Parasitic Copepods (Salmincola sp.) and Fish Species Composition in Upper Willamette Reservoirs

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Parasitic Copepods (Salmincola sp.) and Fish Species Composition in Upper Willamette Reservoirs Jeremy D. Romer* Ryan Emig* Fred R. Monzyk Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Corvallis Research Lab jeremy.romer2@oregonstate.edu

1. Present Observations of Gill Parasites (Salmincola sp.) in Cougar and Detroit Reservoirs. 2. Compare Fish Community Among Upper Willamette Reservoirs. Numbers of Native and Introduced Species Relative abundance Possible effects on juvenile spring Chinook Management implications

1. Gill Parasites Screw Trapping Below Cougar Reservoir. 2. Fish Community in Upper Willamette Reservoirs Oneida Traps Gill Nets Boat E-fishing

Juvenile Spring Chinook Captured Below Cougar Dam

Fork Length (mm) Juvenile Spring Chinook Captured Below Cougar Dam Nov 76% Dec 91% 200 180 160 140 120 NO Copepods Copepods PRESENT Aug 9% Sep 31% Oct 74% 100 80 Jul 21% 60 40 26-Jun 16-Jul 5-Aug 25-Aug 14-Sep 4-Oct 24-Oct 13-Nov 3-Dec 23-Dec Date

Map with snorkeling sites marked above the Res

Percent Infected Juvenile Spring Chinook Upstream vs. Downstream of Cougar Res. 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 SF McKenzie River N= 87 Below Dam N= 87 N= 689 N= 16 N= 14 N= 32 N=60 N= 417 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

Juvenile Spring Chinook Captured Below Detroit Dam Nov 70% Dec 53% 220 200 180 160 No Copepods Copepods Present 140 120 100 80 60 40 26-Jun 16-Jul 5-Aug 25-Aug 14-Sep 4-Oct 24-Oct 13-Nov 3-Dec 23-Dec Date

Map with snorkeling sites marked above the Res

Percent Infected S. californiensis from masu salmon (photo S.Urawa) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Breitenbush River North Santiam River Below Dam N= 71 S. Edwardsii (Olsson 1969) N= 32 20 10 0 N= 112 N= 9 Sep Oct Nov Dec

2. Compare Fish Community Among Upper Willamette Reservoirs. Numbers of Native and Introduced Species Relative abundance Possible effects on juvenile spring Chinook Management implications

Species Composition in Upper Willamette Valley Reservoirs Number captured Size (mm) Species Detroit Cougar Lookout Point Min. - Max Native Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 1880 132 198 36-440 Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) 1 73 39 67-394 Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) 0 12 0 215-537 Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) 13 158 1 33-330 Northern Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) 0 0 577 33-590 Sucker (Catostomus spp.) 0 0 527 60-565 Dace (Rhinichthys spp.) 14079 28707 62 31-95 Redside Shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) 0 0 357 52-113 Sculpin (Cottus spp.) 5 4 53 46-223 Exotic Kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) 400 0 0 42-165 Bass (Micropterus spp.) 0 8 160 30-475 Walleye (Sander vitreus) 0 0 26 187-755 White Crappie (Pomoxis annularis) 0 0 271 47-380 Black Crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) 0 0 6 75-290 Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) 127 0 11 53-170 Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) 5297 0 3 64-135 Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) 254 0 89 25-395 Yellow Bullhead (Ameiurus natalis) 0 0 9 120-260

Detroit Reservoir Detroit Dam Tailrace 178 mm, 7 in. 457 mm, 18 in. Photo: Greg Gilham

Species Composition in Upper Willamette Valley Reservoirs Number captured Size (mm) Species Detroit Cougar Lookout Point Min. - Max Native Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 1880 132 198 36-440 Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) 1 73 39 67-394 Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) 0 12 0 215-537 Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) 13 158 1 33-330 Northern Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) 0 0 577 33-590 Sucker (Catostomus spp.) 0 0 527 60-565 Dace (Rhinichthys spp.) 14079 28707 62 31-95 Redside Shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) 0 0 357 52-113 Sculpin (Cottus spp.) 5 4 53 46-223 Exotic Kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) 400 0 0 42-165 Bass (Micropterus spp.) 0 8 160 30-475 Walleye (Sander vitreus) 0 0 26 187-755 White Crappie (Pomoxis annularis) 0 0 271 47-380 Black Crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) 0 0 6 75-290 Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) 127 0 11 53-170 Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) 5297 0 3 64-135 Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) 254 0 89 25-395 Yellow Bullhead (Ameiurus natalis) 0 0 9 120-260

Cougar Reservoir

Species Composition in Upper Willamette Valley Reservoirs Number captured Size (mm) Species Detroit Cougar Lookout Point Min. - Max Native Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 1880 132 198 36-440 Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) 1 73 39 67-394 Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) 0 12 0 215-537 Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) 13 158 1 33-330 Northern Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) 0 0 577 33-590 Sucker (Catostomus spp.) 0 0 527 60-565 Dace (Rhinichthys spp.) 14079 28707 62 31-95 Redside Shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) 0 0 357 52-113 Sculpin (Cottus spp.) 5 4 53 46-223 Exotic Kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) 400 0 0 42-165 Bass (Micropterus spp.) 0 8 160 30-475 Walleye (Sander vitreus) 0 0 26 187-755 White Crappie (Pomoxis annularis) 0 0 271 47-380 Black Crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) 0 0 6 75-290 Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) 127 0 11 53-170 Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) 5297 0 3 64-135 Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) 254 0 89 25-395 Yellow Bullhead (Ameiurus natalis) 0 0 9 120-260

Lookout Point Reservoir 470 mm, 18.5 in. 755 mm, 29.7 in. USGS 2004

Copepods Salmincola prevalence appears to increase with the duration of time spent in reservoirs. Copepod infection seems rare in stream-rearing juveniles. Need information on how copepods affect saltwater transition (physiology, parasitology). Need standardized protocol to record intensity of infection. Are fish infected in the reservoir? Do Salmincola negatively affect survival? Species Composition Large abundance of piscivorous predators in Lookout Point Reservoir. Currently processing diet samples collected in Spring and Fall 2011. Drawdown in Lookout Point could decrease abundance of predatory fish. Downstream effects? Detroit Reservoir - Hatchery Rainbow Trout prey on juvenile Chinook stream, reservoir, below the dam

Doug Garletts Chad Helms Greg Taylor Rich Piaskowski Randy Wildman Jeff Ziller The Reservoir Dogs Khoury Hickman David Duckett Chris Abbes Dave Metz Kris Clemons Shelly Goff Greg Gilham Mario Minder

25

Number of Dace Captured Degrees Celsius ( C ) 25000 20000 15000 Cougar Detroit Lookout Cougar Detroit Lookout 25 20 15 10000 10 5000 5 0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Month 0