HORSE INDUSTRY HANDBOOK A GUIDE TO EQUINE CARE AND MANAGEMENT A project of the American Youth Horse Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the publisher. www.ayhc.com info@ayhc.com
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The American Youth Horse Council expresses its deep appreciation to those in the horse industry who believed in the concept of the Horse Industry Handbook and continued to support it throughout its production. AYHC wants to thank the scientists, veterinarians and horse industry professionals who authored and reviewed the Handbook in an unselfish and expeditious manner. Special recognition is extended to the American Association of Equine Practitioners, Gary Carpenter, Linda Caddel and staff for initial and continued broad base support. AYHC recognizes the American Saddlebred Horse Association for its continued staff support and cooperation. Sincere thanks are expressed to Norm Luba for spearheading the effort of a monumental task and Dymar Agency for the Handbook logo, design and production. Acknowledgement and thanks are extended to the following persons and organizations for their key support of the first edition of the Horse Industry Handbook: SECTION CHIEFS J. Tim Potter, PhD, The University of Connecticut Craig H. Wood, PhD, University of Kentucky Robert A. Mowrey, PhD, North Carolina State University, Karyn Malinowski, PhD, Rutgers University, David W. Freeman, PhD, Oklahoma State University Clinton G. DePew, PhD, Louisiana State University Thomas R. Lenz, DVM, MS, Shawnee Mission, Kansas Ray J. Antoniewicz, MS, University of Wisconsin-Madison Doug Butler, PhD, CJF, FWCF, Colorado State University Pete G. Gibbs, PhD, Texas A&M University System Nat T. Messer, DVM, University of Missouri Kent Hollingsworth, Esq., University of Louisville Mark A. Russell, PhD, Purdue University AHC State Horse Councils International American Association of Equine Practitioners American Hanoverian Society American Horse Council American Miniature Horse Association American Morgan Horse Association American Paint Horse Association Peruvian American Quarter Horse Association American Saddlebred Horse Association Appaloosa Horse Club Arabian Horse Association Department of Agriculture Extension Service ORGANIZATIONS Equine Nutrition & Physiology Society Harness Horse Youth Foundation International Buckskin Horse Association North American Riding for the Handicapped Association Palomino Horse Breeders of America Paso Fino Horse Association Paso Horse Registry of North America Performance Horse Registry Southern Regional 4-H Horse Specialists Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders & Exhibitors Association U.S. U.S. Dressage Federation United States Pony Clubs DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY: The authors and publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this book. While the book is as accurate as authors can make it, there may be errors, omissions and inaccuracies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction to Horse Ownership HIH110 Should I Buy a Horse? HIH120 Cost and Responsibilities of Ownership HIH130 Working with Horse Industry Professionals HIH140 Horse Colors and Markings The breed, discipline, and organizations information listed below has been provided by discipline or breed associations or industry groups. HIH151B American Warmblood (2004 update) HIH152B Appaloosa (2004 update) HIH153B Arabian (2004 update) HIH154B Buckskin & Dun Colored Horses (2004 update) HIH155B Cream Draft Horse (2004 update) HIH156B Donkey and Mule (2004 update) HIH157B Exmoor Pony (2004 addition) HIH158B Hackney (2004 update) HIH159B Lipizzan (2004 update) HIH160B Miniature Horse (2004 update) HIH161B Missouri Fox Trotter (2004 update) HIH162B Morgan (2004 update) HIH163B Paint Horse (2004 update) HIH164B Palomino Horse (2004 update) HIH165B Paso Fino (2004 update) HIH166B Peruvian Paso (2004 update) HIH167B Pony of the Americas (2004 update) HIH168B Quarter Horse (2004 update) HIH169B Saddlebred (2004 update) HIH170B Spanish Mustang (2004 update) HIH171B Standardbred (2004 update) HIH172B Tennessee Walking Horse (2004 update) HIH173B Thoroughbred (2004 update) HIH174B Trakehner (2004 update) 1
HIH175B HIH180D HIH181D HIH182D HIH183D HIH184D HIH185D HIH186D HIH190O HIH191O HIH192O HIH193O HIH194O HIH195O HIH196O HIH197O HIH198O HIH199O Welsh Pony And Cob (2004 update) Cutting (2004 update) Dressage (2004 update) Polo (2004 update) Reining (2004 update) Sidesaddle (2004 update) Vaulting (2004 update) Youth/High School Rodeo (2004 update) 4-H (2004 update) American Horse Council (2004 update) American Medical Equestrian Association/Safe Riders Foundation (2004 update) American Riding Instructors Association (2004 update) American Youth Horse Council (2004 update) Certified Horsemanship Association (2004 update) (FFA) Formerly Future Farmers of American (2004 update) North American Equine Ranching Information Council (2004 update) North American Riding for the Handicapped Association, Inc. (2004 update) United States Pony Club (2004 update) Chapter 2: Selection and Use HIH210 HIH220 HIH230 HIH240 HIH250 Locating and Buying the Right Horse Equine Conformation Part I: Form to Function Equine Conformation Part II: Skeletal Structure Age Determination Therapeutic Riding (2004 Update) Chapter 3: Facilities and Waste Management HIH310 HIH320 HIH330 HIH340 HIH350 HIH360 HIH365 HIH367 HIH380 Why Every Horse Farm Operation Should Have a Master Plan Housing for Horses (2014 update) Fencing for Horses (2014 update) Fire Safety on Horse Farms (2014 update) Replacing Nature s Bedding (2014 update) Water Quality Management Guidelines for Horse Farms The Renewable Resource: Horse Manure (2003 update) Outlets for Composted Horse Manure (2014 addition) Being a Good Neighbor (2014 addition) 2
Chapter 4: Equine Health Management HIH405 HIH410 HIH415 HIH420 HIH425 HIH430 HIH435a HIH440 HIH445 HIH450 HIH455 HIH460 HIH465 HIH470 HIH475 Equine Dentistry (2011 update) Avoiding Hyperthermia in the Horse (2011 update) Flies and External Parasites of Horses (2011 update) Winter Care of the Horse (2011 update) Recognizing the Healthy Horse (2011 update) Control of Internal Parasites of the Horse (2011 update) Colic in the Horse (2007 update) First Aid for Horses (2011 update) Equine Immunization and Infectious Disease Control (2011 update) Care of the Older Horse (2011 update) Common Feet and Lower Leg Problems of the Horse (2003 update) Tying Up in Horses (2007 update) Equine Ophthalmology (2011 addition) Acceptable Equine Euthanasia and Carcass Disposal Options (2011 addition) Risk Reduction (2011 addition) Chapter 5: Horse Foot Care HIH505 HIH510 HIH515 HIH525 HIH530 HIH535 HIH540 HIH540a HIH555 Foot Structure and Function Foot Balance Shoe Styles Foot Care Guidelines Foot Care Tools Trimming and Shoeing the Sound Horse Common Foot Problems and Solutions Common Foot Problems and Solutions Table (2004 update) Farrier Selection Chapter 6: Equine Diseases HIH605 HIH610 HIH615 HIH620 HIH625 HIH630 Equine Influenza Equine Rhinopneumonitis Strangles in Horses Equine Viral Arteritis Eastern, Western and Venezuelan Encephalomyelitis in Horses Equine Infectious Anemia 3
HIH640 HIH645 HIH650 HIH655 HIH660 HIH665 HIH670 HIH675 HIH680 HIH685 Founder Tetanus in Horses Potomac Horse Fever Borreliosis (Lyme Disease) in Horses Equine Salmonellosis (2003 update) West Nile Encephalitis in Horses (2003 update) Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (2007 addition) Hyperlastosis Cutis/HERDA in Quarter Horses (2007 addition) Rabies in Horses (2007 addition) Vesicular Stomatitis in Horses (2007 addition) Chapter 7: Nutrition & Feeding Management (all updated in 2011) HIH705 HIH710 HIH715 HIH720 HIH725 HIH730 HIH735 HIH740 HIH741 HIH742 HIH745 HIH750 HIH755 HIH760 HIH765 HIH770 HIH775 HIH780 HIH785 HIH790 HIH795 HIH798 HIH799 The Digestive System of the Horse Water: The Most Important Nutrient Energy: Creating Horsepower Protein: An Important Nutrient Minerals: Macro and Micro Vitamins Essential for Horses Feeding Management and Grazing Behavior Guidelines Forages: Pasture and Hay Alternatives to Feeding Forage Cereal Grains and Dietary Supplements Reading a Feed Tag Nutrition of the Maintenance Horse Nutrition for the Athletic Horse Broodmare Nutrition Feeding the Rapidly Growing Foal Geriatic Horse Nutrition Estimating Body Weight Introduction to Body Condition Scoring Horses Nutritional Rehabilitation of the Starved Horse Trimming the Fat: Weight Loss Strategies for the Overweight Horse Diseases Affected by Nutritional Management Daily Nutrient Requirement of Horses Nutrient Composition of Selected Feedstuffs 4
Chapter 8: Exercise Physiology HIH810 HIH820 HIH830 HIH840 HIH850 HIH851 HIH860 HIH895 Respiration in the Horse Nutritional Ramifications of Exercise The Equine Cardiovascular System Equine Muscular System Exercise Physiology in the Equine Athlete Scientific Principles for Conditioning Race and Performance Horses (2004 update) Water & Electrolytes and the Prevention of Thermal Injury Glossary of Exercise Physiology Chapter 9: Reproduction HIH910 HIH920 HIH930 HIH940 HIH950 HIH960 HIH970 HIH975 HIH980 HIH990 Responsible Horse Breeding (2014 addition) Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology of the Mare (2014 update) Broodmare Management (2014 addition) Detection of Estrus and Manipulation of the Estrous Cycle (2014 update) Artificial Insemination of the Mare (2014 addition) Equine Embryo Transfer and Advanced Assisted Reproduction (2014 addition) The Foaling Process (2014 addition) Care of the Newborn Foal (2014 addition) Anatomy and Physiology of the Stallion (2014 update) Collection and Evaluation of Stallion Semen (2014 addition) Chapter 10: Using Genetics in Horse Breeding HIH1020 HIH1040 HIH1060 HIH1070 HIH1080 HIH1090 HIH1095 Basic Equine Genetics Color Genetics of Horses Genetic Abnormalities of Horses Developing A Horse Breeding Program (2007 addition) Inbreeding and Linebreeding (2007 addition) Selection of Breeding Stock (2007 addition) Equine Genetic Disorders (2007 additon) 5
Chapter 11: Tack and Equipment HIH1100 HIH1125 HIH1150 HIH1155 HIH1160 A Basic Introduction to Riding Tack and Equipment Basic Packing Equipment: Types, Adjustment and Use Traveling With Your Horse Tips on Trailering Your Horse Bandaging the Equine Limb: Basic Principles and Techniques (2003 update) Chapter 12: Training HIH1220 HIH1240 Horse Behavior and Senses: Vision, Touch, Hearing & Social Behavior Applying Principles of Psychology to Horse Training Chapter 13: Horse Business Management (all replaced in 2011) HIH1320 HIH1330 HIH1340 HIH1345 HIH1355 HIH1360 Fundamentals of Horse Business Management Equine Marketing: It s All About the Customer Equine Insurance Equine Liability Equine Industry Contracts Tax Tips for Horse Owners 6