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Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: What about the CG Symmetrical vs. Asymmetrical Balanced and Unbalanced Lifting Lug Hooks Angle Deformation Safety Gates
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Shackles angle and tightening Master Link When do you need a Tag Line How high to hoist a load Twisted Rope - advantage disadvantage Plaited Rope Braided Rope - advantage disadvantage Single, Double
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: When Need: Signal Person Engineer Signals Slings / Sling Forces Bridle Basket Choker Vertical
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Spreader Bars Fiber Rope Fiber, Yarn, Strand, Rope What causes Loss of Strength % of loss = 95% / 65% / 50% Whipping vs. Seizing Special Handling Knot vs. Hitch
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: SWLL, WLL, SLL, Working Load, Operating Tension, Normal Working Load Breaking Strength, Tensile Strength, Ultimate Strength Safety Factor 5 Personnel SF of 10
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Chain More flexible More durable More impact resistant 3-5x Wire Rope Measure Wear at ends Deformation What Grade for overhead hoisting?
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Crane Types JIB Tower Gantry Mobile vs Stationary Overhead All Types of Sling Damage Storage and Care of equipment
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Fiber Slings Tagged Yarn Color & Warning Indicator Round Slings Color Identifier Does not require a date on the tag Parts of a sling: Body, length, splice, and Loop Eyes
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Wire Rope Check Diameter at High points Watch for Damage Rust Kinks Bird caging Broken strands Inspect and tag & take out of service if any equipment is damaged.
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Block and Tackle Types of Blocks crane, snatch, gin, crane What is Reeving Lead Line (Fall Line) Parts of Line (Load Lines) Parts and Sheaves Weight Distribution Pulley Friction / Bend Ratio Angle of Lead Line to Load Lines changes the SWLL
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Review: Hoist Mechanisms Takes the place of YOU pulling on the Lean line. Lifting Plans and Pre-Lift meetings. How know weight of load? Lifting Charts Heating metals can take out the original temper or heat treatment. Do not heat or weld on rigging equipment.
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Equipment Inspections Initial Periodic Frequent
Fiber Rope Rope Characteristics Guidelines for Maintaining Rope Store rope properly Dry rope properly after wetting Be careful with rotation resistand ropes Keep ropes clean Do not use frozen ropes Protect rope from chemicals Avoid kinks Do not overload ropes Do not use in wire rope blocks Avoid sharp angles or bends Reverse rope ends periodically Do no treat your rope Reeve ropes correctly Splice correctly Avoid sudden jerks or strains Avoid mud, sand, and grit 14
Slings and Chains Synthetic Web Slings Follow the capacities specified by your manufacturer. Sling capacities vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, and from this table. *Remember within 5 of Vertical 15
Slings and Chains Inspecting Chains Grad 8/80 or 10/100 A good inspection plan follows these principles: Under no circumstances is a chain to be used for hoisting purposes unless it has been closely examined for defects or wear. Inspect chains used regularly on a link-by-link basis at least once a month by a competent inspector. Deformation is a sign of excessive loading and possible failure 16
Rigging Hardware Inspecting Hooks Inspect hooks for: Wear, cracks, or severe corrosion Gates present and functional No Welding on hooks Any bending or twisting Throat openings of more than 5% or showing 10% wear If any of these conditions exist, destroy the hook. 17
Hook Loading 18
Working Load Limits Rigging Hardware The safe area for hook loading is shown below. 19
Rigging Hardware Attaching a Hook to a Pole When attaching a hook to a pole or other object, have the back of the hook toward the pole. 20
Synthetic Sling Shackles Shackle Types 21
Rigging Hardware Shackle Safety When Lifting With Shackles: Place the shackle pin in the hook, centered on the pin. Run the load line through the shank of the shackle, not the pin. Arrange the lift so the shackle is not pulled at an angle. Remember Pin in the Eye, Let it Fly 22
Rigging Hardware Shackle Safety When Lifting with Shackles: The safe area for shackle loading 23
Rigging Hardware Remember load weight and balance tips to the heavy end Symmetrical vs Asymmetrical Rigging Where do you find the weight Manufacturer Docs - Name Plate Shipping paperwork - Experience Estimation 24
Shackle Safety Rigging Hardware Unsafe screw pin shackle use. 25
Rigging Hardware Shackle Safety Unsafe screw pin shackle use. A shackle is a better choice below. 26
Rigging Hardware Eye Bolts Preferred Shoulder Type Eye Bolt Eye bolts may be attached directly to the load or to a bar lifting the load. Eye bolts can then be used with shackles or hooks to lift the load. Eye bolts and shackles have a better bearing surface and place less strain on the cable or sling. Apply loading in the plane of the eye so the bolts do not bend sideways. Eye bolts are measured by thread size. 27
Rigging Hardware Eye Bolts Correct and incorrect use of eye bolts. 28
Rigging Hardware Eye Bolts Right and wrong orientation of eye bolts. 29
Rigging Hardware Eye Bolts Right and wrong use of shoulder type eye bolts 30
Rigging Hardware Eye Bolts Right and wrong method to avoid excess strain on slings. 31
The standing block is under a greater force than just the load weight. The number of parts and the angle of lead-line affect the total block loading.
Blocks Shackles are recommended as standing block fittings because they are stronger than hooks. Lead line should come from the center of the block. When the two blocks have an equal number of sheaves, the becket should be on the upper (standing) block. When the two blocks have unequal numbers of sheaves, the becket should be on the block having the least number of sheaves. 33
Blocks Maintenance and Care of Blocks Before use, blocks should be thoroughly inspected for: Wear in the pins or axles, rope grooves, side plates, and fittings. Misalignment or wobble in the sheaves. Loose bolts, nuts, or other locking hardware. 34
Chapter 1 Hoisting Safety Anything to add