Basic Keelboat Sailing Capt. Rob Chichester S/V Bay Poet Rob.Chichester@ChesapeakeFlotillas.com 908.672.3609 Jan 2011 1
Typical ASA 101 Day 1 Classroom 0830-1000 Basics Dockside 1030-1230 Parts of the boat and rigging Basic Knots Underway 1300-1600 Tacking and Gybing Jan 2011 2
Typical ASA 101 Day 2 Meet at the boat 0845 Students take the boat Practice previous skills Introduce Heaving-to, Reefing, and MOB Anchor for lunch Sail off Exam 1330-1500 Jan 2011 3
Basic Keelboat Our Plan Land Class Parts of the boat Sailing Sail Trim Points of Sail Tacking and Gybing Rules of the Road Aids to Navigations Basic Knots Summary On the Water Safety Rules Quick Refresher Hands-on Practice Sail Trim Points of Sail Tacking and Gybing Rules of the Road Navigation and Pilotage Man-Overboard Summary Jan 2011 4
Parts of the boat Jan 2011 5
Parts of a sail Jan 2011 6
How does a sail work? Bernoulli effect Jan 2011 7
How does a sail work? Note how the shape of wing and the shape of a sail are similar. That is NOT accidental or coincidental! Jan 2011 8
Points of Sail Beware of sailing by the lee which often leads to accidental jibes! Jan 2011 9
Sail Trim Venturi Effect In the slot between the sails Balance Jan 2011 10
Discussion Questions Can you name other parts of a sailboat that are subject to similar hydrodynamic effects experienced by the sails? How do these parts affect the behavior of the sailboat? Jan 2011 11
Using Telltales Too close Perfect to the Too wind Trim! far off the wind Jan 2011 12
Tacking and Jibing (aka Gybing) Changing which side of the boat is presented to the wind. Tacking is passing the bow through the wind. Jibing is passing the stern through the wind. Jan 2011 13
Tacking Jan 2011 14
Jibing or Gybing Jan 2011 15
Why do we have to Tack or Gybe? Sailboats cannot sail directly into the wind Often we want to go in a direction generally towards the wind. Or we need to change heading to avoid some obstruction. Jan 2011 16
Why do we have to Tack or Gybe? You can t get there from here! Jan 2011 17
Discussion Questions Describe the differences between tacking and jibing. What makes jibing more difficult? Jan 2011 18
A short break? Jan 2011 19
Rules of the Road Also referred to as Navigation Rules Used to avoid collisions! Definitions to know Stand-on Vessel Maintain course and speed Give-way Vessel Keep Clear Jan 2011 20
Overtaking You are overtaking if you are approaching another vessel from astern. (22.5 abaft the beam) Vessel A: Give-way vessel. Must keep clear of Vessel B. Vessel B: Stand-on vessel. Must maintain course and speed. Jan 2011 21
Sail over Power Rule 18: A power vessel underway shall keep out of the way of a sailboat (etc). B A Vessel A: Give-way vessel. Must keep clear of Vessel B. Vessel B: Stand-on vessel. Must maintain course and speed. Rule 18 specifies a hierarchy of Stand-on and Give-way vessels. Jan 2011 22
New Reels Catch Fish So Purchase Some Not Under Command Restricted in Ability to Maneuver Constrained by Draft (International Only) Fishing Sail Power Seaplanes Rule 18 specifies a hierarchy of Stand-on and Give-way vessels. Jan 2011 23
Starboard over Port A sailing vessel on Port Tack shall keep out of the way of sailing vessel on Starboard Tack. Jan 2011 24
Leeward over Windward If two sailing vessels are sailing on the same tack, the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel to leeward. Jan 2011 25
Oh S#&t!!! Rule 2: If all else fails, do WHATEVER is necessary to avoid a collision, regardless of any other rules. Jan 2011 26
Discussion Questions If a sailboat is overtaking a power vessel, which vessel is the give-way vessel? Why? Is an 18-foot runabout with fishing rods deployed considered a fishing vessel? Jan 2011 27
Aids to Navigation Lateral Marks Red/Green Buoys Red/Green Daymarks Red/Green Daybeacons Safewater, Midchannel, or Fairway buoys Informational Buoys Privately maintained Aids Jan 2011 28
Aids to Navigation Green buoys Red Buoys Jan 2011 29
Aids to Navigation Green Daymarks Red Daymarks Jan 2011 30
Aids to Navigation Green Daybeacon Red Daybeacon Jan 2011 31
Aids to Navigation Bifurcation Left hand Bifurcation Right hand Jan 2011 32
Aids to Navigation Safewater Mark Marks the end or middle of a channel implying that open, deep and safe water lies ahead. May also be referred to as a Sea Buoy, Midchannel Buoy, or Fairway Buoy. If lighted, white light only Blinks Morse A (1 short, 1 long) Labeled with 2-letter designation Jan 2011 33
Aids to Navigation Informational Buoy Used to indicate Swim Areas Speed limits No Wake zone Fishing Beds Fishing Rules Other Hazards Jan 2011 34
Discussion Questions Would a safewater mark ever be a daymark or a daybeacon? Why or Why not? Do red and green ATONs always occur in pairs? Does knowing an ATON is lighted have any significance during the day? Jan 2011 35
Additional Resources Navigation Rules Chart No. 1 Chart Catalog US Coast Pilot Chapman s Book of Seamanship* Jan 2011 36
Basic Knots Bowline Cleat Hitch Square knot or Reef knot Stopper knots Figure Eight Overhand Clove Hitch Round turn and Two Half-hitches Jan 2011 37
Bowline Jan 2011 38
Cleat Hitch Jan 2011 39
Square Knot Jan 2011 40
Figure-Eight Jan 2011 41
Clove Hitch Jan 2011 42
Round turn & 2 Half-hitches Jan 2011 43
Know your knots! Practice! Practice! Practice! www.animatedknots.com 3/8 to ½ line Jan 2011 44
Questions??? Jan 2011 45