that time. For a cowboy, skill was more important than skin color. 1. Why were slaves left in charge of the Texas ranches? 2. Why did many of the former slaves choose to move to Texas?

LANGUAGE, READING AND VOCABULARY SKILLS PARTS OF SPEECH: (ELAGSE5L1) Underline the nouns in each sentence. Circle the prepositions. Draw a box around the conjunctions. Draw a line between the complete subject and the complete predicate. 1. Africans arrived in Texas as slaves. (3 nouns) *What did the Africans do? (verb) 2. Ranchers sold beef after the Civil War. (3 nouns) *What did the ranchers do? (verb) USAGE AND MECHANICS: (ELAGSE5L2) Choose the sentence that has an error in capitalization, punctuation, spelling, or usage. 1. Many Texas ranchers went off too fight the war. 2. The Great Western Cattle Trail was used to drive cattle to market. 3. Some former slaves found work as ranch hands. CAUSE AND EFFECT: (ELAGSE5RI5) The cause is why something happened and the effect is what happened as a result. Read the statement below and find the cause and effect. Slaves were left to run the cattle ranches because many ranchers left to fight the war. CAUSE: EFFECT:

CONTEXT CLUES: (ELAGSE5L4a) People in the U.S. heard about Spain s harsh rule of Cuba. People in Cuba were mistreated and hurt under Spain. Harsh means: A) helpful B) nice C) severe In the late 1800s, Spain had two colonies in the West. These two colonies were the islands of Cuba and Puerto Rico. Cubans wanted their independence from Spain. Americans heard stories about Spain s harsh rule of the island of Cuba. Many Americans supported the Cubans right to be free from Spain. The United States government decided to help the Cubans. President William McKinley sent a battleship to Cuba in case of trouble. The battleship, U.S.S. Maine, exploded in the harbor of Havana, Cuba. More than 200 American sailors were killed. America blamed Spain for the explosion. The United States declared war on Spain on April 25, 1898. This war was called the Spanish-American War. Most of the war was not fought in Cuba but the Philippine Islands. The U.S. Navy was sent to the Philippines, and they destroyed the fleet of Spanish ships. Theodore Roosevelt quit his job as the Assistant Secretary of the Navy to join the fight against the Spanish. Roosevelt formed a fighting company called the Rough Riders. His group fought in the Battle of San Juan Hill and the siege of Santiago. These two battles helped to end the war. On July 17, 1898, Spanish leaders agreed to stop the war. 1. Why did Cubans want to be free from Spain? 2. The word siege in the passage means: A) forgotten B) takeover C) agreed

3. Why did the United States declare war on Spain? 4. How did Roosevelt help the U.S. to win the war against Spain? SUMMARY: A summary is a condensed concise version of the text. Write a summary of the text and be sure to include these key words: Spanish-American war, Cuba, Roosevelt, Battle of San Juan Hill, Spain, rough riders, U.S.S. Maine, fleet, destroyed, U.S. Navy

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE OUTLINE: What events started the Spanish- American War? Do you think the U.S. was justified in helping Cuba against Spain? Cite evidence from the text to support your answer. Introduction: Restate the question to introduce the topic. Cite Evidence from the text: Look for events that started the Spanish-American War. Opinion: Do you think the U.S. was justified in helping the Cuban people? Explain your answer and write an ending statement.

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE: What events started the Spanish-American War? Do you think the U.S. was justified in helping Cuba against Spain? Cite evidence from the text to support your answer. Use your outline from the previous page to write your response.

READING AND INFORMATION PROCESSING SKILLS CAUSE AND EFFECT: (ELAGSE5RI5) The cause is what happened first to make the effect happen. Read the statements below and find the cause and effect. The Spanish-American war ended because of the Battle of San Juan Hill and the siege of Santiago. CAUSE: EFFECT: Because of the harsh stories about Spain s treatment of Cuba, the U.S. decided to declare war on Spain. CAUSE: EFFECT: FACT AND OPINION: A fact is something that is true. An opinion is what someone thinks. Write two FACTS from the text. Give one OPINION about the text.

LANGUAGE AND VOCABULARY SKILLS PARTS OF SPEECH: (ELAGSE5L1) Underline the nouns in each sentence. Circle the prepositions. Draw a box around the conjunctions. Draw a line between the complete subject and the complete predicate. 1. People in the United States heard horrible stories about the harsh rule of Cuba. (5 nouns) *What did people in the United States do? (verb) 2. The United States Navy destroyed the large Spanish fleet. (2 nouns) *What did the United States Navy do? (verb) RUN-ONS: Rewrite the run-on sentence into two complete sentences. 1. The United States government decided to help the Cubans President William McKinley sent a battleship to Cuba in case of trouble. 2. Theodore Roosevelt quit his job as the Assistant Secretary of the Navy to join the fight against the Spanish Roosevelt formed a fighting company called the Rough Riders.